Vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation method and system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of vehicle antenna performance evaluation, and discloses a vehicle antenna array system radiation performance simulation evaluation method and system, a single antenna simulation model is established in electromagnetic simulation software, port characteristics and radiation characteristics of the single antenna are simulated and calculated, and corresponding single antenna performance requirements are evaluated, if the requirements are not met, the single antenna simulation model is corrected until the requirements are met; all single antennas meeting the requirements are arranged on a whole vehicle simulation model according to requirements to establish a vehicle antenna array system simulation model, radiation performance data of all single vehicle antennas on the whole vehicle are simulated and calculated; comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system are calculated and visually displayed in a script file loading mode through a visual interface, whole vehicle antenna radiation performance index values are counted, and whole vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements are evaluated. The application can efficiently and stably evaluate radiation performance and accurate layout optimization analysis of the single antenna, the single vehicle antenna on the whole vehicle and the vehicle antenna array system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted antenna performance evaluation technology, specifically to a method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of intelligent connected vehicle technology, vehicle antennas, as the core component for information interaction between vehicles and the outside world, are undergoing a profound transformation from single function to multi-band and multi-standard integration, and the types and quantities of vehicle antennas are increasing dramatically.

[0003] Due to the limitations of automotive structure, the overall size and installation location of vehicle-mounted antennas are restricted. Traditional antenna structures can only cover a limited signal frequency band and have a narrow bandwidth. To meet the requirements of various intelligent applications, multiple antennas need to work together to achieve the performance requirements after the antenna is installed in the vehicle. Antenna array systems consist of multiple identical or similar antenna elements arranged according to a specific pattern. By combining signals, directivity, gain, and communication distance are enhanced. In this way, through the coordinated work of multiple antennas, a wider frequency band can be covered, signal strength can be improved, and communication stability can be enhanced.

[0004] Because vehicle antenna performance testing often occurs in the later stages of vehicle development, and vehicle testing laboratories are scarce, testing costs are high, and testing efficiency is insufficient, the development cycle for vehicle antenna performance is excessively long, making later rectification difficult. To address these issues, performance evaluation of vehicle antenna array systems using simulation modeling has become an indispensable and crucial step in the current development of vehicle antenna performance, providing data support for optimizing the placement of vehicle antennas.

[0005] In the process of vehicle antenna simulation, it is necessary to simulate various complex communication scenarios and vehicle operating environments to ensure that the antenna system can meet the performance requirements of actual use. However, due to the large number and variety of antennas, and the electromagnetic interference and coupling effects between them, the establishment and optimization of simulation models become extremely difficult. In addition, the vehicle's own metal structure and electronic equipment also affect antenna performance, further increasing the complexity of the simulation. Furthermore, existing vehicle antenna performance simulation technologies can simulate and calculate the radiation performance of a single vehicle-mounted antenna, but there is no clear method for evaluating the comprehensive radiation performance of the entire vehicle-mounted antenna array system. Therefore, vehicle antenna simulation faces significant challenges in its implementation, with limited simulation evaluation effectiveness, making it difficult to directly achieve a perfect match between the performance of a single physical antenna and the performance requirements of the entire vehicle, severely hindering the industrialization process of intelligent connected vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to provide a method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system. It can perform efficient and stable radiation performance evaluation and accurate array layout optimization analysis of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system. In particular, considering that when multiple antennas of the same type work together on the vehicle, the overall antenna performance is greatly affected by the complex vehicle structure and the surrounding complex environment, this invention provides an effective design means for the development of vehicle antenna performance.

[0007] The basic solution provided by this invention is: a simulation and evaluation method for the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, comprising the following steps: S1. Sequentially establish a single antenna simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation software, simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, modify the single antenna simulation model until it does. S2, arrange all the individual antennas that meet the requirements on the vehicle simulation model to establish the vehicle antenna array system simulation model, simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle and visualize them. S3 loads script files through a visual interface, simulates and calculates the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle, and then displays the data visually. It then calculates the radiation performance index values ​​of the entire vehicle antenna and evaluates whether the radiation performance requirements of the entire vehicle antenna are met.

