Artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue and its preparation method and application, belong to ecological improvement technical field, including coal gangue crushing and composite microbial inoculant, the composite microbial inoculant includes microorganism activation inoculant and microorganism passivation inoculant.The present application can quickly decompose coal gangue by microorganism activation inoculant, fully activates and resolves useful mineral elements in coal gangue, plays the role of reviving coal gangue nutrient bank, makes the useful trace elements contained in coal gangue effectively released, and easily absorbed by plant growth;Meanwhile, harmful heavy metal elements in coal gangue are passivated by patent microorganism passivation inoculant, then the water retention and air permeability of soil are ensured by controlling the particle size ratio of coal gangue decomposition, which can be used for ecological restoration, desertification control, farming and animal husbandry planting, flower nursery planting and urban greening, achieves the effect of improving soil and promoting plant growth, and has wide application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization technology, specifically an artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is an ancient soil containing coal-forming plants that was mixed in during the coal-forming process. It is a secondary mineral formed under high temperature and pressure during the long coal-forming period. As a by-product of coal, coal gangue accounts for 10%-20% of coal production and is one of my country's largest industrial solid wastes. my country has accumulated approximately 5 billion tons of coal gangue, with about 500 million tons newly generated annually. Most of it accumulates naturally near coal mine industrial sites, occupying large amounts of land and polluting the surrounding environment. Furthermore, coal gangue contains residual combustible materials that can spontaneously combust under certain conditions, releasing toxic and harmful gases and wasting resources to some extent. The rational disposal of coal gangue has become a major resource and environmental issue that must be addressed for my country's sustainable economic development.

[0003] Coal gangue contains a certain proportion of organic matter, a variety of heavy metals and trace elements, as well as elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium required for plant growth. Furthermore, crushed coal gangue has a diverse particle size distribution, relatively large porosity, and a certain degree of water retention, resulting in a high effective water utilization rate. These characteristics make its utilization as a soil resource possible. However, the organic matter in coal gangue is predominantly carbon (C), with a high degree of solidification, making it difficult to decompose into humic acid-based organic matter that plants can absorb under natural conditions. Moreover, the inorganic nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, silicon, and calcium within it are highly bound to the rock and soil minerals, making it difficult to dissolve and release for plant absorption and utilization, thus increasing the difficulty of the ecological application of coal gangue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problem that the high degree of solidification of organic and inorganic nutrients in coal gangue makes it difficult to release them for plant absorption and utilization, thus increasing the technical difficulty of ecological application of coal gangue. It provides an artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue, its preparation method, and its application. This method effectively releases the useful trace elements contained in coal gangue, making them easily absorbed by plant growth. Simultaneously, it passivates harmful heavy metal elements in coal gangue, preventing their absorption by plants, thereby enabling the recycling of coal gangue. The artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue was mixed with and improved with original soil, and planting experiments were conducted, achieving the effects of soil improvement and promoting plant growth.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue, comprising crushed coal gangue and a composite microbial agent. The composite microbial agent includes a microbial activating agent and a microbial inactivating agent. The particle size distribution of the crushed coal gangue is as follows: less than 1 mm accounts for 40%, 1-2 mm accounts for 30%, 2-4 mm accounts for 20%, and 4-6 mm accounts for 10%. The effective viable bacteria concentration of the composite microbial agent is ≥40 billion CFU / mL. The operating temperature is 14-35℃, and the adhesion time of the composite microbial agent is ≥36 h.

[0006] Coal gangue contains more than 30 elements, including all the nutrients needed for plant growth. These nutrients mainly exist in a fixed state, which plants cannot directly absorb and utilize. By adding microbial activating agents, coal gangue can be rapidly decomposed, fully activating and decomposing the useful mineral elements within it. This converts the fixed nutrients into a free state that plants can directly absorb and utilize, thus revitalizing the nutrient reservoir within the coal gangue.

[0007] Coal gangue may also contain a variety of heavy metals. Excessive heavy metals can pollute the soil environment. By adding microbial inactivating agents, free heavy metals can be converted into fixed states, preventing them from being absorbed by plants and entering the food chain, thus purifying the coal gangue.

[0008] Coal gangue raw materials are processed into the particle size composition required for the preparation of artificial soil through crushing, sorting, and proportioning. The particle size directly affects the speed and effect of coal gangue decomposition, activation, and passivation. The proportion of particle size composition determines the amount of microbial agents to be applied. At the same time, by using coal gangue with different particle sizes in proportion, a good soil physical structure can be obtained, which can make artificial soil perform well in preventing wind dust, maintaining morphological stability, and improving water retention and aeration.

