A lofting method for a ship stern bulwark plate

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of shipbuilding technology and discloses a method for lofting and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship. The method involves selecting the outline waterline of the outer plating and an intermediate waterline between the outline waterlines, and drawing the side projection line L corresponding to each waterline. Based on the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline and L, the straight segment trajectory lines of the unfolded true shape of each waterline are obtained. A first auxiliary line is obtained based on the auxiliary tangent lines of each waterline, the arc segment trajectory points of each waterline, and the corresponding L. Using the determined trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the waterline as the center, and the arc length from the undetermined waterline trajectory point to the corresponding waterline trajectory point as the radius, a second auxiliary line is drawn. Based on each second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line, the arc segment trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of each waterline are obtained, thus obtaining the arc segment trajectory lines of the unfolded true shape of each waterline. This results in the lofting and unfolding diagram of the outer plating. This method can effectively improve efficiency and accuracy, and save costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, specifically to a method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship. Background Technology

[0002] During shipbuilding, for complex stern bulwark plating, especially the bulwark plating in the arc transition area from the side to the stern, the actual length of the line segments can generally only be measured on a 3D model or fabrication template, and the triangular strut method is used to approximate the unfolding. This method is not only complicated and prone to deviation, but also requires allowances for the unfolded parts, which are then cut off after processing and shaping, wasting materials and increasing construction costs.

[0003] If software is used for direct unfolding, existing software cannot unfold accurately. If the judgment is inaccurate during the unfolding process, it is easy to cause errors in the size of the parts, resulting in certain economic losses. Therefore, the existing method of laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of ships has problems such as complicated process, long time, low efficiency, poor accuracy, and inconvenience in subsequent processing and installation.

[0004] This section provides background information related to this application, which is not necessarily prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve or at least alleviate some or all of the above-mentioned problems. Therefore, the purpose of this application is to provide a method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark, avoid dimensional deviations or errors in the outer plating parts, and eliminate the need for excessive allowances in the unfolded parts, thus saving costs and facilitating construction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This application provides a method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship, including the following steps:

[0008] Select the outline waterline of the outer plating of the stern bulwark and an intermediate waterline between the outline waterlines, and draw the side projection line L corresponding to each waterline;

[0009] Select the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline, and project the straight segment trajectory points vertically onto the corresponding projection line L to obtain the straight segment trajectory points of the waterline unfolded into a real shape. Connect the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline unfolded into a real shape to form the straight segment trajectory lines of each waterline unfolded into a real shape.

[0010] Draw auxiliary tangent lines for each waterline. Based on the auxiliary tangent lines for each waterline, the arc segment trajectory points of each waterline, and the corresponding side projection line L, draw the first auxiliary line for each arc trajectory point.

[0011] Using the trajectory point of the determined waterline unfolding shape as the center, and the arc length from the waterline trajectory point to be determined to the corresponding waterline trajectory point as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for each trajectory point. The intersection of the second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line is the arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolding shape of the waterline trajectory point to be determined.

[0012] The arc segment trajectory points of each waterline's unfolded true shape are connected by spline curves to form the arc segment trajectory lines of each waterline's unfolded true shape;

[0013] The straight segments of the unfolded true shape of each waterline and the corresponding curved segments form the unfolded true shape trajectory of each waterline. Connecting the starting points of the unfolded true shape trajectory of each waterline to the starting points and the ending points of the unfolded true shape trajectory of each waterline to the ending points, the resulting graphic is the lofted unfolded diagram of the outer bulwark.

[0014] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the side projection lines L of each waterline include the following steps:

[0015] Select the lower seam waterline, the upper seam waterline, and the intermediate waterline between the lower seam waterline and the upper seam waterline on the outer plating of the stern bulwark. Draw the side projection line L1 of the lower seam waterline, the side projection line L2 of the intermediate waterline, and the side projection line L3 of the upper seam waterline.

[0016] As an optional scheme for the layout and unfolding method of the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the straight section trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline include the following steps: selecting the first seam point m and the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline; vertically projecting the first seam point m of the lower seam waterline onto the L1 line segment to obtain the first seam point M of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; vertically projecting the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline onto the L1 line segment to obtain the side tangent point A of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; wherein, the line connecting M and A is the straight section trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; and / or

[0017] The process of constructing the straight section trajectory of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline includes the following steps: selecting the first seam point n and the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline; vertically projecting the first seam point n of the upper seam waterline onto line segment L3 to obtain the first seam point N of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; vertically projecting the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline onto line segment L3 to obtain the side tangent point G of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline, wherein the line connecting N and G is the straight section trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline.

[0018] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the auxiliary tangent line for the lower seam waterline includes the following steps: projecting the lateral tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the lateral tangent point A of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; projecting the lateral tangent point r of the intermediate waterline vertically onto line segment L2 to obtain auxiliary point R; connecting R and A and extending them to obtain the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam; and / or

[0019] The auxiliary tangent line for the upper seam waterline includes the following steps: project the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the side tangent point G of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; project the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L2 to obtain auxiliary point A′; connect point G and point A′ and extend them to obtain the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam.

