Bolt dismounting and mounting clamping mechanism, bolt dismounting and mounting device and bolt automatic dismounting and mounting equipment

Abstract

The application provides a bolt dismounting and mounting clamping mechanism, a bolt dismounting and mounting device and a bolt automatic dismounting and mounting equipment, and relates to the technical field of bolt dismounting and mounting. The bolt dismounting and mounting clamping mechanism comprises a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of shafts. Each baffle plate has a first end and a second end in its extension direction. Each baffle plate is provided with a baffle plate sliding groove. The plurality of shafts are respectively and slidingly connected to the baffle plate sliding grooves of the corresponding baffle plates. The plurality of baffle plates are circularly arranged and form a bolt head matching area. In the two adjacent baffle plates, the second end of one baffle plate extends into the baffle plate sliding groove of the other baffle plate and movably sheaths the corresponding shaft. When each shaft slides to one end of the corresponding baffle plate sliding groove close to the second end, the size of the bolt head matching area is the smallest. When each shaft slides to one end of the corresponding baffle plate sliding groove close to the first end, the size of the bolt head matching area is the largest. The bolt dismounting and mounting clamping mechanism can realize non-damage bolt dismounting and mounting and is suitable for bolts of different specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bolt disassembly and assembly technology, and more specifically, to a bolt disassembly and assembly clamping mechanism, a bolt disassembly and assembly device, and an automated bolt disassembly and assembly equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the current field of industrial production and equipment maintenance, bolts, as the most widely used detachable fasteners, face many challenging problems in their assembly and disassembly that urgently need to be overcome. Bolt assembly and disassembly generally employ wrench-like tools; that is, the wrench's jaws are placed over the bolt head to clamp it, and then the bolt is assembled or disassembled by rotating the wrench.

[0003] However, wrenches can only grip part of the bolt head, which can lead to unstable force on the bolt head during assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, the stress on the part of the bolt head in contact with the wrench is relatively high, meaning the bolt head is subject to significant localized stress and is prone to damage. Moreover, different wrenches are required for different bolt sizes, as the adaptability of the same type of wrench is poor, resulting in resource waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a bolt assembly / disassembly clamping mechanism, comprising multiple baffles and multiple shafts. Each baffle has a first end and a second end in its extending direction. Each baffle is provided with a plate groove, and the extending direction of the plate groove is consistent with the extending direction of the baffle. The multiple shafts are slidably connected to the plate grooves of the corresponding baffles. The multiple baffles are arranged in a circular array and enclose a bolt head matching area. In two adjacent baffles, the second end of one baffle extends into the plate groove of the other baffle and is movably fitted onto the corresponding shaft. When each shaft slides to the end of the corresponding plate groove near the second end of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area is minimized; when each shaft slides to the end of the corresponding plate groove near the first end of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area is maximized.

[0006] The bolt assembly and disassembly clamping mechanism provided by this invention has, but is not limited to, the following technical advantages compared to the prior art:

[0007] The shaft of the present invention is slidably connected to the sliding groove of the corresponding baffle, that is, the two are in a sliding fit relationship that cannot be separated or will not be accidentally separated; multiple baffles are distributed in a circular array, and these baffles can be combined to form a bolt head matching area around the bolt head of the bolt to be disassembled, that is, the bolt head of the bolt to be disassembled can be placed in the bolt head matching area.

[0008] In this design, the second end of one of any two adjacent baffles extends into the groove of the other baffle and is movably fitted onto the corresponding shaft. This allows the baffles to be sequentially connected rather than independent. Based on this, the bolt head matching area formed by these baffles is a 360° closed region, which can completely surround or cover the bolt head to be disassembled or assembled. Thus, each baffle forming the bolt head matching area can contact each peripheral side of the bolt head, achieving 360° all-around clamping of the bolt head. Therefore, when disassembling or installing a bolt that has been fully clamped, the bolt head experiences more stable and even force. Furthermore, the bolt head is subjected to force from all directions during disassembly or assembly, rather than localized force, achieving precise and damage-free bolt disassembly and assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, since the second end of one of any two adjacent baffles extends into the groove of the other baffle and is movably fitted onto the corresponding shaft, it can be seen that the second end of the baffle can not only slide along the corresponding shaft in the groove of the adjacent baffle, but the baffle can also rotate around the shaft in the groove of the adjacent baffle. Similarly, each baffle can also rotate around the shaft in its own groove. Through the coordination of multiple rotational and sliding degrees of freedom between any two adjacent baffles, it is possible to achieve the following: when the shaft in each baffle slides to the end of the groove near the second end of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area reaches its minimum; when the shaft in each baffle slides to the end of the groove near the first end of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area reaches its maximum. As can be seen, by adjusting the position of the shaft in each baffle, the size change of the bolt head matching area can be adjusted, thereby enabling the bolt disassembly and assembly clamping mechanism to adapt to the disassembly and assembly requirements of bolts of different specifications. When disassembling and assembling bolts of different specifications, the bolt disassembly and assembly clamping mechanism provided by this invention can be used without changing the disassembly and assembly tools, saving resources and significantly improving disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, in the extending direction of the baffle, the distance between the plate groove and the second end of the plate is greater than the distance between the plate groove and the first end of the plate;

[0011] And / or, the baffle includes a baffle body, a protrusion and a sleeve connected in sequence, the baffle is movably sleeved on the corresponding shaft through the sleeve, and the protrusion includes two clearance slopes arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the baffle. In the direction in which the protrusion gradually moves away from the baffle body, the distance between the two clearance slopes decreases, and the ends of the two clearance slopes away from the baffle body are respectively connected to the sleeve;

[0012] And / or, the shaft includes a cylindrical rod body and a guide block disposed at one end of the cylindrical rod body, and the cylindrical rod body and the guide block are rotatably connected relative to each other. The two opposite side walls of the guide block are in surface contact with the side walls corresponding to the plate groove. In two adjacent baffles, the second end of the plate of one baffle extends into the plate groove of the other baffle and is movably sleeved on the corresponding cylindrical rod body.

