A bridge housing and a dump truck

Abstract

The application provides a bridge housing and a dump truck, and relates to the technical field of transport tools. The bridge housing comprises a housing, a mounting frame, a suspension cylinder seat and a circular arc structure. The mounting frame is arranged on the outer wall of the housing and located on one side of the housing along a first direction. At least one side of the mounting frame along a second direction is provided with a first pointed end. The suspension cylinder seat is arranged on the outer wall of the housing and located on the other side of the housing along the first direction. At least one side of the suspension cylinder seat along the second direction is provided with a second pointed end. At least one of the first pointed end and the second pointed end is connected to the outer wall of the housing through the circular arc structure. The first direction, the second direction and the axial direction of the housing are perpendicular to each other. By changing the geometric shape, the sharp corner connection is converted into the round corner connection. The stress distribution of the circular arc structure is smoother. The stress of the first pointed end and the second pointed end gradually transitions from the circular arc structure to the outer wall of the housing, so that the stress distribution is more uniform, and the local stress is prevented from being too high, and the stress concentration coefficient is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention generally relates to the field of transportation technology, and more specifically, to an axle housing and a dump truck. Background Technology

[0002] Mining dump trucks, as a type of heavy-duty engineering vehicle, are widely used in harsh working conditions such as mines and construction sites. The axle housing structure, as one of the key components of the vehicle, primarily undertakes important functions such as transmitting power, supporting the weight of the vehicle body, and withstanding various loads from complex road conditions.

[0003] Existing technologies optimize bridge shell stress distribution through topology optimization and biomimetic structural design. However, due to the special operating conditions of mining trucks, conventional optimization methods cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of lightweight, low cost, and high reliability. Existing bridge shell structures mainly suffer from the following problems:

[0004] 1. Existing mining dump truck axle housings generally adopt traditional welded structures. While these structures can guarantee basic strength, unreasonable structural design leads to excessively high local stress, causing stress concentration at connection points. For example, at the connection between the axle housing and the wheel, and at the connection of the suspension system, the stress level is significantly higher than in other areas due to abrupt changes in geometry and load concentration. These areas are prone to fatigue cracks under prolonged high stress, ultimately damaging the axle housing structure, severely impacting its service life and affecting the normal operation of the vehicle. Therefore, as mining dump trucks develop towards larger tonnage and longer service life, the high stress and heavy weight problems of traditional axle housings are becoming increasingly prominent.

[0005] 2. To meet load-bearing capacity requirements, materials need to possess high strength; however, to resist impact loads and fatigue failure under complex road conditions, materials also need to possess good toughness. However, existing materials often present a balance issue in these two aspects, failing to simultaneously meet the requirements of high strength and high toughness, thus limiting the overall performance of the bridge shell structure.

[0006] 3. In terms of the manufacturing process of the bridge housing, traditional welding processes present certain challenges in quality control. Furthermore, the post-weld heat treatment process is difficult to ensure uniformity, which may lead to performance degradation in localized areas and affect the overall performance of the bridge housing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides an axle housing and a dump truck that reduces stress concentration and improves structural strength.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a bridge housing is provided, comprising:

[0009] case;

[0010] A mounting bracket is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and located on one side of the housing along a first direction, and a first tip is provided on at least one side of the mounting bracket along a second direction;

[0011] A cylinder suspension seat is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and located on the other side of the housing along the first direction, and a second tip is provided on at least one side of the cylinder suspension seat along the second direction;

[0012] An arc-shaped structure, wherein at least one of the first tip and the second tip is connected to the outer wall of the housing via the arc-shaped structure;

[0013] The first direction, the second direction, and the axial direction of the housing are all perpendicular to each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, the arc structure includes an arc portion and a filling portion, wherein the arc portion is disposed on the outer wall of the housing;

[0015] Wherein, at least one of the first tip portion and the second tip portion is connected to the arc portion through the filling portion.

[0016] In some embodiments, the width of the arcuate portion is greater than the width of the first tip portion along the axial direction of the housing;

[0017] And / or, along the axial direction of the housing, the width of the arcuate portion is greater than the width of the second tip portion.

[0018] In some embodiments, the height by which the arcuate portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing is equal to the height by which the first pointed portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing;

[0019] And / or, the height by which the arcuate portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing is equal to the height by which the second tip portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing.

[0020] In some embodiments, at least one of the first tip and the second tip is provided with a first inclined surface, and the arc portion is provided with a second inclined surface corresponding to the first inclined surface, wherein the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are inclined in opposite directions relative to the first direction;

[0021] The filling portion is disposed between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0022] In some embodiments, the angle between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane is greater than or equal to 60°.

[0023] In some embodiments, the arcuate portion includes:

[0024] An arc-shaped body is disposed on the outer wall of the shell;

[0025] A transition portion is provided on the side of the arc body facing the first tip portion, and a second inclined surface is provided on the side of the transition portion facing the first tip portion. The first tip portion is connected to the arc body through the filling portion.