[0020] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the following steps are included in the trajectory points of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline:

[0021] Select the arc segment trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, which include at least the tail seam point f of the lower seam waterline and at least two arc segment trajectory points between the tail seam point f and the side tangent point a;

[0022] Project the trajectory points of each arc segment of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the lower seam.

[0023] Draw a perpendicular line from each of the first auxiliary points of the lower seam to the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam. The intersection of this perpendicular line and the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam is the second auxiliary point of the lower seam. Connect the first auxiliary point of the lower seam with the corresponding second auxiliary point of the lower seam to form the first auxiliary line of the lower seam.

[0024] Using A as the center and the arc length from the first arc segment trajectory point to a as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam at the first arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded waterline of the lower seam corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point. Then, using the determined arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded waterline corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length from the second arc segment trajectory point to the first arc segment trajectory point as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam at the second arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded waterline of the lower seam corresponding to the second arc segment trajectory point. And so on, to complete the determination of the arc segment trajectory points of the unfolded waterline corresponding to all arc segment trajectory points.

[0025] Alternatively, with A as the center and the arc length from the point to a of the arc segment trajectory of the bottom seam water line to be determined as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the bottom seam water line at the arc segment trajectory point to be determined. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the bottom seam water line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the bottom seam water line is the arc segment trajectory point of the bottom seam water line water line to be determined, which is the arc segment trajectory point of the bottom seam water line ...

[0026] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the following steps are included in the trajectory points of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline:

[0027] Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, and divide the arc-shaped segment from the lateral tangent point a to the stern seam point f of the lower seam waterline into N-1 points according to the arc length N, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and the arc length between two adjacent points is S1 = S 1总 / (N-1);

[0028] Project N-1 points vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the lower seam.

[0029] Draw a perpendicular line to the extension of line segment RA from each of the first auxiliary points of the bottom seam to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the bottom seam;

[0030] Connect each bottom seam first auxiliary point to the corresponding bottom seam second auxiliary point to obtain the corresponding bottom seam first auxiliary line;

[0031] With point A as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam waterline unfolded into the real shape corresponding to the first arc trajectory point.

[0032] Taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the first arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the arc length S1 as the radius. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the second lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point.

[0033] Then, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point as the center, and the arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the third arc trajectory point.

[0034] Following this pattern, finally, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the N-1th arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to f that corresponds to the lower seam water line.

[0035] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the following steps are included in the trajectory points of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline:

[0036] Select the arc segment trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, and divide the arc length from the side tangent point a to the tail seam point f into five equal parts to obtain points b, c, d, and e;

[0037] Project points b, c, d, e, and f perpendicularly onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary points of the lower seam: points b′, c′, d′, e′, and f′.

[0038] Draw perpendicular lines to the extension of line segment RA through points b′, c′, d′, e′, and f′ respectively, to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the lower seam: points b”, c”, d”, e”, and f”.

[0039] Connect points b′ and b”, c′ and c”, d′ and d”, e′ and e”, and f′ and f” respectively to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary lines of the lower seam: line segment b′b”, line segment c′c”, line segment d′d”, line segment e′e”, and line segment f′f”;

[0040] With point A as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the lower seam. The intersection point B of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment b′b” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the lower seam waterline unfolding true shape corresponding to b; with point B as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the lower seam. The intersection point C of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment c′c” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the lower seam waterline unfolding true shape corresponding to c; with point C as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the lower seam. The intersection point C of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment c′c” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the lower seam waterline unfolding true shape corresponding to c; The intersection point D of the extension of line segment d′d" is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to d; with point D as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam, and the intersection point E of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the extension of line segment e′e" is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to e; with point E as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam, and the intersection point F of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the extension of line segment f′f" is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to f;

[0041] Connect points A, B, C, D, E, and F sequentially using spline curves to obtain the unfolded true trajectory line from the lateral tangent point a of the lower seam waterline to the stern seam point f.

[0042] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the following steps are included in the process of plotting the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline:

[0043] Select the arc segment trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, which include at least the tail seam point q of the upper seam waterline and at least two arc segment trajectory points between the tail seam point q and the side tangent point g;

[0044] Project the trajectory points of each arc segment of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding upper seam first auxiliary point.

[0045] Draw a perpendicular line from each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam. The intersection of this perpendicular line and the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam is the second auxiliary point of the upper seam. Connect the first auxiliary point of the upper seam with the corresponding second auxiliary point of the upper seam to form the first auxiliary line of the upper seam.

[0046] Using G as the center and the arc length from the first arc segment trajectory point to g as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam at the first arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolding form corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point. Then, using the determined arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolding form corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length from the second arc segment trajectory point to the first arc segment trajectory point as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam at the second arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolding form corresponding to the second arc segment trajectory point. Continue in this manner to determine the arc segment trajectory points of the waterline unfolding form corresponding to all arc segment trajectory points.

[0047] Alternatively, with G as the center and the arc length from the point to g of the arc segment trajectory of the upper seam water line to be determined as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam of the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line to be determined. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line corresponding to the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line to be determined.