[0013] And / or, the number of the baffle and the number of the shaft are six each, and the bolt head matching area is used to match the hexagonal bolt head of the hexagonal bolt.

[0014] The present invention also provides a bolt removal and installation device, including the bolt removal and installation clamping mechanism as described above, and further including a base and a plurality of main slide blocks. The base is provided with main slide grooves, and the plurality of main slide grooves are distributed in a circumferential array. The extension directions of each main slide groove intersect at a set point of the base. The plurality of main slide blocks are slidably connected in the corresponding main slide grooves, wherein the ends of the plurality of shafts of the bolt removal and installation clamping mechanism that face the base extend out of the baffle and are connected to the corresponding main slide blocks.

[0015] Since the technical improvements and effects of the bolt removal and installation device are at least the same as those of the bolt removal and installation clamping mechanism, the bolt removal and installation device will not be described in detail here.

[0016] Furthermore, when each of the main sliders slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove near the set point, each of the shafts is at the end of the plate slide groove corresponding to the baffle near the second end of the plate; when each of the main sliders slides to the end of the main slide groove away from the set point, each of the shafts is at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove near the first end of the plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the bolt removal and installation device also includes multiple auxiliary sliders and multiple connecting rod assemblies. The base is also provided with auxiliary sliding grooves, and an auxiliary sliding groove is arranged between each two adjacent main sliding grooves. The extension directions of each main sliding groove and each auxiliary sliding groove intersect at the set point. The angle between each auxiliary sliding groove and its two adjacent main sliding grooves is the same. The multiple auxiliary sliders are slidably connected in their respective auxiliary sliding grooves. Each connecting rod assembly includes two connecting rods. One end of each connecting rod is hinged to a corresponding main slider, and the other end of each connecting rod is hinged to a corresponding auxiliary slider. The hinge axis of the two connecting rods and the main slider is collinear with the axis of the corresponding shaft. In the four connecting rods of two adjacent sets of connecting rod assemblies, the two connecting rods that are close to each other are collinear with the hinge axis of the auxiliary slider.

[0018] Furthermore, when each of the main sliders slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove that is close to the set point, each of the auxiliary sliders is at the end of the auxiliary slide groove that is close to the set point; when each of the main sliders slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove that is far from the set point, each of the auxiliary sliders is at the end of the auxiliary slide groove that is far from the set point.

[0019] Furthermore, the distance from the midpoint of the auxiliary slide to the set point is greater than the distance from the midpoint of the main slide to the set point, and the length of the auxiliary slide is less than the length of the main slide.

[0020] Furthermore, the bolt removal and installation device also includes a power telescopic component, one end of which is connected to the base and the other end of which is connected to the main slider, and the extension direction of the power telescopic component is consistent with the extension direction of the corresponding main slide groove; or, one end of the power telescopic component is connected to the base and the other end of which is connected to the auxiliary slider, and the extension direction of the power telescopic component is consistent with the extension direction of the corresponding auxiliary slide groove.

[0021] Furthermore, the bolt removal and installation device also includes a cover and a cover plate. The cover is placed on the base and connected to the base. The end of the cover away from the base is provided with a bolt inlet and outlet corresponding to the bolt head matching area. The cover plate is detachably placed on the bolt inlet and outlet.

[0022] The present invention also provides an automated bolt removal and installation device, including a robotic arm and a bolt removal and installation device as described above. The base of the bolt removal and installation device is installed at the end of the robotic arm, and the robotic arm is used to drive the bolt removal and installation device to rotate as a whole.

[0023] Since the technical improvements and effects of the automated bolt disassembly and assembly equipment are at least the same as those of the bolt disassembly and assembly device, the automated bolt disassembly and assembly equipment will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle and the shaft installed in the baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base of the bolt removal and installation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt removal and installation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, after the cover and cover plate are hidden.

[0028] Figure 5 This is an overall view of the bolt removal and installation device according to an embodiment of the present invention from one perspective.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt removal and installation device according to an embodiment of the present invention after the cover plate is hidden;

