A power switch and vehicle thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a power supply switch and a vehicle thereof in the technical field of automobile power supply switches, which comprises an upper cover, an upper shell and a lower shell, which are sequentially connected to form a closed cavity; the closed cavity is provided with an upper tooth disc and a lower tooth disc which are mutually engaged, a floating seat which is slidably connected with the lower tooth disc, a short-circuiting row which is inserted into the floating seat, and a main switch contact which is in active conduction with the short-circuiting row. The upper tooth disc is rotated by steel wire traction and drives the lower tooth disc to move, a reset spring is arranged below the floating seat, and the short-circuiting row and the main switch contact are in conduction through spring pressure connection. The upper tooth disc is provided with a compression torsion spring which is used for automatic reset after being pulled and released; the surface of the lower tooth disc is provided with switch compression teeth which are used for controlling conduction and disconnection; and the upper cover is further provided with a limiting structure. The switch has compact structure, supports remote control and hidden arrangement, has good sealing protection performance and operation stability, and can be widely applied to various vehicle electrical systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a main power switch and its vehicle, belonging to the field of automotive power switch technology. Background Technology

[0002] The main power switch is widely used in vehicle electrical systems to connect and disconnect the main power supply of the vehicle. In the existing technology, most common main power switches are rotary switches, which rely on manual rotation to control the conduction state of the circuit. They are usually installed directly on the outside of the vehicle around the battery box for easy access by the operator. However, this type of traditional switch has many limitations in terms of structure, layout and function.

[0003] To facilitate manual operation, existing main power switches are often located in exposed parts of the vehicle, such as the side of the vehicle or the outside of the battery box. This not only occupies valuable installation space, but also poses a risk of interference or even damage from external factors such as mud, dust, foreign objects, and footsteps, affecting the lifespan and safety of the switch. In addition, exposed installation may also lead to unreasonable wiring paths due to space constraints, resulting in excessively long cables, increased costs, and difficulty in achieving modular layout.

[0004] Current manual switches mostly rely on visual observation of the handle's position to determine their status, such as a vertical handle indicating power off and a horizontal handle indicating power on. However, due to variations in placement angle, lighting conditions, or individual differences, misjudgments are easily made, especially at night or in confined spaces where observation is difficult, posing a risk of unclear identification. Furthermore, it's difficult to determine whether the vehicle's power system is completely disconnected or if there are electrical problems such as undervoltage. Traditional manual switches typically lack status feedback, failing to provide audible or tactile cues during operation, and lack visual and tactile aids for judgment, resulting in poor user experience and operational reliability. Additionally, limited by installation space and operating direction, conventional switches restrict operating habits, particularly being unfriendly to left-handed users or those in challenging spatial configurations, and exhibiting poor compatibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a power master switch that is compact in structure, supports concealed installation, and has remote control and multi-dimensional status feedback, so as to improve the layout flexibility, operational safety and identification accuracy of vehicle electrical systems.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: In one aspect, a power switch is provided, comprising an upper cover, an upper housing, and a lower housing, wherein the upper cover, the upper housing, and the lower housing are sequentially connected to form a closed cavity; The enclosed cavity is equipped with an interlocking upper and lower toothed disc, a floating seat that slides and engages with the lower toothed disc, a shorting bar inserted in the floating seat, and a main switch contact that is movably connected to the shorting bar; the upper surface of the upper toothed disc is connected to one end of a steel wire via a fixed rotating shaft, the steel wire is used to pull the upper toothed disc to rotate, and a compression torsion spring is installed on the surface of the upper toothed disc to provide a restoring force after the traction force is lost; The lower end of the floating seat is provided with a reset spring for resetting; The lower gear plate has switch pressure teeth on its surface. The lower gear plate presses down on the floating seat through the switch pressure teeth, and the floating seat after the pressing action connects the shorting bar with the main contact of the switch. The upper cover is provided with a positioning limit block and a reset limit block to limit the rotation of the upper gear plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the floating seat has a through slot on its side wall, the shorting bar is installed in the slot, and a shorting compression spring is provided between the shorting bar and the slot.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower surface of the upper gear disc is provided with an inner cavity, and a rattle bead is installed in the inner cavity; The mating surfaces of the lower and upper gear discs are provided with multiple grooves, which are used to engage with the rattles.

[0009] Furthermore, the two ends of the shorting bar are provided with metal contacts, and the shorting bar uses shorting compression springs to press the metal contacts against the main contacts of the switch to achieve conduction.

[0010] Furthermore, the switch pressure tooth is slidably connected to the inner wall of the floating seat; the inner wall of the floating seat is provided with a disconnect position and a conduction position, and a climbing slope is provided between the disconnect position and the conduction position, and the conduction position is configured as a slot structure that engages with the switch pressure tooth. The lower gear plate is also provided with a sealing O-ring on its edge.

