Air exhaust feeding type seeding detection system and high-frequency seed flow precision counting detection method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly discloses a set-exhaust-feed type seeding detection system, which comprises a set-exhaust-feed type seeder, and each seed guide pipe end of the set-exhaust-feed type seeder is connected with a seed discharge detection device; the seed discharge detection device comprises an encapsulation shell, the upper end of the encapsulation shell is connected with a flow divider, the lower end of the encapsulation shell is provided with a seed discharge port, the lower end of the flow divider is connected with an ordered expansion spiral pipe located in the encapsulation shell, the bottom of the ordered expansion spiral pipe is provided with a detection sensor, and the detection sensor is electrically connected with a processing system; through the special design of the seed discharge detection device, originally single-row high-frequency disordered seed flow can be divided into multiple low-frequency ordered seed flows, one of the low-frequency ordered seed flows is counted, and then the overall number of the whole single-row high-frequency seed flow can be represented; compared with the existing counting detection device and mode, the set-exhaust-feed type seeding detection system can significantly improve the accuracy and real-time performance of high-frequency seed detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically discloses an exhaust-driven seeding detection system and a high-frequency seed flow precision counting detection method. Background Technology

[0002] A pneumatic air-assisted seeder is a type of seeder that uses airflow generated by a fan to transport seeds through seed conveying pipes to a distribution device, which then distributes the seeds to individual seed pipes to complete the sowing process. This type of seeding machinery is widely used in high-frequency wheat seeding. However, during pneumatic high-frequency wheat seeding, the seed particles collide continuously with the pipe walls under the action of airflow, resulting in turbulent seed flow and overlapping seed fall. The traditional method of using photoelectric sensors at the end of the seed pipes for detection suffers from problems such as low detection accuracy and poor stability.

[0003] Application No. 202410041811.X discloses a precision wheat seeding monitoring system for smart farms, including a seeding device mounted on a seeder. The seeding device includes a seed bin, a seeding tube connecting the seed bin and a furrow opener, a spiral groove seed metering device inside the seeding tube near the seed bin, and an optical fiber sensor for monitoring the seeding quantity mounted on the seeding tube near the outlet of the spiral groove seed metering device. This patented seeding monitoring system uses an optical fiber sensor on the seeding tube for counting and detecting the seeding quantity. However, when used with a combined air-feed seeder, the high-frequency, disordered movement of the seed flow leads to inaccurate detection.

[0004] For example, invention patent application number 201910966925.4 discloses a small-diameter seed particle flow counting sensor device suitable for high-frequency seeding, including an inner shell, a multi-channel splitter, a seed collection tube, a packaged outer shell, a laser detection and counting component, multiple upper seed guide tubes, and multiple lower seed guide tubes. This patent utilizes a multi-channel splitter to divide the high-frequency small-diameter seed flow into multiple low-frequency seed flows, and then uses a laser detection counter to count and detect the low-frequency seed flow in each branch. Compared to directly counting and detecting the high-frequency seed flow, this method offers a certain improvement in detection accuracy. However, this multi-channel splitter can only convert the high-frequency seed flow into a low-frequency seed flow. The seed flow delivered by a combined exhaust-type seeder is not only high-frequency, but more importantly, its movement is disordered and chaotic. Even after the seed flow is converted to a low frequency, its disordered movement still results in low detection accuracy. Furthermore, the overall structure of the multi-channel splitter in this patent is similar to that of existing seed splitting devices. Only when the seed flow is uniformly introduced along the central axis of the seed inlet tube can the uniform splitting of the seed flow be guaranteed. However, because the seed flow delivered by the combined exhaust-type seeder is disordered and chaotic, it is impossible to effectively guarantee the uniformity of the seed flow in each branch after splitting. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a counting sensor in each branch for online detection, resulting in a large number of sensors in the entire detection system, which further leads to excessively high cost of the entire detection system.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of existing seed detection technologies for air-collecting and air-blowing seeders, this application proposes an air-collecting and air-blowing seed detection system and a method for accurate counting and detection of high-frequency seed flow for precise monitoring of high-frequency and high-speed seed flow and expansion of particle spacing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined air-blown seeding detection system and a high-frequency seed flow precision counting detection method to solve the technical problems and shortcomings of existing methods for detecting the seeding rate of combined air-blown seeders.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A combined air-blowing seeding detection system includes a combined air-blowing seeder, wherein each seed guide tube of the combined air-blowing seeder is connected to a seed metering detection device that transforms a single row of high-frequency disordered seed flow into multiple low-frequency ordered seed flows. The seeding detection device includes a packaged shell, with a diversion and reconstruction device connected to the upper end of the packaged shell and a seeding port provided at the lower end of the packaged shell. The diversion and reconstruction device includes a diversion component and an ordered expansion solenoid. The ordered expansion solenoid is connected to the lower end of the diversion component, and a detection sensor is provided at the bottom of the ordered expansion solenoid. The detection sensor is electrically connected to a processing system. The diversion component includes a diversion pipe consisting of a connecting section, a diffusion diversion section, and a seed outlet section. A diversion baffle is centrally located inside the diffusion diversion section near the connecting section. The seed outlet section is divided into four diversion channels by multiple partition plates arranged equidistantly along the width direction. The upper end of the ordered expansion-pitch solenoid is connected to one of the diversion channels. The connecting section is cylindrical and connected to the end of the seed delivery tube. The diffusion and diversion section gradually widens and is flat and trapezoidal. The seed outlet section is rectangular and connected to the lower end of the diffusion and diversion section.

