A repair-free, self-balancing precast component installation method and temporary support frame

Abstract

This invention provides a method for installing a repair-free, self-balancing precast component and a temporary support frame. The installation method includes: placing the precast component on a lifting device and using the lifting device to hoist the precast component to the installation position; connecting the pre-embedded reinforcing bars of the precast component with the pre-embedded reinforcing bars of the completed main structure; installing a distribution beam on the lifting device, the distribution beam being located between the precast component and the completed main structure; installing a formwork on the distribution beam; installing hangers on the lifting device; dismantling the lifting structure of the lifting device, so that the lifting device is hung on the precast component by the hangers; binding reinforcing bars inside the formwork and pouring concrete; and removing the formwork, distribution beam, lifting device, and hangers. The precast component of this invention utilizes end diagonal reinforcement for support, cooperating with the main structure to form a self-balancing force system. This allows the temporary support frame to be used as a lifting device, a cast-in-place joint support, and a component support support. The structure is shared, simple, and convenient, exhibiting good versatility. The precast component has no other embedded parts except for the pre-embedded reinforcing bars at the joint positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast component installation technology, specifically to a repair-free, self-balancing precast component installation method and a temporary support frame. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge and wharf structures, to reduce construction time in adverse on-site environments and accelerate construction progress, many concrete components are prefabricated. The installation process involves numerous temporary structures such as embedded lifting rings, lifting tools, temporary support brackets for components, and supports for cast-in-place joints. In traditional construction methods, different application scenarios require different support brackets, cast-in-place joint supports, and lifting tools, and these temporary structures are not interchangeable. In complex geological or hydrological environments such as underwater, rocky, or deep silt geology, ground-mounted temporary support brackets present disadvantages such as high construction difficulty, high construction risk, long construction period, and difficulty in ensuring construction quality. To facilitate the lifting of prefabricated components, lifting rings or other embedded parts need to be reserved, which are difficult to repair later, affecting the structural appearance quality. Addressing the current limitations of bridge and wharf components in terms of the universality and repairability of support and temporary structures for lifting, installation, and cast-in-place joint construction, as well as limitations in the application environment, a repair-free, self-balancing prefabricated component installation method and temporary support frame are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a repair-free, self-balancing precast component installation method and temporary support frame. The precast components utilize end-mounted diagonal reinforcement for support, cooperating with the main structure to form a self-balancing force system. This allows the temporary support frame to function as a lifting tool, a support for cast-in-place joints, and a component support frame. The structure is shared, simple, convenient, and highly versatile. Except for pre-embedded reinforcing bars at joint locations, the precast components have no embedded parts such as lifting rings, eliminating the need for repairs and ensuring concrete quality and aesthetic appearance.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair, comprising: The prefabricated components are placed on the lifting equipment, and the lifting equipment is used to lift the prefabricated components to the installation position; Connect the pre-embedded steel bars of the prefabricated components to the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure; Install a distribution beam on the lifting device. The distribution beam is located between the precast component and the completed main structure. Install the formwork on the distribution beam. Install the hangers on the lifting device. Remove the lifting structure of the lifting device so that the lifting device is hung on the precast component through the hangers. Reinforcing bars are tied inside the formwork and concrete is poured. Remove formwork, distribution beams, lifting equipment, and hanging parts.

[0005] In some embodiments, before placing the prefabricated component on the lifting device, a plurality of L-shaped limiting blocks are placed on the lifting device. After the prefabricated component is placed on the lifting device, one side of the L-shaped limiting block is fixed and pressed onto the lifting device by the prefabricated component, and the other side of the L-shaped limiting block is in contact with the side of the prefabricated component.

[0006] In some embodiments, the pre-embedded reinforcing bars of the precast component and the pre-embedded reinforcing bars of the completed main structure are respectively a first pre-bent reinforcing bar and a second pre-bent reinforcing bar. Both the first pre-bent reinforcing bar and the second pre-bent reinforcing bar include a horizontal section and a bent section, and the included angle between the horizontal section and the bent section is an obtuse angle. The horizontal sections of the first pre-bent reinforcing bar and the second pre-bent reinforcing bar are respectively pre-embedded inside the precast component and the completed main structure. After the precast component is hoisted to the installation position, the horizontal section of the first pre-bent reinforcing bar is lower than the horizontal section of the second pre-bent reinforcing bar. The bent sections of the first pre-bent reinforcing bar and the second pre-bent reinforcing bar are arranged coaxially.

