A fall prevention device for steel hoisting shafts and its working method

Abstract

This invention discloses a fall prevention device for steel tank hoisting in vertical shafts and its operating method. The device includes a main tie rod with a rectangular cross-section. Its upper end is connected to the hoisting rope via a wedge-shaped rope loop, and its lower end is supported and connected to a drive frame. The drive frame has a square hole in the middle of its bottom for the main tie rod to pass through. Two pairs of support arm assemblies are fixed to both sides of the drive frame and are symmetrical about the axis of the main tie rod. Each pair of support arm assemblies includes two support arm units, which are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the steel tank hoisting along the axis of the steel tank hoisting. Each support arm unit is connected to a cam brake caliper via a linkage assembly. An elastic connector is vertically connected between the drive frame and the hoisting container frame. Under the action of the hoisting force, the elastic connector is compressed by the drive frame, and the cam brake calipers are located on both sides of the steel tank hoisting at a preset gap position. This invention has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, and no need for external energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety equipment technology, specifically to a steel container hoisting anti-fall device and its working method for vertical shaft hoisting, used to prevent hoisting containers or hoisting containers from falling due to breakage of hoisting ropes or main tie rods. Background Technology

[0002] In existing steel tank hoisting systems, the fall arrestors for the hoisting containers mostly use the BF series. These fall arrestors require two additional full-length fall arrest ropes from the wellhead to the bottom of the well, and the brake ropes need a certain tension. The upper part of the rope ends is connected to connectors, buffers, etc., and the lower part of the rope ends is equipped with tensioning devices. The structure is complex, and the use and maintenance are relatively complicated, which greatly increases the cost of use.

[0003] In addition, as the well depth increases, the length of the brake rope increases, and the weight and swing of the brake rope will increase. Consequently, the tension and load-bearing capacity of the brake rope need to be increased, which increases the difficulty of use and maintenance and the corresponding cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above technical problems, this invention proposes a steel tank hoisting anti-fall device and its working method for vertical shaft hoisting. This device has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, no need for external energy, no need for additional anti-fall ropes, and low cost.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fall prevention device for a steel hoisting system in a vertical shaft, installed at the center of the top of the hoisting container, includes: The main tie rod has a rectangular cross-section. Its upper end is connected to the lifting rope through a wedge-shaped rope loop, and its lower end is supported and connected to the drive frame. The drive frame has a square hole in the middle of its bottom for the main tie rod to pass through. Two pairs of support arm assemblies are fixed on both sides of the drive frame and symmetrical about the axis of the main tie rod. Each pair of support arm assemblies includes two support arm units, which are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the steel tank track along the axis of the steel tank track. Each support arm unit is connected to a cam brake caliper through a linkage assembly. A flexible connector is vertically connected between the drive frame and the lifting container frame; Under the action of lifting force, the elastic connecting piece is compressed by the drive frame, and the cam brake calipers are located on both sides of the steel tank track, at the preset gap position.

[0006] Beneficial effects:

[0007] First, the present invention uses a rectangular cross-section with a rectangular guide groove to prevent the main tie rod from rotating during braking, which would affect the operation of the transmission shaft. Through the linkage design of the main tie rod and the brake caliper, the friction and deformation force of the existing steel canister and the cam brake caliper of the anti-fall device are used to form a reliable self-locking, thereby forming a safe braking.

[0008] Secondly, each cam brake caliper uses an independent linkage component to ensure that each brake caliper has sufficient freedom to be pressed against the steel canister, avoiding mutual interference of brake calipers during operation due to deviations in the steel canister and lifting capacity.

[0009] Third, it is purely mechanically triggered, requiring no electricity or hydraulic power, making it suitable for the harsh environment of mines.

[0010] Fourth, it responds quickly, with a time of less than 0.5 seconds, and the static braking distance can be controlled within 0.1 meters.

[0011] Fifth, it has low maintenance costs and its lifespan can be extended to improve the lifespan of the container.