[0048] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the following steps are included in the process of plotting the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline:

[0049] Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, and divide the arc-shaped segment from the lateral tangent point g to the stern seam point q of the upper seam waterline into N-1 points according to the arc length N, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and the arc length between two adjacent points is S2 = S 2总 / (N-1);

[0050] Project N-1 points vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the upper seam.

[0051] Draw perpendicular lines from the extension of line segment GA′ through each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the upper seam;

[0052] Connect each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to the corresponding second auxiliary point of the upper seam to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam;

[0053] With point G as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded into the real shape corresponding to the first arc trajectory point.

[0054] Taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the first arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the arc length S2 as the radius. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the second upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point.

[0055] Then, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point as the center, and the arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the third arc trajectory point.

[0056] Following this pattern, finally, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the N-1th arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to q.

[0057] As an optional method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark of the ship, the following steps are included in the process of plotting the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline:

[0058] Select the arc segment trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, and divide the arc length from the side tangent point g to the tail seam point q into five equal parts to obtain points h, i, j, and k;

[0059] Project points h, i, j, k, and q perpendicularly onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary points of the upper seam: points h′, i′, j′, k′, and q′.

[0060] Draw perpendicular lines to the extension of line segment RG through points h′, i′, j′, k′, and q′ respectively, to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the upper seam: points h", i", j", k", and q";

[0061] Connect points h′ and h″, i′ and i″, j′ and j″, k′ and k″, and q′ and q″ respectively to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary lines of the upper seam: line segment h′h″, line segment i′i″, line segment j′j″, line segment k′k″, and line segment q′q″.

[0062] With point G as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the upper seam. The intersection point H of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment h′h” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the upper seam waterline unfolded to form the real shape corresponding to h. With point H as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the upper seam. The intersection point I of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment i′i” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the upper seam waterline unfolded to form the real shape corresponding to i. With point I as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the upper seam. The intersection point I of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment i′i” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the upper seam waterline unfolded to form the real shape corresponding to i. The intersection point J of the extension of line segment j′j" is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the true shape corresponding to j; with point J as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam, and the intersection point K of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the extension of line segment k′k" is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the true shape corresponding to k; with point K as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam, and the intersection point Q of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the extension of line segment q′q" is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the true shape corresponding to q;

[0063] Connect points G, H, I, J, K, and Q sequentially using spline curves to obtain the unfolded true trajectory line from the lateral tangent point g of the upper seam waterline to the stern seam point q.

[0064] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0065] The method for laying out the outer plating of the stern bulwark provided in this application involves selecting the outline waterline of the outer plating and an intermediate waterline between the outline waterlines, and drawing the side projection line L corresponding to each waterline; obtaining the straight segment trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of each waterline based on the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline and the projection line L; obtaining a first auxiliary line based on the auxiliary tangent line of each waterline, the arc segment trajectory points of each waterline, and the corresponding side projection line L; using the trajectory point of the determined unfolded true shape of the waterline as the center, and the arc length from the trajectory point to be determined to the corresponding waterline trajectory point as the radius, drawing a second auxiliary line whose intersection with the corresponding first auxiliary line is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded true shape of the waterline to be determined; connecting the arc segment trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of each waterline with spline curves to form the arc segment trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of each waterline; and obtaining the graphic based on the above trajectory lines as the laying out and unfolded diagram of the outer plating of the bulwark.

[0066] This method can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of the layout and unfolding of the stern bulwark outer plate, avoid dimensional deviations or errors in the bulwark outer plate parts, and the unfolded parts do not require excessive allowance, saving costs and facilitating construction. Attached Figure Description

[0067] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this application and these drawings without creative effort.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a partial waterline view of the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a layout drawing of the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0070] Figure 3 This is an unfolded view of the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0071] Before explaining any implementation of this application in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to its application to the structural details and component arrangements set forth in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0072] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0073] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "and / or" relationship.

[0074] In this application, the terms "connection," "combination," "coupling," and "installation" can refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, a direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediary, while an indirect connection refers to two parts or components each being connected to at least one intermediary, with the connection achieved through the intermediary. Furthermore, "connection" and "coupling" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, but can also include electrical connections or couplings.

[0075] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that relative terms (e.g., “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions are to include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, such relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a particular value, tolerances associated with the particular value due to manufacturing, assembly, use, etc. Such terms should also be considered as disclosing a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​not using relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. Furthermore, “basically” when expressing relative angular relationships (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular) may refer to a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) added to or subtracted from the indicated angle.

[0076] This application provides a method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship, including the following steps:

[0077] Step S100: Select the outline waterline of the outer plating of the stern bulwark and an intermediate waterline between the outline waterlines, and draw the side projection line L corresponding to each waterline.

[0078] Step S200: Select the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline, and project the straight segment trajectory points vertically onto the corresponding projection line L to obtain the straight segment trajectory points of the unfolded real shape of the waterline. Connect the straight segment trajectory points of the unfolded real shape of each waterline to form the straight segment trajectory line of the unfolded real shape of each waterline.