[0011] Furthermore, the interlocking upper and lower toothed discs include: the upper and lower toothed discs meshing with each other through interlocking teeth, wherein the interlocking teeth have a structure with an inclined interlocking surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed shaft end of the steel wire is provided with a guide structure; The output structure includes: an outer vertical ball pair, an inner vertical ball pair, and a lateral ball pair; the lateral ball pair is disposed between the outer vertical ball pair and the inner vertical ball pair, and the steel wire is respectively inserted between the outer vertical ball pair, the inner vertical ball pair, and the lateral ball pair. The surface of the outlet structure is covered with a waterproof and dustproof rubber cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the side wall of the floating seat is provided with a vertically oriented motion guide groove, and the floating seat is slidably connected to the closed cavity through the motion guide groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the main contact of the switch is disposed on the wiring stud, the enclosed cavity is provided with wiring stud for connecting to the power supply, and an isolation plate is provided between the wiring studs.

[0015] In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided, equipped with a main power switch as described in the first aspect, the main power switch being mounted inside the vehicle's frame via a mounting bracket. The main power switch has a voltage detection controller and LED indicator lights inside.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention forms a closed cavity by sequentially connecting the upper cover, upper shell, and lower shell, achieving overall structural airtightness and modular packaging. This facilitates the concealed installation of the switch body, improves the freedom of vehicle layout and space utilization, and effectively isolates external dust and moisture, enhancing the system's environmental adaptability. Furthermore, by setting interlocking upper and lower gear plates, and using a steel wire to pull the upper gear plate to rotate and drive the lower gear plate, the switch can be turned on / off remotely, avoiding the limitation of traditional rotary switches that require local operation. This significantly improves ease of operation and human-machine adaptability, making it particularly suitable for concealed installations and different driver operating habits.

[0017] 2. The lower gear plate surface is equipped with switch pressing teeth, which are linked with the floating seat that slides below. The floating seat presses the shorting bar against the main contact of the switch to connect the circuit, achieving reliable on / off control. At the same time, the floating seat is equipped with a reset spring, which automatically returns to its original position after the switch is turned off, ensuring consistent operation and accurate reset. The upper gear plate surface is equipped with a clamping torsion spring, which automatically resets after being pulled and released. It works with an inclined meshing structure to achieve unidirectional engagement and reverse slippage, thereby ensuring that the switch automatically returns to its original position and remains stable after operation, preventing misoperation or non-positioning. The upper cover is equipped with a position limit block and a reset limit block to limit the rotation range of the upper gear plate, avoiding jamming or component damage caused by overtravel, and enhancing the durability and safety of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The figure shown is a side-view diagram of the concealed switch provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The figure shown is a top-down axial view of the concealed switch arrangement provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the concealed switch arrangement provided by the present invention from the perspective of the axial direction. Figure 4The figure shown is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the concealed switch shaft provided by the present invention. Figure 5 The diagram shows the effect of the concealed switch provided by this invention and the ordinary manual main power switch on the beam, viewed from the inside of the longitudinal beam. Figure 6 The diagram shows the effect of the concealed switch provided by the present invention and the ordinary manual main power switch on the beam, viewed from the outside of the longitudinal beam. Figure 7 The diagram shows the effect of the concealed switch provided by the present invention and the ordinary manual main power switch on the beam, viewed from the cross-section of the longitudinal beam. Figure 8 The diagram shows the starting position of the rotation caused by the internal wire pulling motion after the top cover is removed, as provided by the present invention. Figure 9 The diagram shows the termination position of the rotation caused by the internal wire pulling motion after the top cover is removed, as provided by the present invention. Figure 10 The diagram shows the ratchet turntable engagement structure, the wire drawing guide roller, and the connection state between the bottom guide plate and the tenon seat provided by the present invention. Figure 11 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the internal structure of the ratchet upper toothed disc, the reset torsion spring, the ratchet lower toothed disc, and the tenon provided by the present invention. Figure 12 The diagram shown is a schematic of the ratchet upper toothed disc, the reset torsion spring, and the ratchet lower toothed disc ratchet ball provided by the present invention. Figure 13 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the top cover provided by the present invention; Figure 14 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the indicator light circuit provided by this invention. Figure 15 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof and dustproof rubber cover provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Top cover; 2. Anti-wear flange; 3. External vertical roller pair; 4. Steel wire; 5. Upper housing; 6. Lower housing; 7. Fixing hole; 8. Top cover fixing seat; 9. Upper gear plate clamping torsion spring receiving chamber; 10. Steel wire fixing point receiving chamber; 11. Power cord terminal; 12. Power cord; 13. Wiring stud; 14. Isolation plate; 15. Clamping torsion spring; 16. Screw; 17. Gap between upper gear plate and upper housing wall; 18. Upper housing wall; 19. Switch clamping tooth; 20. Short-circuit clamping spring; 21. Floating seat; 22. Return spring; 23. Switch main 24. Contact point; 25. Conductor position; 26. Lower gear plate; 27. Upper gear plate; 28. Conventional manual power main switch; 27-1. Rotary handle of conventional manual power main switch; 29. ​​Mounting bracket; 30. Bracket beam fixing hole; 31. Bracket switch fixing hole; 32. Pull ring handle; 33. Nylon sleeve at the pull ring end; 34. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover; 35. Guide pulley; 36. Lateral roller pair; 37. Bulb fixing screw; 38. Lower gear plate flange; 39. Steel wire fixing the return position of the rotating shaft; 40. Internal vertical roller pair 41. Operating position of the wire-fixed rotating shaft; 42. Operating position of the wire mounting seat; 43. Reset position of the wire mounting seat; 44. Inclined meshing force-bearing surface of the upper and lower gear plates; 45. Shorting bar; 46. Sealing O-ring; 47. Meshing teeth; 48. Motion guide groove; 49. Groove; 50. Sliding inclined surface of the lower gear plate meshing teeth; 51. Disconnection position; 52. Wire guide cylinder; 53. Wire channel hole; 54. Reset limit block; 55. Lower gear plate pressing enclosure; 56. Position limit block; 57. Fixing bolt; 58. Indicator. 59. Lamp grounding wire; 60. LED indicator light; 61. Indicator light control line 1; 62. Indicator light controller; 63. Shorting pin test line; 64. Terminal stud 1 test line; 65. Terminal stud 2 test line; 66. Indicator light control line 2; 67. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover steel wire guide barrel sealing package opening; 68. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover inner sealing plate; 69. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover outer sealing plate; 70. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover conical elastic section; 71. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover steel wire outlet nylon protective tube; 72. Waterproof and dustproof rubber cover through-wall hole adapter sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example 1:

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a main power switch. From top to bottom, the external components are an upper cover 1 (the cover of the steel wire 4 pulling and rotating mechanism), an upper housing 5, and a lower housing 6, which are assembled and connected in sequence. The upper cover 1 is fixed to the top of the upper housing 5 by mounting screws on the surrounding upper cover 1 fixing seat. The upper housing 5 is fixed to the lower housing 6 by snap-fit ​​and waterproof sealant.

[0023] The top cover 1 has a steel wire 4 extending laterally from the guide cylinder. A waterproof and dustproof rubber cover 34 is installed at the opening of the guide cylinder. From the outside to the inside, there are external vertical roller pairs 3, transverse roller pairs 36, and internal vertical roller pairs 40 arranged sequentially. The cylinder opening has an anti-wear flange to prevent the steel wire 4 from being worn and broken due to long-term wear when it deviates too much. It also serves to limit and prevent the waterproof and dustproof cover from falling off.

[0024] Inside the upper cover 1, the upper gear plate 26 presses against the torsion spring 15 in the center. The upper gear plate 26 is pressed down below. The upper gear plate 26 is connected to the steel wire 4. The lower part of the upper gear plate 26 is connected to the lower gear plate 25 through the meshing teeth 47. Each meshing tooth 47 of the upper gear plate 26 has a cavity inside containing the rattle 16 mechanism. The upper part of the rattle 16 mechanism is the rattle 16 fixing screw, the lower part is the rattle 16, and the middle part is the rattle 16 return spring 22 to provide elastic pressure to the rattle 16.

[0025] The lower gear 25 has multiple consecutively appearing rattle bead 16 grooves 49 on the surface of the meshing teeth 47, which only appear in groups on the corresponding pairs of meshing teeth 47 when the switch is on or off, to distinguish the switch state. The lower gear 25 has a larger edge diameter than the upper gear 26, forming a flange of the lower gear 25, and the flange has a sealing O-ring 46 in the vertical groove 49. The lower gear 25 has a switch pressure tooth 19 at the center of the lower surface of the lower gear 25, which is accommodated in the pressure tooth seat space at the top of the lower floating seat 21.

[0026] The floating seat 21 can move up and down in the space between the upper and lower housings 6. The floating seat 21 has a through groove in the middle, and a shorting bar 45 is inserted horizontally inside. The shorting bar clamping spring 20 ensures the reliability of the conduction and the tolerance of assembly and movement errors. There are metal contacts at the bottom of both ends of the shorting bar 45. When it moves downward, it can press the main switch contacts 23 on the top of the two lower wiring studs 13 to realize the circuit conduction.

[0027] The upper housing 5 is wholly or partially transparent, containing multi-color LED indicator lights 59, an indicator light controller, and connecting wires for each indicator light. The indicator light housing emits colored light through the transparent portion of the housing for status identification. The top of the upper housing 5 is a circular wall that houses the upper and lower gear discs 25 mechanism, and there are mounting holes on both sides.

[0028] The bottom of the lower housing 6 has wiring bolts and nuts on both sides. Between the two wiring bolts is an isolation plate 14, which serves to prevent short circuits caused by contact between the wire terminals and tools on both sides or accidental short circuits caused by contact with surrounding conductive metal objects.