[0012] As a further limitation of the technical means of the steel tank hoisting anti-fall device for vertical shaft hoisting of the present invention, the lower end of the main tie rod is provided with a boss, and the boss extends radially to form a support surface for supporting the drive frame.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The bottom boss extends radially to form a support surface to bear the gravity load of the lifting container. In the event of a rope breakage or main tie rod breakage, the lifting container loses weight and can be displaced downwards under the action of spring force.

[0014] As a further definition of the technical means of the steel tank hoisting anti-fall device of the present invention, the elastic connecting member includes springs and vertical guide rods symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main tie rod; one end of the vertical guide rod is fixed to the drive frame, and the other end is fixed to the hoisting container frame, and the spring is coaxially sleeved on the vertical guide rod.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The spring is equipped with a guide rod and directly connected to the drive frame, which ensures that the spring extends and contracts axially during operation, making the drive device more responsive.

[0016] As a further limitation of the technical means of the steel tank guide anti-fall device for vertical shaft hoisting of the present invention, the drive frame is a square groove bottom plate structure, and a rectangular square hole is provided in the center of the bottom plate for the main tie rod to pass through. Circular holes are symmetrically opened on both sides of the rectangular square hole. One end of the vertical guide rod passes through the circular hole and is fixed to the drive frame by a nut locking member, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hoisting container frame.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The square structure can prevent rotation when the force is uneven during operation and is easy to manufacture. The symmetrical arrangement and vertical guide rod connection with corresponding elastic connectors ensure the balance of elastic forces on both sides and smooth operation during braking.

[0018] As a further definition of the technical means of the steel tank hoisting anti-fall device for vertical shaft hoisting of the present invention, the linkage component includes a drive shaft, a connecting rod, and a swing rod, wherein one end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the cam, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the swing rod; the other end of the swing rod is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the outer end of the support arm unit.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the outer end of the support arm and the rocker arm. During braking, the vertical position of the transmission frame driven by the spring force can be effectively converted into the rotation of the transmission shaft, thereby driving the cam brake caliper to rotate and press against the steel can.

[0020] As a further limitation of the technical means of the steel tank hoisting anti-fall device for vertical shaft hoisting of the present invention, the hoisting container frame is fixed with a bearing seat, and the front end and rear end of each drive shaft are respectively supported by a bearing seat.

[0021] Beneficial effects: It ensures effective support at both ends of the drive shaft and transfers the load generated by braking to the lifting frame, thereby achieving effective braking of the container.

[0022] As a further limitation of the technical means of the anti-fall device for steel tank hoisting in the present invention, the surface of the cam brake caliper is provided with a serrated texture and is hardened by quenching, and its hardness is higher than that of the steel tank material.

[0023] As a further limitation of the technical means of the steel tank hoisting anti-fall device for vertical shaft hoisting of the present invention, a limiting plate is provided on the main tie rod to limit the downward displacement of the main tie rod.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The serrated texture on the surface of the cam brake caliper, after quenching and hardening treatment, effectively increases the friction coefficient between the cam brake caliper and the steel guide rail, thereby increasing the reliability of the system. A limit plate is installed on the main tie rod to prevent excessive downward displacement of the main tie rod in the event of an accident, which could cause injury upon impact.

[0025] This invention further discloses a method for operating the aforementioned anti-fall device for steel hoisting shafts, characterized in that... Under normal conditions, the elastic connecting parts of the lifting container are compressed by the drive frame under the action of gravity, and there is a preset gap between the cam brake caliper and the steel tank channel. When the lifting rope or main tie rod of the lifting container breaks, the drive frame moves downward under the elastic force of the elastic connector, and then drives the cam brake caliper to rotate upward through the linkage component to press the steel tank channel. Instantaneous braking is achieved through the friction and mechanical engagement between the cam brake caliper and the steel tank channel. Replace the damaged main tie rod or wire rope and reconnect it. After confirming that everything is correct, lift the main tie rod upward. Under the action of traction, drive the bracket to overcome the elastic force of the elastic connector and move upward. Drive the cam brake caliper downward through the linkage component to release the tank passage and realize the rapid reset of the anti-fall device.

