Method and device for determining parameters of a tire tread compound

Abstract

The application discloses a parameter determination method and device for tire tread rubber. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring rubber property parameters of multiple tread rubbers, wherein the rubber property parameters at least comprise hardness; performing friction simulation experiment through a tread friction simulation model, the model comprising a first tread rubber sample and a roller, to determine contact friction energy; performing rolling abrasion experiment on a second tread rubber sample with the same shape to acquire abrasion volume; combining the friction energy, the abrasion volume and the hardness to calculate an abrasion performance coefficient; and selecting the rubber property parameters corresponding to the minimum abrasion performance coefficient as target rubber property parameters. The application solves the technical problem that it is difficult to efficiently and accurately determine the abrasion performance of different tread rubbers in a tire production scene to guide material selection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tire parameter design technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for determining the parameters of tire tread compound. Background Technology

[0002] Tires, as the cornerstone of automotive safety and performance, have wear resistance that is a core indicator for ensuring driving stability and extending tire life. For tire manufacturers, accurately selecting tread compounds to slow tire wear and improve durability is a crucial task. However, efficiently and accurately assessing the wear resistance of compounds in production settings to guide material optimization remains a significant technical challenge.

[0003] Traditional wear testing methods, such as the Akron and DIN tests, while providing basic data, are limited by their lengthy testing cycles, high resource consumption, and sensitivity to environmental conditions. These methods require the preparation of specialized specimens and physical wear testing, a process inefficient in large-scale production and struggling to achieve high consistency and reproducibility of results, particularly when comparing the performance of different materials, where reliability issues are especially prominent. Furthermore, these methods cannot simulate the performance of tires in complex and variable real-world operating environments, such as wear characteristics on wet or high-speed roads. This results in a lack of comprehensive and accurate data to support the selection of rubber compounds, hindering the tire industry's exploration and innovation towards higher-performance materials.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and apparatus for determining the parameters of tire tread compounds, so as to at least solve the technical problem that it is difficult to efficiently and accurately determine the wear performance of different tread compounds in tire production scenarios to guide material selection.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for determining parameters of tire tread compound is provided, comprising: acquiring multiple sets of compound property parameters corresponding to various tread compounds, wherein the compound property parameters include at least: hardness; for each tread compound, inputting the compound property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters into a tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments, wherein the tire friction simulation model includes a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample; determining the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread compound sample and the roller based on the simulation results; conducting a rolling wear experiment on a second tread compound sample corresponding to the tread compound, wherein the second tread compound sample has the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample, and the experimental operation state parameters of the rolling wear experiment are the same as the simulation operation state parameters; determining the wear volume of the second tread compound sample based on the experimental results; determining the wear performance coefficient of the tread compound based on the frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness; and determining the compound property parameter with the smallest wear performance coefficient from the multiple sets of compound property parameters as the target compound property parameter for the tire to be produced.

[0007] Optionally, the rubber compound property parameters may also include: shear modulus, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, dynamic friction coefficient, and maximum static friction coefficient; the simulation operation state parameters and experimental operation state parameters may include at least: operating environment, normal pressure per unit area applied to the tread rubber compound sample, rolling speed between the tread rubber compound sample and the contact plane, and total contact time.

[0008] Optionally, the rubber property parameters of the tread compound and the preset simulation running state parameters are input into the tire friction simulation model to conduct a friction simulation experiment, including: initializing the tire friction simulation model; substituting the rubber property parameters of the tread compound into the first tread compound sample and configuring the simulation running state parameters; and explicitly loading the tire friction simulation model to complete the friction simulation experiment.

[0009] Optionally, the simulation results shall include at least: the number of contacts between the first tread rubber sample and the roller, the contact duration and sliding distance of each contact, and the normal force applied to the first tread rubber sample; the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber sample and the roller shall be determined based on the simulation results, including: calculating the sliding velocity of the first tread rubber sample during each contact with the roller according to the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, Indicates the sliding speed. Indicates the sliding distance. Indicates the duration of contact;

[0012] The overall friction coefficient of the first tread compound sample was calculated using the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, Indicates the overall friction coefficient. This represents the coefficient of kinetic friction. Indicates the maximum static friction coefficient. The preset attenuation coefficient;

[0015] The frictional energy generated by the first tread compound sample in contact with the roller is calculated using the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, Indicates the number of contacts. This indicates the normal pressure applied to the first tread compound sample.

