Injection system and painting method for a high-current proton accelerator

Abstract

This invention discloses an injection system and coating method for a high-current proton accelerator, including a horizontal coating convex rail and a vertical coating convex rail. The horizontal coating convex rail includes four horizontal scanning magnets; it combines the functions of a horizontal fixed convex rail and a horizontal position coating convex rail, enabling simultaneous positional and angular coating of the beam in the horizontal direction. The vertical coating convex rail includes four vertical scanning magnets; these magnets are used for vertical positional coating. The vertical scanning magnets are located on both sides of the horizontal coating convex rail and are symmetrically arranged about its central axis. This invention solves the problem of excessively high peak temperatures of the main stripping membrane caused by traditional convex rail coating methods, significantly reducing the membrane peak temperature; it can accommodate both correlated and anticorrelated coating, allowing for free switching between coating methods; it simplifies the layout and structure of the injection region; and it solves the key difficulty of waste beam collection caused by angle scanning of the injection beam in traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of proton acceleration technology, and more particularly to an injection system and coating method for a high-current proton accelerator. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, high-current proton accelerators are widely used in scientific research, industrial applications, medical technology, energy development, and national defense, with particular importance in studying material properties using neutron beams generated by spallation neutron sources. Due to the high injected beam power and large particle number density, high-current proton accelerators exhibit significant space charge effects, leading to a shift in the operating point frequency and a substantial increase in emittance, resulting in significant beam loss and severe radiation dose.

[0003] To mitigate the impact of space charge effects, phase space smearing injection is commonly used, effectively reducing its influence on beam injection and beam accumulation. Phase space smearing methods are generally divided into correlated smearing and anti-correlated smearing, and their implementation methods include convex rail and sweeping. The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) Phase I accelerator uses a fixed convex rail phase space smearing injection method. However, this method has several serious problems: the peak temperature of the stripping film is too high; a single fixed smearing method may not accurately reflect the actual beam conditions of the future machine; and the edge focusing effect of the fixed convex rail magnet is significant, with a major negative impact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an injection system and coating method for a high-current proton accelerator. It proposes a novel design scheme for the synchrotron injection region, combining a horizontally fixed convex rail and a horizontally positioned scanning convex rail into a single convex rail. Simultaneous position and angle scanning in the horizontal direction enables beam coating, improving coating uniformity. It significantly reduces the peak temperature of the stripping film, solving the problem of excessively high peak temperatures caused by traditional convex rail coating methods. It can accommodate both correlated and anticorrelated coating, allowing for free switching between different coating methods. A small cutting pulse magnet is used for angle compensation, solving the key difficulty of collecting waste beams caused by angle scanning of the injected beam. It saves one set of convex rail magnets and a power supply, simplifying the injection region structure of the high-current proton accelerator.

[0005] This invention provides an injection system for a high-current proton accelerator, comprising:

[0006] A horizontal coating guide rail includes four scanning magnets; the horizontal scanning magnets are used to achieve positional and angular scanning coating of the beam in the horizontal direction; the horizontal coating guide rail includes a first horizontal scanning magnet, a second horizontal scanning magnet, a third horizontal scanning magnet, and a fourth horizontal scanning magnet arranged in sequence.

[0007] A vertical coating guide includes four vertical scanning magnets; the vertical magnets are used to achieve coating of the beam in the vertical direction.

[0008] The vertical scanning magnets are located on both sides of the horizontal smearing rail and are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the horizontal smearing rail; the vertical smearing rail located on the first horizontal scanning magnet away from the central axis includes a first vertical scanning magnet and a second vertical scanning magnet arranged in sequence; the vertical smearing rail located on the fourth horizontal scanning magnet away from the central axis includes a third vertical scanning magnet and a fourth vertical scanning magnet arranged in sequence.

[0009] Optionally, the injection system for the high-intensity proton accelerator may also include:

[0010] A main stripping membrane is located between the second horizontal scanning magnet and the third horizontal scanning magnet; the main stripping membrane is used to strip the injected beam into a circulating beam.

[0011] Optionally, the injection system for the high-intensity proton accelerator may also include:

[0012] The first DC cutting magnet is located on the side of the first DC cutting magnet that is away from the second horizontal scanning magnet; in a direction parallel to the plane of the second vertical scanning magnet, the first DC cutting magnet is located on the side of the second vertical scanning magnet that is close to the injection beam cutting in; the first DC cutting magnet is used to cut the injection beam into the small vacuum tube of the first horizontal scanning magnet yoke.