[0026] As a further limitation of the working method of the present invention, when the cam brake caliper contacts the steel can guideway, the angle θ between the line connecting the contact point and the center of the transmission shaft and the horizontal line satisfies the following condition: , where μ is the coefficient of friction, to achieve self-locking braking.

[0027] Beneficial effects: During the design process, the profile of the cam brake caliper and the center distance of the drive shaft are adjusted according to the size of the lifting container and the surface condition of the steel tank to ensure self-locking during braking and improve the self-locking safety factor. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of a steel tank track anti-fall device installed on a lifting container; Figure 2 : Figure 1 Side view; Figure 3 : Figure 1 Top view without the wedge-shaped rope loop; Figure 4 Front view of the steel tank track anti-fall device; Figure 5 Top view of the steel tank track anti-fall device; Figure 6 : Figure 5 AA section view; Figure 7 : Structural diagram of the drive frame; Figure 8 : Figure 7 DD sectional view; Figure 9 : Structural diagram of the main tie rod; Figure 10 : Figure 9 Side view; Figure 11 : A diagram illustrating the forces acting between the cam brake caliper and the steel canister during braking; In the diagram, 1. Cam brake caliper; 2. Shaft seat; 3. Nut; 4. Limiting plate; 5. Limiting plate bolt; 6. Spring; 7. Spring guide rod; 8. Movable beam; 9. Drive shaft; 10. Swing rod; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Drive frame; 12-1. Square hole; 12-2. Round hole; 12-3. Support arm; 13. Main tie rod; 13-1. Boss; 14. Lifting container; 15. Guide ear; 16. Wedge rope ring; 17. Steel tank track. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this invention utilizes the linkage design of the main pull rod and the brake caliper to form a reliable self-locking mechanism through the friction and deformation forces of the existing steel can guideway and the cam brake caliper of the anti-fall device, thereby achieving safe braking. Each cam brake caliper adopts an independent linkage component, ensuring that each brake caliper has sufficient freedom to press against the steel can guideway, avoiding mutual interference of the brake calipers during operation due to deviations in the steel can guideway and the lifting capacity.

[0031] Structural design: like Figures 4-8 As shown, the anti-fall device for the steel tank hoisting system of this vertical shaft consists of a main tie rod 13, a spring 6, a drive frame 12, a transmission shaft 9, a connecting rod 11, a swing rod 10, and a cam brake caliper 1. When the hoisting rope or the main tie rod 13 of the hoisting container breaks, the drive frame 12 drives the cam brake caliper 1 under the action of the spring force, and instantaneous braking is achieved through the friction and mechanical engagement between the cam brake caliper 1 and the steel tank hoisting system 17.

[0032] Replace the damaged main tie rod or wire rope and reconnect it. After confirming that everything is correct, lift the main tie rod upward. Under the action of traction, drive the bracket to move upward and drive the drive shaft to rotate. The cam brake caliper releases the tank passage, realizing the rapid reset of the anti-fall device.

[0033] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the main tie rod 13 has a rectangular cross-section, and a boss 13-1 is provided at the lower end of the main tie rod. The boss 13-1 extends radially to form a support surface.

[0034] The small end of the main tie rod 13 passes through the square hole 12-1 in the middle of the bottom of the drive frame. The square groove bottom plate in the middle of the drive frame 12 has a round hole 12-2. One end of the spring guide rod 7 is fixedly connected to the round hole 12-2 of the drive frame 12 by a nut fastener, and the other end is connected to the lifting container frame. Each spring guide rod 7 is coaxially sleeved with a spring 6.