[0018] Optionally, a rolling abrasion test is performed on a second tread compound sample corresponding to the first tread compound sample, including: obtaining a second tread compound sample with the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample; and performing a DIN abrasion test on the second tread compound sample based on the experimental operating parameters.

[0019] Optionally, the rubber compound properties parameters also include: density; the experimental results include at least: the first and second masses of the second tread rubber compound sample before and after the DIN abrasion test; the abrasion volume of the second tread rubber compound sample is determined based on the experimental results, including: calculating the abrasion volume of the second tread rubber compound sample according to the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, Indicates the wear volume. and These represent the first mass of the second tread compound sample before and the second mass after the DIN abrasion test, respectively. This indicates the density of the second tread compound sample.

[0022] Optionally, the abrasion performance coefficient of the tread compound is determined based on frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness, including calculating the abrasion performance coefficient according to the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, Indicates the wear performance coefficient. Indicates the wear volume. Indicates hardness. It represents frictional energy.

[0025] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a parameter determination device for tire tread compound is also provided, comprising: an acquisition module, configured to acquire multiple sets of compound property parameters corresponding to various tread compounds, wherein the compound property parameters include at least: hardness; and an index determination module, configured to, for each tread compound, input the compound property parameters of the tread compound and preset simulation operation state parameters into a tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments, wherein the tire friction simulation model includes a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample; and determine the parameters of the first tread compound sample based on the simulation results. The frictional energy generated by the contact between the sample and the roller; a rolling abrasion test is conducted on the second tread rubber sample corresponding to the tread rubber compound, wherein the second tread rubber sample has the same shape and size as the first tread rubber sample, and the experimental running state parameters of the rolling abrasion test are the same as the simulation running state parameters; the wear volume of the second tread rubber sample is determined based on the experimental results; the abrasion performance coefficient of the tread rubber compound is determined based on the frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness; a parameter selection module is used to determine the rubber property parameter with the smallest corresponding abrasion performance coefficient from multiple sets of rubber property parameters as the target rubber property parameter for the tire to be produced.

[0026] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product comprising: a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method for determining the parameters of the tire tread compound.

[0027] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is also provided, the electronic device including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the above-described method for determining the parameters of the tire tread compound through the computer program.

[0028] In this embodiment, firstly, multiple sets of rubber property parameters corresponding to various tread rubber compounds are obtained, wherein the rubber property parameters include at least hardness; secondly, for each tread rubber compound, the rubber property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters of the tread rubber compound are input into a tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments, wherein the tire friction simulation model includes a first tread rubber compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread rubber compound sample; the friction energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber compound sample and the roller is determined based on the simulation results; a rolling wear experiment is conducted on a second tread rubber compound sample corresponding to the tread rubber compound, wherein the second tread rubber compound sample has the same shape and size as the first tread rubber compound sample, and the experimental operation state parameters of the rolling wear experiment are the same as the simulation operation state parameters; the wear volume of the second tread rubber compound sample is determined based on the experimental results; the wear performance coefficient of the tread rubber compound is determined based on the friction energy, wear volume, and hardness; finally, the rubber property parameter with the smallest wear performance coefficient is determined from the multiple sets of rubber property parameters as the target rubber property parameter for the tire to be produced. By combining the frictional energy obtained from simulation with the wear volume obtained from actual experiments, the wear performance of different tread compounds can be evaluated more accurately. This allows for the selection of optimal compound properties during the design phase, effectively improving tire wear resistance and service life. This not only saves a significant amount of cost and time in physical experiments but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of tire design. Ultimately, it solves the technical problem of efficiently and accurately determining the wear performance of different tread compounds to guide material selection in tire production scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an optional method for determining the parameters of a tire tread compound according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an optional rotary roller abrasion machine according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optional tire tread compound parameter determination device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optional electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0036] To better understand the embodiments of this application, the following is a translation and explanation of some nouns or terms that appear in the description of the embodiments of this application:

[0037] The ARCHARD wear model is a theoretical model for predicting the volume loss of materials during wear. It was proposed by British engineer John C. Archard. The model posits that during wear, the volume loss of a material is directly proportional to the frictional force and sliding distance at the contact surface, and inversely proportional to the material's hardness.

[0038] Akron abrasion test: A standard test method for assessing the degree of wear of materials, commonly used to test the abrasion performance of rubber products. The test involves clamping a sample on a rotating drum, bringing it into contact with sandpaper or other abrasives under pressure, measuring the change in the sample's mass before and after the contact, and then calculating the amount of wear. While the Akron abrasion test is a routine testing method in the industry, it is complex, time-consuming, and relatively expensive.