[0013] Optionally, the injection system for the high-intensity proton accelerator may also include:

[0014] The secondary stripping membrane is located between the third and fourth horizontal scanning magnets; the secondary stripping membrane is used to strip the uncharged particles remaining after the main stripping membrane is stripped into waste charged particles.

[0015] Optionally, the high-intensity proton accelerator injection system also includes:

[0016] The second DC cutting magnet is located between the third vertical scanning magnet and the fourth vertical scanning magnet; the second DC cutting magnet is used to guide the waste charged particles into the waste beam station.

[0017] Optionally, the injection system for the high-intensity proton accelerator may also include:

[0018] A horizontal cutting pulse magnet is located between the fourth horizontal scanning magnet and the third vertical scanning magnet; the horizontal cutting pulse magnet is used to compensate for the angular dispersion of the discarded charged particles.

[0019] Optionally, the injection system for the high-intensity proton accelerator may also include:

[0020] A horizontal cutting pulse power supply is electrically connected to the horizontal cutting pulse magnet; the horizontal cutting pulse power supply is used to provide a pulse electrical signal to the horizontal cutting pulse magnet, and the horizontal cutting pulse magnet provides a changing magnetic field under the action of the horizontal cutting pulse electrical signal.

[0021] Optionally, the injection system of the high-intensity proton accelerator also includes: six pulse power supplies;

[0022] The pulse power supply includes four horizontal pulse power supplies and two vertical pulse power supplies; the four horizontal pulse power supplies are electrically connected to the four horizontal scanning magnets respectively; the four horizontal pulse power supplies are used to provide horizontal pulse electrical signals to the four horizontal scanning magnets, and the four horizontal scanning magnets provide changing magnetic fields under the action of the horizontal pulse electrical signals;

[0023] One of the vertical pulse power supplies is electrically connected to two of the vertical scanning magnets; the two vertical pulse power supplies are used to provide vertical pulse electrical signals to the four vertical scanning magnets, and the four vertical scanning magnets provide a changing magnetic field under the action of the vertical pulse electrical signals.

[0024] Optionally, the pulse electrical signals provided by each of the pulse power supplies are different.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for applying a high-current proton accelerator, performed using the injection system of the high-current proton accelerator described in the first aspect, wherein the method for applying the high-current proton accelerator includes:

[0026] When the high-current proton accelerator is in the associated smearing mode, the four horizontal pulse electrical signals received by the four horizontal scanning magnets are the first mode M1;

[0027] When the high-current proton accelerator is in the anticorrelation smearing mode, the four horizontal pulse electrical signals received by the four horizontal scanning magnets are the second mode M2;

[0028] The first mode M1 and the second mode M2 ​​are different.

[0029] The technical solution provided by this invention, by setting horizontal and vertical coating convex rails, allows the beam entering the injection system of a high-current proton accelerator to be coated in both horizontal and vertical directions, improving the coating uniformity of the beam. The horizontal coating convex rail includes four horizontal scanning magnets, combining the functions of fixed and positional scanning rails. It can perform both horizontal angle scanning coating and horizontal positional coating on the beam. Using a single set of horizontal coating convex rails can achieve both horizontal angle scanning coating and positional scanning coating, significantly increasing the contact area between the beam and the stripping membrane, thereby significantly reducing the peak temperature of the stripping membrane. It can simultaneously handle both correlated and anticorrelated coating, allowing for free switching between different coating methods. This reduces the number of convex rail magnets required in the high-current proton accelerator injection system, increasing the injection area space of the high-current proton accelerator injection system, which is beneficial for optimizing the injection area layout of the high-current proton accelerator and simplifying the structure of the high-current proton accelerator injection system. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the injection system of a high-current proton accelerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the change in the position of the RCS receptivity ellipse during a related application process, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the change in the position of the RCS receiver ellipse during an anticorrelation application process, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the injection system of another high-current proton accelerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the injection system of another high-current proton accelerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of beam application provided for an embodiment of the invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of beam anticorrelation smearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the peak temperature variation of the main stripping membrane provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the beam emissivity growth curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the injection system of a high-current proton accelerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the injection system of this high-current proton accelerator includes a horizontal smearing rail 1 and a vertical smearing rail 2. The horizontal smearing rail 1 includes four horizontal scanning magnets BCH, which are used to achieve horizontal position and angle scanning smearing of the beam. The horizontal smearing rail 1 includes a first horizontal scanning magnet BCH1, a second horizontal scanning magnet BCH2, a third horizontal scanning magnet BCH3, and a fourth horizontal scanning magnet BCH4 arranged sequentially. The vertical smearing rail 2 includes four vertical scanning magnets BV; it is used to achieve vertical smearing of the beam.