[0007] In some embodiments, a method for connecting the embedded steel bars of a precast component to the embedded steel bars of a completed main structure includes: Sleeves are installed on the embedded steel bars of the precast components and the embedded steel bars of the completed main structure. The two ends of the inclined bars are fixedly connected to the embedded steel bars of the precast components and the embedded steel bars of the completed main structure, respectively, and the inclined bars are used to achieve the self-balancing of the precast components under stress.

[0008] In some embodiments, after the lifting structure of the lifting device is removed, the length of the inclined ribs is adjusted using the connecting sleeve so that the forces on the multiple inclined ribs are similar.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method of installing the hanger on the spreader includes: Multiple lower support beams are installed at the bottom of the lifting device, and multiple upper support beams are placed on top of the precast component. The upper and lower support beams are connected by a lifting rod, so that the lifting device is hung on the precast component by a hanger.

[0010] In some embodiments, a pre-stressing test is performed inside the formwork before the reinforcing bars are tied inside and concrete is poured.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention provides a temporary support frame for implementing the aforementioned repair-free self-balancing precast component installation method, comprising a lifting device and a hanger. The lifting device is provided with a lifting lug and a pad beam. The pad beam is used to support the precast component, and the hanger is used to hang the lifting device on the precast component, so that the lifting device can serve as a support for the cast-in-place joint between the precast component and the completed main structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lifting device includes two main beams, each of which is provided with a lifting lug, and the pad beam rests on the two main beams.

[0013] In some embodiments, an L-shaped limiting block is provided on the pad beam, and the L-shaped limiting block is used to limit the prefabricated component.

[0014] In some embodiments, the hanger includes a lower support beam and an upper support beam, which are connected by a suspension rod, and adjusting nuts are provided at both ends of the suspension rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The precast components of this invention utilize end diagonal reinforcement for support, cooperating with the main structure to form a self-balancing force system. This allows the temporary support frame to also function as a lifting tool, a cast-in-place joint support, and a component support. The structure is shared, simple, and convenient, exhibiting good versatility. Except for the pre-embedded reinforcing bars at the joints, the precast components have no embedded parts such as lifting rings, avoiding repairs and ensuring concrete quality and aesthetic appearance.

[0016] 2. This invention achieves the limitation of prefabricated components by placing multiple L-shaped limiting blocks on the lifting device, and can fix the L-shaped limiting blocks by the self-weight of the prefabricated components without the need for any other form of fixation.

[0017] 3. The present invention utilizes pre-embedded first and second pre-bent steel bars to connect precast components and completed main structures. The bending of the first and second pre-bent steel bars enables the precast components to be subjected to symmetrical upward forces from the two completed main structures, thereby achieving self-balancing of the precast components under force.

[0018] 4. In this invention, sleeves are used to connect the inclined bars to the first pre-bent steel bars and the second pre-bent steel bars respectively. The sleeves and the inclined bars are threaded together, which makes it easy to adjust the length of the inclined bars and make the stress on each inclined bar balanced.

[0019] 5. This invention utilizes hangers to hang the lifting device on the precast component, making the hanger a support for the cast-in-place joint between the precast component and the completed main structure, thus achieving structural sharing. Moreover, the hanger is simple and convenient to install and has good versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the prefabricated components of the present invention are hoisted to the installation position; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Top view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when concrete is poured at the joint of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Top view.

