A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device and process

Abstract

This invention discloses a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device and process. The invention relates to the field of reaming construction technology and includes the following steps: S1. Pilot hole construction: A pilot hole is drilled vertically using a drilling rig until the designed depth is reached; S2. Reamer installation: A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device is installed at the bottom of the pilot hole. This device includes a deployable preliminary reaming mechanism, a reaming cutter arm assembly, and a drive system; S3. Reverse reaming: The drive system is activated to start the reaming cutter arm assembly, while simultaneously lifting the drill rod to drive the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to perform reverse cutting from bottom to top. During the cutting process, wall-protecting mud is injected synchronously through a high-pressure grouting system; S4. Cuttings treatment: The cuttings generated are discharged into the drive system through the collection channel of the reaming cutter arm assembly and discharged through the bottom opening to prevent gravel from affecting the efficiency of reverse reaming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of borehole reaming technology, specifically to a large-diameter borehole reverse reaming construction device and process. Background Technology

[0002] Reverse borehole reaming is a commonly used technique in geotechnical and underground engineering construction, primarily used to enlarge the diameter of existing boreholes or tunnels to meet project requirements. This process, operating in reverse—from the exit end of the borehole or tunnel towards the entrance end—effectively reduces disturbance to the surrounding rock mass and improves construction safety. The key to reverse borehole reaming lies in the rational selection of reaming equipment and process parameters to ensure stability and accuracy during the reaming process. Hydraulic reamers or mechanical reaming tools are typically used, combined with a guiding system, to strictly control the reaming speed and torque, preventing borehole collapse or deviation. Real-time monitoring of the borehole's condition is essential during construction, requiring timely adjustments to process parameters to ensure the reaming quality meets design requirements. Reverse borehole reaming technology is suitable for complex geological conditions, especially in soft strata or high-stress areas, offering significant advantages by reducing construction risks and improving project efficiency. This technology is widely used in pile foundation construction, pipeline laying, and underground space development, and is a highly efficient and safe borehole reaming method.

[0003] During reverse borehole reaming, failure to promptly remove debris and soil will severely impact construction quality, safety, and progress. First, accumulated debris will hinder the normal operation of the reaming equipment, leading to increased drill bit wear, increased torque, and even equipment jamming or damage, thus affecting construction efficiency. Second, the accumulation of large amounts of debris and soil will alter the stress state of the borehole wall, increasing the risk of borehole collapse, especially in soft strata or water-rich conditions, potentially causing localized borehole collapse and threatening construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device, comprising a mounting column for connecting the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to the bottom end of the drill rod. By setting the mounting column, after the drill rod of the drilling rig has completed the drilling of the guide hole, the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device can be connected to the bottom end of the drill rod, thereby enabling the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to ream the guide hole when the drilling rig moves upward and rotates.

[0005] The preliminary reaming mechanism is used to initially ream the bottom of the guide hole, and a connecting column is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism. By setting the preliminary reaming mechanism, the guide hole with only the diameter of the drill rod can be reamed when the drill rod drives the mounting column and the connecting column to move and rotate upward. This can increase the contact area between the guide hole and the reaming cutter arm assembly, thereby speeding up the reaming work of the reaming cutter arm assembly on the guide hole.

[0006] The reaming cutter arm assembly is used to enlarge the large diameter of the guide hole, and the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the reaming cutter arm assembly. By setting up the reaming cutter arm assembly, the guide hole that has undergone preliminary reaming can be enlarged when the drill rod of the drilling rig rotates, and the gravel and soil generated during the reaming can be collected at the same time.

[0007] The drive system is used to drive the reamer arm assembly to start working, and the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive system. By setting the drive system, a rotational force can be applied to the reamer arm assembly when the guide hole is being reamed, so that the reamer arm assembly can rotate, thereby accelerating the reaming speed.

[0008] The connecting column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting column. The preliminary reaming mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting column via the connecting column. The connecting ring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism. The reaming arm assembly is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism via the connecting ring. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism. The drive system is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism via the connecting frame.

[0009] Preferably, the preliminary hole enlarging mechanism includes a support plate, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting column. The upper surface of the support plate has several material passages, which are evenly distributed.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the support plate is fixedly connected with a blade, the number of which is three and the three blades are evenly distributed. The end of the blade near the connecting column is higher than the other end, and the blade opening has several cutting grooves. The lower surface of the support plate is fixedly connected with a guide plate, and the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the guide plate.