[0030] Figure 7 This is an overall view of the bolt removal and installation device according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt head matching area formed by the enclosing of multiple baffles in an embodiment of the present invention when the size is at its minimum.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt head matching area formed by the enclosing of multiple baffles in an embodiment of the present invention when the size is at its maximum.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt head matching area formed by multiple baffles in an embodiment of the present invention, where the size is between the minimum and maximum size.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Baffle; 1a. First end of the baffle; 1b. Second end of the baffle; 11. Baffle body; 111. Plate groove; 12. Protrusion; 121. Avoidance slope; 13. Sleeve; 2. Shaft; 21. Cylindrical rod body; 22. Guide block; 3. Base; 31. Main groove; 32. Auxiliary groove; 41. Main slider; 42. Auxiliary slider; 5. Linkage assembly; 51. Linkage; 6. Power telescopic component; 71. Cover; 711. Bolt inlet and outlet; 72. Cover plate; 8. Bolt head; 9. Power transmission component; 91. Tooth structure; 92. Threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fitting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0039] Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-down direction, with the positive Z-axis indicating up and the negative Z-axis indicating down. It should also be noted that the aforementioned Z-axis representation is merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0040] See Figures 1-2 as well as Figures 8-10 An embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembly and disassembly clamping mechanism, comprising multiple baffles 1 and multiple shafts 2. Each baffle 1 has a first end 1a and a second end 1b in its extending direction. Each baffle 1 is provided with a plate groove 111, and the extending direction of the plate groove 111 is consistent with the extending direction of the baffle 1. The multiple shafts 2 are slidably connected to the plate groove 111 of the corresponding baffle 1. The multiple baffles 1 are arranged in a circular array and enclose a bolt head matching area. In two adjacent baffles 1, the second end 1b of one baffle 1 extends into the plate groove 111 of the other baffle 1 and is movably sleeved on the corresponding shaft 2. When each shaft 2 slides to the end of the corresponding plate groove 111 near the second end 1b, the size of the bolt head matching area is the smallest. When each shaft 2 slides to the end of the corresponding plate groove 111 near the first end 1a, the size of the bolt head matching area is the largest.

[0041] In this embodiment, the shaft 2 is slidably connected to the plate groove 111 of the corresponding baffle 1, that is, the two are in a sliding fit relationship that cannot be separated or will not be accidentally separated; the multiple baffles 1 are distributed in a circular array, and these baffles 1 can form a bolt head matching area around the bolt head 8 of the bolt to be disassembled, that is, the bolt head 8 of the bolt to be disassembled can be placed in the bolt head matching area.

[0042] In any two adjacent baffles 1, the second end 1b of one baffle 1 extends into the sliding groove 111 of the other baffle 1 and is movably sleeved on the corresponding shaft 2. This allows the baffles 1 to be connected sequentially rather than being independent of each other. Based on this, the bolt head matching area formed by these baffles 1 is a 360° closed area. This closed bolt head matching area can fully surround or cover the bolt head 8 of the bolt to be disassembled or installed 360° on the outer periphery of the bolt head 8, unlike a traditional wrench which can only partially surround the bolt head 8 at about 270° on the outer periphery. In this way, each baffle 1 that encloses the bolt head matching area can contact each of the corresponding peripheral surfaces of the bolt head 8, so that these baffles 1 can clamp the bolt head 8 between them in a 360° all-round manner. It can be seen that when the bolt that has been clamped in all directions is twisted to disassemble or install, the bolt head 8 will be subjected to more stable and uniform force. In addition, the bolt head 8 of the bolt to be disassembled is subjected to force in all directions during disassembly and assembly, rather than local force, thus realizing precise and non-damaging disassembly and assembly of the bolt.

[0043] Furthermore, since the second end 1b of one of any two adjacent baffles 1 extends into the sliding groove 111 of the other baffle 1 and is movably fitted onto the corresponding shaft 2, it can be seen that the second end 1b of the baffle 1 can not only slide with the corresponding shaft 2 in the sliding groove 111 of the adjacent baffle 1, but the baffle 1 can also rotate around the shaft 2 in the sliding groove 111 of the adjacent baffle 1. Similarly, each baffle 1 can also rotate around the shaft 2 in its own sliding groove 111. Through the mutual coordination of the multiple rotational and sliding degrees of freedom between any two adjacent baffles 1, it is ultimately possible to achieve the minimum size of the bolt head matching area when the shaft 2 in each baffle 1 slides to the end of the sliding groove 111 near the second end 1b of the plate (e.g., Figure 8 As shown), when the shaft 2 in each baffle 1 slides to the end of the plate groove 111 near the first end 1a of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area reaches its maximum (as shown). Figure 9 (As shown).

[0044] As can be seen, by adjusting the position of the shaft 2 in each baffle 1, the size change of the bolt head matching area can be adjusted, thereby enabling the bolt disassembly and assembly clamping mechanism to adapt to the disassembly and assembly requirements of bolts of different specifications. When disassembling and assembling bolts of different specifications, the bolt disassembly and assembly clamping mechanism provided in this embodiment can be used without changing different disassembly and assembly tools, saving resources and time compared to changing different tools, and significantly improving disassembly and assembly efficiency.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, since any two adjacent baffles 1 are connected through corresponding shafts 2, the two adjacent baffles 1 are in a sliding fit relationship that cannot be disengaged or will not be accidentally disengaged. Therefore, these baffles 1 always form a 360° all-round bolt head matching area. The bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism composed of these baffles 1 and shafts 2 can be transported, transferred, and sold as a whole.

[0046] It should be noted that, specifically regarding the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism in this embodiment, after the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism covers the bolt head 8 to be disassembled or assembled, the position of the shaft 2 in each baffle 1 relative to the slide groove 111 of the corresponding plate can be manually adjusted until each baffle 1 abuts against the side of the corresponding bolt head 8. After that, the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism can be manually rotated as a whole to drive the clamped bolt head 8 to rotate, thereby realizing the disassembly or assembly of the bolt.

[0047] Optionally, see Figure 1 as well as Figures 8-10 There are six baffles 1 and six shafts 2. That is, there are six baffles 1 and six shafts 2. The bolt head matching area is used to match the hexagonal bolt head with the hexagonal bolt.

[0048] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 as well as Figures 8-10 As shown, when there are six baffles 1 and six shafts 2, the bolt head matching area formed by these baffles 1 is a regular hexagon, which can be matched with the hexagonal bolt head of a conventional hexagonal bolt for disassembly and assembly of the hexagonal bolt.