[0021] Figure reference numerals: 1. Precast component; 11. First pre-bent steel bar; 2. Completed main structure; 21. Second pre-bent steel bar; 3. Lifting device; 31. Main crossbeam; 32. Lifting lug; 33. Pad beam; 34. L-shaped limiting block; 4. Hanger; 41. Lower support beam; 42. Upper support beam; 43. Lifting rod; 44. Pad plate; 5. Distribution beam; 6. Formwork; 7. Steel wire rope; 8. Diagonal reinforcement; Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for installing a repair-free, self-balancing precast component, comprising: S1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the precast component 1 is placed on the lifting device 3, and the precast component 1 is lifted to the installation position using the lifting device 3. Pre-embedded steel bars are set at both ends of the precast component 1. The two ends of the precast component 1 correspond to the two completed main structures 2, and pre-embedded steel bars are also set on the two completed main structures 2. Among them, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the lifting device 3 includes two main crossbeams 31, with lifting lugs 32 welded onto them. Two support beams 33 are placed on the two main crossbeams 31 to support the precast component 1. The support beams 33 can be formed by welding two I-beams together. Step S1 specifically includes: Place the two main crossbeams 31 on a horizontal surface, and the distance between the two main crossbeams 31 should be greater than the width of the precast component 1; Place the pad beam 33 on the two main cross beams 31, and hoist the precast component 1 onto the pad beam 33. The pad beam 33 can be fixed on the main cross beam 31 under the weight of the precast component 1. Using lifting equipment and equipped with wire rope 7 and shackles, the precast component 1 is hoisted to the installation position, i.e., the hoisting device. Figure 1 The location shown.

[0024] In some embodiments, to prevent displacement of the prefabricated component 1, a plurality of L-shaped limiting blocks 34 are placed on the pad beam 33 before the prefabricated component 1 is placed on the lifting device 3. Figure 2The diagram illustrates the arrangement of four L-shaped limiting blocks 34. After the prefabricated component 1 is placed on the lifting device 3, one side of the L-shaped limiting block 34 is fixed and pressed onto the lifting device 3 by the prefabricated component 1 using its own weight, while the other side of the L-shaped limiting block 34 is in contact with the side of the prefabricated component 1.

[0025] The main crossbeam 31, pad beam 33, and L-shaped limiting block 34 of the lifting device 3 of the present invention do not require welding or other forms of fixing. Their stability can be ensured simply by utilizing the prefabricated component 1 automatically. The lifting device 3 of the present invention is more flexible in its use for prefabricated components 1 of different sizes. Of course, the pad beam 33 and the main crossbeam 31, and the L-shaped limiting block 34 and the pad beam 33 can be connected by bolts or welding.

[0026] S2, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pre-embedded steel bars of the prefabricated component 1 are connected to the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure 2; Specifically, the pre-embedded steel bars of the precast component 1 and the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure 2 are respectively the first pre-bent steel bar 11 and the second pre-bent steel bar 21. The first pre-bent steel bar 11 and the second pre-bent steel bar 21 both include a horizontal section and a bent section. The included angle between the horizontal section and the bent section is an obtuse angle. The horizontal sections of the first pre-bent steel bar 11 and the second pre-bent steel bar 21 are pre-embedded in the precast component 1 and the completed main structure 2, respectively. After the precast component 1 is hoisted to the installation position, the horizontal section of the first pre-bent steel bar 11 is lower than the horizontal section of the second pre-bent steel bar 21. The bent sections of the first pre-bent steel bar 11 and the second pre-bent steel bar 21 are arranged coaxially.

[0027] In some embodiments, the embedded steel bars of the prefabricated component 1 are connected to the embedded steel bars of the completed main structure 2 in the following manner: Sleeves are installed on the embedded steel bars of precast component 1 and the embedded steel bars of the completed main structure 2. The two ends of the inclined bar 8 are fixedly connected to the embedded steel bars of precast component 1 and the embedded steel bars of the completed main structure 2 through the sleeves. The inclined bar 8 is used to achieve the self-balancing of the precast component 1 under stress. The sleeves are connected to the embedded steel bars and the inclined bar 8 through threads.

