A ring gauge inner diameter measuring device and method based on three sensors

Abstract

This invention discloses a ring gauge inner diameter measuring device and method based on three sensors. The device includes a vibration-damping worktable, an angle adjustment mechanism, a ring gauge placement platform, a three-point clamping mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and three optical distance sensors. The ring gauge placement platform is mounted on the vibration-damping worktable via the angle adjustment mechanism. The three-point clamping mechanism is located on the ring gauge placement platform and has three clamping jaws. A through hole is provided in the middle of the ring gauge placement platform. The lifting mechanism is located on the vibration-damping worktable at the through hole, and the three optical distance sensors are mounted together on the lifting mechanism. This measurement method uses a standard ring gauge to initialize the inner diameter measurement calculation model, eliminating the need for actual measurement of manufacturing and installation deviations of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device. This invention allows for adjustment of the tilt angle through the angle adjustment mechanism, minimizing errors caused by the angle between the actual and ideal measurement sections, thus improving measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ring gauge inner diameter measurement technology, specifically relating to a ring gauge inner diameter measurement device and its measurement method based on three sensors. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial standard instrument used in internal diameter calibration, the ring gauge has a significant impact on the measurement results of its internal diameter. Nowadays, with the manufacturing industry moving towards higher precision and intelligence, precision measurement technology has become key to improving product quality and production efficiency.

[0003] However, existing methods for measuring inner diameter often fail to fully consider factors such as eccentricity and included angles during the measurement process, inevitably leading to errors in the measurement results due to these factors.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent application CN119085572A, which discloses an inner diameter measuring device and method, has the following drawbacks:

[0005] 1) When using contact measurement methods, the measurement range is greatly affected by the extension and retraction length of the probe, and the replacement of the probe is complicated, which limits the measurement range. At the same time, during measurement, pressure is inevitably applied to the measured surface, causing surface scratches and deformation of individual measured objects, which leads to errors in the measurement results.

[0006] 2) The inner diameter is calculated using the elliptic equation. The angle of inclination between the measuring device and the object being measured needs to be calculated from the intersection of the extended lines of the three horizontal displacement probes in the measuring device, and the angle between the vertical probe and the vertical plane. This method is difficult to implement. First, the intersection of the three horizontal displacement probes after installation and fixation is difficult to determine. Second, the angle between the vertical probe and the vertical plane is also difficult to measure, making the calculation of the angle of inclination challenging.

[0007] 3) The method for measuring the inner diameter does not take into account the eccentricity, offset, and angular errors between the three probes caused by manufacturing and installation errors, which inevitably leads to errors in its measurement principle.

[0008] 4) In terms of structural design, the presence of a vertical probe at the bottom makes it difficult for the inner diameter measuring device to measure the inner diameter at the bottom cross-section of the object being measured. This makes it impossible to meet the measurement requirements of objects such as ring gauges that require the inner diameter value at the bottom cross-section.

[0009] For example, Chinese patent application CN119043128A, which discloses an inner diameter measuring device for steel pipe production, and Chinese patent application CN119533247A, which discloses a measuring device for water conservancy pipelines, have the following drawbacks:

[0010] 1) Both adopt a single-sensor measurement method, which requires high centering of the measuring device. When the measuring device deviates from the center, the measurement result will be too small, making it difficult to achieve high-precision measurement.

[0011] 2) The degree of automation is low, and it is difficult to improve the measurement efficiency when the object to be measured requires multi-section measurement.

[0012] 3) The measurement method does not take into account the influence of factors such as eccentricity and tilt angle on the measurement results, and has limitations in the principle of the measurement method.

[0013] None of the above-mentioned inner diameter measuring devices have a tilt angle adjustment function, so they cannot avoid the error caused by the angle between the actual measuring section and the ideal measuring section.

[0014] In addition, in non-contact internal diameter measurement technology that uses optical sensors, accurately measuring the start and end points of the optical path has always been a challenge, which makes it difficult to calibrate the measuring device in optical non-contact internal diameter measurement technology. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The first objective of this invention is to provide a ring gauge inner diameter measuring device based on three sensors.