[0079] Step S300: Draw auxiliary tangent lines for each waterline. Based on the auxiliary tangent lines for each waterline, the arc segment trajectory points of each waterline, and the corresponding side projection line L, draw the first auxiliary line for each arc trajectory point.

[0080] Step S400: Using the trajectory point of the determined waterline unfolded form as the center, and the arc length from the waterline trajectory point to be determined to the corresponding waterline trajectory point as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for each trajectory point. The intersection of the second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line is the arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolded form of the waterline trajectory point to be determined.

[0081] Step S500: Connect the arc segment trajectory points of each waterline's unfolded true shape using spline curves to form the arc segment trajectory lines of each waterline's unfolded true shape.

[0082] Step S600: The straight section trajectory line of each waterline unfolds and the corresponding arc section trajectory line form the unfolded trajectory line of each waterline. Connect the starting point of each waterline's unfolded trajectory line with the starting point, and connect the ending point of each waterline's unfolded trajectory line with the ending point. The resulting graphic is the lofted unfolded diagram of the outer bulwark plate.

[0083] The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark provided in this application can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark, avoid dimensional deviations or errors in the outer plating parts, and the unfolded parts do not require excessive allowance, saving costs and facilitating construction.

[0084] To better understand the layout and deployment method for the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship provided in this application, the following will combine... Figures 1 to 3 Let's illustrate with specific examples.

[0085] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the side projection line L of each waterline includes the following steps: select the lower seam waterline, the upper seam waterline, and the intermediate waterline between the lower seam waterline and the upper seam waterline of the stern bulwark outer plate, draw the side projection line L1 of the lower seam waterline, draw the side projection line L2 of the intermediate waterline, and draw the side projection line L3 of the upper seam waterline.

[0086] exist Figures 1 to 2 In the example shown, the lower seam waterline is a 7000WL waterline, the upper seam waterline is an 8000WL waterline, and the middle waterline is a 7500WL waterline. The interval between L1, L2, and L3 is 500mm. Of course, in other embodiments, different waterlines can be selected for different stern bulwark outer plates, as long as they are the outline waterlines of the corresponding stern bulwark outer plates and the middle waterlines between the outline waterlines. The interval between the waterlines can also be selected according to specific circumstances and is not limited here.

[0087] Mark the first seam point m, the last seam point f, and the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline; mark the first seam point n, the last seam point q, and the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline; and mark the side tangent point r of the middle seam waterline. Among these, r coincides with g, and m coincides with n.

[0088] See Figure 2As shown, the following steps are included in constructing the straight section trajectory of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline: Select the first seam point m and the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline; project the first seam point m vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the first seam point M of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; project the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the side tangent point A of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; wherein, the line connecting M and A is the straight section trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline.

[0089] See Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included in constructing the straight section trajectory of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline: Select the first seam point n and the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline; project the first seam point n of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the first seam point N of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; project the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the side tangent point G of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; where the line connecting N and G is the straight section trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline.

[0090] See Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the auxiliary tangent line for the lower seam waterline includes: projecting the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the side tangent point A of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; projecting the side tangent point r of the middle waterline vertically onto line segment L2 to obtain the auxiliary point R; connecting R and A and extending them to obtain the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam.

[0091] In one embodiment, the process of creating the arc-shaped trajectory points for the unfolded shape of the lower seam waterline includes the following steps:

[0092] Step S311: Select the arc segment trajectory points of the lower seam waterline. The arc segment trajectory points include at least the tail seam point f of the lower seam waterline and at least two arc segment trajectory points between the tail seam point f and the side tangent point a.

[0093] Step S312: Project the trajectory points of each arc segment of the lower seam water line vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the lower seam.

[0094] Step S313: Draw a perpendicular line from the first auxiliary point of each lower seam to the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam. The intersection of this perpendicular line and the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam is the second auxiliary point of the lower seam. Connect the first auxiliary point of the lower seam with the corresponding second auxiliary point of the lower seam to form the first auxiliary line of the lower seam.

[0095] Step S411: With A as the center and the arc length from the first arc segment trajectory point to a as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam of the first arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam waterline unfolding shape corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point. Then, with the determined arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolding shape corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point as the center and the arc length from the second arc segment trajectory point to the first arc segment trajectory point as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam of the second arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam waterline unfolding shape corresponding to the second arc segment trajectory point. And so on, to complete the determination of the arc segment trajectory points of the waterline unfolding shape corresponding to all arc segment trajectory points.

[0096] In other embodiments, step 411 above may also be performed as follows: with A as the center and the arc length from the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam water line to be determined to a as the radius, draw the lower seam second auxiliary line of the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam water line to be determined. The intersection of the lower seam second auxiliary line and the corresponding lower seam first auxiliary line is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam water line corresponding to the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam water line to be determined.

[0097] In another embodiment, the arc segment trajectory points for forming the unfolded true shape of the lower seam water line include the following steps:

[0098] Step S321: Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the lower seam waterline. Divide the arc-shaped segment from the lateral tangent point a to the stern seam point f of the lower seam waterline into N-1 equal parts according to the arc length N, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and the arc length between two adjacent points is S1 = S 1总 / (N-1).