[0029] It is important to note that the fixed shaft of the steel wire 4 on the upper gear plate 26 ensures it is firmly fixed to the upper gear plate 26 and can withstand the tension required to overcome the switching motion, thus ensuring durable use. Simultaneously, the fixed shaft allows the steel wire 4 to rotate along the vertical axis. When the axial movement of the steel wire 4 during stretching and retraction is converted into the horizontal circular rotation of the upper gear plate 26, it can adapt to the resulting angular offset of the horizontal pulling motion perpendicular to the pulling direction of the steel wire 4. When the movement offset of the steel wire 4 is transmitted to the steel wire 4 guide cylinder, it is limited and wear-resistant guided by the internal vertical roller pair 40. The vertical movement offset of the steel wire 4 caused by the upward movement of the upper gear plate 26 during reset is also limited and wear-resistant by the transverse roller pair 36. Thus, these two roller pairs ensure the consistency of the direction and position of the steel wire 4's output, avoid uneven wear, and achieve balanced and smooth force distribution, reducing friction and tension for effortless operation. When using the external steel wire 4, for structural layout and waterproofing considerations, the initial direction of steel wire 4 can be inclined downwards to allow sewage to flow out and drip without being transmitted to the switch. The resulting vertical offset angle of steel wire 4 can be limited and protected against wear by the anti-wear flanges on the upper and lower edges of the steel wire 4 guide cylinder. When arranging steel wire 4, the vertical offset angle should be as small as possible to be smaller than the angle of the accessible flange. When steel wire 4 is arranged to shift left or right, external vertical rollers can adaptively limit and protect against wear and ensure smooth flow of steel wire 4. When arranging externally, multiple bends in the direction of steel wire 4 are often required based on the switch position, handle ring position, fixed point position of intermediate path structure, and structural layout requirements. A guide pulley can be arranged at each bend point to change the movement direction of steel wire 4 and to limit, protect against wear, and ensure smooth flow. Nylon tubes are located at the end pull ring position and inside the waterproof and dustproof rubber cover 34 to lubricate and protect steel wire 4 from wear and to guide the movement direction of steel wire 4.

[0030] Alternatively, a single, sheathed steel wire 4 can be used to achieve full waterproof and dustproof protection, and to allow the outer sheath at bends to turn and be fixed within a radius not less than the minimum turning radius.

[0031] like Figure 15 As shown, the two wiring bolts are injection molded into the lower housing 6 to achieve bottom waterproofing. The lower housing 6 is firmly fixed to the upper housing 5 and watertight through a snap-fit ​​and a ring of waterproof adhesive. The upper housing 5 is waterproofed from the upper part by the waterproof O-ring on the side of the flange of the lower gear 25 in conjunction with the lower gear 25 itself. The upper gear 26 and other structures are pressed and sealed by the upper cover 1 and sealant through fixing bolts 57. The outlet of the guide cylinder of the steel wire 4 of the upper cover 1 is sealed with the rubber waterproof and dustproof cover. The rubber waterproof and dustproof cover is snapped into the anti-wear flange of the outlet of the guide cylinder of the steel wire 4 to prevent loosening and falling off. The guide cylinder is sealed by the sealing opening of the guide cylinder of the steel wire 4 of the rubber cover. The middle section of the waterproof rubber cover has several annular adapter sealing rings with a thin trapezoidal cross-section, which have flexible and deformable capabilities. It can fill the circular opening of the main beam and achieve a seal, and center the rubber sealing cover in the exact center of the circular opening, while also providing a certain degree of resistance to movement and fastening. The outer sealing plate of the rubber cover clamps onto the outside of the main beam opening to achieve a seal and limit the movement of the rubber cover, preventing it from shifting inward. The inner sealing plate of the rubber cover has an elastic deformation section that can adapt to different main beam thicknesses, and achieves reliable compression sealing and limit to prevent it from being pulled out of the main beam. The tapered elastic section of the rubber cover can transition the shape of the outer sealing plate and the outlet port, and has a certain degree of deformation elasticity to adapt to the movement path deviation caused by the angular deviation of the steel wire 4 arrangement. The end is firmly wrapped with a nylon wear-resistant tube, which has hardness and wear resistance, and adapts well to the change in the arrangement angle of the steel wire 4. The nylon wear-resistant tube, together with the tapered elastic section, achieves a primary waterproof and dustproof effect as well as a guiding and wear-resistant effect.

[0032] The upper gear 26 has a rattle bead 16 mechanism on the lower surface of each of its four teeth, while the lower gear 25 has several interval grooves 49 with the same rotation radius as the rattle bead 16 on the upper surface of only one pair of teeth. When the upper gear 26 pushes the lower gear 25 into position and the lower gear 25 remains locked, the pulling effect of the steel wire 4 disappears. When the upper gear 26 begins to rotate back to its original position under the action of the return spring 22, the lower surface of the upper gear 26 will slide across the upper surface of the lower gear 25. At this time, the rattle bead 16 will roll on the upper surface of the lower gear 25 and pass through several rattle bead 16 grooves 49, producing a rattle. When bead 16 does not pass through groove 49, it is pressed into its own receiving cavity by the pressure of the upper surface of the lower gear plate 25 and does not protrude. When it passes through groove 49, bead 16 is pushed out by the internal return spring 22 and can just fit into groove 49 on the upper surface of the teeth of the lower gear plate 25. When it continues to slide out of groove 49, motion interference occurs and it is squeezed into the receiving cavity. During the process of protrusion and squeezing, sound and vibration are generated and the vibration is transmitted to the human hand through steel wire 4. Therefore, several clicking sounds are generated, and a vibration is provided at the same time as a status indication of this position.

