In-plane dynamic displacement component measurement device and measurement method for stay cable based on mechanical decoupling

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of in-plane dynamic displacement split direction measuring device and measuring method based on mechanical decoupling cable method, comprising: cable clamp, fixed installation is in cable, one end is rotatably connected with the cable clamp by pin shaft, the other end is equipped with lever transverse guide rod, middle part is provided with the hollow lever vertical guide slot;Fixed plate assembly, including parallelly arranged upper fixed plate and lower fixed plate;The one end of upper and lower fixed plate is correspondingly provided with multiple transverse limit pin holes along axial arrangement, middle part is correspondingly provided with transverse guide slot, the other end is correspondingly provided with vertical guide slot.The application realizes cable method in-plane displacement physical separation into two orthogonal direction independent output, so that it is possible to carry out high-precision measurement by one-way displacement measuring device, thereby realizing economic, suitable and high-precision cable dynamic displacement measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable-stayed bridge inspection. More specifically, this invention relates to a device and method for measuring in-plane dynamic displacement of cable-stayed bridges based on mechanical decoupling. Background Technology

[0002] Stay cables are key components of cable-stayed bridges, bearing loads and transmitting forces. They are prone to vibration under external excitations such as wind and traffic loads, and their vibration displacement in the normal plane directly reflects the stress state and vibration characteristics. A thorough understanding of the direction, magnitude, and temporal characteristics of this type of vibration displacement is crucial for effectively addressing out-of-plane vibration of stay cables and for improving the effectiveness and durability of external dampers. High-precision measurement is essential for clarifying the vibration characteristics of stay cables. However, directly and accurately measuring complex and variable multi-degree-of-freedom vibration displacements under adverse weather conditions presents considerable technical challenges. In particular, simultaneous high-precision measurement when there are orders of magnitude differences between the vertical and transverse displacements in the stay cable plane places high demands on measurement methods and equipment, making it not only difficult to achieve but also extremely expensive and difficult to promote. Therefore, conveniently and cost-effectively obtaining accurate displacement values ​​and their variation patterns in the normal plane of stay cables is of great significance for improving the out-of-plane vibration control effect of external vibration control devices and ensuring the safe operation of the structure.

[0003] To achieve high-precision measurement of the aforementioned multi-degree-of-freedom vibration displacement, it would be beneficial to decompose it into two independent components—vertical and transverse—within a plane for separate measurement, and eliminate mutual interference between these directions. This would significantly improve the equipment's environmental adaptability, reduce its complexity, and lower its economic cost. Traditional decoupling methods primarily rely on algorithms to mathematically decouple sensor signals (e.g., separating coupled signals through matrix operations), requiring high-precision sensors and involving complex calculations.