[0008] As a specific feature of the above scheme, an upper cover plate is provided in the upper opening of the encapsulation shell, the diverter is obliquely inserted through the upper cover plate and fixedly installed, and an encapsulation base is provided at the lower end of the encapsulation shell, and a seeding pipe connected to the seeding port is provided on the encapsulation base.

[0009] As a specific feature of the above scheme, the cross-section of the diversion baffle is any one of a circle, ellipse, teardrop shape or isosceles triangle, and the diversion baffle is concentrically set with the pipe section along the vertical line of the diffusion diversion section width direction.

[0010] As a specific feature of the above scheme, the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid is a helical configuration with a fixed pitch.

[0011] As a specific feature of the above scheme, the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid is a helical configuration with variable pitch, and the pitch of the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0012] As a specific feature of the above scheme, the detection sensor is a window-type fiber optic sensor.

[0013] As a specific configuration of the above scheme, the air-feeding seeder includes a frame, a seed box, a seed supply device, a fan, a seed delivery pipe, a seed distribution device, and a seed guide pipe. The seed box is installed at the upper end of the frame, the seed supply device is connected to the lower end of the seed box, the fan is connected to one end of the seed supply device, the two ends of the seed delivery pipe are respectively connected to the seed supply device and the seed distribution device, and the two ends of the seed guide pipe are respectively connected to the seed distribution device and the seed metering detection device.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for accurate counting and detection of high-frequency seed flow based on the above-mentioned air-collecting and air-feeding seed detection system, which includes the following steps: (1) The seeds are evenly fed into each seed tube by a combined air-feeding seeder; (2) The high-frequency seed flow is then introduced into the seed metering detection device by the seed guide tube. The high-frequency seed flow is first divided into four equal paths by the flow divider, and one of the seed flows enters the ordered expansion pitch solenoid. The ordered expansion pitch solenoid processes the seed flow to form a low-frequency ordered transport seed flow. (3) The seed flow of low-frequency ordered transport is counted by the detection sensor before it is discharged from the bottom of the ordered expansion solenoid, and the data is transmitted to the processing system; (4) The processing system processes the seed flow data detected in the ordered extended pitch solenoid, and finally multiplies the seed flow data by four to obtain the count detection data that can characterize the total number of high-frequency seed flows in the seed tube.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a combined pneumatic and pneumatic seeding detection system that uses a specially structured seed metering detection device to process high-frequency disordered seed streams. First, the original single-row high-frequency seed stream is evenly divided into four seed streams by a diverter in the seed metering detection device. Then, one of these seed streams is fed into an ordered expansion-spacing solenoid. Under the synergistic effect of pneumatic force and the ordered expansion-spacing solenoid, the seed particles move in a circular motion along the tube wall, gradually increasing the spacing between adjacent particles to form an ordered low-frequency seed stream. Finally, the low-frequency seed stream passes orderly through the detection area of ​​the detection sensor, which performs precise counting. The number of seed streams detected in one path can represent the total number of seeds in the entire single-row high-frequency seed stream. Compared with existing counting detection devices and methods, this system significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of high-frequency seed counting detection, while also reducing the overall system cost.