[0008] This invention is based on a method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and also provides a method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, the system comprising: The model building module is used to build and correct individual antenna simulation models in electromagnetic simulation software; it is also used to place all the individual antennas that meet the requirements on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the actual vehicle layout requirements, and to build and adjust the vehicle antenna array system simulation model. The data calculation module includes a single antenna performance calculation submodule, a vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, and an antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule. The single antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of a single antenna and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. The vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, and then loads a script file through a visual interface to simulate and calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle. The antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule is used to calculate the radiation performance index values ​​of the entire vehicle antenna based on the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system and evaluate whether it meets the radiation performance requirements of the entire vehicle antenna. The visualization interface module is used to display the data generated by the data calculation module in a visual manner to observe the radiation performance of individual vehicle antennas and vehicle antenna array systems on the whole vehicle.

[0009] The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: Existing vehicle antenna radiation performance simulation and evaluation technologies cannot directly calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of multiple vehicle antennas, making it impossible to evaluate the overall performance of the vehicle antenna array system. Compared to existing technologies, this invention addresses the problem of the inability to evaluate the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle antenna array system. It deeply analyzes the relationship between the radiation performance and simulation data of individual antennas, individual vehicle antennas, and the vehicle antenna array system, optimizes the evaluation process, and proposes a two-stage electromagnetic simulation evaluation from individual antennas to the entire vehicle antenna system, along with a visual interface for loading script files for calculation output. Combined with the established antenna performance evaluation requirements and index system for each stage, it can efficiently and stably quantitatively evaluate the radiation performance of individual antennas, individual vehicle antennas, and the vehicle antenna array system. It can quickly and accurately analyze the layout optimization of different architectures of the vehicle antenna array system, determine the advantages and disadvantages of different layout methods, and select the optimal vehicle antenna architecture layout. Especially considering that vehicle antenna performance is greatly affected by the complex vehicle structure and surrounding environment, this invention provides a rapid and effective design method for developing vehicle antenna performance.

[0010] This invention employs a two-stage electromagnetic simulation evaluation. Using electromagnetic simulation software, the first stage evaluates the performance of individual antennas. Once all individual antennas required for the entire vehicle meet the performance requirements, the second stage involves whole-vehicle simulation. This effectively ensures the accuracy of the second-stage whole-vehicle simulation and provides accurate direction for optimizing the layout of the vehicle-mounted antenna array architecture. In the second stage, after placing the required individual antennas onto the vehicle simulation model, a simulation model of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system is formed. The radiation performance data of a single vehicle-mounted antenna is calculated, and based on the radiation performance relationship between the individual vehicle-mounted antennas and the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, the radiation performance data of the entire vehicle-mounted antenna array system is quickly calculated. Based on the clearly defined vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements, the radiation performance evaluation of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system is completed. Simultaneously, based on the relationship between the radiation performance requirements of individual vehicle-mounted antennas and the overall vehicle antenna system, the radiation performance of individual vehicle-mounted antennas is evaluated alongside the radiation performance assessment of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system. By combining the second-stage evaluation results of the radiation performance of individual vehicle-mounted antennas with the first-stage evaluation results, a comprehensive analysis can quickly identify the target array architecture for the vehicle-mounted antennas, improving layout optimization efficiency. Furthermore, by loading script files through a visual interface, the overall radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system can be quickly calculated, reducing the tediousness of manually calculating the radiation performance data of individual vehicle-mounted antennas and achieving a close coordination and response output between the two stages. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the actual gain pattern of the Bluetooth antennas at the left and right rear anchor points on the horizontal plane of the vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is the actual gain pattern of the Bluetooth antennas at the left and right front anchor points on the horizontal plane of the vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is the actual gain pattern of the vehicle roof anchor point and the horizontal plane of the central control Bluetooth antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is the actual horizontal gain pattern of the integrated vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system radiation performance simulation and evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The following detailed explanation illustrates the specific implementation methods: The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 The following is a simulation and evaluation method for the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, the method comprising: S1. Sequentially establish a single antenna simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation software, simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, modify the single antenna simulation model until it does. S2, arrange all the individual antennas that meet the requirements on the vehicle simulation model to establish the vehicle antenna array system simulation model, simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle and visualize them. S3 loads script files through a visual interface, simulates and calculates the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle, and then displays the data visually. It then calculates the radiation performance index values ​​of the entire vehicle antenna and evaluates whether the radiation performance requirements of the entire vehicle antenna are met.