[0011] Preferably, the reaming arm assembly includes a collecting cover and a limiting tube. The collecting cover is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting ring, a funnel is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the collecting cover, a connecting tube passes through the lower surface of the funnel, and the limiting tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating column is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting tube, an annular groove is formed on the outer surface of the rotating column, a limiting ring passes through the outer surface of the limiting tube, a ball is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting ring, the ball is frictionally adapted to the annular groove formed on the outer surface of the rotating column, and a second rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column, the outer ring of the second rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting tube.

[0013] Preferably, a conical grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column away from the connecting ring, and a conical nail is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical grinding wheel. The number of conical nails is several, and the several conical nails are evenly distributed. A first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the side of the conical grinding wheel away from the rotating column, and a first rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating rod. The outer ring of the first rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collecting cover.

[0014] Preferably, the drive system includes a wrapping cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the connecting frame. A collection box is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the wrapping cylinder. The end of the connecting pipe away from the funnel passes through the collection box. A second rotating rod is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column away from the conical grinding wheel. A bevel gear is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating rod away from the rotating column. A double-headed motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wrapping cylinder. A third rotating rod is installed at the output end of the top of the double-headed motor through a coupling. A gear disk is fixedly connected to the top of the third rotating rod, and the gear disk meshes with the bevel gear.

[0015] Preferably, a screening box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box, a crushing ring is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the screening box, a fourth rotating rod is installed at the output end of the bottom of the dual-head motor through a coupling, and a crushing column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fourth rotating rod.

[0016] Preferably, a leveling mechanism is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the collection box. The leveling mechanism includes a discharge box, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the collection box. A spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the discharge box, and the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collection box. A support rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the discharge box, and a third rolling bearing is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod. A grinding cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the third rolling bearing. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the crushing column, and a corrugated frame is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting frame. A limiting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge box, and a rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting frame. The rotating wheel is frictionally adapted to the inner wall of the corrugated frame.

[0017] A reverse reaming construction process for large-diameter drilling includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Pilot hole construction: A pilot hole is drilled vertically using a drilling rig until the design depth is reached;

[0019] S2. Reamer Installation: Install a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device at the bottom of the guide hole. The device includes an deployable preliminary reaming mechanism, a reaming cutter arm assembly, and a drive system.

[0020] S3. Reverse reaming: Start the drive system to start the reaming cutter arm assembly, and at the same time lift the drill rod to drive the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to perform reverse cutting from bottom to top. During the cutting process, the wall protection mud is injected synchronously through the high-pressure grouting system.

[0021] S4. Cuttings handling: Cuttings generated during cutting are discharged into the drive system through the collection channel of the reaming arm assembly and discharged through the bottom opening;

[0022] S5. Hole Drilling Acceptance: After the designed hole diameter is reached, hole diameter testing and verticality verification are carried out to complete the construction.

[0023] This invention provides a device and process for reverse hole reaming in large-diameter drilling. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] I. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device and process, by setting up an installation column, can connect the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to the bottom end of the drill rod after the drill rod has completed the drilling of the guide hole. Then, when the drill moves upward and rotates, the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device can perform reaming work on the guide hole.

[0025] II. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device and process, by setting up a preliminary reaming mechanism, can perform reaming work on the guide hole with only the large diameter of the drill rod when the drill rod of the drilling rig drives the mounting column and connecting column to move upward and rotate. This can increase the contact area between the guide hole and the reaming cutter arm assembly, thereby accelerating the reaming work of the reaming cutter arm assembly on the guide hole.

[0026] III. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device and process, by setting up a reaming cutter arm group, can perform reaming work on the guide hole that has undergone preliminary reaming as the drill rod rotates, and can also collect the gravel and soil generated during reaming.