[0026] In the axial direction of the housing, the width of the transition portion is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped body.

[0027] In some embodiments, the mounting bracket includes:

[0028] A cover plate and upright plates are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the second direction, and the cover plate is connected to the outer wall of the housing;

[0029] Two first side plates are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the axial direction of the housing, and the first side plates are connected to the outer wall of the housing;

[0030] A first mounting plate and a bearing seat, wherein the first mounting plate is located on the side of the first side plate away from the housing, one side of the first mounting plate is connected to the cover plate, the upright plate and the first side plate respectively, and the bearing seat is provided on the other side;

[0031] The first tip is disposed on at least one side of the first side plate along the second direction, and the first tip is disposed on the side of the first side plate along the first direction and facing the housing.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cover plate has an arc transition structure on the side facing the housing.

[0033] In some embodiments, the suspension seat includes:

[0034] Two second side plates are distributed along the axial direction of the housing and connected to the outer wall of the housing;

[0035] Two connecting plates are arranged along the first direction and disposed between the two second side plates, and one of the two connecting plates is connected to the outer wall of the housing via a second mounting plate;

[0036] The second side plate has an arc notch on at least one side along the second direction, so that the second side plate forms a second tip on the side along the first direction and toward the outer wall of the housing.

[0037] In some embodiments, a reinforcing structure is also included, which is disposed on the inner wall of the housing;

[0038] The reinforcing structure includes at least one first reinforcing rib, multiple reinforcing groups, and multiple second reinforcing ribs. The shell is provided with a through hole, and the multiple reinforcing groups are located on both sides of the through hole along the axial direction of the shell. The first reinforcing rib extends along the axial direction of the shell and is disposed between adjacent reinforcing groups. The reinforcing group includes multiple annular reinforcing ribs, which are distributed along the axial direction of the shell and arranged circumferentially. The second reinforcing rib is arranged along the axial direction of the shell and is disposed between two adjacent annular reinforcing ribs.

[0039] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the housing, the sum of the lengths of at least one first reinforcing rib and the lengths of a plurality of second reinforcing ribs is equal to the length of the housing.

[0040] According to a second aspect of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention also provide a dump truck, including the aforementioned axle housing.

[0041] One embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0042] The bridge shell provided by this invention exhibits a peak-shaped stress distribution at its first and second tips, resulting in high localized stress and a decrease in the material's yield strength due to stress concentration. At least one of the first and second tips is connected to the outer wall of the shell via a rounded structure. By changing the geometry, the sharp-corner connection is transformed into a rounded-corner connection, resulting in a smoother stress distribution. The stress at the first and second tips gradually transitions from the rounded structure to the outer wall, making the stress distribution more uniform, avoiding excessive localized stress, and reducing the stress concentration factor. Furthermore, under the same load, the rounded structure has a stronger load-bearing capacity. The connection of the two tips to the outer wall of the shell via the rounded structure increases the effective load-bearing area of ​​the material, thereby improving the overall strength and toughness of the shell.

[0043] The dump truck provided in this embodiment of the invention improves and optimizes the local structure of the axle housing based on the stress distribution of the axle housing, thereby meeting the lightweight requirements without reducing the strength and rigidity of the axle housing and improving the economy and reliability of the mining dump truck. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To better understand the present invention, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in the following drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and related elements may be omitted to emphasize and clearly illustrate the technical features of the invention. Furthermore, related elements or components may have different arrangements as known in the art. Additionally, in the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar components in various figures. The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] in:

[0046] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the bridge housing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the bridge housing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the bridge housing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0049] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the arc structure in the bridge shell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the mounting bracket in the bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 What is shown is Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion at point A;

[0052] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the cover plate in a bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the cylinder suspension seat in an axle housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the second side plate in a bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 10 What is shown is Figure 8 A magnified view of the area at point B;

[0056] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the first arc structure in the bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the first arc structure in the bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0058] Figure 13 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the second arc structure in the bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0059] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the second arc structure in the bridge housing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0060] Figure 15 The diagram shows a flowchart of a bridge shell stress control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0062] 1. Housing; 2. Mounting bracket; 3. Cylinder seat; 4. Arc structure; 5. Reinforcing structure;

[0063] 10. Through hole;

[0064] 20. First pointed tip; 201. First inclined surface;

[0065] 21. Cover plate; 210. Arc transition structure; 211. First side; 212. Second side; 213. Third side; 22. First side plate; 23. First mounting plate; 24. Bearing seat; 25. Vertical plate;

[0066] 30. Second tip; 31. Second side plate; 311. Arc notch; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Second mounting plate;

[0067] 41. Arc portion; 410. Second inclined surface; 411. Arc body; 412. Transition portion;

[0068] 42. Filling section;

[0069] 51. First reinforcing rib; 52. Reinforcing group; 521. Circular reinforcing rib; 53. Second reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more; and the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In particular, references to "the / described" object or "an" object are also intended to indicate one of a possible plurality of such objects.