[0009] Preferably, the microbial activating agent is composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and yeast, each with an effective viable bacterial concentration ≥ 4 × 10⁷ CFU / mL, in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are preferably rhizobia or Azotobacter chrysophagus, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are preferably Bacillus megaterium, and the potassium-solubilizing bacteria are preferably Bacillus mucilaginosus.

[0010] Adding microbial activators to coal gangue-based artificial ecological soil can play many important roles, such as activating soil nutrients, improving soil structure, and promoting plant growth. For example, because coal gangue itself has a low nitrogen content, adding nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammoniacal or nitrate nitrogen that plants can absorb and utilize, increasing the nitrogen content in the soil, which is especially important for nitrogen supply in the early stages of plant growth. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria can be either free-living or heterotrophic, with rhizobia being the preferred free-living bacteria and Azotobacter chrysophagus being the preferred heterotrophic bacteria. Phosphate-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing bacteria can decompose insoluble phosphorus and potassium minerals in coal gangue, converting them from their ore state into ionic states that plants can absorb, thus improving the availability of phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Bacillus megaterium is the preferred phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and Bacillus mucilaginosus is the preferred potassium-solubilizing bacteria. Photosynthetic bacteria utilize light energy for photosynthesis, converting carbon dioxide and water into organic matter while producing oxygen, improving soil aeration around coal gangue, which is beneficial for the growth and activity of other microorganisms, collectively promoting the activation of the coal gangue. Nitrifying bacteria are a type of chemoautotrophic bacteria, mainly including nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and nitrate-oxidizing bacteria. Nitrifying bacteria can oxidize ammonium nitrogen (such as ammonia produced from fertilizers or microbial nitrogen fixation) into nitrite, and then nitrifying bacteria further oxidize nitrite into nitrate. This transformation allows nitrogen in the soil to exist in the form of nitrate nitrogen, which is more easily absorbed and utilized by plants. Nitrifying bacteria can also regulate soil pH and improve soil ecological structure, thereby promoting the prosperity of the entire soil microbial community. In coal gangue ecological soil, when the soil is flooded or in a locally hypoxic environment, denitrifying bacteria will play a role in gradually reducing nitrate to nitrogen gas. This is very important for maintaining the nitrogen balance in the soil ecosystem, avoiding excessive accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil, and thus mitigating soil salinization caused by excessive nitrate nitrogen accumulation to a certain extent. The nitrogen gas produced during the denitrification process can also regulate soil aeration and permeability. Some metabolites produced by yeast during fermentation, such as amino acids and vitamins, can provide nutrients for plants, and their own growth and metabolic activities also help activate coal gangue.

[0011] Preferably, the microbial inactivating agent is composed of desulfurized Vibrio, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma, and white-rot fungi with an effective viable bacterial concentration ≥4×107 CFU / mL, mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0012] Microbial passivating agents are special preparations that can reduce the activity and migration of harmful substances in coal gangue ecological soil through their own metabolic activities. They mainly utilize the biotransformation and adsorption functions of microorganisms to fix and transform heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in coal gangue, thereby reducing harm to the surrounding ecological environment and creating a safe environment for plant growth on the ecological soil. Desulfurizing Vibrio bacteria primarily reduce sulfates to produce sulfides, which then form sulfide precipitates with heavy metals. They have a significant passivation effect on common heavy metals in coal gangue, such as zinc and cadmium, effectively reducing their migration ability in the soil. Aspergillus niger secretes various organic acids and enzymes; the citric acid and oxalic acid produced can complex with heavy metals, reducing their activity. Simultaneously, Aspergillus niger also has a certain degradation ability for some organic pollutants, gradually converting complex organic pollutants into simpler substances through its own metabolism, thus mitigating soil pollution. Trichoderma has biocontrol functions, which can inhibit the growth of pathogens in the soil and participate in the transformation of substances in coal gangue ecological soil. During its growth, Trichoderma can secrete polysaccharides, which can bind with heavy metal ions and play a passivation role. In addition, Trichoderma also has a certain degradation potential for organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil, which helps to improve the soil environmental quality. The powerful lignin-degrading enzyme system of white rot fungi can oxidize and decompose complex organic pollutants, and can effectively treat petroleum pollutants, pesticide residues and other organic pollutants adsorbed by coal gangue during the accumulation process.