[0013] Specifically, in this embodiment, the evaluation process is illustrated using a vehicle Bluetooth antenna as an example: S0 specifies the radiation performance requirements for individual antennas and the radiation performance requirements for the entire vehicle antenna after installation.

[0014] Individual antenna performance requirements include individual antenna performance indicators and corresponding conditions. Individual antenna performance indicators include port characteristics and radiation performance. Port characteristics include, but are not limited to, operating frequency and reflection coefficient S. 11 VSWR and input impedance, radiation performance including but not limited to gain, radiation pattern and polarization.

[0015] The overall vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements stipulate that the overall vehicle antenna performance evaluation indicators must meet the corresponding conditions. These indicators include, but are not limited to, maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, mean gain, gain variance, and defect ratio. These indicators are used to quantitatively analyze whether the vehicle antenna meets the omnidirectional / directional requirements on the main radiation surfaces. The performance requirements for different vehicle antennas vary depending on the application scenario.

[0016] In this embodiment, the target operating frequency of the Bluetooth antenna unit is 2.4 GHz, and the antenna unit gain is required to be greater than 0 dBi.

[0017] The radiation performance requirements for a vehicle's Bluetooth antenna include omnidirectional radiation in the horizontal plane, meaning the gain difference in the actual gain pattern on the horizontal plane must be less than 10dB, and the defect rate must be less than 5% (angles with a gain less than 5dB below the average are considered defect angles, and the defect rate is calculated by the ratio of the number of defect angles to the total number of angles). For a vehicle's Bluetooth antenna, the other parameters are not mandatory requirements for evaluating its radiation performance, but they can be used to determine the merits of different vehicle antennas or different layout methods.

[0018] The architecture of the Bluetooth antenna array system on the vehicle is clearly defined. There are a total of 6 Bluetooth antennas on the vehicle, including 5 anchor antennas and 1 central control antenna. The 5 anchor antennas are identical, located on the exterior left front, right front, left rear, and right rear near the headlights, and on the interior roof near the center of the sunroof. The central control antenna differs in size from the anchor antennas and is located inside the vehicle near the armrest. Figure 2 The diagram shows the architecture of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system.

[0019] In S1, the electromagnetic simulation software used is FEKO, a professional simulation software widely used in electromagnetic field analysis, which is particularly suitable for solving complex electromagnetic problems.

[0020] The simulation model of a single antenna can be based on the geometric model of a physical single antenna provided by the antenna supplier or on measurements of the actual antenna. During modeling, only the dielectric substrate structure, antenna structure, and ground structure of the antenna need to be retained. The electrical connectivity of the ground on the PCB board must be ensured, and an excitation signal must be added to the antenna feed port.

[0021] In this embodiment, simulation models of the anchor Bluetooth antenna and the central control Bluetooth antenna are established in the electromagnetic simulation software FEKO. The port characteristics and radiation performance of the individual Bluetooth antenna are calculated using simulation, including but not limited to the operating frequency and reflection coefficient S. 11 VSWR, input impedance, and gain pattern.