[0027] IV. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device and process, by setting up a drive system, can apply rotational force to the reaming cutter arm group when reaming the guide hole, thereby enabling the reaming cutter arm group to rotate and thus accelerate the reaming speed. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preliminary hole-expanding mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the preliminary hole-expanding mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hole-reaming cutter arm assembly structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hole-reaming cutter arm assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the hole-reaming cutter arm assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drive system structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Mounting post; 2. Connecting post; 3. Preliminary reaming mechanism; 4. Connecting ring; 5. Reamer arm assembly; 6. Connecting frame; 7. Drive system; 31. Support plate; 32. Through-hole; 33. Blade; 34. Guide plate; 51. Collection hood; 52. Funnel; 53. Connecting pipe; 54. Limiting pipe; 55. Rotating post; 56. Conical grinding wheel; 57. Conical nail; 58. First rotating rod; 59. First rolling bearing; 510. Second rolling bearing; 511. Annular groove; 512. Limiting ring; 5 13. Ball bearing; 514. Second rotating rod; 515. Bevel gear; 72. Wrapping cylinder; 73. Collection box; 74. Dual-head motor; 75. Fourth rotating rod; 76. Crushing column; 77. Screening box; 78. Crushing ring; 79. Leveling mechanism; 710. Third rotating rod; 711. Gear disk; 791. Discharge box; 792. Support rod; 793. Third rolling bearing; 794. Grinding cylinder; 795. Spring; 796. Limiting frame; 797. Rotary wheel; 798. Connecting frame; 799. Wave frame. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0041] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device, including a mounting column 1, which is used to connect the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to the bottom end of the drill rod. By setting the mounting column 1, after the drill rod of the drilling rig completes the drilling of the guide hole, the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device can be connected to the bottom end of the drill rod, so that when the drilling rig moves upward and rotates, the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device can perform reaming work on the guide hole.

[0042] The preliminary reaming mechanism 3 is used to initially ream the bottom of the guide hole, and the connecting column 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism 3. By setting the preliminary reaming mechanism 3, when the drill rod of the drill rig drives the mounting column 1 and the connecting column 2 to move upward and rotate, the guide hole with only the diameter of the drill rod of the drill rig can be reamed. This can increase the contact area between the guide hole and the reaming cutter arm assembly 5, thereby speeding up the reaming work of the reaming cutter arm assembly 5 on the guide hole.

[0043] The reaming cutter arm assembly 5 is used to enlarge the large diameter of the guide hole, and the connecting ring 4 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the reaming cutter arm assembly 5. By setting the reaming cutter arm assembly 5, the guide hole that has undergone preliminary enlargement can be enlarged when the drill rod of the drilling rig rotates, and the gravel and soil generated during the enlargement can be collected at the same time.

[0044] The drive system 7 is used to drive the reaming arm assembly 5 to start working, and the connecting frame 6 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive system 7. By setting the drive system 7, a rotational force can be applied to the reaming arm assembly 5 when the guide hole is being reamed, so that the reaming arm assembly 5 can rotate, thereby accelerating the reaming speed.

[0045] The connecting column 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting column 1. The preliminary reaming mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting column 1 via the connecting column 2. The connecting ring 4 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism 3. The reaming arm assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism 3 via the connecting ring 4. The connecting frame 6 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism 3. The drive system 7 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism 3 via the connecting frame 6.

[0046] The preliminary hole-reaming mechanism 3 includes a support plate 31, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting column 2. Several material passages 32 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the support plate 31. By setting up the support plate 31, it can be connected to the connecting column 2 and the mounting column 1. When the drill rod of the drilling rig moves upward and rotates, the support plate 31 moves upward and rotates as well. The numerous material passages 32 allow soil debris and stones generated during the preliminary hole-reaming to leak through the passages 32 to the area directly below the support plate 31. Three blades 33 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate 31 and are evenly distributed. The end of each blade 33 closest to the connecting column 2 is higher than the other end. Several cutting grooves are provided at the opening of the blade 33. A guide plate 34 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support plate 31. The connecting frame 6 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the guide plate 34. By setting three blades 33 on the upper surface of the support plate 31, the three blades 33 can contact the guide hole when the support plate 31 rises and rotates with the drill rod, thereby completing the initial hole enlargement work of the guide hole, so that the flat guide hole can be scooped out at an inclined angle, and thus the hole enlargement cutter arm assembly 5 can be in close contact with the inclined guide hole. By opening several cutting grooves at the opening of the blade 33, it is possible to prevent the blade 33 from having a notch when it comes into contact with the crushed stone. By setting the guide plate 34, the soil and crushed stone that leak through the material outlet 32 ​​can be guided.