[0028] Understandably, once the first pre-bent steel bar 11 and the second pre-bent steel bar 21 are connected by the inclined bar 8, the precast component 1 can be fixedly connected to the completed main structure 2 by the inclined bar 8 without the need to continue using the lifting device 3 for support. Moreover, the lifting device 3 can be used in turn to utilize the fixed precast component 1, so that the lifting device 3 serves as a support for the cast-in-place joint between the precast component 1 and the completed main structure 2 for cast-in-place construction.

[0029] Furthermore, since the inclined bars 8 and the pre-embedded steel bars of the present invention are connected by sleeves, the length of the inclined bars 8 can be adjusted by the sleeves, so that the forces on the multiple inclined bars 8 are balanced.

[0030] S3, such as Figure 4 As shown, a distribution beam 5 is installed on the lifting device 3. The distribution beam 5 can be made of channel steel and can be fixed to the main cross beam 31 with bolts. The distribution beam 5 is located between the precast component 1 and the completed main structure 2. A template 6 is installed on the distribution beam 5. The template 6 can be made of square timber or bamboo plywood, or steel template 6. Hangers 4 are installed on the lifting device 3. The lifting structure of the lifting device 3 is removed so that the lifting device 3 is hung on the precast component 1 through the hangers 4. At this time, the lifting device 3, the distribution beam 5, the template 6 and other components (such as railings, walkways and other ancillary facilities) are all supported by the precast component 1. In some embodiments, the method of installing the hanger 4 on the lifting device 3 includes: like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, multiple lower support beams 41 are installed at the bottom of the lifting device 3. The lower support beams 41 can be fixed to the main crossbeam 31 of the lifting device 3 with bolts. Multiple upper support beams 42 are placed on the top of the precast component 1. The upper support beams 42 and the lower support beams 41 are connected by a lifting rod 43, so that the lifting device 3 is hung on the precast component 1 by the hanger 4. The upper support beams 42 and the lower support beams 41 are both composed of two I-beams. The two ends of the lifting rod 43 pass through the upper support beams 42 and the lower support beams 41 and are equipped with pads 44 and adjusting nuts. By rotating the adjusting nut, the upper support beams 42 can be fastened to the precast component 1. At this time, the wire rope 7 and the shackle are removed, and the lifting device 3 is hung on the precast component 1 by the hanger 4.

[0031] In addition, the upper support beam 42 and the lower support beam 41 may also be made of channel steel or other steel structures with holes, through which the hanger 43 passes.

[0032] After dismantling the lifting structure (wire rope 7 and shackle) of the lifting device 3, the length of the diagonal ribs 8 is adjusted using the connecting sleeve so that the forces on the multiple diagonal ribs 8 are similar.

[0033] S4. Tie the reinforcing bars inside formwork 6 and pour concrete; In some embodiments, before tying reinforcing bars and pouring concrete inside the formwork 6, a pre-compression test is performed inside the formwork 6. The pre-compression test can use concrete blocks, sandbags or reinforcing bars, and the pre-compression load is 1.05 to 1.10 times the load that the formwork 6 can withstand. The pre-compression test can eliminate the inelastic deformation of the formwork 6, verify the safety of the formwork 6, measure the elastic deformation of the formwork 6, and provide a basis for the preset camber of the formwork 6.

[0034] S5, dismantling formwork, 6, distribution beam, 5, lifting equipment, and 4, hanging parts.

[0035] This invention utilizes lifting devices 3 and hangers 4, eliminating the need for any additional structures on the precast component 1 besides the embedded reinforcing bars. After completion, no cosmetic repairs are required on the precast component 1. Furthermore, lifting devices 3 and hangers 4 offer advantages in simple and quick manufacturing, installation, and construction. Both can be manufactured as standard components (such as main crossbeam 31, pad beam 33, L-shaped limiting block 34, lower support beam 41, upper support beam 42, and lifting rod 43). Individual standard components are lightweight, facilitating transportation and lifting in complex environments, and exhibiting a high degree of assembly. The diagonal reinforcement 8 connects to the main structure, providing self-balancing stress. The length of the diagonal reinforcement 8 can be adjusted within a certain range according to actual needs, unaffected by terrain, geology, or hydrological conditions, thus avoiding unfavorable construction conditions. This invention offers advantages such as strong applicability, energy conservation and environmental protection, effective cost savings, accelerated installation and dismantling, and convenient subsequent turnover.