[0035] The drive frame 12 has two pairs of support arm groups on both sides. The two pairs of support arm groups are symmetrical about the axis of the main tie rod. Each support arm group has two support arms 12-3 symmetrically arranged around the circular hole 12-2. Each support arm 12-3 is connected to a cam brake caliper 1 through a linkage assembly.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the linkage assembly includes a drive shaft 9, a connecting rod 11, and a rocker arm 10, wherein one end of the drive shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the cam brake caliper 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the rocker arm 10. The other end of the swing arm 10 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 11, and the other end of the connecting rod 11 is hinged to the outer end of the support arm 12-3. Four drive shafts 9 are symmetrically arranged along the center of the lifting container. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the outer end of the support arm and the swing arm. During braking, the vertical position of the transmission frame driven by the spring force can be effectively converted into the rotation of the drive shaft, thereby driving the cam brake caliper to rotate and press against the steel tank track.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, eight bearing seats 2 are symmetrically fixed to the lifting container frame, and each drive shaft 9 passes through two bearing seats 2 to form a rotational support connection. The bearing seats ensure effective support at both ends of the drive shaft and transmit the load generated by braking to the lifting container frame, thereby achieving effective braking of the container.

[0038] The main tie rod 13 is connected to the lifting rope through a wedge-shaped rope loop. Under the action of the lifting force, the spring is compressed by the drive frame. The cam brake calipers 1 are located on both sides of the steel tank track and at the preset gap position.

[0039] When the rope breaks or the main tie rod breaks, the entire device is in a state of weightlessness. The drive frame 12 moves downward under the action of the spring force and is driven by the transmission shaft 9. The cam brake caliper rotates upward to press against the steel tank channel. Under the action of friction and deformation force, the container is stopped to prevent it from falling into the well.

[0040] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this device, a limit plate 4 is installed on the main tie rod 13 to limit the downward displacement of the main tie rod and prevent the main tie rod from falling and injuring people when the rope breaks.

[0041] In practical applications, the surface of the cam brake caliper 1 can be further machined as follows: Figure 2 The serrated shape shown indicates that the brake caliper has undergone surface hardening treatment, resulting in a surface hardness far exceeding that of the steel canister. During braking, this causes deformation of the steel canister surface, effectively increasing the coefficient of friction. Simultaneously, the steel canister generates a corresponding deformation force, enhancing the reliability of the device.

[0042] Material selection: 1. The cam brake caliper is made of high-hardness alloy steel, such as 40Cr or 42CrMo, with surface hardening treatment to improve wear resistance.

[0043] 2. The spring components are made of fatigue-resistant materials to improve durability.

[0044] Installation method: The fall arrestor is directly fixed to the frame of the lifting container, maintaining a preset gap with the steel tank track to ensure trigger sensitivity.

[0045] The working method of the steel guideway anti-fall device for vertical shaft hoisting described in this invention. Under normal conditions, the elastic connecting parts of the lifting container are compressed by the drive frame under the action of gravity, and there is a preset gap between the cam brake caliper and the steel tank channel. When the lifting rope or main tie rod of the lifting container breaks, the drive frame moves downward under the elastic force of the elastic connector, and then drives the cam brake caliper to rotate upward through the linkage component to press the steel tank channel. Instantaneous braking is achieved through the friction and mechanical engagement between the cam brake caliper and the steel tank channel. Replace the damaged main tie rod or wire rope and reconnect it. After confirming that everything is correct, lift the main tie rod upward. Under the action of traction, drive the bracket to overcome the elastic force of the elastic connector and move upward. Drive the cam brake caliper downward through the linkage component to release the tank passage and realize the rapid reset of the anti-fall device.