[0016] The second objective of this invention is to provide a measurement method for the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device based on three sensors.

[0017] The first objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0018] A ring gauge inner diameter measuring device based on three sensors is characterized by comprising a vibration-damping worktable, an angle adjustment mechanism, a ring gauge placement platform, a three-point clamping mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and three optical distance measuring sensors. The ring gauge placement platform is mounted on the vibration-damping worktable via the angle adjustment mechanism, which can adjust the tilt angle of the platform surface. The three-point clamping mechanism is set on the ring gauge placement platform and has three jaws evenly distributed on the same circumference that can move synchronously along the diameter direction. During measurement, the ring gauge is clamped by the three jaws. The ring gauge placement platform has a through hole in the middle. The lifting mechanism is located on the vibration-damping worktable at the through hole. The three optical distance measuring sensors are mounted together on the lifting mechanism and evenly distributed on a circumference. The circumference of the three optical distance measuring sensors is concentric with the circumference of the three jaws.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the tilt adjustment mechanism includes three telescopic adjustment modules evenly distributed on the same circumference. Each telescopic adjustment module includes a telescopic motor and a ball joint. The telescopic rod of the telescopic motor is inclined toward the ring gauge placement platform. The outer end of the telescopic rod of the telescopic motor is connected to the bottom of the ring gauge placement platform through the ball joint.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a shell is provided on the upper part of the shock-absorbing workbench, a fixed base is provided on the upper part of the shell, and the tilt adjustment mechanism and the lifting mechanism are installed on the fixed base.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting frame, and the outer side of the lifting frame is provided with three mounting planes, and three optical ranging sensors are fixedly installed on the mounting planes.

[0022] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0023] A method for measuring the inner diameter of a ring gauge, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Place a standard ring gauge with a known inner diameter on the ring gauge placement platform and clamp it with a three-point clamping mechanism. Measure the distance using an optical distance sensor. Substitute the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors and the known inner diameter value of the standard ring gauge into the inner diameter measurement calculation model. Perform nonlinear fitting using the least squares method to solve for the parameter values ​​and complete the initialization of the inner diameter measurement calculation model.

[0025] S2, the tilt angle is adjusted by the tilt angle adjustment mechanism, and the inner diameter value is continuously calculated by the initialized inner diameter measurement calculation model. Finally, the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors corresponding to the smallest inner diameter value are obtained. Then, the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors and the known inner diameter of the standard ring gauge are substituted into the inner diameter measurement calculation model. The least squares method is used for nonlinear fitting, and the optimized parameter values ​​are solved again to obtain the optimized inner diameter measurement calculation model.

[0026] S3, remove the standard ring gauge, and then the ring gauge to be tested can be measured. The measurement process of the ring gauge to be tested is as follows: place the ring gauge to be tested on the ring gauge placement platform, clamp it with a three-point clamping mechanism, and then measure the distance with an optical distance measuring sensor. Substitute the distance measured by the optical distance measuring sensor into the optimized inner diameter measurement calculation model to calculate the inner diameter value. During this process, adjust the tilt angle with an tilt angle adjustment mechanism to continuously obtain inner diameter values. Select the smallest inner diameter value as the inner diameter value of the ring gauge to be tested.

[0027] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step S3, the measurement process of the ring gauge to be tested is repeated to obtain the inner diameter values ​​of the upper, middle and lower positions of the ring gauge to be tested, and then the average value is taken as the final inner diameter value of the ring gauge to be tested.

[0028] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the distance between the upper position and the middle position and the distance between the lower position and the middle position are both 3 / 10 of the ring gauge thickness.

[0029] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In steps S1 and S2, the measurement position of the optical ranging sensor on the standard ring gauge is the middle position of the standard ring gauge.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention is provided with an inclination adjustment mechanism, which adjusts the tilt angle of the ring gauge placement platform and the ring gauge on it during measurement.