[0049] Of course, in other embodiments, the number of baffles 1 and shafts 2 can be four or five, etc. For example, when there are four baffles 1 and four shafts 2, the shape of the bolt head matching area formed by these baffles 1 is a regular quadrilateral, which can then match the square bolt head of the square bolt for disassembly and assembly of the square bolt.

[0050] Optionally, see Figure 1 as well as Figures 8-10 In the extending direction of the baffle 1, the distance between the plate groove 111 and the second end 1b of the plate is greater than the distance between the plate groove 111 and the first end 1a of the plate.

[0051] In this embodiment, it is understood that when each baffle 1 abuts against the corresponding side of the bolt head 8, specifically, the portion of each baffle 1 between two adjacent shafts 2 abuts against the corresponding side of the bolt head 8. Therefore, the position of the plate groove 111 is designed to be closer to the first end 1a of the plate, that is, the distance between the plate groove 111 and the second end 1b of the plate is greater than the distance between the plate groove 111 and the first end 1a of the plate. In this way, when the shaft 2 slides to the end of the plate groove 111 near the second end 1b of the plate, that is, when the size of the bolt head matching area is the smallest, the portion of the baffle 1 between two adjacent shafts 2 still has a certain length to match the bolt head 8 of the smallest specification bolt. The portion of the baffle 1 between its first end 1a and the plate groove 111 does not participate in contacting the bolt head 8. Therefore, the size of the portion of the baffle 1 between its first end 1a and the plate groove 111 is designed to be as small as possible, thereby reducing the overall size and space occupied by the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism.

[0052] When designing the baffle 1, the following aspects can also be considered: When the shaft 2 is at the end of the plate groove 111 near the second end 1b of the plate, this is the smallest bolt size that the clamping mechanism (short for bolt disassembly and assembly clamping mechanism) can disassemble and assemble. By measuring the closest distance between adjacent shafts 2 at this time, and the closest distance between adjacent shafts 2 at this time matching the side length of the bolt head 8 of the smallest bolt, the distance between the plate groove 111 of the baffle 1 and the second end 1b of the plate can be obtained. That is, the position of the end of the plate groove 111 near the second end 1b of the plate in the baffle 1 can be obtained. Similarly, when the shaft 2 is at the end of the plate groove 111 near the first end 1a of the plate, this is the largest bolt size that the clamping mechanism can disassemble and assemble. By measuring the farthest distance between adjacent shafts 2 at this time, and matching the side length of the bolt head 8 of the largest bolt, the distance between the other end of the plate groove 111 of the baffle 1 and the second end 1b of the plate can be obtained. That is, the position of the end of the plate groove 111 near the first end 1a of the plate on the baffle 1 can be obtained.

[0053] Optionally, see Figures 1-2 The baffle 1 includes a baffle body 11, a protrusion 12 and a sleeve 13 connected in sequence. The baffle 1 is movably sleeved on the corresponding shaft 2 through the sleeve 13. The protrusion 12 includes two clearance slopes 121 arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the baffle 1. In the direction where the protrusion 12 gradually moves away from the baffle body 11, the distance between the two clearance slopes 121 decreases. The ends of the two clearance slopes 121 away from the baffle body 11 are respectively connected to the sleeve 13.

[0054] In this embodiment, the baffle body 11, the protrusion 12, and the sleeve 13 can be integrally formed, which makes the overall structure of the baffle 1 stable and eliminates the need for additional parts for assembly and fixation. Specifically, the baffle 1 is movably sleeved on the shaft 2 in the plate groove 111 of the adjacent baffle 1 through the sleeve 13 at one end to achieve a rotatable connection, providing a basis for adjusting the size of the bolt head matching area.

[0055] In this embodiment, the baffle body 11 is the main structure of the baffle 1. Therefore, the plate groove 111 is specifically designed on the baffle body 11, and the sleeve 13 is connected to the baffle body 11 through the protrusion 12. It should be noted that the protrusion 12 is a protruding structure at one end of the length direction of the baffle body 11, and its vertical dimension (the dimension in the Z-axis direction) is smaller than the vertical dimension of the baffle body 11. Figure 1 As shown, only protrusions with smaller vertical dimensions can be inserted into the slide groove 111 to connect with the sleeve 13, and the protrusion 12 between the sleeve 13 and the baffle 1 will not interfere with the movement of the baffle 1. The protrusion 12 has two opposing avoidance ramps 121, and the distance between the two avoidance ramps 121 decreases as the protrusion 12 moves away from the baffle body 11. That is, the protrusion 12 is similar to a pointed structure, which can further prevent it from interfering with the movement of the baffle 1. In addition, the vertical dimension of the protrusion 12 is smaller than the vertical dimension of the baffle body 11, which can also reduce the material and weight of the baffle 1.

[0056] In this embodiment, the plate groove 111 can be a hollow opening on the baffle 1. That is, the plate groove 111 passes through the baffle 1 along the thickness direction of the baffle 1 to reduce the material and weight of the baffle 1. At the same time, the operator can also observe the position of the shaft 2 in each plate groove 111 from the outside of the clamping mechanism to ensure that the shaft 2 moves to the required position.

[0057] Among them, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the plate groove 111 may include two hollow openings arranged side by side on the baffle 1. The extension direction of each hollow opening is consistent with the extension direction of the baffle 1, and the two hollow openings are connected vertically (Z-axis direction) along the baffle 1. The shaft 2 slides in the two hollow openings simultaneously. Based on this, two protrusions 12 can be provided at one end of the baffle body 11 along its length direction. The end of each protrusion 12 is connected to a sleeve 13. Thus, each baffle 1 is movably connected to a corresponding shaft 2 through two sleeves 13, which can improve the stability of the movement of the baffle 1 and avoid the problem of large local stress caused by the force of a single protrusion 12 and a single sleeve 13.