[0099] Step S322: Project N-1 points vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the lower seam.

[0100] Step S323: Draw a perpendicular line to the extension of line segment RA through each of the first auxiliary points of the lower seam to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary point of the lower seam.

[0101] Step S324: Connect each bottom seam first auxiliary point to the corresponding bottom seam second auxiliary point to obtain the corresponding bottom seam first auxiliary line.

[0102] Step S421: With point A as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam waterline unfolded into the real shape corresponding to the first arc trajectory point.

[0103] Step S422: Using the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam water line corresponding to the first arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the arc length S1 as the radius. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the second lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam water line corresponding to the second arc trajectory point.

[0104] Step S423: Using the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam water line of the second arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the arc length S1 as the radius to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam water line of the third arc trajectory point.

[0105] Step S424, and so on, finally take the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the N-1th arc segment trajectory point as the center, and draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the arc length S1 as the radius to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to f.

[0106] In yet another embodiment, the arc segment trajectory points for determining the unfolded true shape of the lower seam water line include the following steps:

[0107] Step S331: Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the lower seam waterline. Divide the arc length from the lateral tangent point a of the lower seam waterline to the stern seam point f into five equal parts. The arc length between any two adjacent points is S1 = S 1总 / 4, and we get points b, c, d, and e.

[0108] Step S332: Project points b, c, d, e, and f vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary points of the lower seam: points b′, c′, d′, e′, and f′.

[0109] Step S333: Draw perpendicular lines to the extension of line segment RA through points b′, c′, d′, e′, and f′ respectively, to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the lower seam: points b”, c”, d”, e”, and f”.

[0110] Step S334: Connect points b′ and b”, c′ and c”, d′ and d”, e′ and e”, and f′ and f” respectively to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary lines of the lower seam: line segment b′b”, line segment c′c”, line segment d′d”, line segment e′e”, and line segment f′f”.

[0111] Step S431: With point A as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection point B of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension line of line segment b′b” is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded real shape of the lower seam water line corresponding to b.

[0112] Step S432: With point B as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection point C of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension line of line segment c′c” is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded real shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to c.

[0113] Step S433: With point C as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection point D of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension line of line segment d′d” is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded real shape of the lower seam water line corresponding to d.

[0114] Step S434: With point D as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection point E of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension line of line segment e′e” is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded real shape of the lower seam water line corresponding to e.

[0115] Step S435: With point E as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection point F of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension line of line segment f′f” is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded real shape of the lower seam water line corresponding to f.

[0116] Step S531: Connect points A, B, C, D, E, and F sequentially using spline curves to obtain the unfolded true trajectory line from the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline to the tail seam point f.

[0117] In other embodiments, among the selected arc-shaped segment trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, the arc-shaped segment from the side tangent point a to the tail seam point f of the lower seam waterline can be divided into three equal parts according to the arc length to obtain two trajectory points, or three equal parts to obtain three equal parts, or five equal parts to obtain six equal parts, or six equal parts to obtain six trajectory points. The number of equal parts of the arc-shaped segment from the side tangent point a to the tail seam point f of the lower seam waterline can be any number of three or more, and there is no limitation here.

[0118] Next, combined Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the process of creating the unfolded solid trajectory line of the upper seam water line is described below.

[0119] The auxiliary tangent line for the upper seam waterline includes: projecting the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the side tangent point G of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; projecting the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L2 to obtain auxiliary point A′; connecting point G and point A′ and extending them to obtain the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam.

[0120] In one embodiment, the arc segment trajectory points for forming the unfolded true shape of the upper seam water line include the following steps:

[0121] Step S341: Select the arc segment trajectory points of the upper seam waterline. The arc segment trajectory points include at least the tail seam point q of the upper seam waterline and at least two arc segment trajectory points between the tail seam point q and the side tangent point g.

[0122] Step S342: Project the trajectory points of each arc segment of the upper seam water line vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the upper seam.

[0123] Step S343: Draw a perpendicular line from each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam. The intersection of this perpendicular line and the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam is the second auxiliary point of the upper seam. Connect the first auxiliary point of the upper seam with the corresponding second auxiliary point of the upper seam to form the first auxiliary line of the upper seam.

[0124] Step S441: With G as the center and the arc length from the first arc segment trajectory point to g as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam of the first arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolding form corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point. Then, with the determined arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolding form corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point as the center and the arc length from the second arc segment trajectory point to the first arc segment trajectory point as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam of the second arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolding form corresponding to the second arc segment trajectory point. And so on, to complete the determination of the arc segment trajectory points of the waterline unfolding form corresponding to all arc segment trajectory points.

[0125] In other embodiments, step 441 above may also be performed as follows: with G as the center and the arc length from the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line to be determined to g as the radius, draw the upper seam second auxiliary line of the upper seam water line arc segment trajectory point to be determined. The intersection of the upper seam second auxiliary line and the corresponding upper seam first auxiliary line is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam water line arc segment trajectory point to be determined.