[0032] Ideally, the ideal measurement section of the optical distance measuring sensor is parallel to the surface of the ring gauge placement platform. Under this ideal condition, the measured inner diameter of the ring gauge is an error-free ideal inner diameter value. However, in practical applications, due to manufacturing and installation errors, the actual measurement section of the optical distance measuring sensor has a slight angle with the surface of the ring gauge placement platform. That is, there is a slight angle between the actual measurement section and the ideal measurement section of the optical distance measuring sensor. This will affect the measurement result of the ring gauge's inner diameter, making the actual measured inner diameter value larger than the ideal inner diameter value. This invention adjusts the tilt angle through a tilt adjustment mechanism, continuously measures the inner diameter value, and obtains the minimum value as the inner diameter value of the ring gauge. This can minimize the error caused by the angle between the actual and ideal measurement sections, making the final measured inner diameter of the ring gauge closer to the ideal inner diameter value, and further improving the accuracy of the ring gauge inner diameter measurement.

[0033] 2. The measurement method of the present invention uses a standard ring gauge to complete the initialization of the inner diameter measurement calculation model, without the need to actually measure the manufacturing and installation deviations of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device, which greatly improves the practicality of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device of the present invention.

[0034] 3. This invention is a non-contact measuring device that uses an optical distance sensor as the data measuring instrument. This avoids damage to the object being measured caused by the measuring force during contact measurement, and also avoids deformation caused by the measuring force, thus improving measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device of the present invention when the shock-absorbing workbench, the ring gauge placement platform and the three-point clamping mechanism are hidden.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism and optical ranging sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention when the shock-absorbing workbench, lifting mechanism and optical distance sensor are hidden.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention when the shock-absorbing workbench, lifting mechanism, optical distance sensor and gripper are hidden.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention when measuring the ring gauge;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between relevant parameters of the inner diameter measurement calculation model in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between relevant parameters of the inner diameter measurement calculation model in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Meaning of the labels in the attached diagram:

[0044] 1-Vibration damping workbench; 2-House; 3-Ring gauge placement platform; 3.1-Through hole; 3.2-Long strip mounting hole; 4-Three-point clamping mechanism; 4.1-Gripper; 4.2-Chuck; 5-Optical distance sensor; 6-Lifting mechanism; 6.1-Drive motor; 6.2-Lifting frame; 6.3-Lead screw; 6.4-Mounting plane; 7-Telescopic adjustment module; 7.1-Telescopic motor; 7.2-Ball head; 7.3-Ball seat; 8-Fixed base; 9-Ring gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0048] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0049] Example:

[0050] like Figures 1 to 6 The image shows a ring gauge inner diameter measuring device based on three sensors in this embodiment. It is a non-contact measuring device, which includes a vibration damping worktable 1, an inclination adjustment mechanism, a ring gauge placement platform 3, a three-point clamping mechanism 4, a lifting mechanism 6, and three optical distance measuring sensors 5.

[0051] The vibration-damping worktable 1 uses an existing worktable with vibration-damping properties, such as a marble worktable. The vibration-damping worktable 1 is used to support the measuring device, absorb environmental vibrations, and reduce the impact of environmental vibrations on the measuring device.