[0033] When the bead falls into and climbs out of the conduction position 24, there will be vibration and sound from the protrusions on both sides of the groove 49, which can also serve as a prompt sound and vibration for entering and exiting the locked state. The groove position of this bead can be set on the tooth surface corresponding to the lower tooth plate 25 when it is closed, or it can be set on the tooth surface corresponding to the lower tooth plate 25 when it is opened. Different reminder states can be achieved by selecting the corresponding type of lower tooth plate 25 according to customer needs.

[0034] Assuming the switch is currently in the off state, pulling the handle of the steel wire 4 pulls the steel wire 4 outward, causing the upper gear plate 26 to rotate (in this embodiment, the upper gear plate 26 rotates clockwise in the top view). This meshes with the lower gear plate 25, causing it to rotate synchronously. The switch pressure teeth 19 at the bottom of the lower gear plate 25 move out of the disconnect position 51 along the switch pressure teeth 19 seat of the floating seat 21, sliding all the way up the slope of the pressure teeth seat until they fall into the groove 49 of the top conduction position 24 and are locked, generating a vibration and sound. At the same time, because the lower gear plate 25 is limited by the pressing wall of the upper cover 1 and will not move upward, the floating seat 21 is pressed down in the opposite direction to reach the end of the stroke. The pressure is transmitted through the short-circuit clamping spring 20 to press the clamping plate tightly onto the main contact 23 of the switch on the two wiring bolts, preventing loose connections and ensuring effective and reliable conduction by compatibility with assembly size errors. The voltage status is collected by the light controller to provide corresponding lighting indication. After the action is completed, the steel wire 4 fixing shaft base of the upper gear plate 26 moves clockwise from the reset position to the action position and is restricted by the rotation limit block 56 inside the upper cover 1, so that the steel wire 4 cannot continue to pull outward, thus avoiding overtravel. At this time, the operator can release the steel wire 4, and the upper gear plate 26 rotates counterclockwise to reset under the action of the clamping torsion spring 15. It overcomes the downward pressure of the clamping torsion spring 15 and climbs counterclockwise uphill on the lower surface of its meshing teeth 47, which is close to the upper surface of the meshing teeth 47 of the lower gear plate 25. During the process, according to the design state, the rattle 16 may be triggered to vibrate and make a sound reminder multiple times until the complete reverse rotation and uphill rotation is completed. The steel wire 4 fixing shaft base moves to the reset position and is blocked by the corresponding reset limit block 54 of the upper cover 1 to stop the reset. It falls into the lowest point of the next tooth surface after the highest point of the lower gear plate 25, and then is pressed down by the pressure of the clamping torsion spring 15 to slide down along the tooth surface of the lower gear plate 25 and stick to the lower gear plate 25. During the clockwise rotation of the upper gear 26, which drives the lower gear 25 to rotate, the upper gear 26 and the lower gear 25 only rotate horizontally. The lower gear 25 will press down on the floating seat 21, and the outer upper surface of the flange of the lower gear 25 will be pressed down by the pressing wall of the upper cover 1. Therefore, it will not be affected by the reaction force of the lower floating seat 21 and will not move upward. It will be restricted to its original position and will not move up or down. However, during the counterclockwise reset of the upper gear 26, the upper gear 26 will move upward against the pressure of the clamping torsion spring 15 as it climbs up the inclined plane. This will also cause the steel wire 4 to move upward synchronously and be guided by the transverse roller.When the operator pulls the steel wire 4 again, this motion process will repeat. However, when the upper gear 26 pushes the lower gear 25 to rotate, the result is that the lower pressing tooth of the lower gear 25 climbs out of the conducting position 24 and descends along the slope to the disconnect position 51 and is locked by the top of the groove 49. At this time, the floating seat 21 loses the downward pressure of the lower pressing tooth and floats up, causing the shorting bar 45 to move up synchronously to disconnect the main contact 23 of the switch, thus breaking the circuit. After the upper gear 26 drives the lower gear 25 to move to the limit position, it can no longer be pulled and rotated. The operator can release the force, and the upper gear 26 continues to return to the position counterclockwise and moves down under the clamping force of the clamping torsion spring 15 to fit the next tooth surface of the lower gear 25 to complete the entire closing and opening motion cycle. The floating seat 21 has a floating seat 21 movement guide groove 48 on its side, which corresponds to the guide rail inside the upper housing 5, so that the floating seat 21 can only move up and down and will not be affected by the rotation and tilting climbing force of the lower pressing tooth and the pressing tooth seat to produce rotational movement.