[0072] Unless otherwise specified or stated, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" described in the exemplary embodiments of this invention are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the exemplary embodiments of this invention. It should also be understood that, in the context of an element or feature being connected to another element (one or more) "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer," it can be directly connected to the other element (one or more) "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer," or indirectly connected to the other element (one or more) "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" through an intermediate element.

[0074] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and the concept of the exemplary embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0075] This embodiment provides a bridge housing, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the axle housing includes a housing 1, a mounting bracket 2, and a cylinder seat 3. The mounting bracket 2 is disposed on the outer wall of the housing 1 and located on one side of the housing 1 along a first direction. The mounting bracket 2 has a first tip 20 on at least one side along a second direction. The cylinder seat 3 is disposed on the outer wall of the housing 1 and located on the other side of the housing 1 along the first direction. The cylinder seat 3 has a second tip 30 on at least one side along the second direction.

[0076] For example, the shape of the bridge housing is similar to a cylindrical structure. The bridge housing has at least one horizontal plane. The first direction and the second direction are two mutually perpendicular directions in the horizontal plane. The first direction is identified by D1 and the second direction is identified by D2. The horizontal plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bridge housing. The axial direction of the bridge housing is identified by D3. The first direction, the second direction and the axial direction of the housing 1 are mutually perpendicular to each other.

[0077] For example, the housing 1 is provided with a shaft hole along the axial direction of the housing 1. The shaft hole is mainly used to install key components such as half-shaft sleeves and main reducers. These components are connected to the axle housing through the shaft hole, and play the role of transmitting power and supporting the wheels.

[0078] For example, the mounting bracket 2 may also be referred to as an A-type bracket. The mounting bracket 2 has a first arc groove on the side facing the outer wall of the housing 1 along the first direction, so that the inner side of the mounting bracket 2 is adapted to the outer wall of the housing 1 to ensure the fit between the mounting and the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0079] For example, the cylinder seat 3 has a second arc groove along the first direction and on the side facing the outer wall of the housing 1, so that the inner side of the cylinder seat 3 is adapted to the outer wall of the housing 1 to ensure the fit between the installation and the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0080] The mounting bracket 2 has a first tip 20 on at least one side along the second direction, with the first tip 20 having a sharp angle relative to the mounting bracket 2. The cylinder seat 3 has a second tip 30 on at least one side along the second direction, with the second tip 30 having a sharp angle relative to the cylinder seat 3. At the locations of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30, the stress distribution is uneven, and the local stress can increase sharply. For example, when the housing 1 is subjected to tensile or bending loads, the stress at the locations of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 will be much higher than in other areas, leading to fatigue or fracture between the housing 1 and the mounting bracket 2 and the cylinder seat 3.

[0081] To solve this problem, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the bridge housing also includes an arc structure 4, and at least one of the first tip portion 20 and the second tip portion 30 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 through the arc structure 4.

[0082] For example, either or both of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 are connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 via the arc structure 4. For instance, the arc structure 4 includes a first arc structure and a second arc structure, with the first tip 20 connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 via the first arc structure and all the second tip 30 connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 via the second arc structure.

[0083] For example, the stress concentration factor Kt of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 is typically high. For instance, the stress concentration factor at the locations of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 may reach 3-5 or even higher.

[0084] For example, the arc structure 4 can specifically be a rounded corner structure. Rounded corners can disperse stress and prevent excessive stress concentration at sharp corners. The stress concentration factor Kt of the arc structure 4 is typically less than 2. It is understood that as the radius of the arc structure 4 increases, the stress concentration factor will further decrease. However, excessively large rounded corners may lead to an increase in structural dimensions. The radius of the arc structure 4 can be determined and optimized by comprehensively considering lightweighting based on finite element analysis results, actual loads, and overall structural dimensions. Furthermore, under fatigue loads, stress concentration areas are prone to fatigue cracks. The rounded corner design of the arc structure 4 can significantly reduce stress concentration, thereby extending the fatigue life of the structure and improving its overall strength.

[0085] In the bridge housing provided in this embodiment, the stress distribution of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 is peak-shaped, with relatively high local stress, which reduces the yield strength of the material due to stress concentration. At least one of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 through an arc structure 4. By changing the geometry, the sharp corner connection is transformed into a rounded corner connection, and the stress distribution of the arc structure 4 is smoother. The stress of the first tip 20 and the second tip 30 gradually transitions from the arc structure 4 to the outer wall of the housing 1, making the stress distribution more uniform, avoiding excessive local stress, and reducing the stress concentration factor. In addition, under the same load, the arc structure 4 has a stronger load-bearing capacity. The connection of the two tips to the outer wall of the housing 1 through the arc structure 4 can increase the effective load-bearing area of ​​the material, thereby improving the overall strength and toughness of the housing 1.