[0004] The following shortcomings still exist in the existing technology for measuring the vibration displacement of cable-stayed bridges: (1) When the cable-stayed bridge displacement is measured directly using a wire sensor, a fixed position is required as a reference point. It is difficult to find a reference point that meets the requirements near the cable-stayed bridge. In addition, the wire sensor is only suitable for measuring displacement in a single direction, which is difficult to meet the multi-degree-of-freedom displacement measurement requirements of cable-stayed bridges under environmental and traffic loads. (2) The measurement method based on satellite systems such as Beidou is not accurate enough for measuring small-amplitude dynamic displacements, and the equipment cost is high, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion and use. (3) The traditional method of taking images of cable-stayed bridge vibrations with a single camera and extracting displacement information by combining edge line image processing algorithms requires a wide field of view and fixed video equipment. It is also difficult to accurately obtain the multi-dimensional vibration displacement of the cable-stayed bridge, has poor environmental adaptability, and the image processing technology is also relatively complex. (4) When installing an accelerometer on the cable-stayed bridge and obtaining the displacement through integration, the selection of boundary conditions is very easy to introduce large errors, affecting the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0005] The aforementioned shortcomings limit in-depth research on the vibration characteristics of cable-stayed bridges and also restrict the effectiveness of existing damping devices in controlling cable-stayed bridge vibrations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanically decoupled method and device for measuring the dynamic displacement of a cable-stayed bridge in the normal plane. This method decomposes the multi-degree-of-freedom vibration (complex coupled motion) of the cable in the normal plane into independent lateral and vertical components. Through mechanical structures, it eliminates mutual interference between these directions, achieving physical separation of the cable's displacement in the normal plane into two independent outputs in orthogonal directions. This makes it possible to perform high-precision measurements using unidirectional displacement measuring devices, thus achieving economical, applicable, and high-precision measurement of the dynamic displacement of the cable-stayed bridge. The obtained data will be directly applied to the study of the vibration characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge and the design optimization of external vibration damping devices, significantly improving the vibration damping effect, especially the transverse (out-of-plane) vibration suppression effect, and enhancing the durability of the cable-stayed bridge. By directly separating the displacement components at the physical level through mechanical design and proactively eliminating coupling interference, this method represents a more fundamental displacement decoupling approach compared to algorithmic decoupling.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve this technical problem is: a plane dynamic displacement directional measurement device based on mechanical decoupling of the cable-stayed bridge method, comprising: Cable clamps are fixedly installed on the stay cables; A lateral displacement amplification lever has one end rotatably connected to the cable clamp via a pin, and the other end is provided with a lateral guide rod. A hollowed-out vertical guide groove for the lever is provided in the middle part. The fixing plate assembly includes an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate arranged in parallel; one end of the upper and lower fixing plates is provided with a plurality of transverse limiting pin holes arranged along the axial direction, the middle part is provided with a transverse guide groove, and the other end is provided with a vertical guide groove. The base plate is fixedly connected to the bridge deck and to the upper and lower fixed plates; A lateral limiting pin is sequentially inserted into the lateral limiting pin hole of the upper fixed plate, the lever vertical guide groove, and the lateral limiting pin hole of the lower fixed plate, and is fixed to the lower fixed plate. The lateral displacement measuring axis passes sequentially through the lateral guide groove of the upper fixed plate, the vertical guide groove of the lever, and the lateral guide groove of the lower fixed plate. A transverse displacement gauge is used to measure the displacement of a transverse displacement measuring shaft in a transverse guide groove. A vertical displacement measuring shaft passes sequentially through the vertical guide groove of the upper fixed plate and the vertical guide groove of the lower fixed plate; a limiting spring parallel to the upper and lower fixed plates is set below the vertical displacement measuring shaft, and the other end of the limiting spring is fixed to the bottom plate. The limiting spring is set so that its length can reach the top of the vertical guide groove of the upper and lower fixed plates when it is in its free state. A vertical displacement gauge is used to measure the displacement of a vertical displacement measuring axis in a vertical guide groove.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes stiffening ribs, which are vertically arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the lower fixing plate.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the lateral displacement amplification lever is located between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate, and the three are rotatably connected by a lateral limiting pin.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the lateral displacement meter and the vertical displacement meter are laser displacement meters.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, the lateral displacement gauge and the vertical displacement gauge are transmitted to a wireless router via a network cable, and then the wireless router remotely transmits and uploads the data to the cloud acquisition system.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, both the vertical displacement measuring axis and the horizontal displacement measuring axis are assembled structures.

[0013] The present invention also provides a measurement method based on the device, comprising: When the stay cable undergoes dynamic displacement in any direction, the displacement of the lateral displacement measuring axis in the lateral guide groove is measured by a lateral displacement meter, and the displacement of the vertical displacement measuring axis in the vertical guide groove is measured by a vertical displacement meter. Based on the measured lateral displacement of the lateral displacement measuring axis and the vertical displacement of the vertical displacement measuring axis, the lateral displacement component x0 and the vertical displacement component y0 of the stay cable are calculated.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the device realizes real-time high-precision measurement of the in-plane vibration displacement law of the cable-stayed bridge, which can be used to study the vibration characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge, guide the design optimization of external dampers, improve the vibration suppression efficiency and environmental adaptability of the cable-stayed bridge, and reduce the maintenance cost of the bridge.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be apparent in part from the following description, and in part from what those skilled in the art will understand through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device for the cable-stayed bridge method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged view of the in-plane dynamic displacement directional measuring device of the cable-stayed bridge method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral displacement amplification lever of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device of the cable-stayed bridge method of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the side of the in-plane dynamic displacement measuring device of the cable-stayed bridge method of the present invention with a limiting spring; Figure 7 This is a partial view of the lateral displacement measuring axis setting of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Side view; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the device after the stay cables move.