[0022] Evaluate whether the established Bluetooth antenna simulation model meets the performance requirements of a single Bluetooth antenna unit. If the S calculated at a frequency of 2.4 GHz... 11 If S ≤ -10dB and gain ≥ 0dBi, then the requirements are met, and this single antenna simulation model can be used as input for the whole vehicle simulation model. 11 If the gain is greater than -10dB or less than 0dBi, and at least one of these conditions is not met, the requirement is not met, and the Bluetooth antenna simulation model needs to be corrected. Model correction can be performed by adjusting several aspects such as the antenna size, antenna port type, mesh density, and dielectric substrate material parameters (the same adjustment method can be used for other types of antennas). The port characteristics and radiation characteristics of the individual antenna should be re-simulated, calculated, and evaluated until the performance of the individual antenna meets the design requirements.

[0023] Repeat step S1 to complete the evaluation of all individual antenna simulation models required for the entire vehicle, and obtain individual antenna simulation models that meet the requirements. In this embodiment, six Bluetooth antenna individual simulation models that meet the requirements are obtained.

[0024] Once the performance of a single antenna meets the requirements, it is then placed on the entire vehicle to evaluate the radiation performance of the entire vehicle antenna. This reduces the errors caused by inaccurate modeling of the single antenna and effectively ensures the accuracy of the radiation simulation of the entire vehicle antenna.

[0025] In S2, the simulation model of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system includes a whole vehicle mesh model and multiple individual antenna simulation models. Mesh models for the electromagnetic simulation of the whole vehicle and individual antennas are established, using triangular meshes to simulate the vehicle's metal structure, antenna metal, and dielectric structure. The mesh size is selected based on the frequency, typically 1 / 10 of the minimum wavelength corresponding to the maximum frequency. For individual antenna models, the mesh can be refined to 1 / 16, while for the whole vehicle mesh model, the mesh size can be increased to 1 / 8.

[0026] In this embodiment, the simulation models of the six Bluetooth antenna units that meet the requirements are placed on the vehicle simulation model according to the position and orientation of the actual vehicle antennas to establish a simulation model of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system. During the modeling process, a solver is set up for each antenna to solve and calculate the radiation performance data of a single vehicle antenna on the whole vehicle.

[0027] In S3, based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, the maximum actual gain of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle in each angular direction is calculated; the radiation performance data of the individual vehicle-mounted antenna on the vehicle corresponding to the maximum actual gain is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system in that direction; and the set of comprehensive radiation performance data in all directions is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system.

[0028] Then, based on the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, the evaluation index values ​​for the radiation performance of the entire vehicle antenna are statistically analyzed. These evaluation indexes include, but are not limited to, maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, mean gain, gain variance, and defect ratio. Different vehicle-mounted antennas have different performance requirements. Requirements are specified for some vehicle antenna performance indicators; for example, a vehicle Bluetooth antenna requires omnidirectional radiation in the horizontal plane, which can be evaluated solely based on gain difference and defect ratio. Other indicators are not mandatory but can be used to compare and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different antennas or different layout methods. If all the performance requirements for the entire vehicle antenna are met, then the vehicle-mounted antenna array architecture meets the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements, meaning that the simulation model of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system meets the requirements.

[0029] In this embodiment, the functions of steps S31 and S32 are implemented by scripting in the POSTFEKO post-processing software visualization interface, calculating and outputting comprehensive radiation performance data, and displaying it in the visualization interface.

[0030] S31, the simulation calculates and outputs the actual gain radiation pattern data of all vehicle-mounted individual antennas, obtaining the radiation performance data of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle, including each angle ( =0~180°, =0~360°) corresponding to (Electric field in) (directional components) (Electric field in) The real part of the component of direction , and imaginary part value , Gain Factor, Realised Gain Factor.

[0031] The actual gain RG of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle in each angular direction is calculated using the following formula.

[0032] RG=RealisedGainFactor*GainFactor*[Re +Im +Re +Im

[0033] S32, compare the actual gain RG of the six Bluetooth antennas at each angle, and select the radiation performance data of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle corresponding to the maximum value of RG at that angle. , , , GainFactor and RealisedGainFactor are used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system in this direction. The collection of comprehensive radiation performance data in all directions yields the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle's antenna array system.