[0052] In this embodiment, a cuboid-shaped housing 2 is provided on top of the vibration-damping workbench 1. The interior of the housing 2 is used to install components such as a controller. The controller is used to process measurement data and transmit control signals. A fixed base 8 is provided on top of the housing 2. The ring gauge placement platform 3 is mounted on the fixed base 8 through a tilt adjustment mechanism. The specific structure is as follows: In this embodiment, the ring gauge placement platform 3 is circular, with a plane on top for placing the ring gauge 9. A circular through hole 3.1 is provided in the middle of the ring gauge placement platform 3. The center of the through hole 3.1 coincides with the center of the ring gauge placement platform 3. The position of the through hole 3.1 is used for the installation of the lifting mechanism 6. The ring gauge placement platform 3 and the lifting mechanism 6 will not interfere with each other. The tilt adjustment mechanism in this embodiment includes three telescopic adjustment modules 7 evenly distributed on the same circumference. The included angle between adjacent telescopic adjustment modules 7 is 120°, and the center of the circumference where the telescopic adjustment modules 7 are located coincides with the center of the ring gauge placement platform 3. Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the telescopic adjustment module 7 includes telescopic motors 7.1 and ball joints. Three telescopic motors 7.1 are fixedly installed at the three corners of the fixed base 8. The telescopic rods of the telescopic motors 7.1 are inclined towards the ring gauge placement platform 3, with an inclination angle of 45°. The outer ends of the telescopic rods of the telescopic motors 7.1 are connected to the bottom of the ring gauge placement platform 3 via ball joints. The ball joints adopt a conventional structure, including a spherical ball head 7.2 and a ball seat 7.3. The ball seat 7.3 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the ring gauge placement platform 3 near the side. The ball head 7.2 is located at the outer end of the telescopic rod of the telescopic motors 7.1 and is fitted onto the ball seat 7.3. During operation, by controlling the telescopic movement of the telescopic motors 7.1, the inclination angle of the ring gauge placement platform 3 can be adjusted within a certain range.

[0053] The three-point clamping mechanism 4 is mounted on the ring gauge mounting platform 3. The three-point clamping mechanism 4 adopts a conventional structure, featuring a chuck 4.2 positioned below the ring gauge mounting platform 3. The chuck 4.2 has three grippers 4.1, evenly distributed on the same circumference and capable of synchronous movement along the diameter. The center of the circumference of the three grippers 4.1 coincides with the center of the ring gauge mounting platform 3. Three radially spaced mounting holes 3.2 are correspondingly located on the top of the ring gauge mounting platform 3, from which the grippers 4.1 extend upwards. Since the three-point clamping mechanism 4 (similar to a three-jaw chuck in a machine tool) is a conventional mechanical structure, the specific structure driving the three grippers 4.1 to move synchronously along the diameter is not detailed here. During measurement, if… Figure 6 As shown, the ring gauge 9 will be clamped to the middle position of the ring gauge placement platform 3 by three jaws 4.1.

[0054] The lifting mechanism 6 is mounted on the fixed base 8 and is separate from the ring gauge placement platform 3, so it will not tilt or swing with the ring gauge placement platform 3. The lifting mechanism 6 adopts a conventional screw lifting device. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6To clearly illustrate the key structures, only the main components of the lifting mechanism 6 are shown: the drive motor 6.1, the lead screw 6.3, and the lifting frame 6.2. The guide structures that restrict the rotation of the lifting frame 6.2 are not shown or described in detail. The drive motor 6.1 is fixedly mounted on the fixed base 8. The lead screw 6.3 is vertically mounted on the drive motor 6.1, and the drive motor 6.1 drives the lead screw 6.3 to rotate. The lead screw 6.3 passes through the center of the through hole 3.1. The lifting frame 6.2 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 6.3. The rotation of the lead screw 6.3 drives the lifting frame 6.2 to rise and fall. Of course, the aforementioned conventional guide structures restrict the rotation of the lifting frame 6.2 to ensure smooth rising and falling without rotation.

[0055] In this embodiment, the outer surface of the lifting frame 6.2 is provided with three mounting planes 6.4. The three mounting planes 6.4 are evenly arranged around the center of the lifting frame 6.2. The three optical range sensors 5 are respectively fixedly mounted on the mounting planes 6.4 by bolts. The three optical range sensors 5 are evenly distributed on a circumference, and the included angle between adjacent optical range sensors 5 is 120°. The circumference where the three optical range sensors 5 are located is concentric with the circumference where the three grippers 4.1 are located, and the measuring sections of the three optical range sensors 5 are on the same plane.