[0017] Among them, 1-stayed cable, 2-cable clamp, 3-lateral displacement amplifying lever, 4-lever lateral guide rod, 5-lever vertical guide groove, 6-upper fixed plate, 7-lower fixed plate, 8-base plate, 9-lateral limiting pin, 10-lateral limiting pin hole, 11-lateral displacement measuring shaft, 12-lateral displacement meter, 13-vertical displacement measuring shaft, 14-vertical displacement meter, 15-shaft segment A, 16-shaft segment B, 17-rolling bearing, 18-bearing cover plate, 19-countersunk bolt, 20-limiting spring, 21-lateral guide groove, 22-vertical guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that the technical solutions and features provided in various parts of the present invention, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention described below are generally only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific implementation process is as follows: like Figures 1-9 As shown, this invention provides a planar dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling for cable-stayed bridges, comprising: Cable clamp 2 is fixedly installed on cable 1; The lateral displacement amplification lever 3 has one end rotatably connected to the cable clamp 2 via a pin, and the other end is vertically provided with a lever lateral guide rod 4, with a hollow lever vertical guide groove 225 in the middle part. The fixing plate assembly includes an upper fixing plate 6 and a lower fixing plate 7 arranged in parallel; one end of the upper and lower fixing plates 7 is provided with a plurality of transverse limiting pin holes 10 arranged along the axial direction, the middle part is provided with a transverse guide groove 21, and the other end is provided with a vertical guide groove 22. The base plate 8 is fixedly connected to the bridge deck and to the upper fixed plate 6 and the lower fixed plate 7; The lateral limiting pin 9 is sequentially inserted into the lateral limiting pin hole 10 of the upper fixed plate 6, the lever vertical guide groove 225, and the lateral limiting pin hole 10 of the lower fixed plate 7, and is fixed to the lower fixed plate 7. The position adjustment of the lateral limiting pin 9 within the lateral limiting pin holes 10 of the lower fixed plate 7 and the upper fixed plate 6 can change the position of the fulcrum of the lateral displacement amplification lever 3, thereby achieving optimal arrangement as needed.

[0021] The lateral displacement measuring shaft 11 passes sequentially through the lateral guide groove 21 of the upper fixed plate 6, the lever vertical guide groove 225, and the lateral guide groove 21 of the lower fixed plate 7; the lateral displacement measuring shaft 11 is clearance-fitted with each guide groove, and its axial direction is perpendicular to the upper and lower fixed plates 7. The transverse displacement gauge 12 is used to measure the displacement of the transverse displacement measuring shaft 11 in the transverse guide groove 21; The vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 passes sequentially through the vertical guide groove 22 of the upper fixed plate 6 and the vertical guide groove 22 of the lower fixed plate 7. A limiting spring 20 parallel to the upper and lower fixed plates 7 is set below the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13. The two are fixed by a fixing box, and the other end of the limiting spring 20 is fixed to the base plate 8 by the fixing box. In this embodiment, the fixing box is divided into a box seat and a retaining seat. The box seat is directly fixed to the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13, and the retaining seat is used to retain the spring. The limiting spring 20 is set so that its length can reach the top of the vertical guide groove 22 of the upper and lower fixed plates 7 when it is in a free state. In the preferred embodiment, in the assembled device, the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 is basically located in the middle of the vertical guide groove 22, the spring is in a compressed state, and when the lever transverse guide rod 4 presses down, the spring can be compressed to make the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 reach the bottom of the vertical guide groove 22. Specifically, when the cable 1 moves in any direction, Figure 9 For example, the horizontal displacement amplification lever 3 rotates counterclockwise around point B, from AE to DC. The corresponding horizontal guide rod 4 of the lever also rotates. Under the rotational force of the horizontal guide rod 4, the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 is pressed down and moves downward along the vertical guide groove 22.

[0022] Vertical displacement gauge 14 is used to measure the displacement of vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 in vertical guide groove 22.

[0023] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: it also includes stiffening ribs, which are vertically arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the lower fixed plate 7. The stiffening ribs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower fixed plate 7 and are set vertically along the lower fixed plate 7, thereby enhancing the structural strength to ensure the stability of the entire device during operation.