[0041] The vertical scanning magnet BV is located on both sides of the horizontal smearing rail 1 and is symmetrically arranged about the central axis OO' of the horizontal smearing rail 1.

[0042] Specifically, the vertical application guide rail 2 can scan the position of the circulating beam in the vertical direction to achieve application of the circulating beam in the vertical direction. The horizontal scanning magnet BCH combines the functions of the fixed guide rail BC and the position scanning guide rail BH. The horizontal scanning magnet BCH can scan the horizontal angle of the injected beam, and the horizontal track of the injected beam will also have a small position scan. That is, both the horizontal angle and the horizontal position of the injected beam will change, which can realize angle scanning application and position scanning application of the beam in the horizontal direction. By setting the horizontal application guide rail 1 and the vertical application guide rail 2, the horizontal and vertical positions of the circulating beam can be scanned, that is, both the horizontal and vertical positions of the circulating beam will change, so as to achieve uniform application in the horizontal and vertical directions. Compared to the original fixed convex rail BC and position scanning convex rail BH, the horizontal scanning magnet BCH in this scheme combines the advantages of both, significantly increasing the contact area between the beam and the stripping film, thereby greatly reducing the peak temperature of the stripping film. It can simultaneously handle both correlated and anticorrelated coating, allowing for free switching between different coating methods. This reduces the number of convex rail magnets required in the high-current proton accelerator injection system, simplifying the structure of the hadron-proton accelerator injection system. Furthermore, compared to the fixed convex rail scheme, the horizontal coating convex rail significantly reduces the working time and substantially decreases the edge focusing effect of the convex rail magnet.

[0043] The technical solution provided by this invention, by setting horizontal and vertical coating convex rails, allows the beam entering the injection system of a high-current proton accelerator to be coated in both horizontal and vertical directions, improving the coating uniformity of the beam. The horizontal coating convex rail includes four horizontal scanning magnets, combining the functions of fixed and positional scanning rails. It can perform horizontal angle scanning coating and horizontal positional coating of the beam. Using one set of horizontal coating convex rails can achieve both horizontal angle scanning coating and positional scanning coating, significantly increasing the contact area between the injected beam and the stripping membrane, thereby significantly reducing the peak temperature of the stripping membrane. It can simultaneously handle correlated and anticorrelated coating, allowing for free switching between different coating methods. It reduces the number of convex rail magnets required in the high-current proton accelerator, making the injection system space more spacious, which is beneficial for optimizing the injection area layout of the high-current proton accelerator, simplifying the structure of the high-current proton accelerator, and making it easier to achieve lightweight design.

[0044] Optional, see reference Figure 1 The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator also includes a main stripping membrane Str-1, which is located between the second horizontal scanning magnet BCH2 and the third horizontal scanning magnet BCH3; the main stripping membrane Str-1 is used to strip the injected beam into a circulating beam.

[0045] The particle types of the injected and circulating beams can be set according to actual needs. In an exemplary embodiment, the injected beam consists of negative hydrogen particles, and the circulating beam consists of protons. The main stripping membrane Str-1 can separate the H particles from the injected beam. - The protons are stripped off and then injected into a ring accelerator. The injected beam passes through the main stripping membrane Str-1, where the H atoms in the injected beam... - It will react with carbon ions on the main stripping membrane Str-1 in multiple ways, and will be stripped of two electrons to become a proton.

[0046] Specifically, the interaction between particles in the injected beam and carbon ions in the main stripping membrane Str-1 causes the temperature of Str-1 to rise. Simultaneously, during injection, the circulating beam repeatedly traverses the main stripping membrane and interacts with carbon ions, further increasing its temperature. Since the horizontal coating convex rail 1 can accommodate horizontal angle scanning, it significantly increases the contact area between the beam and the stripping membrane. Furthermore, the horizontal and vertical coating convex rails 1 and 2 increase the uniformity of beam coating, significantly reducing the average number of times the beam traverses the main stripping membrane Str-1. This, in turn, greatly reduces the peak temperature of the main stripping membrane Str-1 during operation, extends its lifespan, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the high-current proton accelerator.