[0039] DIN Abrasion Test: Another widely used abrasion performance testing method, originating from the German Association for Standardization (DIN), is used to evaluate the wear characteristics of rubber materials. The DIN test evaluates the abrasion resistance of a material by measuring the change in mass of the specimen during the abrasion process under specific pressure and slip conditions. Compared to the Akron test, the DIN test is considered a faster and more economical option in some industries, but the interpretation of its results also depends on the precise control of the experimental conditions.

[0040] Rubber compound abrasion performance parameters: These are parameters in the ARCHARD model used to quantify the wear resistance of materials. Rubber compound abrasion performance parameters are constants determined by material properties; they reflect the differences in abrasion performance among different materials under the same conditions and are key indicators for material selection and performance optimization.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] According to an embodiment of this application, a method for determining parameters of tire tread compound is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining parameters of a tire tread compound according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S102: Obtain multiple sets of rubber property parameters corresponding to various tread rubber compounds, wherein the rubber property parameters include at least: hardness;

[0045] Step S104: For each tread compound, input the compound property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters into the tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments. The tire friction simulation model includes a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample. Determine the friction energy generated by the contact between the first tread compound sample and the roller based on the simulation results. Conduct a rolling wear experiment on the second tread compound sample corresponding to the tread compound. The second tread compound sample has the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample, and the experimental operation state parameters of the rolling wear experiment are the same as the simulation operation state parameters. Determine the wear volume of the second tread compound sample based on the experimental results. Determine the wear performance coefficient of the tread compound based on the friction energy, wear volume, and hardness.

[0046] Step S106: Determine the rubber compound property parameter with the smallest abrasion performance coefficient from multiple sets of rubber compound property parameters as the target rubber compound property parameter for the tire to be produced.

[0047] The following section explains the steps involved in determining the parameters of tire tread compound, using a specific implementation process as an example.

[0048] Optionally, in addition to hardness, the rubber compound properties also include parameters such as shear modulus, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, dynamic friction coefficient, and maximum static friction coefficient. Hardness measures a material's resistance to indentation by external forces; for tires, hardness affects wear resistance, grip, and comfort. Shear modulus and elastic modulus reflect the elastic response of a material under shear and tension, respectively, while Poisson's ratio describes the proportional relationship between lateral and longitudinal deformation of a material under tension or compression. The dynamic friction coefficient and maximum static friction coefficient represent the frictional characteristics of the material under moving and stationary states, respectively. By comprehensively considering these parameters, the technical solution of this application embodiment can more comprehensively evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of the tread compound, overcoming the limitations of evaluating tire performance with a single parameter.

[0049] For each type of tread compound, the specific steps involved in determining the various indicators are as follows:

[0050] Step S1: Input the rubber property parameters of the tread compound and the preset simulation running state parameters into the tire friction simulation model to conduct a friction simulation experiment.

[0051] The simulation operation parameters include at least the operating environment, the normal pressure per unit area applied to the tread rubber sample, the rolling speed between the tread rubber sample and the contact plane, and the total contact time. Since environmental factors have a significant impact on the performance of tire materials, in addition to the above simulation operation parameters, simulation environment parameters such as temperature and humidity of the operating environment can also be considered.

[0052] Specifically, friction simulation experiments can be conducted by combining rubber compound property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters. The experimental process can include the following steps: initializing the tire material friction simulation model; substituting the rubber compound property parameters of the tread rubber compound into the first tread rubber compound sample and configuring the simulation operation state parameters; explicitly loading the tire material friction simulation model to complete the friction simulation experiment.

[0053] Initializing the simulation model is a crucial step in ensuring that it accurately reflects the actual material properties of the tire. By substituting rubber compound property parameters and configuring operating state parameters, the model can simulate the friction and wear process of the tire under specific operating conditions. Explicit loading allows the model to progress gradually over time, capturing the details of each contact, thus providing more accurate friction energy calculations. Through this series of simulation steps, the frictional behavior of tires in actual use can be effectively simulated, solving the problem of the lack of accurate friction models in traditional designs.

[0054] In addition, loading methods include, but are not limited to, explicit loading. The model can also adopt implicit loading or other loading strategies to adapt to different types of friction simulation needs.

[0055] Step S2: Determine the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber sample and the roller based on the simulation results.