[0024] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the lateral displacement amplification lever 3 is located between the upper fixed plate 6 and the lower fixed plate 7, and the three are connected by a lateral limiting pin 9.

[0025] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the lateral displacement meter 12 and the vertical displacement meter 14 are laser displacement meters, which are installed on the surface of the upper fixed plate 6 to realize accurate measurement of the displacement of the lateral displacement measuring axis 11 and the vertical displacement measuring axis 13. The laser displacement can be powered by any power supply mode such as a solar panel.

[0026] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the horizontal displacement meter 12 and the vertical displacement meter 14 are transmitted to the wireless router via network cable, and then the wireless router remotely transmits and uploads the data to the cloud acquisition system for storage, analysis and display.

[0027] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: The vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 and the horizontal displacement measuring shaft 11 are both assembled structures. In this embodiment, the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 and the horizontal displacement measuring shaft 11 have the same structure. The vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 includes a cylindrical shaft segment A15 and a shaft segment B16. The shaft segment A15 has an internal threaded hole, and the shaft segment B16 has a threaded post that matches the internal threaded hole. After the shaft segments A15 and B16 are threaded together, they form a cylindrical structure with the same outer diameter. The bottom surface of the segment of shaft segment B16 that protrudes from the upper fixing plate 6 is a plane, so that the optical fiber emitted by the vertical displacement meter 14 always hits the plane of the corresponding segment of shaft segment B16. Preferably, this segment is a regular hexagonal prism structure. Similarly, the side surface of the segment of the horizontal displacement measuring shaft 11 that protrudes from the upper fixing plate 6 is also a plane. Preferably, this segment is a regular hexagonal prism structure.

[0028] A rolling bearing 17 is installed on the vertical guide groove 22 of the upper and lower fixed plates 7 at the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13. The outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 is rolled in the vertical guide groove 22. Bearing cover plates 18 are installed on both the inner and outer sides of the upper and lower fixed plates 7 at the vertical guide groove 22. The opening of the bearing cover plate 18 is slightly smaller than the vertical guide groove 22 to limit the rolling bearing 17. Preferably, the bearing cover plate 18 is installed by slotting on the upper and lower fixed plates 7 and fixed with countersunk bolts 19 so that the bearing cover plate 18 and the corresponding fixed plate are on the same plane.

[0029] A rolling bearing 17 is installed on the transverse guide groove 21 of the upper and lower fixed plates 7, with the outer ring of the rolling bearing 17 rolling in the transverse guide groove 21. Bearing cover plates 18 are installed on both the inner and outer sides of the upper and lower fixed plates 7 at the transverse guide groove 21. The opening of the bearing cover plate 18 is slightly smaller than the transverse guide groove 21 to limit the rolling bearing 17. Preferably, the bearing cover plate 18 is installed by slotting on the upper and lower fixed plates 7 and fixed with countersunk bolts 19 so that the bearing cover plate 18 and the corresponding fixed plate are on the same plane.

[0030] This invention also provides a measurement method for a cable-stayed bridge-based in-plane dynamic displacement directional measurement device based on mechanical decoupling, comprising: When the stay cable 1 undergoes dynamic displacement in any direction, the lateral displacement amplifying lever 3 will simultaneously move vertically and rotate around the lateral limiting pin 9. The lateral displacement measuring shaft 11 will undergo lateral displacement relative to the upper and lower fixed plates 7, and the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 will undergo vertical displacement relative to the upper and lower fixed plates 7. The displacement of the lateral displacement measuring shaft 11 in the lateral guide groove 21 is measured by the lateral displacement meter 12, and the displacement of the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13 in the vertical guide groove 22 is measured by the vertical displacement meter 14. Based on the measured lateral displacement of the lateral displacement measuring shaft 11 and the vertical displacement of the vertical displacement measuring shaft 13, the lateral displacement component and the vertical displacement component of the stay cable 1 are calculated.