[0034] The POSTFEKO post-processing software's visualization interface displays the radiation performance of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle and the calculated overall radiation performance of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system, including 3D and 2D gain patterns. Bluetooth antennas are evaluated using actual horizontal gain pattern data, such as... Figure 3 (a) Figure 3 (b) Figure 4 (a) Figure 4 (b) Figure 5(a) and Figure 5 (b) shows the actual gain radiation patterns of the left rear anchor point, right rear anchor point, left front anchor point, right front anchor point, roof anchor point, and central control Bluetooth antenna on the horizontal plane of the entire vehicle. Figure 6 This is the actual gain pattern on the horizontal plane after the integration of the vehicle's Bluetooth antenna array system.

[0035] Export the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system calculated from the script file, and use Matlab software to program and statistically analyze the vehicle antenna radiation performance evaluation index values, namely the actual gain pattern performance parameters of the horizontal plane after integration, including maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, mean gain, gain variance and defect ratio, so as to evaluate whether the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system meets the omnidirectional requirements of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna horizontal plane.

[0036] The actual gain pattern performance parameters of a single Bluetooth antenna on the horizontal plane and the actual gain pattern performance parameters of the integrated Bluetooth antenna array system on the horizontal plane are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1. Statistics of actual gain radiation pattern performance parameters of Bluetooth antennas on the horizontal plane of the whole vehicle.

[0038] Comparative analysis shows that when the six Bluetooth antennas on the vehicle operate individually, the actual gain difference exceeds 35dB, with a small mean gain and a large variance. The defect rate far exceeds the required 5%, indicating that the operation of a single Bluetooth antenna on the vehicle cannot meet the overall vehicle Bluetooth antenna design requirements. However, after the integrated Bluetooth antenna array system on the vehicle, although the actual gain difference on the horizontal plane slightly exceeds 10dB, it is much smaller than the gain difference when operating individually. The gain variance is significantly reduced, indicating that the gain fluctuation within a certain angle range on the horizontal plane is small. Furthermore, the defect rate is also drastically reduced, meeting the defect rate requirement of the overall vehicle antenna design. The two performance evaluation indicators of the Bluetooth antenna array system on the vehicle show that the actual gain difference does not meet the requirements, while the defect rate does. This indicates that the current Bluetooth antenna array architecture cannot make the overall vehicle Bluetooth antenna performance meet the requirements. However, this embodiment still demonstrates that the layout of the vehicle antenna array system can effectively improve the problem of excessive omnidirectional deviation of a single Bluetooth antenna on the horizontal plane.

[0039] In S3, if the requirements are not met, that is, if at least one of the evaluation indicators of the comprehensive radiation performance requirements is not met, then the comprehensive radiation performance of the vehicle Bluetooth antenna array system does not meet the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements. If necessary, the vehicle antenna array architecture should be adjusted until it is met. The vehicle antenna layout should be adjusted according to the applicable different array architecture methods to establish a simulation model, calculate the new vehicle antenna array system radiation performance data and radiation performance evaluation index values, so as to optimize the vehicle antenna array layout. The radiation performance evaluation index of the vehicle antenna array system is determined according to the vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements.

[0040] Table 1 shows the performance indicators of a single antenna on the vehicle and the radiation performance indicators of the antenna array system. It can be seen that a single vehicle antenna cannot meet the requirements. Although the indicators of the vehicle antenna array system composed of multiple vehicle antennas cannot fully meet the requirements, they are relatively close to the performance requirements. Therefore, the array architecture of multiple antennas on the vehicle, that is, the layout of the antennas on the vehicle, can be adjusted to make the radiation performance of the vehicle antennas meet the requirements under the final array architecture layout.