[0056] Ideally, the ideal measurement section of the optical distance measuring sensor 5 is parallel to the surface of the ring gauge placement platform 3. Under this ideal condition, the measured inner diameter of the ring gauge 9 is an error-free ideal inner diameter value. However, in practical applications, due to manufacturing and installation errors, the actual measurement section of the optical distance measuring sensor 5 has a slight angle with the surface of the ring gauge placement platform 3. That is, there is a slight angle between the actual measurement section and the ideal measurement section of the optical distance measuring sensor 5. This will affect the measurement of the inner diameter of the ring gauge, making the actual measured inner diameter value larger than the ideal inner diameter value. This invention adjusts the tilt angle through a tilt adjustment mechanism to obtain the minimum value as the inner diameter value of the ring gauge 9, thereby minimizing the error caused by the angle between the actual and ideal measurement sections and further improving the accuracy of the ring gauge inner diameter measurement.

[0057] This embodiment also provides a measurement method for the aforementioned ring gauge inner diameter measuring device, which includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Before starting, connect all electrical equipment such as sensors and motors, check the coordination status of each component, check whether the communication of each component is connected, check whether the measurement function of the sensor is normal, check whether the function of the drive motor 6.1 driving the optical distance sensor 5 to lift and lower is normal, check whether the extension function of the telescopic motor 7.1 is normal, and ensure that the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device is operating normally.

[0059] After completing the above checks, the inner diameter measurement calculation model is first initialized using a standard ring gauge, whose inner diameter is known. Specifically, a standard ring gauge is placed on the ring gauge placement platform 3 and then clamped by the three jaws 4.1 of the three-point clamping mechanism 4. The jaws 4.1 fit tightly against the side of the standard ring gauge, positioning the standard ring gauge in the middle position and ensuring that the standard ring gauge is firmly clamped on the ring gauge placement platform 3 without slipping. Then, the lifting mechanism 6 is activated, which drives the optical distance sensor 5 to rise and fall, so that the measuring section of the optical distance sensor 5 is basically in the middle position of the standard ring gauge (whether it is basically in the middle position can be visually inspected, as it does not need to be completely in the middle position). The distance is repeatedly measured by the optical distance sensor 5. The distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors 5 and the known inner diameter value of the standard ring gauge are substituted into the inner diameter measurement calculation model. The least squares method is used for nonlinear fitting to solve for the installation arm length, installation angle and offset parameter values ​​of the three optical distance sensors 5. The solved parameter values ​​are substituted into the inner diameter measurement calculation model to complete the initialization of the inner diameter measurement calculation model.

[0060] S2, the tilt angle is adjusted by the tilt angle adjustment mechanism, that is, the tilt angle of the standard ring gauge is adjusted. One specific way to adjust the tilt angle is to place a level on the ring gauge placement platform 3, observe which side the ring gauge placement platform 3 is roughly tilted to, and then control the tilt angle adjustment mechanism to adjust the ring gauge placement platform 3 in the opposite direction.

[0061] In the above process, the distance is continuously measured by the optical distance sensor 5. The distance measured by the optical distance sensor 5 is substituted into the initialized inner diameter measurement calculation model for calculation. The inner diameter value is continuously obtained. The inner diameter value will decrease from large to small, and then increase again. There will be an inflection point with a minimum value. Finally, the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors 5 corresponding to the smallest inner diameter value are obtained. Then, the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors 5 and the known inner diameter of the standard ring gauge are substituted into the inner diameter measurement calculation model. The least squares method is used for nonlinear fitting to solve for the optimized parameter values. The optimized parameter values ​​replace the parameter values ​​in step S1 to obtain the optimized inner diameter measurement calculation model.

[0062] S3, remove the standard ring gauge, and then the ring gauge to be tested can be measured. The measurement process of the ring gauge to be tested is as follows: place the ring gauge to be tested on the ring gauge placement platform 3, clamp the ring gauge to be tested with the three jaws of the three-point clamping mechanism 4, position the ring gauge to be tested in the middle position, and drive the optical distance sensor 5 to rise and fall through the lifting mechanism 6 so that the measuring section of the optical distance sensor 5 is basically in the middle position of the ring gauge to be tested (whether it is basically in the middle position can be visually inspected, because it does not need to be completely in the middle position). Measure the distance through the optical distance sensor 5, substitute the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors 5 into the optimized inner diameter measurement calculation model to calculate the inner diameter value. During this process, adjust the tilt angle through the tilt angle adjustment mechanism to continuously obtain the inner diameter value, and select the smallest inner diameter value as the inner diameter value of the middle position of the ring gauge to be tested.