[0046] Reliability calculation of the device: like Figure 11 As shown in the diagram, during braking, the force distribution between the cam brake caliper and the steel canister 17 is illustrated: As shown in the figure: N is the normal force exerted by the cam brake caliper on the steel can guideway; G is the gravity applied to the lifting container by the corresponding brake caliper; F is the reaction force of the steel can guideway on the corresponding cam brake caliper; μ is the coefficient of friction between the steel can guideway and the cam brake caliper; θ is the angle between the line connecting the contact point of the cam brake caliper and the steel can guideway and the center of the drive shaft and the horizontal line during braking. If the system is in equilibrium, then: , , From the above, we can conclude that: , For the device to achieve reliable self-locking, the frictional force must be greater than the gravitational force. , but: , Depend on Figure 11 As shown: , so, , As can be seen from the above, when the device is working, the distance L between the center of the drive shaft and the edge of the steel tank passage and the height H between the center of the drive shaft and the contact point during braking meet the above requirements, thus achieving effective self-locking. Therefore, the center distance of the drive shaft and the cam profile can be designed according to the container size, the width of the steel tank passage, and the coefficient of friction between them.

[0047] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fall prevention device for a steel hoisting system in a vertical shaft, characterized in that it is installed at the center of the top of the hoisting container, and that... include: The main tie rod has a rectangular cross-section. Its upper end is connected to the lifting rope via a wedge-shaped rope loop, and its lower end is supported by a drive frame. Two pairs of support arm assemblies are fixed to both sides of the drive frame, with the main tie rod axis as the center of symmetry. Each pair of support arm assemblies includes two support arm units, symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the steel tank guideway along its axis. Each support arm unit is connected to a cam brake caliper via a linkage assembly. An elastic connector is vertically connected between the drive frame and the lifting container frame. Under the action of the lifting force, the elastic connector is compressed by the drive frame, and the cam brake calipers are located on both sides of the steel tank guideway at a preset gap position. The lower end of the main tie rod is provided with a boss, which extends radially to form a support surface that supports the drive frame; The elastic connector includes springs and vertical guide rods symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main pull rod; one end of the vertical guide rod is fixed to the drive frame, and the other end is fixed to the lifting container frame, and the spring is coaxially sleeved on the vertical guide rod; The drive frame has a square slot bottom plate structure, with a rectangular hole in the center of the bottom plate for the main tie rod to pass through, and round holes symmetrically opened on both sides of the rectangular hole; one end of the vertical guide rod passes through the round hole and is fixed to the drive frame by a nut locking piece, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lifting container frame; The linkage assembly includes a drive shaft, a connecting rod, and a rocker arm. One end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the cam brake caliper, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the rocker arm. The other end of the rocker arm is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the outer end of the support arm unit.

2. The anti-fall device for steel cable trays used in vertical shaft hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting container frame is fixed with a bearing seat, and the front and rear ends of each drive shaft are respectively supported by a bearing seat.

3. The anti-fall device for steel cable trays used in vertical shaft hoisting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cam brake caliper has a serrated texture on its surface and has been hardened by quenching, resulting in a hardness higher than that of the steel canister material.

4. The anti-fall device for steel hoisting tunnels in vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main tie rod is equipped with a limiting plate to limit the downward displacement of the main tie rod.

5. The working method of the anti-fall device for steel hoisting shafts according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Under normal conditions, the lifting container is compressed by the drive frame under the action of gravity, and there is a preset gap between the cam brake caliper and the steel tank channel. When the lifting rope or main tie rod of the lifting container breaks, the drive frame moves downward under the action of the elastic force of the elastic connector, and then drives the cam brake caliper to rotate upward through the linkage component to press the steel tank channel. Instantaneous braking is achieved through the friction and mechanical engagement between the cam brake caliper and the steel tank channel. Replace the damaged main tie rod or wire rope and reconnect it. After confirming that everything is correct, lift the main tie rod upward. Under the action of traction, the drive frame overcomes the elastic force of the elastic connector and moves upward. Through the linkage component, drive the cam brake caliper to rotate downward to release the tank passage and realize the rapid reset of the anti-fall device.

6. The working method of the anti-fall device for steel cable trays used in vertical shaft hoisting according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the cam brake caliper contacts the steel can guideway, the angle θ between the line connecting the contact point and the center of the drive shaft and the horizontal line satisfies... , where μ is the coefficient of friction, to achieve self-locking braking.

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