[0047] It should be noted that the existing horizontal coating method using the original coating guide rails results in excessively high peak temperatures for the main stripping membrane Str-1, causing it to melt and generate numerous pores. For the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) Phase I project, the current peak temperature of the stripping membrane is approximately 1600K, with a lifespan of about 3-4 weeks, not exceeding one month. After this period, it becomes unusable and requires replacement with a new main stripping membrane Str-1, which takes approximately two weeks, severely impacting the stable operation of the high-current proton accelerator. For the CSNS Phase II project, the injected beam energy is increased by nearly 4 times, the beam current intensity by 5 times, and the beam power by 20 times. Simulation results show a peak temperature of nearly 3000K, exceeding the melting point of the stripping membrane material, rendering it unusable. This solution uses a horizontal coating guide rail, which combines the advantages of fixed guide rails and position scanning guide rails. It can accommodate both correlated and anticorrelated coating, and freely switch between different coating methods. At the same time, it can increase the contact area between the beam and the release membrane, significantly reduce the peak temperature of the main release membrane Str-1, reduce the risk of damage to the main release membrane Str-1, and extend the service life of the main release membrane Str-1.

[0048] For both related and anti-related application, the application or corner sweeping is performed using a pulsed current descent curve in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change in the position of the RCS receptivity ellipse during a related application process, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change in the position of the RCS receiver ellipse during an anticorrelation application process, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, for correlated smearing, the smearing direction is from the center to the edge in both the horizontal and vertical directions. For anticorrelated smearing, the smearing direction is from the edge to the center in the horizontal direction, and from the center to the edge in the vertical direction.

[0049] Optional, see reference Figure 1 The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator also includes a first DC cutting magnet SEP1, which is located on the side of the first horizontal scanning magnet BCH1 away from the second horizontal scanning magnet BCH2. In a direction parallel to the plane of the second vertical scanning magnet BV2, the first DC cutting magnet SEP1 is located on the side of the second vertical scanning magnet BV2 closer to the injection beam cutting in. The first DC cutting magnet SEP1 is used to cut the injection beam into the small vacuum tube of the yoke of the first horizontal scanning magnet BCH1.

[0050] Specifically, the first DC cutting magnet SEP1 can generate an electromagnetic field under the action of an electrical signal. When the injection beam passes through the electromagnetic field in the first DC cutting magnet SEP1, it will undergo angle and position changes under the action of the magnetic field, so that the adjusted injection beam can smoothly enter the small vacuum tube of the first horizontal scanning magnet BCH1 yoke, improve the reliability of the injection beam, and reduce the beam loss of the injection beam.

[0051] It should be noted that in existing beam angle scanning, different particles have different angles, and the particles scatter as they move forward. To reduce beam loss, the aperture of the device on the injection beam transport line usually needs to be set very large. However, this invention places the scanning magnet BCH2 of the injection beam very close to the injection point, that is, at the junction of the injection beam transport line and the loop. The aperture of the device on the transport line does not need to be very large, and it will not cause significant injection beam loss. Therefore, this solution also solves the problem of requiring a large aperture for the injection port of the transport line in angle scanning.

[0052] Optional, see reference Figure 1 The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator also includes a secondary stripping membrane Str-2, which is located between the third horizontal scanning magnet BCH3 and the fourth horizontal scanning magnet BCH4. The secondary stripping membrane Str-2 is used to strip the uncharged particles remaining after the main stripping membrane is stripped into waste charged particles.

[0053] Among them, the uncharged particle H 0 Particles, etc., including protons and other waste charged particles, can be set according to actual needs, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0054] Specifically, after the injected beam passes through the main stripping membrane Str-1, most of the injected beam's negative hydrogen ions are stripped of two electrons to become protons (circulating beam). However, in practical applications, some injected beams may fail to convert into circulating beams, and these uncharged particles become uncharged after passing through the main stripping membrane Str-1. By setting a secondary stripping membrane Str-2 between the third-level scanning magnet BCH3 and the fourth-level scanning magnet BCH4, the uncharged particles are completely stripped into waste charged particles. Subsequently, the waste charged particles are collected in the waste beam station by the fourth-level scanning magnet BCH4 and other magnets on the waste beam line.