[0063] After measuring the inner diameter value at the middle position of the ring gauge to be tested, the lifting mechanism 6 is controlled to rise, with a rising distance of 3 / 10 of the ring gauge thickness. The above process is repeated to obtain the inner diameter value at the upper position of the ring gauge to be tested. Then, the lifting mechanism 6 is controlled to fall, with a falling distance of 3 / 10 of the ring gauge thickness. The above process is repeated to obtain the inner diameter value at the lower position of the ring gauge to be tested. Finally, the average value of the inner diameter values ​​at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the ring gauge to be tested is taken as the final inner diameter value of the ring gauge to be tested.

[0064] The calculation model for the inner diameter measurement mentioned above is as follows:

[0065] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the inner diameter measurement calculation model incorporates the included angles between the measurement paths of the three optical distance sensors into the calculation. Figure 7 and Figure 8 middle:

[0066] S A S B S C This serves as the measurement starting point for the three optical ranging sensors;

[0067] A, B, and C are the measurement endpoints on the ring gauge corresponding to the three optical distance sensors during the measurement.

[0068] α A α B α C The installation angle between the optical rangefinders;

[0069] d A d B d C Offset;

[0070] I A I B IC The intersection of the extended lines of the optical ranging sensor's measurement circuit;

[0071] O is the center point;

[0072] E A E B E C The point where the line passing through the center point intersects perpendicularly with its extension;

[0073] l A l B l C The mounting arm length of the optical ranging sensor is E. A With S A The distance between them, E B With S B The distance between them, E C With S C The distance between them.

[0074] Taking the optical ranging sensor corresponding to A as an example, AS A S represents the measured value of this optical ranging sensor. A E A For the length of the mounting arm.

[0075] The following equation 1 can be derived from the formula for the circumcircle in trigonometric form and the law of cosines.

[0076]

[0077] Taking side length AB as an example, its value can be calculated using Equation 2:

[0078]

[0079] In the AB relationship, AI A It can be derived from line segment AS A S A E A I A E A Expression, BI A It can be derived from line segment BS B S B E B I A E B Express:

[0080]

[0081] In triangle E A OE B In the middle, according to the Law of Sines, β A Can be derived from d A α A EB E A It means that β B Can be derived from d B α A E B E A express:

[0082]

[0083] From this, we can deduce that:

[0084]

[0085] And E B E A According to the Law of Cosines, it can be derived from d A d B and α A express:

[0086]

[0087] In triangle E A I A E B From the law of cosines, we can deduce that:

[0088]

[0089] From this, we can deduce I A E A I A E B :

[0090]

[0091] Combining Equation 2, the length of line segment AB can be calculated. Similarly, the lengths of line segments BC and CA can be calculated using the same method. Substituting these values ​​into Equation 2, the expression for the inner diameter measurement calculation model can be obtained as follows:

[0092] D = f(AS) A BS B CS C ,l A ,l B ,l C ,d A ,d B ,d C (9)

[0093] The inner diameter measurement calculation model of the present invention has higher accuracy. It incorporates the influence of the optical distance sensor position deviating from the ideal position due to the manufacturing and installation of the ring gauge inner diameter measuring device into the inner diameter measurement calculation model, thereby achieving compensation for the influence.

[0094] The ring gauge inner diameter measuring device of this invention is applicable to the ring gauge measurement requirements in JJG 894-1995 "Standard Ring Gauge Verification Procedure". Simultaneously, the inner diameter measurement calculation model can compensate for measurement errors caused by angles, offsets, etc., during manufacturing and installation, thus improving the measurement accuracy of the inner diameter. Furthermore, by using a standard ring gauge to solve for unknown parameters in the model, the measurement problems of parameters such as installation angles and offsets in the measuring device are resolved.