[0126] In another embodiment, the arc-shaped trajectory points for forming the unfolded true shape of the upper seam water line include the following steps:

[0127] Step S351: Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the upper seam waterline. Divide the arc-shaped segment from the lateral tangent point g to the stern seam point q of the upper seam waterline into N-1 equal parts according to the arc length N, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and the arc length between two adjacent points is S2 = S 2总 / (N-1).

[0128] Step S352: Project N-1 points vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the upper seam.

[0129] Step S353: Draw a perpendicular line from the extension of line segment GA′ through each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary point of the upper seam.

[0130] Step S354: Connect each upper seam first auxiliary point to the corresponding upper seam second auxiliary point to obtain the corresponding upper seam first auxiliary line.

[0131] Step S451: With point G as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the real shape corresponding to the first arc trajectory point.

[0132] Step S452: Using the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline corresponding to the first arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the arc length S2 as the radius. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the second upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline corresponding to the second arc trajectory point.

[0133] Step S453: Using the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line corresponding to the second arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the arc length S2 as the radius to obtain the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line corresponding to the third arc trajectory point.

[0134] Step S454, and so on, finally take the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the N-1th arc segment trajectory point as the center, and draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the arc length S2 as the radius to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to q.

[0135] In yet another embodiment, the arc segment trajectory points for forming the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline include the following steps:

[0136] Step S361: Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the upper seam waterline. Divide the arc length from the lateral tangent point g of the upper seam waterline to the stern seam point q into five equal parts. The arc length between any two adjacent points is S2 = S 2总 / 4, and we get points h, i, j, and k.

[0137] Step S362: Project points h, i, j, k, and q vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary points of the upper seam: points h′, i′, j′, k′, and q′.

[0138] Step S363: Draw perpendicular lines to the extension of line segment RG through points h′, i′, j′, k′, and q′ respectively, to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the upper seam: points h", i", j", k", and q".

[0139] Step S364: Connect points h′ and h”, i′ and i”, j′ and j”, k′ and k”, and q′ and q” respectively to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary lines of the upper seam: line segment h′h”, line segment i′i”, line segment j′j”, line segment k′k”, and line segment q′q”.

[0140] Step S461: With point G as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection point H of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension line of line segment h′h” is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in real shape corresponding to h.

[0141] Step S462: With point H as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection point I of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension line of line segment i′i” is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in real shape corresponding to i.

[0142] Step S463: With point I as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection point J of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension line of line segment j′j” is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in real shape corresponding to j.

[0143] Step S464: With point J as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection point K of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension line of line segment k′k” is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in real shape corresponding to k.

[0144] Step S465: With point K as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection point Q of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension line of line segment q′q” is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in real shape corresponding to q.

[0145] Step S561: Connect points G, H, I, J, K, and Q sequentially using spline curves to obtain the unfolded true trajectory line from the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline to the tail seam point q.

[0146] In other embodiments, among the selected arc-shaped segment trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, the arc-shaped segment from the side tangent point g of the lower seam waterline to the tail seam point q can be divided into three equal parts according to the arc length to obtain two trajectory points, or three equal parts to obtain three equal parts, or five equal parts to obtain five equal parts, or six equal parts to obtain six equal parts. The number of equal parts of the arc-shaped segment from the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline to the tail seam point q can be any number of three or more, and there is no limitation here.

[0147] The method for laying out the stern bulwark outer plating provided in this application requires the determination of auxiliary tangent lines RA and GA′ when the waterline tangent points coincide. This method has the following advantages: 1) It is simple and easy to operate. 2) It is reliable and applicable. 3) It is suitable for various types of stern bulwark outer plating. 4) It can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of laying out the bulwark outer plating. 5) It can save materials and reduce production costs.

[0148] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this application in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Select the outline waterline of the outer plating of the stern bulwark and an intermediate waterline between the outline waterlines, and draw the side projection line L corresponding to each waterline; Select the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline, and project the straight segment trajectory points vertically onto the corresponding projection line L to obtain the straight segment trajectory points of the waterline unfolded into a real shape. Connect the straight segment trajectory points of each waterline unfolded into a real shape to form the straight segment trajectory lines of each waterline unfolded into a real shape. Draw auxiliary tangent lines for each waterline. Based on the auxiliary tangent lines for each waterline, the arc segment trajectory points of each waterline, and the corresponding side projection line L, draw the first auxiliary line for each arc trajectory point. Using the trajectory point of the determined waterline unfolding shape as the center, and the arc length from the waterline trajectory point to be determined to the corresponding waterline trajectory point as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for each trajectory point. The intersection of the second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line is the arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolding shape of the waterline trajectory point to be determined. The arc segment trajectory points of each waterline's unfolded true shape are connected by spline curves to form the arc segment trajectory lines of each waterline's unfolded true shape; The straight segments of the unfolded true shape of each waterline and the corresponding curved segments form the unfolded true shape trajectory of each waterline. Connecting the starting points of the unfolded true shape trajectory of each waterline to the starting points and the ending points of the unfolded true shape trajectory of each waterline to the ending points, the resulting graphic is the lofted unfolded diagram of the outer bulwark.

2. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for drawing the side projection lines L of each waterline are as follows: Select the lower seam waterline, the upper seam waterline, and the intermediate waterline between the lower seam waterline and the upper seam waterline on the outer plating of the stern bulwark. Draw the side projection line L1 of the lower seam waterline, the side projection line L2 of the intermediate waterline, and the side projection line L3 of the upper seam waterline.

3. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of constructing the straight section trajectory of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline includes the following steps: selecting the first seam point m and the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline; vertically projecting the first seam point m onto line segment L1 to obtain the first seam point M of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; vertically projecting the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline onto line segment L1 to obtain the side tangent point A of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; wherein, the line connecting M and A is the straight section trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; and / or The process of constructing the straight section trajectory of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline includes the following steps: selecting the first seam point n and the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline; vertically projecting the first seam point n of the upper seam waterline onto line segment L3 to obtain the first seam point N of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; vertically projecting the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline onto line segment L3 to obtain the side tangent point G of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline, wherein the line connecting N and G is the straight section trajectory line of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline.

4. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 3, characterized in that, The auxiliary tangent line for the lower seam waterline includes the following steps: Projecting the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the side tangent point A of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline; projecting the side tangent point r of the intermediate waterline vertically onto line segment L2 to obtain auxiliary point R; connecting R and A and extending them to obtain the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam; and / or The auxiliary tangent line for the upper seam waterline includes the following steps: project the side tangent point g of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the side tangent point G of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline; project the side tangent point a of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L2 to obtain auxiliary point A′; connect point G and point A′ and extend them to obtain the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam.

5. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that, The following steps are included in drawing the arc-shaped trajectory points of the lower seam waterline development: Select the arc segment trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, which include at least the tail seam point f of the lower seam waterline and at least two arc segment trajectory points between the tail seam point f and the side tangent point a; Project the trajectory points of each arc segment of the lower seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the lower seam. Draw a perpendicular line from each of the first auxiliary points of the lower seam to the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam. The intersection of this perpendicular line and the auxiliary tangent line RA of the lower seam is the second auxiliary point of the lower seam. Connect the first auxiliary point of the lower seam with the corresponding second auxiliary point of the lower seam to form the first auxiliary line of the lower seam. Using A as the center and the arc length from the first arc segment trajectory point to a as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam at the first arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded waterline of the lower seam corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point. Then, using the determined arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded waterline corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length from the second arc segment trajectory point to the first arc segment trajectory point as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam at the second arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the unfolded waterline of the lower seam corresponding to the second arc segment trajectory point. And so on, to complete the determination of the arc segment trajectory points of the unfolded waterline corresponding to all arc segment trajectory points. Alternatively, with A as the center and the arc length from the point to a of the arc segment trajectory of the bottom seam water line to be determined as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the bottom seam water line at the arc segment trajectory point to be determined. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the bottom seam water line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the bottom seam water line is the arc segment trajectory point of the bottom seam water line water line to be determined, which is the arc segment trajectory point of the bottom seam water line ...

6. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of constructing the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline includes the following steps: Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, and divide the arc-shaped segment from the lateral tangent point a to the stern seam point f of the lower seam waterline into N-1 points according to the arc length N, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and the arc length between two adjacent points is S1 = S 1总 / (N-1); Project N-1 points vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the lower seam. Draw a perpendicular line to the extension of line segment RA from each of the first auxiliary points of the bottom seam to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the bottom seam; Connect each bottom seam first auxiliary point to the corresponding bottom seam second auxiliary point to obtain the corresponding bottom seam first auxiliary line; With point A as the center and arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the lower seam waterline unfolded into the real shape corresponding to the first arc trajectory point. Taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the first arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the arc length S1 as the radius. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the second lower seam is the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point. Then, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point as the center, and the arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the lower seam waterline of the third arc trajectory point. Following this pattern, finally, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the N-1th arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length S1 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to f that corresponds to the lower seam water line.

7. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 6, characterized in that, The following steps are included in drawing the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam water line: Select the arc segment trajectory points of the lower seam waterline, and divide the arc length from the side tangent point a to the tail seam point f into five equal parts to obtain points b, c, d, and e; Project points b, c, d, e, and f perpendicularly onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary points of the lower seam: points b′, c′, d′, e′, and f′. Draw perpendicular lines to the extension of line segment RA through points b′, c′, d′, e′, and f′ respectively, to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the lower seam: points b”, c”, d”, e”, and f”. Connect points b′ and b”, c′ and c”, d′ and d”, e′ and e”, and f′ and f” respectively to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary lines of the lower seam: line segment b′b”, line segment c′c”, line segment d′d”, line segment e′e”, and line segment f′f”; With point A as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the lower seam. The intersection point B of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment b′b” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the lower seam waterline unfolding true shape corresponding to b; with point B as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the lower seam. The intersection point C of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment c′c” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the lower seam waterline unfolding true shape corresponding to c; with point C as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the lower seam. The intersection point C of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment c′c” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the lower seam waterline unfolding true shape corresponding to c; The intersection point D of the extension of line segment d′d" is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to d; with point D as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam, and the intersection point E of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the extension of line segment e′e" is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to e; with point E as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the lower seam, and the intersection point F of the second auxiliary line of the lower seam with the extension of line segment f′f" is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the unfolded true shape of the lower seam waterline corresponding to f; Connect points A, B, C, D, E, and F sequentially using spline curves to obtain the unfolded true trajectory line from the lateral tangent point a of the lower seam waterline to the stern seam point f.

8. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of constructing the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline includes the following steps: Select the arc segment trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, which include at least the tail seam point q of the upper seam waterline and at least two arc segment trajectory points between the tail seam point q and the side tangent point g; Project the trajectory points of each arc segment of the upper seam waterline vertically onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding upper seam first auxiliary point. Draw a perpendicular line from each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam. The intersection of this perpendicular line and the auxiliary tangent line GA′ of the upper seam is the second auxiliary point of the upper seam. Connect the first auxiliary point of the upper seam with the corresponding second auxiliary point of the upper seam to form the first auxiliary line of the upper seam. Using G as the center and the arc length from the first arc segment trajectory point to g as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam at the first arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolding form corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point. Then, using the determined arc segment trajectory point of the waterline unfolding form corresponding to the first arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length from the second arc segment trajectory point to the first arc segment trajectory point as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam at the second arc segment trajectory point. The intersection of this second auxiliary line and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolding form corresponding to the second arc segment trajectory point. Continue in this manner to determine the arc segment trajectory points of the waterline unfolding form corresponding to all arc segment trajectory points. Alternatively, with G as the center and the arc length from the point to g of the arc segment trajectory of the upper seam water line to be determined as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam of the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line to be determined. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line corresponding to the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam water line to be determined.

9. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of constructing the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline includes the following steps: Select the arc-shaped trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, and divide the arc-shaped segment from the lateral tangent point g to the stern seam point q of the upper seam waterline into N-1 points according to the arc length N, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and the arc length between two adjacent points is S2 = S 2总 / (N-1); Project N-1 points vertically onto line segment L3 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary point of the upper seam. Draw perpendicular lines from the extension of line segment GA′ through each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the upper seam; Connect each of the first auxiliary points of the upper seam to the corresponding second auxiliary point of the upper seam to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary line of the upper seam; With point G as the center and arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded into the real shape corresponding to the first arc trajectory point. Taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the first arc trajectory point as the center, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the arc length S2 as the radius. The intersection of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam and the extension of the first auxiliary line of the second upper seam is the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point. Then, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the second arc trajectory point as the center, and the arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the upper seam waterline of the third arc trajectory point. Following this pattern, finally, taking the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to the N-1th arc segment trajectory point as the center, and using the arc length S2 as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam to obtain the arc segment trajectory point corresponding to q.

10. The method for laying out and unfolding the outer plating of the stern bulwark of a ship according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of constructing the arc-shaped trajectory points of the unfolded true shape of the upper seam waterline includes the following steps: Select the arc segment trajectory points of the upper seam waterline, and divide the arc length from the side tangent point g to the tail seam point q into five equal parts to obtain points h, i, j, and k; Project points h, i, j, k, and q perpendicularly onto line segment L1 to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary points of the upper seam: points h′, i′, j′, k′, and q′. Draw perpendicular lines to the extension of line segment RG through points h′, i′, j′, k′, and q′ respectively, to obtain the corresponding second auxiliary points of the upper seam: points h", i", j", k", and q"; Connect points h′ and h″, i′ and i″, j′ and j″, k′ and k″, and q′ and q″ respectively to obtain the corresponding first auxiliary lines of the upper seam: line segment h′h″, line segment i′i″, line segment j′j″, line segment k′k″, and line segment q′q″. With point G as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the upper seam. The intersection point H of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment h′h” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the upper seam waterline unfolded to form the real shape corresponding to h. With point H as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the upper seam. The intersection point I of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment i′i” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the upper seam waterline unfolded to form the real shape corresponding to i. With point I as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw a second auxiliary line for the upper seam. The intersection point I of this second auxiliary line and the extension of line segment i′i” is the trajectory point of the arc segment of the upper seam waterline unfolded to form the real shape corresponding to i. The intersection point J of the extension of line segment j′j" is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the true shape corresponding to j; with point J as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam, and the intersection point K of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the extension of line segment k′k" is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the true shape corresponding to k; with point K as the center and arc length L as the radius, draw the second auxiliary line of the upper seam, and the intersection point Q of the second auxiliary line of the upper seam with the extension of line segment q′q" is the arc segment trajectory point of the upper seam waterline unfolded in the true shape corresponding to q; Connect points G, H, I, J, K, and Q sequentially using spline curves to obtain the unfolded true trajectory line from the lateral tangent point g of the upper seam waterline to the stern seam point q.

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