[0056] After simulation experiments, relevant simulation results can be obtained. These results include at least: the number of contacts between the first tread rubber sample and the roller, the contact duration and sliding distance of each contact, and the normal pressure applied to the first tread rubber sample. Based on the simulation results, the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber sample and the roller can be determined, including:

[0057] The slip velocity of the first tread compound sample at each contact with the roller is calculated using the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, Indicates the sliding speed. Indicates the sliding distance. It indicates the contact duration; the sliding velocity is calculated based on the contact duration and sliding distance, reflecting the relative motion velocity of the materials during the contact process.

[0060] The overall friction coefficient of the first tread compound sample was calculated using the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, Indicates the overall friction coefficient. This represents the coefficient of kinetic friction. Indicates the maximum static friction coefficient. The attenuation coefficient is a preset value; the comprehensive friction coefficient takes into account both the dynamic friction coefficient and the maximum static friction coefficient, and describes the characteristics of the friction coefficient changing with the sliding speed more accurately through the exponential function relationship of the sliding speed.

[0063] After obtaining the comprehensive friction coefficient, the frictional energy generated by the first tread rubber sample in contact with the roller can be calculated using the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, Indicates the number of contacts. This represents the normal force applied to the first tread compound sample. The calculation of frictional energy combines the number of contacts, the coefficient of friction, the normal force, and the slip distance to quantify the energy consumption during the friction process.

[0066] Step S3: Perform a rolling abrasion test on the second tread compound sample corresponding to the tread compound.

[0067] Specifically, when conducting rolling wear tests, the following steps can be taken: select a second tread rubber sample with the same shape and size as the first tread rubber sample; and conduct a DIN wear test on the second tread rubber sample based on the experimental operating parameters.

[0068] The DIN abrasion test is a standardized method for testing tire material wear. It measures the degree of wear by rolling a sample against a wear wheel under specific conditions. In this embodiment, the experimental operating parameters are consistent with the simulation operating parameters described above. This ensures that the simulation and experiment are conducted under the same conditions, guaranteeing the consistency and accuracy of the evaluation results and solving the problem of mismatch between simulation and experimental results in traditional designs.

[0069] In addition to rolling wear tests via the DIN abrasion test, other types of wear test methods, such as the Albert-Martin abrasion test, can be used to adapt to different standards or specific test requirements.

[0070] Rotary roller abrasion testers can be used as equipment for rolling abrasion experiments. Figure 2 A structural diagram of a rotary roller abrasion tester is shown. The sliding arm 1 supports and guides the sample holder 8 to ensure stable contact between the sample 7 and the roller 5 during testing. The slide rail 2 serves as the track for the sliding arm 1, ensuring linear movement of the sample 7 during the abrasion test and reducing deviation or swaying to guarantee accurate test results. Double-sided adhesive tape 3 secures the sample 7 to the sample holder 8, preventing slippage or detachment during testing and ensuring consistency of conditions before and after the experiment. Abrasive cloth 4 acts as the abrasive material in contact with the sample 7 during the abrasion experiment; its roughness and material directly affect the degree of wear on the sample 7, making its selection and condition crucial to the experimental results. Furthermore, the roller 5, as the core component of the equipment, is the part that directly contacts the sample 7 during the abrasion experiment. Its rotation applies friction to the sample 7, simulating the wear process of a tire during actual use.

[0071] Step S4: Determine the wear volume of the second tread compound sample based on the experimental results.

[0072] After the rolling wear test is completed, the experimental results should include at least: the first and second masses of the second tread rubber sample before and after the DIN wear test. Based on the experimental results, the wear volume of the second tread rubber sample can be determined as follows: the first and second masses of the second tread rubber sample before and after the DIN wear test; and the wear volume of the second tread rubber sample calculated according to the formula.

[0073]

[0074] Where ΔV represents the wear volume, and W_1 and W_2 represent the first mass before and the second mass after the DIN abrasion test of the second tread compound sample, respectively. This indicates the density of the second tread compound sample.

[0075] Furthermore, the density of the second tread compound sample involved in the above calculation process can be included in the pre-acquired compound property parameters. Density is the mass per unit volume of a material; for tire materials, density affects the tire's weight and energy consumption. By measuring the mass change of the sample before and after the experiment, and combining this with the material density, the wear volume of the sample can be accurately calculated, providing a direct quantitative indicator for tire material wear assessment. In addition, the calculation of wear volume includes, but is not limited to, the above calculation method; other physical or chemical methods can also be used to measure wear volume to adapt to different materials or testing conditions.

[0076] Step S5: Determine the abrasion performance coefficient of the tread compound based on frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness.