[0016] The seed metering detection device disclosed in this invention, with its diverting component and ordered expansion-pitch solenoid, does not alter the sowing process, nor does it require modification of key sowing components. It does not affect the sowing performance of the air-feeding seeder itself, providing technical support for real-time detection of high-frequency seed flow and improving sowing quality. Furthermore, the diverting and reconfiguration seed metering detection device features a compact design, low cost, high integration, and easy installation, making it compatible with various seeder types. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the seed detection device in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the seeding detection device in this invention; Figure 4This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper cover plate, the flow divider, and the ordered expansion solenoid in this invention from the first angle. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the upper cover plate, the flow divider, and the ordered expansion solenoid in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper cover plate and the diversion component in this invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the appendix... Figures 1-7 This application will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments. Example 1

[0021] Example 1 discloses a combined exhaust and ventilation seeding detection system, the overall structure of which is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The system includes a frame 1 for wheat sowing, a seed box 2, a seed supply device 3, a fan (not shown in the figure), a seed delivery pipe 4, a seed separating device 5, a seed guide pipe 6, and a seed metering detection device 8. The seed box 2 is installed at the upper end of the frame 1. The seed supply device 3 is connected to the lower end of the seed box 2. The fan is connected to one end of the seed supply device 3 via an air delivery pipe. The two ends of the seed delivery pipe 4 are connected to the seed supply device 3 and the seed separating device 5, respectively. One end of multiple seed guide pipes 6 is evenly connected circumferentially to the upper outer surface of the seed separating device 5, and the other end is connected to multiple seed metering detection devices 8 one by one. These seed metering detection devices 8 are arranged in a row on the horizontal frame 7 at the lower front end of the frame 1. In this specific design, fourteen seed guide pipes 6 and fourteen seed metering detection devices 8 are provided, and they are connected one by one.

[0022] Reference Appendix Figures 2-6The seed metering and detection device 8 includes a housing 801, with a top cover 802 installed at the upper opening of the housing 801 and a housing base 808 at the lower end of the housing 801. The housing base 808 has a seed metering port, and a seed metering tube 809 is installed at the seed metering port. The seed metering tube 809 can gather the detected seed stream together with other seed streams, and finally discharge them together through the seed metering tube 809 to complete the sowing process.

[0023] A diverter 803, inclined and extending into the encapsulation housing 801, is provided in the upper cover plate 802. The diverter 803 consists of a connecting section 8031, a diffusion diverter section 8032, and a seed outlet section 8033. A diverter baffle 804 is centrally located inside the diffusion diverter section 8032, near the connecting section 8031. Three partition plates 805 are evenly spaced along the width of the seed outlet section 8033, dividing it into four diverting channels. An ordered expansion solenoid 806 is connected to the bottom of one of the diverting channels. Finally, a detection sensor 807 is installed at the bottom of the ordered expansion solenoid 806 to count and detect one of the seed streams after diversion.

[0024] In its specific design, the detection sensor 807 is preferably a window-type fiber optic sensor, which is installed inside the encapsulation housing 801 and positioned within 0.5 mm of the bottom of the ordered expansion solenoid 806. The window-type fiber optic sensor accurately records the number of seeds passing through the ordered expansion solenoid 806, and then feeds the acquired signal back to the processing system via a data cable. The processing system then performs corresponding processing to promptly report the number of detected seed streams.

[0025] In the specific design, the connecting pipe section 8031 ​​in this embodiment 1 is cylindrical and connected to the end of the seed guide tube 6. The diffusion and diversion section 8032 is set to gradually widen and has a flat trapezoidal shape. The seed outlet section 8033 is set to be rectangular and integrally connected to the end of the diffusion and diversion section 8032. In the specific design, the diversion baffle 804 has a cross-section of any of the following shapes: circular, elliptical, teardrop-shaped, isosceles triangle, etc., and the diversion baffle 804 is concentrically set with the connecting pipe section 8031 ​​along the perpendicular bisector of the width direction of the diffusion and diversion section 8032. Through the special design of the diverter, the single-line high-frequency seed flow entering from the pipe section 8031 ​​is limited and guided by the inner wall of the diffusion diverter section 8032 and the diverter baffle 804, as well as the collisions between the seed particles. This causes the originally single-line high-frequency disordered seed flow to split into four uniform seed flows along the width of the diffusion diverter section 8032. One of the seed flows enters the ordered expansion solenoid 806. Under the combined action of the airflow and the ordered expansion solenoid 806, the seed particles in this flow move in a circular motion along the pipe wall and gradually increase the spacing between adjacent particles to form an ordered low-frequency seed flow. Finally, the detection sensor 807 counts and detects the flow.