[0086] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the arc structure 4 includes an arc portion 41 and a filling portion 42. The arc portion 41 is disposed on the outer wall of the housing 1. At least one of the first tip portion 20 and the second tip portion 30 is connected to the arc portion 41 through the filling portion 42.

[0087] For example, the arc portion 41 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. For instance, the arc portion 41 is welded to the outer wall of the housing 1, or the arc portion 41 and the housing 1 are integrally formed.

[0088] For example, the arc portion 41 and the filling portion 42 are separate structures. After the mounting bracket 2 is installed on the housing 1, the first tip portion 20 and the arc structure 4 are correspondingly and spaced apart. The filling portion 42 fills the space between the first tip portion 20 and the arc structure 4, so that the first tip portion 20 is connected to the arc structure 4 through the filling portion 42. For example, the first tip portion 20 is welded to the arc structure 4, and the filling portion 42 is the weld formed after welding. After the cylinder seat 3 is installed on the housing 1, the second tip portion 30 and the arc structure 4 are correspondingly and spaced apart. The filling portion 42 fills the space between the second tip portion 30 and the arc structure 4, so that the second tip portion 30 is connected to the arc structure 4 through the filling portion 42. For example, the second tip portion 30 is welded to the arc structure 4, and the filling portion 42 is the weld formed after welding.

[0089] It is understood that the filler portion 42 may include, but is not limited to, welds, or other strong adhesives that realize the tip and arc portion 41, or other connectors with connection strength.

[0090] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the height of the arc portion 41 protruding from the outer wall of the housing 1 is equal to the height of the first tip portion 20 protruding from the outer wall of the housing 1; and / or, the height of the arc portion 41 protruding from the outer wall of the housing 1 is equal to the height of the second tip portion 30 protruding from the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0091] With this configuration, the height of the two tips and the overall height of their corresponding arc portion 41 are basically the same. After the filling portion 42 is filled, the heights of the tips, filling portion 42 and arc portion 41 are approximately the same, achieving a uniform arc transition and avoiding stress concentration caused by protrusion.

[0092] In one embodiment, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, along the axial direction of the housing 1, the width of the arc portion 41 is greater than the width of the first tip portion 20; and / or, along the axial direction of the housing 1, the width of the arc portion 41 is greater than the width of the second tip portion 30.

[0093] With this configuration, the width of the arc portion 41 is greater than the width of the two pointed portions. After the pointed portions are connected to the arc portion 41, the connection area between the pointed portions and the outer wall of the housing 1 is increased, reducing stress concentration.

[0094] like Figures 4-6 As shown, at least one of the first tip portion 20 and the second tip portion 30 is provided with a first inclined surface 201, and the arc portion 41 is provided with a second inclined surface 410 corresponding to the first inclined surface 201. The first inclined surface 201 and the second inclined surface 410 are inclined in opposite directions relative to the first direction; wherein, the filling portion 42 is provided between the first inclined surface 201 and the second inclined surface 410.

[0095] Specifically, the first inclined surface 201 is inclined relative to the first direction, giving the two pointed ends a bevel structure, and the second inclined surface 410 is also inclined relative to the first direction, giving the arc portion 41 a bevel structure. The first inclined surface 201 and the second inclined surface 410 are not parallel, but rather inclined to opposite sides of the first direction, forming a V-shaped groove structure between them, which facilitates welding between the first inclined surface 201 and the second inclined surface 410.

[0096] In this way, the two inclined surfaces that need to be welded are inclined in opposite directions, which can ensure complete penetration at the root of the weld, improve the penetration of the weld root, and avoid defects such as incomplete penetration and slag inclusion, thereby ensuring the integrity and strength of the weld.

[0097] The included angle between the first inclined plane 201 and the second inclined plane 410 is greater than or equal to 60°. For example, the included angle can be 60°, 90° or 120°, etc.

[0098] This angle setting, while not excessively small, ensures complete penetration at the weld root, allowing for a more even distribution of welding heat on both sides of the weld. This reduces localized overheating and stress concentration, and also minimizes angular deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction during welding. Furthermore, setting a suitable tilt angle reduces the amount of filler metal needed while maintaining weld quality, thereby improving welding efficiency.

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, the mounting bracket 2 includes a cover plate 21, a vertical plate 25, a second mounting plate 33, a first mounting plate 23, a bearing seat 24, and two first side plates 22. The cover plate 21 and the vertical plate 25 are arranged parallel to each other along the second direction and are spaced apart. The cover plate 21 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. The two first side plates 22 are arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the housing 1 and are spaced apart. The first side plates 22 are connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. The second mounting plate 33 is located on the side of the first side plate 22 away from the housing 1. One side of the second mounting plate 33 is connected to the cover plate 21, the vertical plate 25, and the first side plate 22, respectively, and the bearing seat 24 is provided on the other side.