[0077] Furthermore, determining the abrasion performance coefficient of the tread compound based on frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness may specifically include the following steps:

[0078] The wear performance coefficient is calculated using the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, Indicates the wear performance coefficient. Indicates the wear volume. Indicates hardness. It represents frictional energy.

[0081] The above calculation process for the abrasion performance coefficient comprehensively considers frictional energy, wear volume, and material hardness, and is a key indicator for evaluating the wear resistance of tire materials. After determining and calculating the abrasion performance coefficient corresponding to each tread compound, the compound property parameter with the lowest abrasion performance coefficient can be selected from multiple sets of compound property parameters as the target compound property parameter for the tire to be produced, thereby ensuring that the produced tire has optimal wear resistance. This means that the tire wear rate is reduced during use, the service life is extended, and thus the overall durability of the tire is improved.

[0082] Through the above steps, the rubber property parameters of the tread compound and the preset simulation operation parameters are input into the tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments. Based on the simulation results, the frictional energy generated by the first tread compound sample in contact with the roller is determined. Then, a rolling wear experiment is conducted on the second tread compound sample corresponding to the tread compound. Based on the experimental results, the wear volume of the second tread compound sample is determined. Combining the simulation results and the actual experimental results, the wear performance coefficient of the tread compound is determined by comprehensively considering the frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness. This guides relevant personnel to select the minimum rubber property parameter from multiple sets of rubber property parameters as the target rubber property parameter for the tire to be produced. This achieves accurate evaluation of the wear performance of tire tread compounds, which not only saves a lot of cost and time in physical experiments, but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of tire design. In turn, it solves the technical problem of difficulty in efficiently and accurately determining the wear performance of different tread compounds to guide material selection in tire production scenarios.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] According to an embodiment of this application, a device for determining the parameters of tire tread compound is also provided for implementing the method for determining the parameters of tire tread compound in Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the parameter determination device for the tire tread compound includes at least: an acquisition module 31, an index determination module 32, and a parameter selection module 33, wherein:

[0085] The acquisition module 31 can acquire multiple sets of rubber property parameters corresponding to various tread rubber compounds, wherein the rubber property parameters include at least: hardness;

[0086] The index determination module 32 can input the rubber property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters of each tread compound into the tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments. The tire friction simulation model includes a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample. Based on the simulation results, the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread compound sample and the roller is determined. A rolling wear experiment is conducted on a second tread compound sample corresponding to the first tread compound sample. The second tread compound sample has the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample, and the experimental operation state parameters of the rolling wear experiment are the same as the simulation operation state parameters. Based on the experimental results, the wear volume of the second tread compound sample is determined. The wear performance coefficient of the tread compound is determined based on the frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness.

[0087] The parameter selection module 33 can determine the rubber property parameter with the smallest abrasion performance coefficient from multiple sets of rubber property parameters as the target rubber property parameter for the tire to be produced.

[0088] The following section describes the functions of each module of the tire tread compound parameter determination device in conjunction with the specific implementation process.

[0089] Optionally, the rubber compound property parameters acquired by the acquisition module include, in addition to hardness, parameters such as shear modulus, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, dynamic friction coefficient, and maximum static friction coefficient. Hardness measures a material's resistance to indentation by external forces; for tires, hardness affects wear resistance, grip, and comfort. Shear modulus and elastic modulus reflect the elastic response of a material under shear and tension, respectively, while Poisson's ratio describes the proportional relationship between lateral and longitudinal deformation of a material under tension or compression. The dynamic friction coefficient and maximum static friction coefficient represent the frictional characteristics of the material under moving and stationary states, respectively. By comprehensively considering these parameters, this technical solution can more comprehensively evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of the tread compound, overcoming the limitations of evaluating tire performance with a single parameter.

[0090] For each tread compound, the index determination module includes the following steps when determining each index:

[0091] Step S1: The index determination module inputs the rubber property parameters of the tread compound and the preset simulation running state parameters into the tire friction simulation model to conduct friction simulation experiments.

[0092] The simulation operation parameters include at least the operating environment, the normal pressure per unit area applied to the tread rubber sample, the rolling speed between the tread rubber sample and the contact plane, and the total contact time. Since environmental factors have a significant impact on the performance of tire materials, in addition to the above simulation operation parameters, simulation environment parameters such as temperature and humidity of the operating environment can also be considered.