[0041] Based on the evaluation results of the radiation performance of individual vehicle-mounted antennas and the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, combined with the radiation performance evaluation results of individual antennas in S1, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to determine the target array architecture for the entire vehicle. Specifically, if the overall radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system has an excessively large defect angle in a certain direction, i.e., an excessively large gain difference, it indicates that the radiation performance of the individual antenna in that direction is poor, or that the direction is obstructed by the metal of the vehicle body. The direction of the individual antenna that plays a major role in the gain in that direction should be adjusted so that its stronger radiation surface is rotated to that direction, or the individual antenna should be adjusted to a position without metal obstruction in that direction, thereby optimizing the layout of the vehicle-mounted antenna array architecture. The radiation performance evaluation indicators for individual vehicle-mounted antennas and the radiation performance evaluation indicators for the vehicle-mounted antenna array system are the same, but the corresponding conditions that different types of vehicle antennas must meet vary.

[0042] Specifically, adjusting the antenna array architecture includes, but is not limited to, adjusting the individual antenna model, the number of antennas on the vehicle, the antenna placement on the vehicle, and the orientation of the antennas at different locations on the vehicle. The adjustments are then recalculated and evaluated until the requirements are met. The radiation performance indicators of the vehicle antennas are compared under different array architectures, and the layout that satisfies all relevant conditions for the vehicle antennas is selected as the final optimized array architecture layout for the vehicle antennas.

[0043] To implement the aforementioned method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, this solution also provides a system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes a model building module, a data calculation module, and a visualization display module; The model building module is used to build and correct individual antenna simulation models in electromagnetic simulation software; it is also used to place all the individual antennas that meet the requirements on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the actual vehicle layout requirements, and to build and adjust the vehicle antenna array system simulation model. The data calculation module includes a single antenna performance calculation submodule, a vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, and an antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule. The single antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of a single antenna and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. The vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule is used to simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, and then loads a script file through a visual interface to simulate and calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle. The antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule is used to calculate the radiation performance index values ​​of the entire vehicle antenna based on the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system and evaluate whether it meets the radiation performance requirements of the entire vehicle antenna. The visualization interface module is used to display the data generated by the data calculation module in a visual manner to observe the radiation performance of individual vehicle antennas and vehicle antenna array systems on the whole vehicle.

[0044] The system places the performance calculation part in the vehicle antenna performance calculation submodule, which can be integrated into the FEKO software; the performance evaluation calculation part is placed in the performance evaluation calculation submodule, which can be integrated into the Matlab software to statistically analyze the performance evaluation parameters.

[0045] Understandably, this system is capable of executing the above methods and achieving the same results.

[0046] The method and system for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of vehicle-mounted antenna array systems provided in this embodiment solve the problem of the inability to evaluate the comprehensive radiation performance of vehicle-mounted antenna array systems on a whole vehicle. It deeply analyzes the relationship between the radiation performance and simulation data of individual antennas, individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the whole vehicle, and vehicle-mounted antenna array systems, optimizes the evaluation process, and proposes a two-stage electromagnetic simulation evaluation from individual antennas to the whole vehicle and a calculation output method with a visual interface loading script files. Combined with the established antenna performance evaluation requirements and index system for each stage, it can efficiently and stably perform quantitative evaluation of the radiation performance of individual antennas, individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the whole vehicle, and vehicle-mounted antenna array systems. It can quickly and accurately analyze the layout optimization of different architectures of vehicle-mounted antenna array systems, judge the advantages and disadvantages of different layout methods of vehicle-mounted antennas, and select the optimal vehicle-mounted antenna architecture for the whole vehicle. In particular, considering that the performance of vehicle-mounted antennas is greatly affected by the complex vehicle structure and the complex surrounding environment, it provides a fast and effective design means for the development of vehicle antenna performance.