[0013] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention also provides a method for preparing artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue, comprising the following steps: Crushing: Large pieces of coal gangue are crushed using a crushing device to achieve the particle size required for artificial ecological soil, thereby obtaining crushed coal gangue. Sorting and Proportioning: The crushed coal gangue is sorted and proportioned by a sorting and grading device to obtain the basic materials required for the preparation of artificial ecological soil; the particle size proportion is as follows: 40% of particles smaller than 1 mm, 30% of particles between 1 and 2 mm, 20% of particles between 2 and 4 mm, and 10% of particles between 4 and 6 mm. Add compound microbial agents: Add compound microbial agents to the base material at an effective live bacteria concentration of ≥40 billion CFU / mL; Curing: After adding the compound microbial agent, the substrate should be piled and cured at 14-35℃ for more than 36 hours to ensure that the microorganisms fully adhere to the base material and begin to work.

[0014] The application method of the artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue of the present invention is to mix it with the top layer of original soil at a volume ratio of 1:1 and a depth of 10-15cm to form planting soil, and then plant crops; or to cover it on the top layer of original soil with a covering thickness of 20-30cm and then plant crops directly.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) Consistent with the basic components of natural soil: The artificial ecological soil of this invention is composed of various granular minerals, organic matter, water, air, microorganisms, etc., which can grow plants. The soil density and soil structure are consistent with natural soil. It can be perfectly integrated with natural surface substrates (including underground deep soil, sandy land, saline-alkali land, desert, etc.), quickly realize organic matter cycle and microbial cycle, and is convenient to use.

[0016] 2) Nutrient content is several times that of natural soil: The artificial ecological soil of this invention makes full use of the beneficial components (humic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) in coal gangue. After activation treatment, the trace elements that can promote plant growth and the basic elements required by plants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contained therein are several times higher than those in ordinary soil.

[0017] 3) Better quality and wider applicability: The artificial ecological soil of this invention meets the national first-class soil standard, is free from pests and weeds, and the grain crops, vegetables, and forage grasses planted with it all meet the green and pollution-free standards. It can be widely used for ecological restoration of nature reserves and high-quality agricultural and pastoral construction, effectively avoiding the problem of alien species invasion faced by traditional imported soil restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a technical schematic diagram of the artificial ecological soil of this invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the artificial ecological soil of this invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the effect of vegetation planting in the first year of application example two; Figure 4 This is a picture showing the effect of sunflower planting in application example three; Figure 5 This is an example of greenhouse vegetable cultivation in application example four; Figure 6 This is a comparison chart showing the effects of field planting of buckwheat in Application Example 5. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] An artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue comprises crushed coal gangue and a composite microbial agent. The composite microbial agent includes a microbial activating agent and a microbial inactivating agent. The particle size distribution of the crushed coal gangue is as follows: less than 1 mm 40%, 1-2 mm 30%, 2-4 mm 20%, and 4-6 mm 10%. The effective viable bacteria concentration of the composite microbial agent is ≥40 billion CFU / mL. The operating temperature is 14-35℃, and the adhesion time of the composite microbial agent is ≥36 hours. h, wherein the microbial activating agent is composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and yeast with an effective viable bacterial concentration ≥4×107 CFU / mL in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1; the microbial inactivating agent is composed of desulfurizing Vibrio, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma and white-rot fungi with an effective viable bacterial concentration ≥4×107 CFU / mL in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1.

[0021] Table 1. Detection results of heavy metal components in artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue. The heavy metal content of the artificial ecological soil of the present invention is shown in Table 1. The heavy metal content is lower than the national standard for heavy metal content in soil, which proves that the microbial passivating agent can passivate the harmful heavy metal elements in coal gangue. The artificial ecological soil of the present invention can be used to grow crops.

[0022] Its preparation method is as follows Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) Crushing: Large pieces of coal gangue are crushed by crushing device to achieve the particle size required for the preparation of artificial soil, forming the basic raw material for the preparation of artificial soil. The crushing process can quickly bring the coal gangue raw material to the physical form required for artificial soil. (2) Sorting and proportioning: The particle size composition of artificial soil with different functions is also different. The crushed coal gangue is sorted and proportioned by a sorting and grading device to obtain the basic materials required for the preparation of artificial soil. Raw materials with different particle sizes have different physical properties. For example, less than 1mm can achieve good water retention and water content, and at the same time have a large external contact area, which is conducive to the adhesion of subsequent microbial agents; 1~4mm can achieve good water permeability and air permeability; 4~8mm can ensure sufficient external contact area while ensuring appropriate looseness of artificial soil; 8~12mm can achieve good settling effect, and the irregular shape can achieve surface stability and dust prevention effect through interaction. (3) Adding compound microbial agents: According to the physicochemical properties of coal gangue and the technical requirements of different types of artificial soil products, the compound microbial agents are uniformly added to the coal gangue raw materials that meet the particle size design requirements of artificial soil through the agent adding device. The effective live bacteria concentration of the compound microbial agents is ≥40 billion CFU / mL. (4) Curing: After the compound microbial compound agent is added, it needs to be piled up and cured for at least 36 hours in an environment with an ambient temperature of 14-35℃ to ensure that the microorganisms are fully attached to the coal gangue raw material.