[0055] Optional, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the injection system for another high-current proton accelerator provided in this embodiment of the invention is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the injection system of the high-current proton accelerator also includes a horizontally cut pulse magnet LRBD and a horizontally cut pulse power supply 50. The horizontally cut pulse magnet LRBD is located between the fourth horizontal scanning magnet BCH3 and the third vertical scanning magnet BCH4.

[0056] The horizontally cut pulsed magnet (LRBD) is used to compensate for the angular dispersion of waste charged particles, facilitating their subsequent centralized collection at the waste beam station. Angular dispersion refers to the size of the angular spread of all waste charged particles.

[0057] Specifically, the horizontal cutting pulse power supply 50 is electrically connected to the horizontal cutting pulse magnet LRBD, so that the horizontal cutting pulse electrical signal provided by the horizontal cutting pulse power supply 50 can be transmitted to the horizontal cutting pulse magnet LRBD. Under the action of the horizontal cutting pulse electrical signal, the horizontal cutting pulse magnet provides a changing magnetic field. Under the action of the changing magnet, the angular dispersion of the waste charged particles is reduced to 0, preventing the waste charged particles from spreading in different directions due to different angular dispersion, thereby improving the accuracy and recyclability of waste charged particle collection.

[0058] Optional, see reference Figure 1 The vertical smearing guide located on the first horizontal scanning magnet BCH1, away from the central axis, includes a first vertical scanning magnet BV1 and a second vertical scanning magnet BV2 arranged sequentially; the vertical smearing guide located on the fourth horizontal scanning magnet BCH4, away from the central axis, includes a third vertical scanning magnet BV3 and a fourth vertical scanning magnet BV4 arranged sequentially. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator also includes a second DC-type cutting magnet SEP2, located between the third vertical scanning magnet BV3 and the fourth vertical scanning magnet BV4; the second DC-type cutting magnet SEP2 is used to guide waste charged particles into the waste beam station.

[0059] Specifically, after the secondary stripping membrane Str-2 strips uncharged particles into waste charged particles, these waste charged particles sequentially pass through the fourth horizontal scanning magnet BCH4 and other magnets on the waste beam line. Due to the angular scanning of the injected beam, the waste charged particles extracted from the injection region exhibit an angular distribution over time. Therefore, by setting a horizontal cutting pulse magnet LRBD after the fourth horizontal scanning magnet BCH4 to compensate for the angle, and then using the second DC cutting magnet SEP2 to guide the waste charged particles into the waste beam station, beam loss during transmission can be significantly reduced, the number of waste charged particles remaining inside the high-current proton accelerator and the resulting radiation dose can be decreased, and the personal safety of subsequent maintenance or repair personnel can be improved.

[0060] Optional, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the injection system of another high-current proton accelerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5As shown, the high-current proton accelerator injection system also includes six pulse power supplies, comprising four horizontal pulse power supplies 30 and two vertical pulse power supplies 40. The four horizontal pulse power supplies 30 are electrically connected to the four horizontal scanning magnets (BCHs), respectively. The four horizontal pulse power supplies 30 provide horizontal pulse electrical signals to the four horizontal scanning magnets (BCHs), which in turn provide varying magnetic fields under the influence of these horizontal pulse electrical signals.

[0061] Specifically, by setting four horizontal pulse power supplies 30, and each horizontal pulse power supply 30 provides a different pulse electrical signal, each horizontal scanning magnet BCH can generate different changing magnetic fields under the action of the pulse electrical signal, thereby generating four different deflection angles, further improving the uniformity of beam coating in the horizontal direction.

[0062] It should be noted that the magnetic field generated by the BCH of each horizontal scanning magnet is different under the action of different pulse electrical signals provided by different pulse power supplies. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of beam application provided for an embodiment of the invention, with reference to... Figure 6 When injection starts, the injection bundle and the circulation bundle are on the same line. At this time, the smearing is done from the center to the edge in the horizontal direction and from the center to the edge in the vertical direction, so it is a related smearing. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of beam inverse correlation smearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 7 At the start of injection, the purple line represents the injection beam. The injection beam and the circulation beam are not on the same line. At this time, the beam is applied horizontally from the edge to the center, and vertically from the center to the edge, hence it is an anticorrelated application. Furthermore, as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the horizontally coated BCH can be adjusted to an irregular shape under different pulse electrical signals, which can avoid interference between the waste beam extraction tube and the circulating beam vacuum box, and can control the waste beam to move outward, greatly reducing the injected beam loss.