[0036] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for installing self-balancing precast components that require no repair, characterized in that: include: Place the prefabricated component (1) on the lifting device (3) and use the lifting device (3) to lift the prefabricated component (1) to the installation position; Connect the pre-embedded steel bars of the prefabricated component (1) to the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure (2); Install a distribution beam (5) on the lifting device (3). The distribution beam (5) is located between the precast component (1) and the completed main structure (2). Install a template (6) on the distribution beam (5). Install a hanger (4) on the lifting device (3). Remove the lifting structure of the lifting device (3) so that the lifting device (3) is hung on the precast component (1) through the hanger (4). Tie reinforcing bars inside the template (6) and pour concrete; Remove the formwork (6), distribution beam (5), lifting equipment (3), and hanging parts (4); The pre-embedded steel bars of the prefabricated component (1) and the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure (2) are respectively the first pre-bent steel bar (11) and the second pre-bent steel bar (21). The first pre-bent steel bar (11) and the second pre-bent steel bar (21) both include a horizontal section and a bent section. The included angle between the horizontal section and the bent section is an obtuse angle. The horizontal sections of the first pre-bent steel bar (11) and the second pre-bent steel bar (21) are respectively pre-embedded in the prefabricated component (1) and the completed main structure (2). After the prefabricated component (1) is hoisted to the installation position, the horizontal section of the first pre-bent steel bar (11) is lower than the horizontal section of the second pre-bent steel bar (21). The bent sections of the first pre-bent steel bar (11) and the second pre-bent steel bar (21) are arranged coaxially.

2. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before placing the precast component (1) on the lifting device (3), place multiple L-shaped limiting blocks (34) on the lifting device (3). After the precast component (1) is placed on the lifting device (3), one side of the L-shaped limiting block (34) is fixed and pressed onto the lifting device (3) by the precast component (1), and the other side of the L-shaped limiting block (34) is in contact with the side of the precast component (1).

3. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methods for connecting the pre-embedded steel bars of the precast component (1) to the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure (2) include: Sleeves are installed on the pre-embedded steel bars of the precast component (1) and the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure (2). The two ends of the inclined bar (8) are fixedly connected to the pre-embedded steel bars of the precast component (1) and the pre-embedded steel bars of the completed main structure (2) respectively using the sleeves. The inclined bar (8) is used to achieve the self-balancing of the precast component (1) under force.

4. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to claim 3, characterized in that: After dismantling the lifting structure of the lifting device (3), the length of the inclined ribs (8) is adjusted by using the connecting sleeve so that the forces on the multiple inclined ribs (8) are similar.

5. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Methods for installing the hanger (4) on the lifting device (3) include: Multiple lower support beams (41) are installed at the bottom of the lifting device (3), and multiple upper support beams (42) are placed on the top of the precast component (1). The upper support beams (42) and the lower support beams (41) are connected by a lifting rod (43), so that the lifting device (3) is hung on the precast component (1) by a hanger (4).

6. A temporary support frame for implementing the self-balancing prefabricated component installation method without repair as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a lifting device (3) and a hanging device (4). The lifting device (3) is provided with a lifting lug (32) and a pad beam (33). The pad beam (33) is used to support the precast component (1). The hanging device (4) is used to hang the lifting device (3) on the precast component (1), so that the lifting device (3) can serve as a support for the cast-in-place joint between the precast component (1) and the completed main structure (2).

7. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting device (3) includes two main crossbeams (31), each of which is equipped with a lifting lug (32), and the pad beam (33) rests on the two main crossbeams (31).

8. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to claim 6, characterized in that: An L-shaped limiting block (34) is provided on the pad beam (33), and the L-shaped limiting block (34) is used to limit the prefabricated component (1).

9. The method for installing self-balancing precast components without repair according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hanger (4) includes a lower support beam (41) and an upper support beam (42), which are connected by a hanger rod (43), and the two ends of the hanger rod (43) are provided with adjusting nuts.

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