[0026] Furthermore, the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid 806 in this embodiment 1 can be configured as a fixed-pitch helix or a variable-pitch helix. When the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid 806 is a fixed-pitch helix, its helix angle is set between 23.3° and 49.7°, and the specific helix angle is determined by the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid 806; while when the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid 806 is a variable-pitch helix, its pitch is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the seed particles can move along its inner wall after entering the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid 806, and then the interval between two adjacent seeds in the seed flow becomes larger and larger.

[0027] In the operation of the air-feeding seed detection system disclosed in Embodiment 1, the seed supply device 3 discharges a quantitative amount of seeds from the seed box 2, and then, under the action of the high-speed airflow generated by the fan, the seeds enter the seed distribution device 5 along the seed delivery pipe 4. After being evenly distributed inside the seed distribution device 5, the seeds enter the seed guide pipe 6, and then the evenly distributed seed flow enters the seed discharge detection device 8.

[0028] The seed stream fed into the seed guide tube 6, upon entering the diverter 803, is subjected to the combined action of the diverter baffle 804 and the inner wall of the diverter 803. This splits the original single-row high-frequency seed stream into four uniformly distributed seed streams along the width of the diffusion diverter section 8032. One of these seed streams enters the ordered expansion solenoid 806, with approximately one-quarter of the single-row high-frequency seed stream entering the solenoid 806. This fourth seed stream then enters the ordered expansion solenoid 806, where the spacing between the seed streams gradually increases and they move in an orderly manner along the inner wall. After the spacing and orderly movement are adjusted, the seeds are counted one by one by the detection sensor 807, effectively preventing missed or false detections due to insufficient spacing or disordered movement of the seed stream. In this embodiment 1, the total number of seeds delivered to each seed guide tube 6 can be accurately measured by counting the number of seeds in the ordered expansion solenoid 806 and then multiplying the count by 4. Finally, the seeds discharged from the lower end of the ordered expansion solenoid 806 and those discharged directly from other diversion channels on the diversion member 803 will re-aggregate and be discharged from the seed discharge tube 809 for sowing.

[0029] In addition, to verify the effectiveness of the seed metering detection device in this embodiment 1 in detecting high-frequency seed flow in a combined air-feeding seeder, the following related experiments were conducted.

[0030] Experiment 1: To demonstrate that Example 1 still has high feasibility under different wind speeds and different average seeding speeds, the following feasibility experiment was conducted, and the measured characterization accuracy data are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

[0031] The number of wheat seeds detected by the seed-rearing detection device is represented by the number of wheat seeds (S) in the row, while the window-type fiber optic sensor detects the number of seeds (s) passing through the ordered expansion-spacing solenoid (where S≈4s). Accuracy calculation formula: ; In the table, the system uses a microcontroller to calculate the total number of seed particles detected in a single row, K (K=4k), based on the number k of seed particles detected at the outlet of the ordered extended-pitch solenoid. The formula for calculating the detection accuracy is: .

[0032] Table 1: The characterization accuracy of this Example 1 at different seeding speeds under a wind speed of 18 m / s.

[0033] Table 2: The characterization accuracy of this Example 1 at different seeding speeds under a wind speed of 24 m / s.

[0034] Experiment 2: To simulate the reliability of the device when the machine is in a non-horizontal state under field sowing conditions, the adaptability tests shown in Tables 3 and 4 below were conducted.

[0035] Table 3: The accuracy of characterization of different device tilt angles at a seeding speed of 30 r / min in Example 1.

[0036] Table 4: The characterization accuracy of different device tilt angles at a seeding speed of 60 r / min in Example 1.

[0037] Experiment 3: This experiment compares the detection effect of Example 1 with that of directly installing a window-type fiber optic sensor at the lower end of the seed tube for seed detection (i.e., the control group). During the experiment, the seeding time and wind speed were kept the same, and the seeding frequency was the only variable. The experimental data are shown in Tables 5 and 6 below.

[0038] Table 5: Detection accuracy of the control group at different spawning frequencies.

[0039] Table 6: Detection accuracy of Example 1 at different seeding frequencies

[0040] Experiment 4: To verify that Example 1 still has good detection effect under high-speed seeding operation environment, the detection accuracy test shown in Table 7 below was carried out.