[0063] Continue to refer to Figure 5 A vertical pulse power supply 40 is electrically connected to two vertical scanning magnets BV. Alternatively, the first vertical scanning magnet BV1 and the fourth vertical scanning magnet BV4 can be electrically connected to one vertical pulse power supply 40, while the second vertical scanning magnet BV2 and the third vertical scanning magnet BV3 can be electrically connected to another vertical pulse power supply 40.

[0064] Each vertical pulse power supply 40 is used to provide a changing vertical pulse electrical signal, which includes a pulse voltage signal or a pulse current signal. The selection can be made according to actual needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0065] Specifically, the pulse signals provided by each vertical pulse power supply 40 are different, which causes each vertical scanning magnet BV to generate different changing magnetic fields under the action of the pulse signals, thereby producing different positional offsets and further improving the uniformity of beam coating in the vertical direction.

[0066] Optional, see reference Figure 1 When the high-current proton accelerator is in the correlated smearing mode, the four horizontal pulse electrical signals received by the four horizontal scanning magnets BCH1-4 are the first mode 1; when the high-current proton accelerator beam injection is in the anti-correlation smearing mode, the four horizontal pulse electrical signals received by the four horizontal scanning magnets BCH1-4 are the second mode M2.

[0067] The first mode M1 and the second mode M2 ​​are different.

[0068] Specifically, the coating method of the high-current proton accelerator can be adjusted by adjusting the pulse electrical signals of the four horizontal scanning magnets BCH1-4, and simultaneously adjusting the deflection angle of the first DC cutting magnet SEP1 or other parameters. This allows for switching between correlated and anticorrelated coating modes, enabling free switching between different coating methods and improving the flexibility of beam injection in the high-current proton accelerator.

[0069] It should be noted that the reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 or Figure 5 The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator also includes four DC convex rail magnets, INBA1-4, distributed in the LRBT section of the injection system. These magnets provide vertically fixed convex rail volume during the injection phase, enabling correlated and anticorrelated smearing using the falling edge of the pulsed power supply. When the main stripping membrane Str-1 has relatively small βx and βy values, it is beneficial to reduce the injection beam size, reduce injection beam vacuum box control, and optimize phase space smearing. The injection system design, completed within a free straight section, minimizes the impact of the injection system on the magnetic focusing structure of the RCS, while also reducing the influence of Lattice parameter variations on smearing injection. The majority of the injection beam that fails to be stripped into protons at the main stripping membrane Str-1 consists of H... 0 There is also a very low proportion of H － H 0 After passing through the secondary stripping membrane Str-2, the beam is almost entirely stripped into protons and transported to the waste beam station. H － The beam will be absorbed by the copper collimator block Col near the secondary stripping membrane Str-2. Electrons generated by the injected beam passing through the main stripping membrane will be deflected by the combined leakage field of the second and third horizontal scanning magnets, and then collected by a dedicated electron collector.

[0070] The proposed scheme was simulated using Py-ORBIT and ANSYS, with a focus on the influence of space charge effects. To address future adjustments and improvements to the RCS machine mode, three typical operating point modes were investigated: the nominal operating point of CSNS (4.86, 4.80), the current actual operating point of CSNS (4.80, 4.87), and the operating point that can significantly reduce beam instability (4.33, 5.30). The simulation results are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073] Compared to the traditional positional coating convex rail scheme, although the beam angle scanning in this scheme increases the average number of times particles pass through the stripping film, the area of ​​the injected beam passing through the stripping film is greatly increased. After the two factors are combined, the peak temperature of the main stripping film Str-1 is greatly reduced. Figure 8 The diagram shows the peak temperature change of the main release membrane provided in this embodiment of the invention. The left diagram shows the horizontal position scanning of the beam using a conventional position-applying convex rail, while the right diagram shows the angle and position applicator of the beam in this solution. It can be seen from the diagram that the peak temperature of the main release membrane Str-1 is significantly reduced. Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the beam emittance growth curve provided in this embodiment of the invention. The left image shows the traditional fixed convex rail scheme, while the right image shows the beam position smearing performed by this scheme. It can be seen from the images that the edge focusing effect of the injected convex rail magnet is significantly reduced. Furthermore, according to simulation results, the high-current proton accelerator provided by this invention can achieve both correlated and anticorrelated smearing. The high-current proton accelerator can switch smearing methods according to the actual beam state after construction, avoiding numerous malfunctions caused by choosing an inappropriate smearing method during the initial design.