[0058] Optionally, see Figure 2The shaft 2 includes a cylindrical rod body 21 and a guide block 22 disposed at one end of the cylindrical rod body 21. The cylindrical rod body 21 and the guide block 22 are rotatably connected relative to each other. The two opposite side walls of the guide block 22 are in surface contact with the side walls corresponding to the plate groove 111. In two adjacent baffles 1, the second end 1b of one baffle 1 extends into the plate groove 111 of the other baffle 1 and is movably sleeved on the corresponding cylindrical rod body 21.

[0059] In this embodiment, the contact between the baffle 1 and the cylindrical rod body 21 within the plate slide groove 111 is a line-to-surface contact, which is prone to wobbling. Therefore, a guide block 22 is provided at the top of the cylindrical rod body 21. The guide block 22 is cubic or cuboid and is slidably connected in the plate slide groove 111. The two opposite sidewalls of the guide block 22 are in surface-to-surface contact with the corresponding sidewalls of the plate slide groove 111, which ensures the stability of the shaft 2 during sliding and prevents wobbling. A circular hole can be provided on the side of the guide block 22 facing the cylindrical rod body 21. One end of the cylindrical rod body 21 is inserted into the circular hole to achieve a rotatable connection between the two, while ensuring that the guide block 22 can carry the cylindrical rod body 21 along the plate slide groove 111.

[0060] It is understandable that the baffle 1 cannot rotate relative to the guide block 22 in its plate groove 111, but the baffle 1 and its internal guide block 22 can rotate as a whole relative to the cylindrical rod body 21 in its plate groove 111, thereby providing a basis for the movement of each baffle 1 and ensuring that the size of the bolt head matching area can be adjusted.

[0061] Another embodiment of the bolt removal and installation device of the present invention, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3-4 The device includes the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism as described above. In addition, the bolt disassembly and clamping device also includes a base 3 and multiple main slide blocks 41. The base 3 is provided with a main slide groove 31, and the multiple main slide grooves 31 are arranged in a circumferential array. The extension directions of each main slide groove 31 intersect at a set point of the base 3. The multiple main slide blocks 41 are slidably connected in the corresponding main slide grooves 31. The ends of the multiple shafts 2 facing the base 3 extend out of the baffles 1 and are connected to the corresponding main slide blocks 41.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the bolt head matching area formed by the multiple baffles 1 of the clamping mechanism is enlarged or reduced in size, the shafts 2 within each baffle 1 not only slide along the plate grooves 111, but also move towards the same set point on the base 3. This set point specifically refers to the center of the circle around which the multiple baffles 1 are arranged in a circular array. To limit this specific movement of each shaft 2, multiple main grooves 31 arranged in a circumferential array are provided on the base 3. The extending direction of each main groove 31 intersects the aforementioned set point, thus ensuring that the main sliders 41 within each main groove 31 move towards the set point during sliding. The base 3 can be disc-shaped, and the center point of the side of the disc-shaped base 3 facing the baffle 1 (the dot of the disc-shaped base) can be the aforementioned set point.

[0063] Based on this, each slider is connected to the bottom end of the corresponding shaft 2. Thus, when it is necessary to reduce the size of the bolt head matching area, it is only necessary to move the main slider 41 in each main slide groove 31 toward the set point. This controllable movement method can improve the efficiency of adjusting the size of the bolt head matching area. Similarly, when it is necessary to expand the size of the bolt head matching area, it is only necessary to move the main slider 41 in each main slide groove 31 away from the set point.

[0064] It is understood that in this embodiment, when the bolt head matching area is a regular hexagon, the corresponding number of main grooves 31 is six. Of course, in other embodiments, for example, when the bolt head matching area is a regular square, the corresponding number of main grooves 31 should be four.

[0065] Optionally, see Figure 8 When each main slider 41 slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove 31 near the set point, each shaft 2 is at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove 111 near the second end 1b of the plate; see Figure 4 and Figure 9 When each main slider 41 slides to the end of the main slide groove 31 that is far from the set point, each shaft 2 is at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove 111 that is close to the first end 1a of the plate.

[0066] In this embodiment, after the distance from the midpoint (midpoint along its length) of the main slide 31 to the set point is determined, such as... Figure 8 As shown, when each main slider 41 slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove 31 near the set point, each shaft 2 is at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove 111 near the second end 1b of the plate. At the same time, the bolt head matching area reaches its minimum size, as shown. Figure 4 and Figure 9As shown, when each main slider 41 slides to the end of the main slide groove 31 away from the set point, each shaft 2 is located at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove 111 near the first end 1a of the plate, and at the same time, the bolt head matching area reaches its maximum size. It can be seen that the length of the main slide groove 31 is just right, which can just meet the adjustment of the bolt head matching area between the maximum and minimum size, and the length of the main slide groove 31 is not excessive; if the length of the main slide groove 31 is too long, it may affect the structural strength of the base 3.

[0067] Optionally, see Figures 3-4 The bolt removal and installation device also includes a linkage mechanism. Multiple main sliders 41 are linked together through the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is configured such that when one main slider 41 moves along its main slide 31, the other main sliders 41 also move synchronously and at the same speed along their respective main slides 31.