[0035] See Figure 9 The upper gear plate 26 and the lower gear plate 25 have inclined meshing force-bearing surfaces (meshing effect). The pushing end face of the upper gear plate 26 meshing teeth 47 and the pushed end face of the lower gear plate 25 meshing teeth 47 are a set of inclined vertical surfaces that can mesh tightly. When the upper gear plate 26 rotates clockwise in the top view, the inclined surface of the upper gear plate 26 meshing teeth 47 will slide into the bottom of the inclined surface of the lower gear plate 25 meshing teeth 47. This, together with the downward pressure of the compression torsion spring 15, ensures that the upper gear plate 26 is firmly attached to the lower gear plate 25 without shaking or moving upward. The lower gear plate 25 is pressed down and limited by the pressing wall of the upper cover 1 and will not produce vertical movement or shaking. Therefore, the two can fit tightly and stably complete synchronous rotation. This is the meshing locking design of this patent. The inclination angle of the meshing surface and the inclination angle of the upper and lower contact surfaces can be designed and adjusted according to the requirements of force and stroke size. Example 2:

[0036] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a main power switch and its application in vehicles. It has a compact structure, flexible installation, accurate control, multiple status feedbacks, and good protection performance.

[0037] The main power switch includes: an upper cover 1, an upper housing 5, and a lower housing 6, which are connected in sequence to form a closed cavity structure to house the entire mechanical and electrical functional components.

[0038] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, a wire guide cylinder 52 is provided inside the upper cover 1 for the wire 4 to be led out. The cylinder is provided with an outer vertical roller pair 3, a transverse roller pair 36 and an inner vertical roller pair 40 in sequence, which are used to guide, reduce friction and limit the wire during the pulling process. The wire guide cylinder is also provided with an anti-wear flange 2 on the outside. Its outlet is covered with a waterproof and dustproof rubber cover 34, and is provided with a wire guide cylinder sealing opening 66, a conical elastic section 69, a nylon protective tube 70 and an adapter sealing ring 71 in sequence, so as to achieve waterproof, dustproof and limit the wire outlet.

[0039] One end of the steel wire 4 passes through the steel wire channel hole 53 and is fixed in the steel wire fixing point receiving chamber 10 on the upper gear plate 26, and the other end is connected to the pull ring handle 32 through the pull ring end nylon sleeve 33 for remote operation and traction by the driver.

[0040] The upper toothed disc 26 is located in the upper toothed disc compression torsion spring receiving chamber 9, and a compression torsion spring 15 is installed on its upper surface. After the traction is released, it is used to drive the upper toothed disc to reset. The lower surface of the upper toothed disc is provided with a biting tooth 47, which meshes with the corresponding biting tooth 50 on the lower toothed disc 25 to form an inclined biting surface 44, which is used to drive the lower toothed disc to rotate clockwise and slip out when resetting in the reverse direction.

[0041] The lower gear disk 25 is provided with a lower gear disk flange 38 and a sealing O-ring 46 on the edge for sealing with the lower housing; a switch pressure tooth 19 is provided at its center, which is used to press into the floating seat 21 below during rotation to achieve conduction or release.

[0042] The floating seat 21 is slidably connected to the upper housing via the motion guide groove 48 and can only move up and down. A shorting bar 45 is installed in the transverse slot inside, with metal contacts at both ends. It is pressed against the main switch contact 23 below by the shorting clamping spring 20, so that electrical connection is achieved when the conduction position 24 is pressed down, and the conduction is interrupted when the disconnection position 51 floats up.

[0043] A reset spring 22 is provided below the floating seat 21, which is used to spring back to the upper position after the switch pressure tooth 19 is released.

[0044] The bottom of the lower housing 6 is equipped with two wiring studs 13, which are respectively connected to the vehicle battery terminal and the load terminal. An isolation plate 14 is provided between the two to prevent accidental short circuit.

[0045] Inside the upper housing 5 or its surrounding wall 18, there is also a reset limit block 54 and a position limit block 56 for positioning the upper gear plate, to prevent the upper gear plate from moving too far.

[0046] To provide sound and tactile feedback, a rattle 16 is provided inside the upper gear plate 26. It is pressed by the rattle fixing screw 37 and the internal spring. During the reset movement of the upper gear plate, it meshes with the groove 49 of the lower gear plate to produce a "clicking" sound and vibration.

[0047] In the indicator section, the enclosed cavity is also equipped with LED indicator lights 59 and indicator light controllers 61. The controller is connected to the LEDs via indicator light control lines 160 and 265 to control different color states; it is also connected to terminal stud 13 via detection lines 63 and 64 of terminal stud 1, and the status of the shorting bar is detected via detection line 62; the indicator light grounding wire 58 is connected to the metal fixing hole 7, and forms a grounding circuit with the mounting bracket 28 and the main beam 30 via fixing bolts 57.

[0048] In the vehicle structure, the main power switch is installed to the mounting bracket 28 via the bracket switch fixing hole 31, and then connected to the inner side of the frame beam 30 via the bracket beam fixing hole 29. The pull ring handle 32 is located in an easily accessible position on the side of the driver's seat, and an observation hole is provided on the beam facing the indicator light area for easy viewing of the on / off or alarm status.