[0031] If cable 1 experiences both lateral and vertical displacement simultaneously, the calculation principle is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, AE represents the initial position of the lateral displacement amplifying lever 3, CD represents the position of the lateral displacement amplifying lever 3 after it has moved, point B represents the lateral limiting pin 9, point K represents the lateral displacement measuring axis 11, circle O1 is the center of the initial position of the vertical measuring axis before the cable 1 moves, circle O2 is the center of the position of the vertical measuring axis after the cable 1 moves, A2 is the point of tangency with circle O2, and O3 is the intersection of the extension of EA and CA2. 。

[0032] In the figure, the vertical displacement EE of cable 1 is shown. ’ =y0, lateral displacement DE of cable 1 ’ =x0. Let the total length of the lever be AE=L, BE=L0, BA=L1, and the radius of the circular tube of the vertical displacement axis be... r Horizontal test value HK=t1, vertical test value O1O 2= t0, derived using the principle of similar triangles, yields: ; ; ; Combining the above two equations, we can obtain: ; In the formula .

[0033] In the above technical solution, the dynamic displacement in the plane of cable 1 is physically decoupled by this specific mechanical structure, and the multi-degree-of-freedom displacement value is converted into two independent output displacement values, vertical and horizontal. This simplifies the measurement process, improves the sensitivity and accuracy of the lateral displacement measurement of cable 1, and solves the problem of insufficient sensitivity of traditional sensors in the lateral displacement measurement of cable 1. The non-contact measurement method combined with lever is intuitive and simple.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A planar dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling using a cable-stayed cable method, characterized in that, include: Cable clamps are fixedly installed on the stay cables; A lateral displacement amplification lever has one end rotatably connected to the cable clamp via a pin, and the other end is provided with a lateral guide rod. A hollowed-out vertical guide groove for the lever is provided in the middle part. The fixing plate assembly includes an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate arranged in parallel; one end of the upper and lower fixing plates is provided with a plurality of transverse limiting pin holes arranged along the axial direction, the middle part is provided with a transverse guide groove, and the other end is provided with a vertical guide groove. The base plate is fixedly connected to the bridge deck and to the upper and lower fixed plates; A lateral limiting pin is sequentially inserted into the lateral limiting pin hole of the upper fixed plate, the lever vertical guide groove, and the lateral limiting pin hole of the lower fixed plate, and is fixed to the lower fixed plate. The lateral displacement measuring axis passes sequentially through the lateral guide groove of the upper fixed plate, the vertical guide groove of the lever, and the lateral guide groove of the lower fixed plate. A transverse displacement gauge is used to measure the displacement of a transverse displacement measuring shaft in a transverse guide groove. A vertical displacement measuring shaft passes sequentially through the vertical guide groove of the upper fixed plate and the vertical guide groove of the lower fixed plate; a limiting spring parallel to the upper and lower fixed plates is set below the vertical displacement measuring shaft, and the other end of the limiting spring is fixed to the bottom plate. The limiting spring is set so that its length can reach the top of the vertical guide groove of the upper and lower fixed plates when it is in its free state. A vertical displacement gauge is used to measure the displacement of a vertical displacement measuring axis in a vertical guide groove.

2. The in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling using the cable-stayed bridge method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes stiffening ribs, which are vertically arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the lower fixed plate.

3. The in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling using the cable-stayed bridge method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral displacement amplification lever is located between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate, and the three are rotatably connected by a lateral limiting pin.

4. The in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling using the cable-stayed bridge method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral displacement gauge and the vertical displacement gauge are laser displacement gauges.

5. The in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling using the cable-stayed bridge method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The lateral displacement gauge and the vertical displacement gauge transmit data to the wireless router via network cable, and then the wireless router remotely transmits and uploads the data to the cloud acquisition system.

6. The in-plane dynamic displacement measurement device based on mechanical decoupling using the cable-stayed bridge method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the vertical displacement measuring axis and the horizontal displacement measuring axis are assembled structures.

7. A measurement method based on the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: When the stay cable undergoes dynamic displacement in any direction, the displacement of the lateral displacement measuring axis in the lateral guide groove is measured by a lateral displacement meter, and the displacement of the vertical displacement measuring axis in the vertical guide groove is measured by a vertical displacement meter. Based on the measured lateral displacement of the lateral displacement measuring axis and the vertical displacement of the vertical displacement measuring axis, the lateral displacement component x0 and the vertical displacement component y0 of the stay cable are calculated.

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