[0068] In this embodiment, a specific linkage mechanism is provided. The linkage mechanism includes multiple auxiliary sliders 42 and multiple connecting rod assemblies 5, and also includes auxiliary slide grooves 32 disposed on the base 3. An auxiliary slide groove 32 is arranged between each two adjacent main slide grooves 31. The extension directions of each main slide groove 31 and the extension directions of each auxiliary slide groove 32 intersect at a set point. The angle between each auxiliary slide groove 32 and its two adjacent main slide grooves 31 is the same. The multiple auxiliary sliders 42 are slidably connected in the corresponding auxiliary slide grooves 32. Each connecting rod assembly 5 includes two connecting rods 51. One end of each connecting rod 51 is hinged to the corresponding main slider 41, and the other end of each connecting rod 51 is hinged to the corresponding auxiliary slider 42. The hinge axis of the two connecting rods 51 and the main slider 41 is collinear with the axis of the corresponding shaft 2. In two adjacent sets of connecting rod assemblies 5, the two middle connecting rods 51 that are close to each other are collinear with the hinge axis of the auxiliary slider 42.

[0069] In this embodiment, through the specially designed linkage mechanism described above, when a main slider 41 moves along its main slide groove 31, the two connecting rods 51 on both sides of the main slider 41 (these two connecting rods 51 constitute the aforementioned connecting rod assembly 5) will synchronously drive the auxiliary sliders 42 on both sides of the main slider 41 to move. Under the combined action of multiple connecting rod assemblies 5, all the main sliders 41 can move synchronously and at the same speed, ultimately achieving the size adjustment of the bolt head matching area enclosed by these baffles 1. Wherein, when the bolt head matching area is a regular hexagon, the corresponding number of main slide grooves 31 and auxiliary slide grooves 32 are six each, and the included angle between the auxiliary slide groove 32 and the two adjacent main slide grooves 31 is 30°.

[0070] The hinge between the connecting rod 51 and the auxiliary slider 42 can be achieved by inserting bolts; the hinge between the connecting rod 51 and the main slider 41 can be achieved by movably sleeved one end of the connecting rod 51 onto the bottom end of the shaft 2.

[0071] Optionally, see Figure 8 When each main slider 41 slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove 31 near the set point, each auxiliary slider 42 is at the end of the auxiliary slide groove 32 near the set point; see also Figure 9 When each main slider 41 slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove 31 that is far from the set point, each auxiliary slider 42 is at the end of the auxiliary slide groove 32 that is far from the set point.

[0072] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 As shown above, when each main slider 41 slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove 31 near the set point, each shaft 2 also slides within the plate slide groove 111 to the end near the second end 1b of the plate, so as to achieve the minimum size of the bolt head matching area. At this time, by designing the auxiliary slide groove 32, the auxiliary slider 42 can also be moved to the end of the auxiliary slide groove 32 near the set point. Similarly, when each main slider 41 slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove 31 away from the set point, each shaft 2 also slides within the plate slide groove 111 to the end near the first end 1a of the plate, so as to achieve the maximum size of the bolt head matching area. At this time, by designing the auxiliary slide groove 32, the auxiliary slider 42 can also be moved to the end of the auxiliary slide groove 32 away from the set point.

[0073] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the bolts have three specifications: the smallest size bolt, the medium size bolt, and the largest size bolt. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the smallest bolt head matching area at this time can accommodate the smallest bolt size for assembly and disassembly; as... Figure 9 As shown, the largest bolt head matching area at this time can accommodate the largest bolt size for assembly and disassembly; as... Figure 10 As shown, the medium-sized bolt head matching area can then be used to assemble and disassemble medium-sized bolts.

[0074] It should be noted that, Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figures 8-10 The bolt heads shown in the image are all bolt heads of the smallest size bolts.

[0075] Specifically, after determining the midpoint position and length of the main slide 31 and the length of the connecting rod 51, the auxiliary slide 32 can be designed as follows: the distance from the midpoint of the auxiliary slide 32 to the set point is greater than the distance from the midpoint of the main slide 31 to the set point, and the length of the auxiliary slide 32 is less than the length of the main slide 31. This specific design of the auxiliary slide 32 not only satisfies the dimensions of the adjusting bolt head matching area but also ensures that the maximum included angle between the connecting rods 51 on both sides of the auxiliary slider 42 and the side facing the set point does not exceed 180°, and the smaller the angle, the higher the stability of the connecting rod 51's movement.

[0076] Optionally, see Figure 4 The bolt removal and installation device also includes a power telescopic component 6. One end of the power telescopic component 6 is connected to the base 3, and the other end of the power telescopic component 6 is connected to the main slider 41. The extension direction of the power telescopic component 6 is consistent with the extension direction of the corresponding main slide groove 31. Alternatively, one end of the power telescopic component 6 is connected to the base 3, and the other end of the power telescopic component 6 is connected to the auxiliary slider 42. The extension direction of the power telescopic component 6 is consistent with the extension direction of the corresponding auxiliary slide groove 32.

[0077] Preferably, in this embodiment, the power telescopic member 6 is connected to the main slider 41, and the extension direction of the power telescopic member 6 can be consistent with the main slide groove 31. Therefore, when the power telescopic member 6 extends or retracts, it can drive the corresponding main slider 41 to slide within its respective main slide groove 31. Then, through a linkage mechanism, all the main sliders 41 move synchronously at the same speed. Since the main slider 41 is directly connected to the shaft 2, when the power telescopic member 6 is directly connected to the main slider 41, the power of the power telescopic member 6 can be directly transmitted to its corresponding main slider 41, reducing the power transmission path, improving power transmission efficiency, and minimizing power transmission loss.