[0095] The above embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto. All other modifications, substitutions or alterations made to the above structure of the present invention based on the above content of the present invention, in accordance with ordinary technical knowledge and common practice in the field, without departing from the basic technical idea of ​​the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-sensor based ring gage inner diameter measuring device, characterized by: The device includes a vibration-damping worktable, a tilt adjustment mechanism, a ring gauge placement platform, a three-point clamping mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and three optical distance measuring sensors. The ring gauge placement platform is mounted on the vibration-damping worktable via the tilt adjustment mechanism, which allows adjustment of the platform's tilt angle. The three-point clamping mechanism is located on the ring gauge placement platform and has three grippers evenly distributed on the same circumference that can move synchronously along the diameter direction. During measurement, the ring gauge is clamped by the three grippers. The ring gauge placement platform has a through hole in the middle. The lifting mechanism is located on the vibration-damping worktable at the through hole. The three optical distance measuring sensors are mounted on the lifting mechanism and evenly distributed on a circumference. The circumference of the three optical distance measuring sensors is concentric with the circumference of the three grippers. The tilt adjustment mechanism includes three telescopic adjustment modules evenly distributed on the same circumference. The tilt angle is adjusted by the tilt adjustment mechanism to continuously obtain inner diameter values, and the smallest inner diameter value is selected as the inner diameter value of the ring gauge to be measured.

2. The three-sensor based ring gage inner diameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein: The telescopic adjustment module includes a telescopic motor and a ball joint. The telescopic rod of the telescopic motor is inclined toward the ring gauge placement platform, and the outer end of the telescopic rod of the telescopic motor is connected to the bottom of the ring gauge placement platform through the ball joint.

3. The three-sensor based ring gage inner diameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein: The shock-absorbing workbench is equipped with a housing on top, and a fixed base is provided on top of the housing. The tilt adjustment mechanism and the lifting mechanism are installed on the fixed base.

4. The ring gauge inner diameter measuring device based on three sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting frame, and the outer side of the lifting frame is provided with three mounting planes, on which the three optical ranging sensors are fixedly installed.

5. A method for measuring the inner diameter of a ring gauge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place a standard ring gauge with a known inner diameter on the ring gauge placement platform and clamp it with a three-point clamping mechanism. Measure the distance using an optical distance sensor. Substitute the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors and the known inner diameter value of the standard ring gauge into the inner diameter measurement calculation model. Perform nonlinear fitting using the least squares method to solve for the parameter values ​​and complete the initialization of the inner diameter measurement calculation model. S2, the tilt angle is adjusted by the tilt angle adjustment mechanism, and the inner diameter value is continuously calculated by the initialized inner diameter measurement calculation model. Finally, the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors corresponding to the smallest inner diameter value are obtained. Then, the distance values ​​measured by the three optical distance sensors and the known inner diameter of the standard ring gauge are substituted into the inner diameter measurement calculation model. The least squares method is used for nonlinear fitting, and the optimized parameter values ​​are solved again to obtain the optimized inner diameter measurement calculation model. S3, remove the standard ring gauge, and then the ring gauge to be tested can be measured. The measurement process of the ring gauge to be tested is as follows: place the ring gauge to be tested on the ring gauge placement platform, clamp it with a three-point clamping mechanism, and then measure the distance with an optical distance measuring sensor. Substitute the distance measured by the optical distance measuring sensor into the optimized inner diameter measurement calculation model to calculate the inner diameter value. During this process, adjust the tilt angle with an tilt angle adjustment mechanism to continuously obtain inner diameter values. Select the smallest inner diameter value as the inner diameter value of the ring gauge to be tested.

6. The measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the measurement process of the ring gauge to be tested is repeated to obtain the inner diameter values ​​of the upper, middle and lower positions of the ring gauge to be tested.

7. The measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the upper position and the middle position, and the distance between the lower position and the middle position, are both 3 / 10 of the ring gauge thickness.

8. The measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In steps S1 and S2, the optical ranging sensor measures the standard ring gauge at the middle position of the standard ring gauge.

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