[0023] This invention utilizes microbial activating agents to rapidly decompose coal gangue, fully activating and decomposing the useful mineral elements within it. This effectively revitalizes the nutrient reservoir within the coal gangue, allowing for the efficient release of beneficial trace elements that are easily absorbed by plant growth. Simultaneously, a patented microbial passivating agent passivates harmful heavy metals in the coal gangue, and by controlling the particle size distribution of the decomposed coal gangue, the invention ensures the soil's water retention and aeration. Figure 1 As shown.

[0024] Application Example 1: Artificial Ecological Soil Based on Coal Gangue Applied to Land Reclamation in Mining Areas Artificial ecological soil was prepared using coal gangue from the coal washing plant of Suancigou Coal Mine.

[0025] In the land reclamation area of ​​the Suancigou Coal Mine of Inner Mongolia Yitai Group in Jungar Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, a 15 cm thick layer of artificial ecological soil was applied to the loess layer. This artificial ecological soil was then mixed with the 15 cm thick loess layer at a 1:1 ratio to form a planting soil layer of approximately 30 cm. Sorghum was planted on this soil. Irrigation was carried out using sprinkler irrigation during the planting process, without the application of additional fertilizers or pesticides. The harvest yielded 800 catties / mu of sorghum, significantly higher than the yield of 90 catties / mu of sorghum grown on the original loess soil in the same area. The results of the detection of harmful heavy metals in the sorghum are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that no harmful heavy metals were detected in the sorghum, proving that the artificial ecological soil of this invention can be used for vegetable and grain crops.

[0026] Table 2. Detection results of harmful heavy metal residues in sorghum Application Example 2: Artificial Ecological Soil Based on Coal Gangue Applied to Ecological Restoration of National Nature Reserves Experimental location: Sanjiangyuan Ecological Restoration Demonstration Area, Beiluhe Permafrost Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhiduo County, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province.

[0027] Twenty 1 m × 1 m experimental squares were set up and randomly divided into four groups. In each group, five squares were topped with artificial ecological soil at concentrations of 10 wt%, 33 wt%, 50 wt%, and 66 wt%, respectively, forming a 20 cm thick planting layer. The last square was entirely topped with artificial ecological soil, forming a 20 cm thick planting layer. Each group planted one crop, for a total of four crops (Leymus chinensis, Bromus spp., Ryegrass, and Oats). The remaining crops were grown using the same method. Good vegetation planting results were achieved in the first year. Figure 3 As shown.

[0028] Application Example 3: Artificial Ecological Soil Based on Coal Gangue for the Improvement of Severely Saline-Alkali Land In a severely saline-alkali land management demonstration area in Shierlian Township, Jungar Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, a 10 cm thick layer of artificial ecological soil was laid on the surface and mixed with a 15 cm thick layer of saline-alkali soil to form an improved planting soil layer of about 25 cm thick. Sunflowers were then planted in this layer, covering an area of ​​approximately 500 m². Figure 4 As shown, the planting process utilizes natural rainfall for irrigation, without the application of additional fertilizers or pesticides. During the harvest season, 420 catties / mu of sunflowers are harvested. However, sunflowers planted on saline-alkali land in the same area will slowly wither and die.

[0029] Artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue contains humic acid, pyrite, organic sulfur, alkali metal compounds, and strong acid-weak base salts, which can regulate soil pH and achieve soil improvement. This example utilizes artificial ecological soil to improve saline-alkali land and effectively restore the local dominant vegetation ecosystem and improve land use efficiency. The specific process includes: first, determining the degree of salinization of the land to be improved; second, identifying the local dominant plant species and crop varieties; and finally, designing an artificial ecological soil application method based on the characteristics of saline-alkali land, the growth needs of vegetation and crops, and other local natural conditions. Compared with other saline-alkali land improvement methods, using artificial ecological soil to restore the soil environment of saline-alkali land takes into account the needs of local dominant species and crops for soil environment. Simultaneously, the scientific application method ensures improved soil water retention and aeration, effectively controlling repeated salinization. Using artificial ecological soil to improve saline-alkali land has the advantages of high efficiency and good results.