[0078] Of course, in other embodiments, the power telescopic member 6 may not be connected to the main slider 41, but to the auxiliary slider 42. In this case, the extension direction of the power telescopic member 6 is consistent with the corresponding auxiliary slide 32. Thus, when the power telescopic member 6 extends or retracts, it drives the corresponding auxiliary slider 42 to connect. Then, under the action of the linkage mechanism, all the main sliders 41 will move synchronously at the same speed. Of course, since the length of the main slide 31 is greater than the length of the auxiliary slide 32, and when the main slider 41 moves to the end of the main slide 31 near the set point, the auxiliary slider 42 also moves to the end of the auxiliary slide 32 near the set point at the same time. Therefore, the speed of the main slider 41 is greater than the speed of the auxiliary slider 42.

[0079] In this embodiment, the adjustment of the bolt head matching area size can be achieved through a power source 6, which is simple, convenient, and requires no manual operation, saving time and effort. The power source 6 can be a hydraulic rod, a telescopic motor, or other similar structure.

[0080] Optionally, a force sensor can be added to the main slider 41 to detect the force on the baffle 1 in real time (the reaction force of the bolt head 8 on the baffle 1). By dynamically adjusting the output force of the power telescopic component 6, the output force of the power telescopic component 6 can also be changed for different types of bolts, so that the bolts to be disassembled are not damaged while ensuring the normal implementation of disassembly and assembly work, and the bolt holes that mate with the bolts maintain the best performance as much as possible.

[0081] Optionally, see Figures 5-7 The bolt removal and installation device also includes a cover 71 and a cover plate 72. The cover 71 is placed on the base 3 and connected to the base 3. The end of the cover 71 away from the base 3 is provided with a bolt inlet and outlet 711 corresponding to the bolt head matching area. The cover plate 72 is detachably placed on the bolt inlet and outlet 711.

[0082] In this embodiment, the cover 71 can be integrally formed with the base 3. When it is necessary to use the device to install or remove bolts, the cover plate 72 can be removed from the cover 71, and the bolt head 8 can then enter the cover 71 through the bolt inlet / outlet 711 and be placed in the bolt head matching area formed by multiple baffles 1. When it is not necessary to install or remove bolts, the cover plate 72 is placed over the bolt inlet / outlet 711, ensuring that the inside of the cover 71 is sealed, reducing external wear on the inside of the cover 71, and providing protection. Wherein, when the shape of the bolt head matching area is a regular hexagon, the bolt inlet / outlet 711 is preferably a regular hexagon, and its size can be slightly larger than the bolt head 8 of the largest size bolt.

[0083] It should be noted that, see Figures 5-6 In the aforementioned bolt removal and assembly device, the cover 71 is mounted on the upper side of the base 3, while the cover plate 72 is detachably mounted on the bolt inlet / outlet 711 at the top of the cover 71. The base 3, the cover 71, and the cover plate 72 together constitute the outer shell of the bolt removal and assembly device. Inside the outer shell, the main slide groove 31 and the auxiliary slide groove 32 are formed on the side of the base 3 facing the interior space of the outer shell. Each connecting rod assembly 5 is located on the upper side of the base 3, and the clamping mechanism composed of each baffle 1 and the shaft 2 is located on the upper side of the connecting rod assembly 5. This achieves a layered design of the internal structure of the outer shell, ensuring that these structures can be reasonably distributed within the outer shell, improving the overall integration of the bolt removal and assembly device, and reducing space occupation.

[0084] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an automated bolt disassembly and assembly device, including a robotic arm and a bolt disassembly and assembly device as described above. The base 3 of the bolt disassembly and assembly device is installed at the end of the robotic arm, and the robotic arm is used to drive the bolt disassembly and assembly device to rotate as a whole.

[0085] In this embodiment, when the base 3 of the bolt removal and installation device is installed at the end of the robotic arm, the robotic arm can drive the bolt removal and installation device to rotate as a whole to remove or install bolts, thereby achieving automation.

[0086] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, a power transmission component 9 is provided at the bottom of the base 3 for connecting the power of the robotic arm. The power transmission component 9 can be a columnar structure, and its axis is coaxial with the axis of the bolt head matching area, so that the torque on the device only causes the device to rotate around the axis of the bolt to be disassembled or assembled, without any deviation.

[0087] The columnar structure has a ring of teeth 91 on its outer periphery, and / or a threaded hole 92 in the middle of the columnar structure. The columnar structure with the ring of teeth 91 can be placed within the output gear ring at the end of the robotic arm, and the two are coaxial and keyed together (the groove between adjacent teeth 91 can be considered a "keyway," and each tooth in the output gear ring at the end of the robotic arm is equivalent to a "key," achieving a keyed connection through the "keyway" and the "key") to achieve torque transmission. Alternatively, the end of the robotic arm can have a threaded rod, one end of which is threaded into the threaded hole 92 of the columnar structure to achieve torque transmission. Of course, different power transmission components 9 can be designed according to the actual power output form of the robotic arm end, and are not limited to the two forms mentioned above.