[0074] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An injection system for a high-current proton accelerator, characterized in that, include: The horizontal coating guide includes four horizontal scanning magnets; the horizontal scanning magnets are used to provide a changing magnetic field to achieve positional and angular scanning coating of the beam in the horizontal direction; the horizontal coating guide includes a first horizontal scanning magnet, a second horizontal scanning magnet, a third horizontal scanning magnet, and a fourth horizontal scanning magnet arranged in sequence. A vertical coating guide includes four vertical scanning magnets; the vertical scanning magnets are used to achieve coating of the beam in the vertical direction. The vertical scanning magnets are located on both sides of the horizontal smearing rail and are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the horizontal smearing rail; the vertical smearing rail located on the first horizontal scanning magnet away from the central axis includes a first vertical scanning magnet and a second vertical scanning magnet arranged in sequence; the vertical smearing rail located on the fourth horizontal scanning magnet away from the central axis includes a third vertical scanning magnet and a fourth vertical scanning magnet arranged in sequence.

2. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The main stripping film is located between the second horizontal scanning magnet and the third horizontal scanning magnet; The main stripping membrane is used to strip the injected beam into a circulating beam.

3. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first DC-type cutting magnet is located on the side of the first horizontal scanning magnet that is away from the second horizontal scanning magnet; In a direction parallel to the plane of the second vertical scanning magnet, the first DC cutting magnet is located on the side of the second vertical scanning magnet closer to the injection beam cutting in; the first DC cutting magnet is used to cut the injection beam into the small vacuum tube of the first horizontal scanning magnet yoke.

4. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The secondary stripping film is located between the third horizontal scanning magnet and the fourth horizontal scanning magnet; The secondary stripping membrane is used to strip away the uncharged particles remaining after the primary stripping membrane is stripped, turning them into waste charged particles.

5. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The second DC-type cutting magnet is located between the third vertical scanning magnet and the fourth vertical scanning magnet; The second DC-type cutting magnet is used to guide the waste charged particles into the waste beam station.

6. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A horizontally cutting pulse magnet is located between the fourth horizontal scanning magnet and the third vertical scanning magnet; The horizontal cutting pulse magnet is used to compensate for the angular dispersion of the waste charged particles.

7. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A horizontal cutting pulse power supply is electrically connected to the horizontal cutting pulse magnet. The horizontal cutting pulse power supply is used to provide a horizontal cutting pulse electrical signal to the horizontal cutting pulse magnet, and the horizontal cutting pulse magnet provides a changing magnetic field under the action of the horizontal cutting pulse electrical signal.

8. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Six-pulse power supply; The pulse power supply includes four horizontal pulse power supplies and two vertical pulse power supplies; The four horizontal pulse power supplies are respectively electrically connected to the four horizontal scanning magnets; The four horizontal pulse power supplies are used to provide horizontal pulse electrical signals to the four horizontal scanning magnets, and the horizontal scanning magnets provide a changing magnetic field under the action of the horizontal pulse electrical signals. One of the vertical pulse power supplies is electrically connected to the two vertical scanning magnets; The two vertical pulse power supplies are used to provide vertical pulse electrical signals to the four vertical scanning magnets, and the four vertical scanning magnets provide a changing magnetic field under the action of the vertical pulse electrical signals.

9. The injection system of the high-current proton accelerator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pulse electrical signals provided by each of the aforementioned pulse power supplies are different.

10. A method for applying a high-current proton accelerator, performed using the injection system of the high-current proton accelerator as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The coating method for the high-current proton accelerator includes: When the high-current proton accelerator is in the associated smearing mode, the four horizontal pulse electrical signals received by the four horizontal scanning magnets are the first mode M1; When the high-current proton accelerator is in the anticorrelation smearing mode, the four horizontal pulse electrical signals received by the four horizontal scanning magnets are the second mode M2; The first mode M1 and the second mode M2 ​​are different.

Images