[0100] For example, the first side plate 22 has a first arc groove, and the housing 1 is partially disposed in the first arc groove, so that the first side plate 22 and the outer wall of the housing 1 are adapted to each other.

[0101] For example, the cover plate 21 and the upright plate 25 are similar in shape to a trapezoidal structure. The upright plate 25 can be connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 or not. The upright plate 25 is located between the two first side plates 22, which improves the overall structural strength of the mounting bracket 2. The cover plate 21, the upright plate 25 and the two side plates form a tetrahedral structure. The tetrahedral structure has two openings at both ends along the first direction. One of the openings faces the housing 1. The second mounting plate 33 and the first mounting plate 23 seal the other opening. The second mounting plate 33 and the first mounting plate 23 are used to install the bearing seat 24. The second mounting plate 33 and the first mounting plate 23 provide an installation position for the bearing seat 24.

[0102] The first tip 20 is disposed on at least one side of the first side plate 22 along the second direction, and the first tip 20 is disposed on the side of the first side plate 22 along the first direction and facing the housing 1.

[0103] Specifically, the first side plate 22 can initially be a rectangular plate or a trapezoidal plate. The first side plate 22 has a first arc groove on the side facing the housing 1. The first arc groove does not penetrate the two sides of the first side plate 22 along the second direction. There is a certain gap between the side wall of the first arc groove and the two sides, so as to form a first tip 20 on at least one side of the first side plate 22 along the second direction.

[0104] The first tip 20 is disposed on at least one side of the first side plate 22 along the second direction, and the first tip 20 is disposed on the side of the first side plate 22 along the first direction and facing the housing 1.

[0105] It is understood that the first side plate 22 is provided with two first tip portions 20 on both sides along the second direction. The two first side plates 22 have four first tip portions 20, so the number of first arc structures is four. The four first arc structures and the four first tip portions 20 are provided in correspondence.

[0106] like Figure 7 As shown, the cover plate 21 has an arc transition structure 210 on the side facing the housing 1.

[0107] Before the improvement of the cover plate 21, the cover plate 21 was similar to a trapezoidal plate structure. Specifically, the cover plate 21 had a first side 211, a second side 212 and two third sides 213. The first side 211 and the second side 212 were arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The length of the first side 211 was less than the length of the second side 212. The second side 212 was connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. The two third sides 213 were arranged between the first side 211 and the second side 212. The first side 211, the second side 212 and the two third sides 213 were connected end to end to form a trapezoidal structure.

[0108] At this point, the connection point between the first side 211 and the third side 213 is A. When the mounting bracket 2 and the housing 1 are connected, stress is concentrated at point A. To reduce stress concentration at point A, the length of the second side 212 is increased, extending point A to point B. Then, a rounded transition structure 210 is provided on the side of the third side 213 facing the second side 212. The rounded transition structure 210 is connected to the second side 212 via a connecting edge 214, changing the original sharp corner A to a rounded corner CD. This reduces stress concentration at point A and effectively reduces the stress on the mounting bracket 2. For example, the maximum stress on the mounting bracket 2 is reduced from 770 MPa to 3700 MPa.

[0109] like Figure 8 As shown, the cylinder seat 3 includes two second side plates 31, two connecting plates 32, and a second mounting plate 33. The two second side plates 31 are distributed along the axial direction of the housing 1 and connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. The two connecting plates 32 are arranged along a first direction and disposed between the two second side plates 31. At least one of the two connecting plates 32 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 through the second mounting plate 33.

[0110] For example, the second side plate 31 may be an arc plate, and the side of the second side plate 31 facing the housing 1 is provided with a second arc groove. The housing 1 is at least partially disposed in the second arc groove, so that the second side plate 31 and the outer wall of the housing 1 match.

[0111] For example, two connecting plates 32 are sandwiched between two second side plates 31. The two connecting plates 32 can be referred to as the inner plate and the outer plate, respectively. The inner plate is disposed on the side of the second side plate 31 facing the housing 1, and the outer plate is disposed on the side of the second side plate 31 away from the housing 1. The two second side plates 31 and the two connecting plates 32 form a frame structure, and one of the connecting plates 32 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. For example, the inner plate is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0112] like Figures 8-9 As shown, the second side plate 31 has an arc notch 311 on at least one side along the second direction.

[0113] Specifically, the second side plate 31 can initially be an arc-shaped plate. After the second side plate 31 is installed in the housing 1, the stress of the second side plate 31 is concentrated near points E and F, which are sharp corners. By providing an arc-shaped notch 311 in the second side plate 31, for example, by cutting an arc segment EGF with a radius of approximately 200 mm, the stress at point E can be dispersed. When the second side plate 31 is subjected to pressure or tension along the second direction, the arc segment EGF has a stronger bearing capacity than the straight EF and is beneficial to reducing the stress on the cylinder seat 3. For example, the maximum stress on the cylinder seat 3 is reduced from 1620 MPa to 482 MPa.