[0093] Specifically, friction simulation experiments can be conducted by combining rubber compound property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters. The experimental process can include the following steps: initializing the tire material friction simulation model; substituting the rubber compound property parameters of the tread rubber compound into the first tread rubber compound sample and configuring the simulation operation state parameters; explicitly loading the tire material friction simulation model to complete the friction simulation experiment.

[0094] Initializing the simulation model is a crucial step in ensuring that it accurately reflects the actual material properties of the tire. By substituting rubber compound property parameters and configuring operating state parameters, the model can simulate the friction and wear process of the tire under specific operating conditions. Explicit loading allows the model to progress gradually over time, capturing the details of each contact, thus providing more accurate friction energy calculations. Through this series of simulation steps, the frictional behavior of tires in actual use can be effectively simulated, solving the problem of the lack of accurate friction models in traditional designs.

[0095] In addition, loading methods include, but are not limited to, explicit loading. The model can also adopt implicit loading or other loading strategies to adapt to different types of friction simulation needs.

[0096] Step S2: The index determination module determines the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber sample and the roller based on the simulation results.

[0097] After simulation experiments, relevant simulation results can be obtained. These results include at least: the number of contacts between the first tread rubber sample and the roller, the contact duration and sliding distance of each contact, and the normal pressure applied to the first tread rubber sample. Based on the simulation results, the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber sample and the roller can be determined, including:

[0098] The slip velocity of the first tread compound sample at each contact with the roller is calculated using the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, Indicates the sliding speed. Indicates the sliding distance. It indicates the contact duration; the sliding velocity is calculated based on the contact duration and sliding distance, reflecting the relative motion velocity of the materials during the contact process.

[0101] The overall friction coefficient of the first tread compound sample was calculated using the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, Indicates the overall friction coefficient. This represents the coefficient of kinetic friction. Indicates the maximum static friction coefficient. The attenuation coefficient is a preset value; the comprehensive friction coefficient takes into account both the dynamic friction coefficient and the maximum static friction coefficient, and describes the characteristics of the friction coefficient changing with the sliding speed more accurately through the exponential function relationship of the sliding speed.

[0104] After obtaining the comprehensive friction coefficient, the frictional energy generated by the first tread rubber sample in contact with the roller can be calculated using the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, Indicates the number of contacts. This represents the normal force applied to the first tread compound sample. The calculation of frictional energy combines the number of contacts, the coefficient of friction, the normal force, and the slip distance to quantify the energy consumption during the friction process.

[0107] Step S3: The index determination module performs a rolling abrasion test on the second tread rubber sample corresponding to the tread rubber compound.

[0108] Specifically, when conducting rolling wear tests, the following steps can be taken: select a second tread rubber sample with the same shape and size as the first tread rubber sample; and conduct a DIN wear test on the second tread rubber sample based on the experimental operating parameters.

[0109] The DIN abrasion test is a standardized method for testing tire material wear. It measures the degree of wear by rolling a sample against a wear wheel under specific conditions. In this embodiment, the experimental operating parameters are consistent with the simulation operating parameters described above. This ensures that the simulation and experiment are conducted under the same conditions, guaranteeing the consistency and accuracy of the evaluation results and solving the problem of mismatch between simulation and experimental results in traditional designs.

[0110] In addition to rolling wear tests via the DIN abrasion test, other types of wear test methods, such as the Albert-Martin abrasion test, can be used to adapt to different standards or specific test requirements.

[0111] Step S4: The index determination module determines the wear volume of the second tread compound sample based on the experimental results.

[0112] After the rolling wear test is completed, the experimental results should include at least: the first and second masses of the second tread rubber sample before and after the DIN wear test. Based on the experimental results, the wear volume of the second tread rubber sample can be determined as follows: the first and second masses of the second tread rubber sample before and after the DIN wear test; and the wear volume of the second tread rubber sample calculated according to the formula.

[0113]

[0114] Where ΔV represents the wear volume, and W_1 and W_2 represent the first mass before and the second mass after the DIN abrasion test of the second tread compound sample, respectively. This indicates the density of the second tread compound sample.

[0115] Furthermore, the density of the second tread compound sample involved in the above calculation process can be included in the pre-acquired compound property parameters. Density is the mass per unit volume of a material; for tire materials, density affects the tire's weight and energy consumption. By measuring the mass change of the sample before and after the experiment, and combining this with the material density, the wear volume of the sample can be accurately calculated, providing a direct quantitative indicator for tire material wear assessment. In addition, the calculation of wear volume includes, but is not limited to, the above calculation method; other physical or chemical methods can also be used to measure wear volume to adapt to different materials or testing conditions.