[0041] Table 7: Detection accuracy of Example 1 at different seeding frequencies

[0042] The data from Experiment 1 fully demonstrates that Embodiment 1 is highly feasible for characterizing the seed metering detection effect of machinery; the data from Experiment 2 fully demonstrates that Embodiment 1 still has good reliability when simulating field sowing operation environment; the data from Experiment 3 fully demonstrates that Embodiment 1 has a higher detection accuracy compared with the traditional fiber optic seed metering detection scheme; the data from Experiment 4 fully demonstrates that Embodiment 1 has a detection accuracy of over 80% when used for high-frequency seed flow seed metering detection, verifying that Embodiment 1 can be used for high-frequency seed flow seed metering detection.

[0043] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined air-blowing and air-purifying seeding and detection system, comprising a combined air-blowing and air-purifying seeder, characterized in that, Each seed tube in the air-collecting and air-discharging seeder is connected to a seed flow detection device that transforms a single row of high-frequency disordered seed flow into multiple low-frequency ordered seed flows. The seeding detection device includes a packaged shell, with a diversion and reconstruction device connected to the upper end of the packaged shell and a seeding port provided at the lower end of the packaged shell. The diversion and reconstruction device includes a diversion component and an ordered expansion solenoid. The ordered expansion solenoid is connected to the lower end of the diversion component, and a detection sensor is provided at the bottom of the ordered expansion solenoid. The detection sensor is electrically connected to a processing system. The diversion component includes a diversion pipe consisting of a connecting section, a diffusion diversion section, and a seed outlet section. A diversion baffle is centrally located inside the diffusion diversion section near the connecting section. The seed outlet section is divided into four diversion channels by multiple partition plates arranged equidistantly along the width direction. The upper end of the ordered expansion-pitch solenoid is connected to one of the diversion channels. The connecting section is cylindrical and connected to the end of the seed delivery tube. The diffusion and diversion section gradually widens and is flat and trapezoidal. The seed outlet section is rectangular and connected to the lower end of the diffusion and diversion section.

2. The air-collecting and ventilation-type seeding and detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An upper cover plate is provided in the upper opening of the encapsulation shell, and the diverter is fixedly installed through the upper cover plate at an incline. An encapsulation base is provided at the lower end of the encapsulation shell, and a seeding pipe connected to the seeding port is provided on the encapsulation base.

3. The air-collecting and ventilation-type seeding and detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the diversion baffle is any one of circular, elliptical, teardrop-shaped, or isosceles triangle, and the diversion baffle is concentrically set with the pipe section along the vertical line in the width direction of the diffusion diversion section.

4. The air-collecting and ventilation-type seeding and detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ordered pitch-expanding solenoid is a helical arrangement with a fixed pitch.

5. The air-collecting and ventilation-type seeding and detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ordered pitch-expanding solenoid is a helical configuration with a variable pitch, and the pitch of the ordered pitch-expanding solenoid gradually decreases from top to bottom.

6. The air-collecting and ventilation-type seeding and detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection sensor is a window-type fiber optic sensor.

7. The air-collecting and ventilation-type seeding and detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-feeding seeder includes a frame, a seed box, a seed supply device, a fan, a seed delivery pipe, a seed distribution device, and a seed guide pipe. The seed box is installed at the upper end of the frame, the seed supply device is connected to the lower end of the seed box, the fan is connected to one end of the seed supply device, the two ends of the seed delivery pipe are connected to the seed supply device and the seed distribution device respectively, and the two ends of the seed guide pipe are connected to the seed distribution device and the seed metering detection device respectively.

8. A method for accurate counting and detection of high-frequency seed flow based on the combined exhaust and ventilation seeding detection system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) The seeds are evenly fed into each seed tube by a combined air-feeding seeder; (2) The high-frequency seed flow is then introduced into the seed metering detection device by the seed guide tube. The high-frequency seed flow is first divided into four equal paths by the flow divider, and one of the seed flows enters the ordered expansion pitch solenoid. The ordered expansion pitch solenoid processes the seed flow to form a low-frequency ordered transport seed flow. (3) The seed flow of low-frequency ordered transport is counted by the detection sensor before it is discharged from the bottom of the ordered expansion solenoid, and the data is transmitted to the processing system; (4) The processing system processes the seed flow data detected in the ordered extended pitch solenoid, and finally multiplies the seed flow data by four to obtain the count detection data that can characterize the total number of high-frequency seed flows in the seed tube.

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