[0114] Among them, such as Figures 9-10As shown, after an arc notch 311 is provided on one side of the second side plate 31 along the second direction, a second tip 30 is formed on the side of the second side plate 31 along the first direction and toward the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0115] Specifically, the arc notch 311 does not penetrate the two sides of the second side plate 31 along the first direction, and there is a certain gap between the sidewall of the arc notch 311 and the two sides, so as to form a second tip 30 on at least one side of the second side plate 31 along the first direction.

[0116] Understandably, compared to a straight structure, the arc-shaped notch 311 of the arc structure provides a more uniform stress distribution and effectively reduces the stress concentration factor. For example, under tension, the stress concentration factor of the arc transition is 20% higher than the optimal curve, thus better dispersing stress. Furthermore, compared to a straight contact structure, the arc structure significantly reduces the peak stress at the edge of the contact area, thereby improving the fatigue resistance of the structure. However, if the second tip 30 generated by the arc notch 311 were directly connected to the outer wall of the shell 1, stress concentration would occur. Therefore, the second tip 30 is connected to the outer wall of the shell 1 via the arc structure 4 to solve the stress concentration problem.

[0117] like Figures 11-12 As shown, the arc structure 4 includes a first arc structure, and the first tip 20 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1 through the first arc structure. Specifically, the arc portion 41 of the first arc structure includes an arc body 411 and a transition portion 412. The arc body 411 is disposed on the outer wall of the housing 1. The transition portion 412 is disposed on the side of the arc body 411 facing the first tip 20.

[0118] For example, the arc body 411 can be a frustum or a truncated cone structure, and the cross-section of the arc body 411 can be circular or oblong. The transition portion 412 can be a cuboid structure with a second inclined surface 410. The height of both the arc body 411 and the transition portion 412 can be 12 mm. The arc body 411 and the transition portion 412 are connected by a fillet with a radius of 10 mm to reduce stress at the connection point.

[0119] For example, the arc-shaped body 411 and the transition portion 412 can be separate structures, and the arc-shaped body 411 and the transition portion 412 can be connected by welding or bolts; the arc-shaped body 411 and the transition portion 412 can also be a one-piece molded structure, reducing the number of parts assembly steps and lowering production costs. The sum of the lengths of the arc-shaped body 411 and the transition portion 412 is approximately 60 mm.

[0120] For example, the second inclined surface 410 is disposed on the side of the transition portion 412 facing the first tip portion 20, and the inclination angle of the second inclined surface 410 is approximately 40°. The first tip portion 20 is connected to the arc body 411 through the filling portion 42.

[0121] Because of the difficulty in processing smaller arc-shaped bodies 411, the size of arc-shaped bodies 411 is usually larger. However, if the width of the first tip 20 is relatively small, the size difference between the first tip 20 and the arc-shaped body 411 is relatively large, which is not conducive to the transition connection between the first tip 20 and the arc-shaped body 411.

[0122] Therefore, along the axial direction of the housing 1, the width of the transition portion 412 is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped body 411. For example, the width of the transition portion 412 is approximately 12 mm.

[0123] With this configuration, the size of the transition portion 412 is between the first tip portion 20 and the arc body 411, that is, the sizes of the first tip portion 20, the transition portion 412 and the arc body 411 gradually increase. When the first tip portion 20 is connected to the arc body 411 through the transition portion 412, a uniform and smooth transition connection is achieved, avoiding stress concentration when the first tip portion 20 and the arc body 411 are connected.

[0124] like Figures 13-14 As shown, the arc structure 4 also includes a second arc structure, through which the second tip 30 is connected to the outer wall of the housing 1. The arc portion 41 of the second arc structure can initially be a frustum structure; for example, the diameter of the arc portion 41 is greater than 40 mm, and the height of the arc portion 41 is approximately 20 mm. A second inclined surface 410 is provided on the side of the arc portion 41 facing the second tip 30, and the inclination angle of the second inclined surface 410 is approximately 40°.

[0125] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the bridge housing includes a reinforcing structure 5, which is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 1. The reinforcing structure 5 can increase the bending, torsional and shear resistance of the housing 1.

[0126] Specifically, the reinforcing structure 5 includes multiple reinforcing groups 52, and the housing 1 is provided with a through hole 10. The multiple reinforcing groups 52 are located on both sides of the through hole 10 along the axial direction of the housing 1. For example, the reinforcing groups 52 may be reinforcing ribs, reinforcing protrusions, etc.