[0049] The power cord 12 is connected to the power cord terminal 11 and is used to introduce or output the main power supply of the vehicle. Example 3:

[0050] Based on Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a wiring method for vehicle light signals, such as... Figure 14 As shown, pin 1 of the internal indicator controller detects the voltage value of the wiring stud 131, pin 3 detects the voltage value of the wiring stud 132, pin 2 detects the voltage value of the shorting block 45, pin 4 is connected to the first color control pin of the multi-color LED indicator 59, and pin 5 is connected to the second color control pin. If there are other colors, pin 6 and more pins can be reserved for output control. The common ground wire of the multi-color LED indicator 59 is connected to the metal wall of the fixing hole. When the fixing bolt 57 fixes the switch to the bracket and the main beam, the bolt will form a ground wire conduction circuit with the metal wall of the fixing hole, the bracket and the main beam, and the lead-acid battery ground wire.

[0051] 5.21 Wiring Method: The lead-acid battery power supply terminal can be installed on either terminal 131 or 2, depending on the location of the switch. The indicator light controller inside the switch can automatically determine which terminal 13 is connected to the power supply terminal and which is connected to the power output terminal based on the voltage detection when the switch is powered on. Either pin 1 or 3 can provide working power to the indicator light controller and start normal indication and control work. In the non-connected state, that is, only one of pins 1 and 3 has voltage and pin 2 is not energized, the pin with voltage is determined to be the power supply terminal, and the other end is the power output terminal, and vice versa.

[0052] If the wiring method is changed in the future, the indicator light controller inside the switch will re-determine the wiring method after each complete power-off (both terminal screws 13 are de-energized) and power-on.

[0053] 5.22 Abnormal Power Supply: If, when the switch is off, there is voltage on detection pins 1 and 3 corresponding to the bolts on both sides, but no voltage or signal is detected on pin 45 of the No. 2 shorting pin because it is not connected to the wiring bolts corresponding to pins 1 and 3, then the power supply output is abnormally powered. If there is a difference in voltage between the two wiring bolts, it can be determined that the voltage is abnormal, such as due to short circuit or failure of the generator or DC-DC converter to disconnect.

[0054] Meanwhile, if the shorting pin 45 is welded to the terminal of a wiring bolt and cannot be detached, and if it is welded to the power supply line terminal, then pin 2 of the shorting pin 45 will always be energized, while pin 3 will be disconnected and de-energized.

[0055] If the contacts of the output terminals corresponding to pin 3 of the shorting busbar are soldered together, then pin 2 will not have power.

[0056] If the contacts corresponding to the shorting pin 45 and the two terminal studs 13 are all welded together, then 1-3 will always be energized, and the power indicator light will always be on and unable to be de-energized. The welding result can be judged by the light.

[0057] When there is a power failure, the multi-color LED indicator 59 will flash blue (the color and display status can be adjusted as needed).

[0058] 5.23 Positive and Negative Control: This embodiment describes the implementation using a positive control method, where terminal blocks 131 and 2 are connected to the positive power supply terminal and output terminal of the lead-acid battery, respectively. In this case, pins 1-3 of the indicator light controller detect the 24V battery voltage. When there is power, the corresponding pin voltage detection signal is valid; when there is no power, the corresponding pin voltage detection signal is invalid. Pins 4-5 are then controlled to output a control voltage, which controls the corresponding color indicator lights to illuminate according to a set pattern. The operating voltage of the indicator light controller comes from the power supply voltage provided by the corresponding terminal block 13. However, if a negative control method is used, where the switch disconnects the negative terminal of the battery (or ground), an additional positive power supply is required for the switch to operate the chip and detect the continuity of the terminal blocks to ground. In this case, a dedicated model is required, providing a working power interface and hardware or software matching the new indicator light controller to meet the ground detection and power supply requirements of the negative control method.

[0059] 5.24 Voltage Platform Determination: Common vehicle voltage levels are 12V and 24V, while the voltage ranges are respectively... 12-volt vehicles: 12V to 14.7V, maintaining around 13V during startup and operation.

[0060] 24-volt vehicles: voltage between 23.6V and 25.6V, and between 27V and 29V during startup and operation.

[0061] Therefore, this switch indicator controller can operate normally with a wide input power range of 0-36V. Upon startup (when pins 1-3 are energized and have the same voltage, indicating power supply, and all are within the specified voltage range, indicating the corresponding platform; simultaneously, the voltage detection pin can detect the rectified waveform of the generated voltage, indicating it is in power generation mode), the generator or DC-DC operating voltage range falls within the startup voltage range value. This is used as the operating voltage level determination indicator and recorded in the chip. Unless the device is subsequently removed and installed on a vehicle with a different voltage platform (both terminal blocks 13 are de-energized), and the startup voltage determination process is used to correctly rewrite and modify the voltage platform memory state, the previously written platform value can be reused. The voltage range corresponding to the current voltage platform is used as the basis for voltage platform determination and power status detection.