[0116] Step S5: The index determination module determines the abrasion performance coefficient of the tread compound based on frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness.

[0117] Furthermore, determining the abrasion performance coefficient of the tread compound based on frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness may specifically include the following steps:

[0118] The wear performance coefficient is calculated using the following formula:

[0119]

[0120] In the formula, Indicates the wear performance coefficient. Indicates the wear volume. Indicates hardness. It represents frictional energy.

[0121] The above calculation process for the wear performance coefficient comprehensively considers frictional energy, wear volume, and material hardness, and is a key indicator for evaluating the wear resistance of tire materials. After the indicator determination module determines and calculates the wear performance coefficient corresponding to each tread compound, the parameter selection module can select the compound property parameter with the lowest wear performance coefficient from multiple sets of compound property parameters as the target compound property parameter for the tire to be produced, thereby ensuring that the produced tire has optimal wear resistance. This means that the tire wear rate is reduced during use, the service life is extended, and thus the overall durability of the tire is improved.

[0122] It should be noted that each module in the tire tread compound parameter determination device in this application embodiment corresponds one-to-one with each implementation step of the tire tread compound parameter determination method in Embodiment 1. Since Embodiment 1 has been described in detail, some details not shown in this embodiment can be referred to Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0123] Example 3

[0124] According to an embodiment of this application, a computer program product is also provided, which includes a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for determining the parameters of the tire tread compound in Embodiment 1.

[0125] According to an embodiment of this application, a non-volatile storage medium is also provided, which includes a stored computer program, wherein the device containing the non-volatile storage medium executes the parameter determination method for tire tread compound in Embodiment 1 by running the computer program.

[0126] According to an embodiment of this application, a processor is also provided for running a computer program, wherein the computer program executes the method for determining the parameters of the tire tread compound in Embodiment 1.

[0127] According to an embodiment of this application, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the parameter determination method for tire tread compound in Embodiment 1 through the computer program.

[0128] Specifically, the computer program executes the following steps during runtime: acquiring multiple sets of rubber property parameters corresponding to various tread compounds, wherein the rubber property parameters include at least hardness; for each tread compound, inputting the rubber property parameters and preset simulation running state parameters into a tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments, the tire friction simulation model including a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample; determining the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread compound sample and the roller based on the simulation results; conducting a rolling wear experiment on a second tread compound sample corresponding to the tread compound, the second tread compound sample having the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample, and the experimental running state parameters of the rolling wear experiment being the same as the simulation running state parameters; determining the wear volume of the second tread compound sample based on the experimental results; determining the wear performance coefficient of the tread compound based on frictional energy, wear volume, and hardness; and determining the rubber property parameter with the smallest corresponding wear performance coefficient from multiple sets of rubber property parameters as the target rubber property parameter for the tire to be produced.

[0129] As an alternative implementation, the above-mentioned electronic device may exist in the form of a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Figure 4 A hardware block diagram of an electronic device for implementing a method for determining the parameters of tire tread compound is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 40 may include one or more (shown as 402a, 402b, ..., 402n) processors 402 (processors 402 may include, but are not limited to, microprocessors such as MCUs or programmable logic devices such as FPGAs), a memory 404 for storing data, and a transmission device 406 for communication functions. In addition, it may also include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of a BUS bus), a network interface, a power supply, and / or a camera. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the electronic device described above. For example, electronic device 40 may also include... Figure 4 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 4 The different configurations shown.

[0130] It should be noted that the aforementioned one or more processors 402 and / or other data processing circuits are generally referred to herein as "data processing circuits". These data processing circuits may be embodied, in whole or in part, in software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. Furthermore, the data processing circuits may be a single, independent processing module, or may be integrated, in whole or in part, into any other element of the electronic device 40. As involved in the embodiments of this application, the data processing circuits serve as a processor control mechanism (e.g., selection of a variable resistor termination path connected to an interface).

[0131] The memory 404 can be used to store software programs and modules of application software, such as the program instructions / data storage device corresponding to the method for determining the parameters of tire tread rubber in this embodiment. The processor 402 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 404, thereby implementing the aforementioned vulnerability detection method for the application. The memory 404 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 404 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 402, and these remote memories can be connected to the electronic device 40 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0132] The transmission device 406 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the electronic device 40. In one example, the transmission device 406 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 406 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0133] The display can be, for example, a touchscreen liquid crystal display (LCD), which allows the user to interact with the user interface of the electronic device 40.