[0127] Since the through hole 10 is a weak point in the shell 1, the addition of reinforcing assemblies 52 on both weak sides of the shell 1 improves the structural deformation resistance of the shell 1 and reduces deflection and deformation under load. At the same time, the reinforcing assemblies 52 can effectively disperse stress and avoid structural failure caused by excessive local stress.

[0128] Specifically, the reinforcing group 52 includes a plurality of annular reinforcing ribs 521, which are arranged circumferentially along the shell 1 to increase the structural strength of the shell 1 in the circumferential direction. The plurality of annular reinforcing ribs 521 are distributed along the axial direction of the shell 1. For example, along the axial direction of the shell 1, the spacing between two adjacent annular reinforcing ribs 521 is the same, thereby improving the uniformity of the distribution of the annular reinforcing ribs 521.

[0129] The reinforcing structure 5 includes at least one first reinforcing rib 51, which extends along the axial direction of the housing 1 and is disposed between adjacent reinforcing groups 52.

[0130] The first reinforcing rib 51 is relatively long and can be referred to as a long transverse reinforcing rib. It is positioned near the weak point of the through hole 10 to increase the structural strength in that area. Simultaneously, stress concentration easily occurs at the connections between the mounting bracket 2 and the housing 1, and between the cylinder seat 3 and the housing 1, leading to excessively high local stress and becoming weak points in the structure. By placing the first reinforcing rib 51 in the stress concentration area, the stress can be dispersed over a wider area, reducing the local stress level.

[0131] For example, when there are multiple first reinforcing ribs 51, the multiple first reinforcing ribs 51 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis of the housing 1, wherein the central axis of the housing 1 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the housing 1.

[0132] The reinforcing structure 5 also includes a plurality of second reinforcing ribs 53, which are arranged along the axial direction of the shell 1 and between two adjacent annular reinforcing ribs 521.

[0133] Among them, the second reinforcing rib 53 is relatively short in length. The second reinforcing rib 53 can be called a short transverse reinforcing rib. The second reinforcing rib 53 can strengthen the structural strength of the area between two adjacent annular reinforcing ribs 521. At the same time, by utilizing the strength and stiffness of the second reinforcing rib 53 itself, it can bear part of the load, thereby reducing the structural burden of the shell 1.

[0134] By combining the first reinforcing rib 51, the second reinforcing rib 53, and the annular reinforcing rib 521, a reinforcing rib combination method is adopted, which is suitable for complex load conditions and can uniformly distribute stress, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the shell 1.

[0135] In one embodiment, along the axial direction of the housing 1, the sum of the lengths of at least one first reinforcing rib 51 and the lengths of a plurality of second reinforcing ribs 53 is equal to the length of the housing 1.

[0136] Because the shell 1 is a slender, thin-walled structure, the first reinforcing rib 51 and the second reinforcing rib 53 can not only be arranged at stress concentration points in the shell 1, but also form a structure that runs through the shell 1, which can prevent buckling instability and improve structural stability. Without compromising the structural performance of the shell 1, by rationally arranging the position and size of the first reinforcing rib 51 and the second reinforcing rib 53, the amount of material used can be reduced to meet the lightweight requirements of the shell 1.

[0137] like Figure 15 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for controlling bridge shell stress, which includes the following steps:

[0138] S1. Obtain the three-dimensional model of the bridge shell and apply loads to obtain the first actual stress of the bridge shell;

[0139] For example, a three-dimensional model of the axle housing of a mining dump truck is established using computer modeling software, and then the three-dimensional model of the axle housing is simulated and analyzed using finite element analysis software. During the analysis, corresponding loads and constraints are applied according to the actual working conditions of the mining dump truck to simulate the stress distribution of the axle housing under different working conditions.

[0140] S2. Determine whether the first actual stress is less than or equal to the preset stress. If not, proceed to S3; if yes, proceed to S5.

[0141] S3. Optimize the structure of the bridge shell respectively;

[0142] Based on the simulation results, the bridge shell structure was optimized. Specifically, local structural optimization was carried out on the mounting bracket 2, the suspension cylinder seat 3, and the reinforcing structure 5 to improve the strength and stiffness of these locations and reduce the stress value in the stress concentration area.

[0143] S4. Determine whether the second actual stress of the bridge shell after structural optimization is less than or equal to the preset stress. If yes, proceed to S5; otherwise, return to S1.

[0144] S5. Determine the structure of the bridge shell.

[0145] To address the issue of significant stress concentration and fatigue cracking in existing mining dump truck axle shells under heavy loads, finite element analysis (FEM) was used to analyze the axle shell structure and identify stress concentration points. For these stress concentration points, the shape and structure of the corresponding areas were modified, and a matching circular arc structure 4 was added at the stress concentration points. Furthermore, a reinforcing structure 5 was added to the inner wall of the shell 1. By optimizing the axle shell structural layout and implementing local reinforcement design, the stress peak values ​​in key areas were significantly reduced, resulting in a more uniform overall stress distribution. It is expected that the maximum stress of the axle shell can be reduced by more than 40%. For example, the maximum stress in a local area of ​​the axle shell can be reduced by at least 43%, and the overall maximum stress of the axle shell can be reduced by up to 70%, effectively reducing the stress of the axle shell and improving its fatigue resistance.