[0062] 5.25 Power Status Detection: When the switch is on, assuming the terminal bolt corresponding to pin 1 is the power supply terminal of the lead-acid battery, the voltage will be transmitted through the jumper pin 45 to pin 2 to detect the battery voltage, and then to the terminal bolt corresponding to pin 3. That is, pins 1-3 will all detect the same voltage value, which is the battery voltage, and the battery voltage value can be accurately determined. When the switch is off, the jumper pin 45 moves upward, pin 2 will be floating, pin 1 will show the battery voltage, and pin 3 will be floating. Unless the battery voltage is low, there should be no other abnormal state. (The color or illumination status of the indicator light can be adjusted according to actual needs.) Pins 4 or 5 can be defined as blue or green respectively, and both can be illuminated simultaneously as yellow. Pin 6 can also be set to red, allowing for more color display functions through various combinations.

[0063] Normal conduction: When the switch is turned on and conduction is complete, and the voltage platform is normal, the voltage detection meets the normal state and there is no power loss, the indicator light will be constantly green.

[0064] Normal disconnection: When the switch is not open and is in the open circuit state, and the voltage platform is normal and the voltage detection is in normal condition and not underpowered, the indicator light will flash green.

[0065] Low-voltage conduction: When the switch is turned on and the voltage platform is normal, if the voltage detection is lower than the normal voltage range and low-voltage occurs, the indicator light will be constantly lit in blue.

[0066] Low voltage disconnect: When the switch is not open and is in the open circuit state, and the voltage platform is normal, if the voltage detection is lower than the normal voltage range and low voltage is detected, the indicator light will flash blue.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main power switch, characterized in that, include: The upper cover (1), the upper shell (5), and the lower shell (6) are connected in sequence to form a closed cavity; The enclosed cavity is provided with an upper toothed disc (26) and a lower toothed disc (25) that mesh with each other, a floating seat (21) that slides and engages with the lower toothed disc (25), a shorting bar (45) inserted in the floating seat (21), and a main switch contact (23) that is movably connected to the shorting bar (45); the upper surface of the upper toothed disc (26) is connected to one end of a steel wire (4) through a fixed rotating shaft, the steel wire (4) is used to pull the upper toothed disc (26) to rotate, and a compression torsion spring (15) is installed on the surface of the upper toothed disc (26) to provide a restoring force after the traction force is lost. The lower end of the floating seat (21) is provided with a reset spring (22) for resetting. The lower gear disk (25) is provided with switch pressing teeth (19) on its surface. The lower gear disk (25) presses down on the floating seat (21) through the switch pressing teeth (19), and the floating seat (21) after the pressing action connects the shorting bar (45) with the main contact (23) of the switch. The upper cover (1) is provided with a positioning limit block (56) and a reset limit block (54) to limit the rotation of the upper gear disk (26).

2. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating seat (21) has a through slot on its side wall, the shorting bar (45) is installed in the slot, and a shorting compression spring (20) is provided between the shorting bar (45) and the slot.

3. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the upper toothed disc (26) is provided with an inner cavity, and a rattle (16) is installed in the inner cavity. The mating surfaces of the lower toothed disc (25) and the upper toothed disc (26) are provided with a plurality of grooves (49), which are used to cooperate with the rattle (16).

4. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shorting bar (45) has metal contacts at both ends. The shorting bar (45) uses a shorting compression spring (20) to press the metal contacts against the main contact (23) of the switch to achieve conduction.

5. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch pressure tooth (19) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the floating seat (21); the inner wall of the floating seat (21) is provided with a disconnect position (51) and a conduction position (24), and a climbing slope is provided between the disconnect position (51) and the conduction position (24), and the conduction position (24) is configured as a slot structure that engages with the switch pressure tooth (19); The lower gear disc (25) is also provided with a sealing O-ring (46) on its edge.

6. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper toothed disc (26) and the lower toothed disc (25) are engaged by bite teeth (47), which have an inclined bite surface.

7. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed shaft end of the steel wire (4) is provided with a guide structure; The outgoing structure includes: an outer vertical ball pair, an inner vertical ball pair, and a transverse ball pair; the transverse ball pair is disposed between the outer vertical ball pair and the inner vertical ball pair, and the steel wire (4) is respectively inserted between the outer vertical ball pair, the inner vertical ball pair, and the transverse ball pair. The surface of the outlet structure is provided with a waterproof and dustproof rubber cover (34).

8. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the floating seat (21) is provided with a vertically oriented motion guide groove (48), and the floating seat (21) is slidably connected to the closed cavity through the motion guide groove (48).

9. The main power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main contact (23) of the switch is provided on the wiring stud (13), the closed cavity is provided with wiring studs (13) for connecting to the power supply, and the wiring studs (13) are provided with isolation plates (14).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Equipped with a main power switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the main power switch being mounted inside the main beam (30) of the vehicle via a mounting bracket (28); The main power switch is equipped with a voltage detection controller and LED indicator (59).

Images