[0134] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0135] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0136] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0137] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0138] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0139] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0140] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the parameters of a tire tread compound, characterized in that, include: Obtain multiple sets of rubber property parameters corresponding to various tread rubber compounds, wherein the rubber property parameters include at least: hardness; For each tread compound, the compound property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters of the tread compound are input into the tire friction simulation model to conduct friction simulation experiments. The tire friction simulation model includes a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample. The frictional energy generated by the first tread rubber sample in contact with the roller was determined based on the simulation results. A rolling abrasion test was conducted on the second tread compound sample corresponding to the tread compound, wherein the second tread compound sample has the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample, and the experimental running state parameters of the rolling abrasion test are the same as the simulation running state parameters. The wear volume of the second tread compound sample was determined based on the experimental results; The abrasion performance coefficient of the tread compound is determined based on the frictional energy, the wear volume, and the hardness. The calculation formula includes: In the formula, This represents the wear performance coefficient. This indicates the wear volume. This indicates the hardness. This represents the frictional energy; The rubber compound property parameter with the smallest abrasion performance coefficient is determined from the multiple sets of rubber compound property parameters and used as the target rubber compound property parameter for the tire to be produced.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber compound properties also include: shear modulus, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, dynamic friction coefficient, and maximum static friction coefficient; The simulation operation status parameters and the experimental operation status parameters include at least the following: operating environment, normal pressure per unit area applied to the tread rubber sample, rolling speed between the tread rubber sample and the contact plane, and total contact time.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber compound property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters of the tread compound are input into the tire friction simulation model to conduct friction simulation experiments, including: Initialize the tire material friction simulation model; Substitute the rubber property parameters of the tread compound into the first tread compound sample, and configure the simulation running state parameters. The friction simulation model of the tire material was explicitly loaded to complete the friction simulation experiment.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The simulation results include at least: the number of contacts between the first tread rubber sample and the roller, the contact duration and sliding distance of each contact, and the normal pressure applied to the first tread rubber sample; The frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread rubber sample and the roller was determined based on simulation results, including: The slip velocity of the first tread compound sample during each contact with the roller is calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, Indicates the sliding speed. Indicates the sliding distance. Indicates the duration of contact; The overall coefficient of friction of the first tread compound sample was calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, Indicates the overall friction coefficient. This represents the coefficient of kinetic friction. Indicates the maximum static friction coefficient. The preset attenuation coefficient; The frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread compound sample and the roller is calculated according to the following formula: ； In the formula, Indicates the number of contacts. This indicates the positive pressure applied to the first tread compound sample.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rolling abrasion test was performed on the second tread compound sample corresponding to the aforementioned tread compound, including: Obtain a second tread compound sample with the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample; The second tread compound sample was subjected to a DIN abrasion test based on the experimental operating parameters.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rubber compound property parameters also include: density; the experimental results include at least: the first mass and the second mass of the second tread rubber compound sample before and after the DIN abrasion test; The wear volume of the second tread compound sample was determined based on the experimental results, including: The wear volume of the second tread compound sample was calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, Indicates the wear volume. and These represent the first mass of the second tread compound sample before and the second mass after the DIN abrasion test, respectively. This indicates the density of the second tread compound sample.

7. A device for determining parameters of tire tread compound, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire multiple sets of rubber property parameters corresponding to various tread rubber compounds, wherein the rubber property parameters include at least: hardness; The index determination module is used to input the rubber property parameters and preset simulation operation state parameters of each tread compound into a tire friction simulation model for friction simulation experiments. The tire friction simulation model includes a first tread compound sample and a roller in contact with the first tread compound sample. Based on the simulation results, the module determines the frictional energy generated by the contact between the first tread compound sample and the roller. A rolling wear experiment is then performed on a second tread compound sample corresponding to the first tread compound sample. The second tread compound sample has the same shape and size as the first tread compound sample, and the experimental operation state parameters of the rolling wear experiment are the same as the simulation operation state parameters. Based on the experimental results, the wear volume of the second tread compound sample is determined. Finally, the wear performance coefficient of the tread compound is determined based on the frictional energy, the wear volume, and the hardness. The calculation formula includes: In the formula, This represents the wear performance coefficient. This indicates the wear volume. This indicates the hardness. This represents the frictional energy; The parameter selection module is used to determine the rubber property parameter with the smallest abrasion performance coefficient from the multiple sets of rubber property parameters as the target rubber property parameter for the tire to be produced.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that, include: A computer program, wherein when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for determining parameters of tire tread compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute, via the computer program, the parameter determination method for tire tread compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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