[0047] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1. Sequentially establish a single antenna simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation software, simulate and calculate the port characteristics and radiation performance of the single antenna, and evaluate whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, modify the single antenna simulation model until it does. S2, arrange all the individual antennas that meet the requirements on the vehicle simulation model to establish the vehicle antenna array system simulation model, simulate and calculate the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle and visualize them. S3 loads script files through a visual interface, simulates and calculates the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle antennas on the vehicle, and then displays the data visually. It then calculates the overall vehicle antenna radiation performance evaluation index value and evaluates whether it meets the overall vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements. In S3, based on the gain pattern data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, the actual maximum gain of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle in each angular direction is calculated; the radiation performance data of the individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle corresponding to the actual maximum gain is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system in that direction. The collection of comprehensive radiation performance data from all directions is used as the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system; The actual gain RG of a single onboard antenna in each angular direction is calculated using the following formula: RG=RealisedGainFactor GainFactor [Re +Im +Re +Im Where RealisedGainFactor is the actual gain coefficient corresponding to the corresponding angle, and GainFactor is the gain coefficient corresponding to the corresponding angle. and They are respectively =0~180° corresponding electric field components The real and imaginary parts; and They are respectively Electric field components corresponding to 0 to 360° The real and imaginary parts of the value.

2. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the performance requirements for a single antenna include its performance specifications and corresponding conditions. The performance specifications include port characteristics and radiation performance. Port characteristics include operating frequency and reflection coefficient S. 11 The VSWR and input impedance are used to measure radiation performance, including gain, radiation pattern and polarization.

3. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the modification of the single antenna simulation model includes adjusting the size of the antenna section, the antenna port type, the mesh density, and the dielectric substrate material parameters.

4. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, electromagnetic simulation mesh models of the whole vehicle and individual antennas are established. Triangular meshes are used to simulate the metal structure of the car, the metal structure of the antenna, and the dielectric structure. The mesh size is selected according to the frequency.

5. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle antenna array system calculated by the script file is exported. The Matlab software is used to program and statistically evaluate the radiation performance index of the whole vehicle antenna. If all the corresponding conditions are met, the vehicle antenna array architecture meets the radiation performance requirements of the whole vehicle antenna.

6. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The evaluation indicators for the radiation performance of the vehicle antenna include maximum gain, minimum gain, gain difference, mean gain, gain variance, and defect rate.

7. The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, if the requirements are not met, the vehicle antenna array architecture is adjusted until they are met. The vehicle antenna layout is adjusted according to the applicable different array architecture methods to establish a simulation model, calculate the radiation performance data and radiation performance evaluation index values ​​of the new vehicle antenna array system, so as to optimize the vehicle antenna array layout. The radiation performance evaluation index of the vehicle antenna array system is determined according to the radiation performance requirements of the whole vehicle antenna.

8. A simulation and evaluation system for the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system, characterized in that, The method for simulating and evaluating the radiation performance of a vehicle-mounted antenna array system according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the system comprises: The model building module is used to build and correct individual antenna simulation models in electromagnetic simulation software; it is also used to place all the individual antennas that meet the requirements on the whole vehicle simulation model according to the actual vehicle layout requirements, and to build and adjust the vehicle antenna array system simulation model. The data calculation module includes a single antenna performance calculation submodule, a vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule, and an antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule. The single antenna performance calculation submodule simulates and calculates the port characteristics and radiation performance of a single antenna, and evaluates whether it meets the corresponding single antenna performance requirements. The vehicle-mounted antenna performance calculation submodule simulates and calculates the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas on the vehicle, and then, through a visual interface, loads a script file to simulate and calculate the comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system based on the radiation performance data of all individual vehicle-mounted antennas. The antenna performance evaluation calculation submodule calculates the overall vehicle antenna radiation performance evaluation index values ​​based on the calculated comprehensive radiation performance data of the vehicle-mounted antenna array system, and evaluates whether it meets the overall vehicle antenna radiation performance requirements. The visualization interface module is used to display the data generated by the data calculation module in a visual manner to observe the radiation performance of individual vehicle antennas and vehicle antenna array systems on the whole vehicle.

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