[0047] The borehole reaming arm assembly 5 includes a collecting cover 51 and a limiting tube 54. The collecting cover 51 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting ring 4. A funnel 52 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the collecting cover 51, and a connecting tube 53 passes through the lower surface of the funnel 52. The limiting tube 54 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring 4. By setting the collecting cover 51, the soil and gravel generated during borehole reaming can be collected and guided. By setting the funnel 52 and the connecting tube 53, the soil and gravel collected in the inner cavity of the collecting cover 51 can be discharged through the funnel 52 and the connecting tube 53. A rotating column 55 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting tube 54. An annular groove 511 is formed on the outer surface of the rotating column 55. A limiting ring 512 passes through the outer surface of the limiting tube 54. A ball bearing 513 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting ring 512. The ball bearing 513 is frictionally fitted with the annular groove 511 on the outer surface of the rotating column 55. A second rolling bearing 510 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column 55. The outer ring of the second rolling bearing 510 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting tube 54. By setting the limiting tube 54, the rotating column 55 can be limited, causing the rotating column 55 to rotate within the inner cavity of the limiting tube 54. The annular groove 511 allows for frictional engagement with the ball bearing 513. The three components work together to allow the ball bearing 513 to contact the annular groove 511 on the outer surface of the rotating column 55, thereby enabling the rotating column 55 to rotate stably. By setting a second rolling bearing 510, the rotating column 55 can generate more stable rotation. A conical grinding wheel 56 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column 55 away from the connecting ring 4. Conical nails 57 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical grinding wheel 56. There are several conical nails 57, and the number of conical nails 57 is evenly distributed. A first rotating rod 58 is fixedly connected to the side of the conical grinding wheel 56 away from the rotating column 55. A first rolling bearing 59 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the casing. The outer ring of the first rolling bearing 59 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection cover 51. By setting a conical grinding wheel 56 and setting several conical nails 57 on its outer surface, when the rotating column 55 drives the conical grinding wheel 56 to rotate, the conical grinding wheel 56 and the conical nails 57 will come into contact with the guide hole to be initially enlarged. When the drill rod rotates and the conical grinding wheel 56 rotates, the enlargement effect of the guide hole is completed. By setting a first rotating rod 58 and a first rolling bearing 59, the conical grinding wheel 56 can generate stable rotation.

[0048] The drive system 7 includes a wrapping cylinder 72, which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the connecting frame 6. A collection box 73 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the wrapping cylinder 72. The end of the connecting pipe 53 away from the funnel 52 passes through the collection box 73. A second rotating rod 514 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column 55 away from the conical grinding wheel 56. A bevel gear 515 is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating rod 514 away from the rotating column 55. A double-headed motor 74 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wrapping cylinder 72. A third rotating rod 710 is installed at the output end of the top of the double-headed motor 74 through a coupling. The top end of the third rotating rod 710 is fixedly connected to the... A gear disk 711 is fixedly connected, and the gear disk 711 meshes with the bevel gear 515. By setting a collection box 73, soil and gravel guided by the connecting pipe 53 can be stored and collected. By setting a double-head motor 74, after the power is connected and the switch is turned on, the two output ends can generate stable rotation. By setting a gear disk 711, when the double-head motor 74 rotates, the third rotating rod 710 and the gear disk 711 rotate together, and then mesh with the bevel gear 515, so that the bevel gear 515 drives the second rotating rod 514 and the rotating column 55 to rotate.

[0049] A screening box 77 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box 73. A crushing ring 78 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the screening box 77. A fourth rotating rod 75 is installed at the output end of the bottom of the double-head motor 74 through a coupling. A crushing column 76 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fourth rotating rod 75. By setting the screening box 77, the soil and fragments entering the inner cavity of the collection box 73 can be screened, so that fine soil and fragments can pass through the screening box 77. By setting the crushing ring 78 and the crushing column 76, large pieces of gravel and soil can be crushed and eventually pass through when the fourth rotating rod 75 rotates.