[0088] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0089] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism, characterized in that, It includes multiple baffles (1) and multiple shafts (2). Each baffle (1) has a first end (1a) and a second end (1b) in its extension direction. Each baffle (1) is provided with a plate groove (111), and the extension direction of the plate groove (111) is consistent with the extension direction of the baffle (1). The multiple shafts (2) are slidably connected in the plate groove (111) of the corresponding baffle (1). The multiple baffles (1) are arranged in a circular array and surround to form a bolt head matching area. In two adjacent baffles (1), the second end (1b) of one baffle (1) extends into the plate groove (111) of the other baffle (1) and is movably sleeved on the corresponding shaft (2); when each shaft (2) slides to the end of the corresponding plate groove (111) near the second end (1b) of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area is the smallest, and when each shaft (2) slides to the end of the corresponding plate groove (111) near the first end (1a) of the plate, the size of the bolt head matching area is the largest.

2. The bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the extending direction of the baffle (1), the distance between the plate groove (111) and the second end (1b) of the plate is greater than the distance between the plate groove (111) and the first end (1a) of the plate; And / or, the baffle (1) includes a baffle body (11), a protrusion (12) and a sleeve (13) connected in sequence. The baffle (1) is movably sleeved on the corresponding shaft (2) through the sleeve (13). The protrusion (12) includes two clearance slopes (121) arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the baffle (1). In the direction in which the protrusion (12) gradually moves away from the baffle body (11), the distance between the two clearance slopes (121) decreases. The ends of the two clearance slopes (121) away from the baffle body (11) are respectively connected to the sleeve (13). And / or, the shaft (2) includes a cylindrical rod body (21) and a guide block (22) disposed at one end of the cylindrical rod body (21), and the cylindrical rod body (21) and the guide block (22) are rotatably connected relative to each other. The two opposite side walls of the guide block (22) are in surface contact with the side walls corresponding to the plate groove (111). In two adjacent baffles (1), the second end (1b) of one baffle (1) extends into the plate groove (111) of the other baffle (1) and is movably sleeved on the corresponding cylindrical rod body (21). And / or, the number of the baffle (1) and the shaft (2) are six respectively, and the bolt head matching area is used to match the hexagonal bolt head of the hexagonal bolt.

3. A bolt removal and installation device, characterized in that, The bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-2 further includes a base (3) and a plurality of main sliders (41). The base (3) is provided with a main slide groove (31), and the plurality of main slide grooves (31) are arranged in a circumferential array. The extension directions of each main slide groove (31) intersect at a set point of the base (3). The plurality of main sliders (41) are slidably connected in the corresponding main slide grooves (31). The plurality of shafts (2) of the bolt disassembly and clamping mechanism extend out of the baffle (1) at one end facing the base (3) and are connected to the corresponding main sliders (41).

4. The bolt removal and installation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, When each of the main sliders (41) slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove (31) near the set point, each of the shafts (2) is at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove (111) near the second end (1b) of the plate; when each of the main sliders (41) slides to the end of the main slide groove (31) away from the set point, each of the shafts (2) is at the end of the corresponding plate slide groove (111) near the first end (1a) of the plate.

5. The bolt removal and installation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes multiple auxiliary sliders (42) and multiple connecting rod assemblies (5). The base (3) is also provided with auxiliary slide grooves (32). An auxiliary slide groove (32) is arranged between each of the two adjacent main slide grooves (31). The extension direction of each main slide groove (31) and the extension direction of each auxiliary slide groove (32) intersect at the set point. The angle between each auxiliary slide groove (32) and its two adjacent main slide grooves (31) is the same. The multiple auxiliary sliders (42) are slidably connected in the corresponding auxiliary slide grooves (32). Each of the connecting rod assemblies (5) includes two connecting rods (51). One end of each connecting rod (51) is hinged to a corresponding main slider (41), and the other end of each connecting rod (51) is hinged to a corresponding auxiliary slider (42). The hinge axis of the two connecting rods (51) and the main slider (41) is collinear with the axis of the corresponding shaft (2). In the four connecting rods (51) of two adjacent sets of connecting rod assemblies (5), the hinge axis of the two connecting rods (51) that are close to each other is collinear with the hinge axis of the auxiliary slider (42).

6. The bolt removal and installation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When each of the main sliders (41) slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove (31) that is close to the set point, each of the auxiliary sliders (42) is at the end of the auxiliary slide groove (32) that is close to the set point; when each of the main sliders (41) slides to the end of the corresponding main slide groove (31) that is far away from the set point, each of the auxiliary sliders (42) is at the end of the auxiliary slide groove (32) that is far away from the set point.

7. The bolt removal and installation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance from the midpoint of the auxiliary slide (32) to the set point is greater than the distance from the midpoint of the main slide (31) to the set point, and the length of the auxiliary slide (32) is less than the length of the main slide (31).

8. The bolt removal and installation device according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, It also includes a power telescopic component (6), one end of which is connected to the base (3) and the other end of which is connected to the main slider (41). The extension direction of the power telescopic component (6) is consistent with the extension direction of the corresponding main slide groove (31); or, one end of the power telescopic component (6) is connected to the base (3) and the other end of which is connected to the auxiliary slider (42). The extension direction of the power telescopic component (6) is consistent with the extension direction of the corresponding auxiliary slide groove (32).

9. The bolt removal and installation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a cover (71) and a cover plate (72). The cover (71) is placed on the base (3) and connected to the base (3). The end of the cover (71) away from the base (3) is provided with a bolt inlet and outlet (711) corresponding to the bolt head matching area. The cover plate (72) is detachably placed on the bolt inlet and outlet (711).

10. An automated bolt disassembly and assembly device, characterized in that, It includes a robotic arm and a bolt removal and installation device as described in any one of claims 3-9, wherein the base (3) of the bolt removal and installation device is mounted on the end of the robotic arm, and the robotic arm is used to drive the bolt removal and installation device to rotate as a whole.

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