[0030] Application Example 4: Artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue is used for improving low-grade land and growing organic vegetables. Vegetables are grown in greenhouses at the Zhongmei Pingshuo Ecological Demonstration Zone in Pinglu District, Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province. A 20 cm thick layer of artificial ecological soil forms the planting layer, and garland chrysanthemum, lettuce, spinach, radishes, and bok choy are planted over a planting area of ​​600 m². Irrigation is done via drip irrigation in the greenhouses, without the application of additional fertilizers or pesticides. All vegetables are growing well. Figure 5 As shown in Table 3, the results of the detection of harmful heavy metals in lettuce can be seen. It can be seen that all harmful heavy metals were detected in lettuce, which proves that the artificial ecological soil of the present invention can be used for vegetable planting.

[0031] Table 3. Detection results of harmful heavy metal residues in lettuce Application Example 5: Artificial Ecological Soil Based on Coal Gangue Applied to Desertification Control and Crop Planting In the Mu Us Desert Control Demonstration Area of ​​Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, buckwheat was planted in open fields. A 15 cm thick layer of artificial ecological soil was laid on the surface, mixed with a 15 cm thick layer of original sand to form a 30 cm thick improved planting soil layer. The planting area was 600 m². Natural rainfall was used for irrigation during the planting process, without the application of additional fertilizers or pesticides. The buckwheat in the experimental area with the improved artificial ecological soil grew well, while the buckwheat plants in the control area with the original sandy soil were sparse and short. Figure 6 As shown.

[0032] As can be seen from the above application examples, the artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue of the present invention can be used for ecological restoration, desertification control, agricultural and livestock planting, flower and seedling planting and urban greening. It has a wide range of uses, and heavy metals are passivated, so there are no harmful heavy metal residues in the crops planted.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue, comprising crushed coal gangue, characterized in that: It also includes a compound microbial agent, which includes a microbial activating agent and a microbial inactivating agent. The particle size distribution of the coal gangue powder is as follows: 40% of the particles are below 1 mm, 30% are 1-2 mm, 20% are 2-4 mm, and 10% are 4-6 mm. The effective live bacteria concentration of the compound microbial agent is ≥40 billion CFU / mL. The operating temperature is 14-35℃, and the adhesion time of the compound microbial agent is ≥36 h. The microbial activating agent has an effective viable bacterial concentration of ≥4×10⁻⁶ for each type of bacteria. 7 The mixture consists of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and yeast in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:

1. The aforementioned microbial inactivation agent has an effective viable bacterial concentration of ≥4×10⁻⁶ for each type of bacteria. 7 The mixture consists of desulfurized Vibrio, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma, and white-rot fungi in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:

1.

2. The artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are rhizobia or azotobacter chrysozoans, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are Bacillus megaterium, and the potassium-solubilizing bacteria are Bacillus mucilaginosus.

3. A method for preparing artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Crushing: Large pieces of coal gangue are crushed by a crushing device to obtain crushed coal gangue; (2) Sorting and proportioning: The coal gangue crushed material is sorted and proportioned by a sorting and grading device to obtain the basic materials required for the preparation of artificial ecological soil; the particle size proportion is as follows: 40% of the particles are below 1 mm, 30% are 1~2 mm, 20% are 2~4 mm, and 10% are 4~6 mm. (3) Add compound microbial agents: Add compound microbial agents to the base materials at an effective live bacteria concentration of ≥40 billion CFU / mL; (4) Curing: After adding the compound microbial agent, the mixture should be piled up and cured at 14-35℃ for more than 36 hours; The compound microbial agent includes a microbial activating agent and a microbial inactivating agent, wherein the microbial activating agent has an effective viable bacterial concentration of ≥4×10⁻⁶ for each type of bacteria. 7 The microbial inactivation agent is composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and yeast in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1; the microbial inactivation agent consists of an effective viable concentration of ≥4×10⁻⁶ for each type of bacteria. 7 The mixture consists of desulfurized Vibrio, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma, and white-rot fungi in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:

1.

4. An application of artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The artificial ecological soil is mixed with the topsoil at a volume ratio of 1:1 and then used for crop planting.

5. An application of artificial ecological soil based on coal gangue as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The artificial ecological soil is placed on top of the original topsoil, with a thickness of 20-30 cm, and crops are planted directly on the artificial ecological soil.

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