[0050] A leveling mechanism 79 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the collection box 73. The leveling mechanism 79 includes a discharge box 791, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the collection box 73. A spring 795 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the discharge box 791, and the bottom end of the spring 795 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collection box 73. A support rod 792 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the discharge box 791, and a third rolling bearing 793 is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod 792. A grinding cylinder 794 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the third rolling bearing 793. A connecting frame 798 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the crushing column 76, and a corrugated frame 799 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting frame 798. A limit frame 796 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge box 791, and a rotating wheel 797 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limit frame 796. The rotating wheel 797 is frictionally adapted to the inner wall of the corrugated frame 799. By setting up the leveling mechanism 79, the hole can be enlarged. During the process, the loose soil after the hole is enlarged is hammered and ground to prevent soil collapse. By setting the support rod 792 and the third rolling bearing 793, the grinding cylinder 794 can be limited, allowing the grinding cylinder 794 to rotate stably at the end of the support rod 792. By setting the grinding cylinder 794, when the collection box 73 rotates around the drill rod, the grinding cylinder 794 contacts the hole enlarged by the conical grinding wheel 56, and the grinding cylinder 794 is squeezed against the loose soil and gravel at the hole, thus preventing the hole from becoming loose and collapsing. By setting the wave frame 799, it can rotate together with the crushing column 76. When the wave frame 799 rotates, the rotating wheel 797 drives the discharge box 791 to move back and forth vertically up and down in the inner cavity of the collection box 73, thereby achieving the effect of hammering and compacting the soil at the hole position by the grinding cylinder 794.

[0051] A reverse reaming construction process for large-diameter drilling includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Pilot hole construction: A pilot hole is drilled vertically using a drilling rig until the design depth is reached;

[0053] S2. Reamer Installation: Install a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device at the bottom of the guide hole. The device includes an deployable preliminary reaming mechanism 3, a reaming cutter arm assembly 5, and a drive system 7.

[0054] S3. Reverse reaming: Start the drive system 7 to make the reaming cutter arm group 5 start working. At the same time, lift the drill rod to drive the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to perform reverse cutting from bottom to top. During the cutting process, the wall protection mud is injected synchronously through the high-pressure grouting system.

[0055] S4. Cuttings handling: The cuttings generated during cutting are discharged into the drive system 7 through the collection channel of the reaming arm assembly 5 and discharged through the bottom opening;

[0056] S5. Hole Drilling Acceptance: After the designed hole diameter is reached, hole diameter testing and verticality verification are carried out to complete the construction.

[0057] Working Principle: During use, the operator drills a guide hole vertically until the designed depth is reached. A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming device is installed at the bottom of the guide hole, and the mounting column 1 is connected to the bottom of the drill rod. The operator then controls the drill to move and rotate the device upwards, while simultaneously connecting the dual-head motor 79 to the power supply and turning it on. During the upward movement of the device, the support plate 31 and the cutting blade 33 contact the guide hole, which has a flat cross-section. This causes the cutting blade 33 to initially enlarge the guide hole, creating a slight inclination at the opening. Then, when the third rotating rod 710 drives the gear disc 711 to rotate, it meshes with the bevel gear 515, which in turn causes the second rotating rod 514 to drive the rotating column 55 and the conical grinding wheel 56. The rotation causes the soil and gravel around the guide hole to be scraped off and eventually fall into the inner cavity of the collection hood 51. Under the guidance of the connecting pipe 53, the soil and debris entering the inner cavity of the collection box 73 are screened by the screening box 77, allowing fine soil and debris to pass through the screening box 77, while large pieces of soil and debris come into contact with the crushing ring 78. Under the action of the rotation of the crushing column 76, the large pieces of gravel and soil are crushed. When the crushing column 76 rotates, the wave frame 799 rotates, which in turn squeezes the rotating wheel 797. During the squeezing process, the discharge box 791 moves up and down in the inner cavity of the collection box 73. During the process, the grinding cylinder 794 hammers the hole after the hole is enlarged, thereby preventing the soil after the hole from being too loose and collapsing.

[0058] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Mounting column (1), which is used to connect the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to the bottom end of the drill rod; A preliminary reaming mechanism (3) is used to preliminarily ream the bottom of the guide hole, and a connecting column (2) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism (3); The reaming arm assembly (5) is used to enlarge the guide hole to a large diameter, and the connecting ring (4) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the reaming arm assembly (5); The drive system (7) is used to drive the reaming arm assembly (5) to start working, and the connecting frame (6) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drive system (7); The connecting column (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting column (1). The preliminary reaming mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting column (1) through the connecting column (2). The connecting ring (4) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism (3). The reaming arm assembly (5) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism (3) through the connecting ring (4). The connecting frame (6) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism (3). The driving system (7) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the preliminary reaming mechanism (3) through the connecting frame (6).

2. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preliminary hole enlarging mechanism (3) includes a support plate (31), which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting column (2). The upper surface of the support plate (31) is provided with a material passage (32), and the number of material passages (32) is several, and the several material passages (32) are evenly distributed.

3. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the support plate (31) is fixedly connected with a blade (33), and the number of the blades (33) is three, and the three blades (33) are evenly distributed. The end of the blade (33) near the connecting column (2) is higher than the other end, and the opening of the blade (33) is provided with several cutting grooves. The lower surface of the support plate (31) is fixedly connected with a guide plate (34), and the connecting frame (6) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the guide plate (34).

4. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The enlarging cutter arm assembly (5) includes a collection cover (51) and a limiting tube (54). The collection cover (51) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting ring (4). A funnel (52) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the collection cover (51). A connecting tube (53) passes through the lower surface of the funnel (52). The limiting tube (54) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring (4).

5. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating column (55) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting tube (54). An annular groove (511) is provided on the outer surface of the rotating column (55). A limiting ring (512) passes through the outer surface of the limiting tube (54). A ball (513) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting ring (512). The ball (513) is frictionally adapted to the annular groove (511) on the outer surface of the rotating column (55). A second rolling bearing (510) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating column (55). The outer ring of the second rolling bearing (510) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting tube (54).

6. The large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conical grinding wheel (56) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating column (55) away from the connecting ring (4). A conical nail (57) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conical grinding wheel (56). There are several conical nails (57), and the several conical nails (57) are evenly distributed. A first rotating rod (58) is fixedly connected to one side of the conical grinding wheel (56) away from the rotating column (55). A first rolling bearing (59) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first rotating rod (58). The outer ring of the first rolling bearing (59) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collecting cover (51).

7. A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drive system (7) includes a wrapping tube (72), which is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the connecting frame (6). A collection box (73) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the wrapping tube (72). The end of the connecting pipe (53) away from the funnel (52) passes through the collection box (73). A second rotating rod (514) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating column (55) away from the conical grinding wheel (56). A bevel gear (515) is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating rod (514) away from the rotating column (55). A double-headed motor (74) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wrapping tube (72). A third rotating rod (710) is installed at the output end of the top of the double-headed motor (74) through a coupling. A gear disk (711) is fixedly connected to the top of the third rotating rod (710). The gear disk (711) meshes with the bevel gear (515).

8. A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A screening box (77) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box (73), and a crushing ring (78) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the screening box (77). A fourth rotating rod (75) is installed at the output end of the bottom of the double-headed motor (74) through a coupling. A crushing column (76) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fourth rotating rod (75).

9. A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A leveling mechanism (79) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the collection box (73). The leveling mechanism (79) includes a discharge box (791), which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the collection box (73). A spring (795) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the discharge box (791), and the bottom end of the spring (795) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the collection box (73). A support rod (792) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the discharge box (791), and the end of the support rod (792) is fixedly connected to... The third rolling bearing (793) has a grinding cylinder (794) fixedly connected to its outer ring. The bottom end of the crushing column (76) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (798). The end of the connecting frame (798) is fixedly connected to a wave frame (799). The inner wall of the discharge box (791) is fixedly connected to a limiting frame (796). The inner cavity of the limiting frame (796) is rotatably connected to a rotating wheel (797). The rotating wheel (797) is frictionally adapted to the inner wall of the wave frame (799).

10. A large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device according to claims 1-9 provides a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction process, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Pilot hole construction: A pilot hole is drilled vertically using a drilling rig until the design depth is reached; S2. Reamer installation: Install a large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device at the bottom of the guide hole. The device includes an deployable preliminary reaming mechanism (3), a reaming cutter arm assembly (5), and a drive system (7). S3. Reverse reaming: Start the drive system (7) to make the reaming cutter arm group (5) start working, and at the same time lift the drill rod to drive the large-diameter drilling reverse reaming construction device to perform reverse cutting from bottom to top. During the cutting process, the wall protection mud is injected synchronously through the high-pressure grouting system. S4. Cuttings treatment: The cuttings generated during cutting are discharged into the drive system (7) through the collection channel of the reaming arm assembly (5) and discharged through the bottom opening; S5. Hole Drilling Acceptance: After the designed hole diameter is reached, hole diameter testing and verticality verification are carried out to complete the construction.

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