[0146] This embodiment also provides a dump truck, which can be specifically a mining dump truck, and the dump truck includes the aforementioned axle housing.

[0147] The dump truck provided in this embodiment improves and optimizes the local structure of the axle housing based on the stress distribution of the axle housing, which can meet the lightweight requirements without reducing the strength and stiffness of the axle housing, thereby improving the economy and reliability of the mining dump truck.

[0148] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings and described in this specification are merely one example employing the principles of the invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the principles of the invention are not limited to any details or components of the apparatus shown in the drawings or described in the specification.

[0149] It should be understood that the application of this invention is not limited to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components presented in this specification. The invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented and performed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of this invention. It should be understood that the invention disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the invention. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best known mode for carrying out the invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the invention.

[0150] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and exemplary embodiments are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the appended claims.

[0151] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of protection of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bridge shell, characterized in that, include: case; A mounting bracket is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and located on one side of the housing along a first direction, and a first tip is provided on at least one side of the mounting bracket along a second direction; A cylinder suspension seat is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and located on the other side of the housing along the first direction, and a second tip is provided on at least one side of the cylinder suspension seat along the second direction; An arc-shaped structure, wherein at least one of the first tip and the second tip is connected to the outer wall of the housing via the arc-shaped structure; Wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the axial direction of the shell are all perpendicular to each other; The arc structure includes an arc portion and a filling portion. The arc portion is disposed on the outer wall of the housing. At least one of the first tip portion and the second tip portion is connected to the arc portion through the filling portion. At least one of the first tip and the second tip is provided with a first inclined surface, and the arc portion is provided with a second inclined surface corresponding to the first inclined surface. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are inclined in opposite directions relative to the first direction. The filling portion is disposed between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface; The arc portion includes: An arc-shaped body is disposed on the outer wall of the shell; A transition portion is provided on the side of the arc body facing the first tip portion, and a second inclined surface is provided on the side of the transition portion facing the first tip portion. The first tip portion is connected to the arc body through the filling portion. In the axial direction of the housing, the width of the transition portion is smaller than the width of the arc-shaped body.

2. The bridge housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the housing, the width of the arcuate portion is greater than the width of the first tip portion; And / or, along the axial direction of the housing, the width of the arcuate portion is greater than the width of the second tip portion.

3. The bridge housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height by which the arcuate portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing is equal to the height by which the first pointed portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing; And / or, the height by which the arcuate portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing is equal to the height by which the second tip portion protrudes from the outer wall of the housing.

4. The bridge housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane is greater than or equal to 60°.

5. The bridge housing according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The mounting bracket includes: A cover plate and upright plates are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the second direction, and the cover plate is connected to the outer wall of the housing; Two first side plates are arranged in parallel and spaced apart along the axial direction of the housing, and the first side plates are connected to the outer wall of the housing; A first mounting plate and a bearing seat, wherein the first mounting plate is located on the side of the first side plate away from the housing, one side of the first mounting plate is connected to the cover plate, the upright plate and the first side plate respectively, and the bearing seat is provided on the other side; The first tip is disposed on at least one side of the first side plate along the second direction, and the first tip is disposed on the side of the first side plate along the first direction and facing the housing.

6. The bridge housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cover plate has an arc transition structure on the side facing the housing.

7. The bridge housing according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cylinder seat includes: Two second side plates are distributed along the axial direction of the housing and connected to the outer wall of the housing; Two connecting plates are arranged along the first direction and disposed between the two second side plates, and one of the two connecting plates is connected to the outer wall of the housing via a second mounting plate; The second side plate has an arc notch on at least one side along the second direction, so that the second side plate forms a second tip on the side along the first direction and toward the outer wall of the housing.

8. The bridge housing according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a reinforcing structure disposed on the inner wall of the housing; The reinforcing structure includes at least one first reinforcing rib, multiple reinforcing groups, and multiple second reinforcing ribs. The shell is provided with a through hole, and the multiple reinforcing groups are located on both sides of the through hole along the axial direction of the shell. The first reinforcing rib extends along the axial direction of the shell and is disposed between adjacent reinforcing groups. The reinforcing group includes multiple annular reinforcing ribs, which are distributed along the axial direction of the shell and arranged circumferentially. The second reinforcing rib is arranged along the axial direction of the shell and is disposed between two adjacent annular reinforcing ribs.

9. The bridge housing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the housing, the sum of the lengths of at least one first reinforcing rib and the lengths of a plurality of second reinforcing ribs is equal to the length of the housing.

10. A dump truck, characterized in that, Includes the bridge housing as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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