Vertical multi-layer tar ammonia water separation device and working method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a vertical multi-layer tar-ammonia water separation device and its operating method. The vertical multi-layer tar-ammonia water separation device includes a tank, a tar-ammonia water inlet pipe, a heavy tar outlet pipe, a light tar outlet pipe, and an ammonia water outlet pipe. Multiple flow channel baffles are installed inside the tank, forming a zigzag flow channel along the height of the tank and dividing the interior of the tank into multiple separation chambers. The tar-ammonia water inlet pipe is located at the bottom of the tank. A heavy tar outlet is located on the tank side wall at the lower end of the flow channel baffles, and a guide tube is located at the higher end of the flow channel baffles. A light tar outlet and an ammonia water outlet are located at the top of the tank. The vertical multi-layer tar-ammonia water separation device of this invention can ensure the complete separation of light tar, heavy tar, and ammonia water, improving separation efficiency, and significantly saving floor space and investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tar-ammonia-water separation technology, and in particular to a vertical multilayer tar-ammonia-water separation device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Low-rank coal undergoes low-temperature dry distillation, which decomposes it upon heating to produce semi-coke, low-temperature coal tar, and raw coal gas. The substances contained in low-temperature coal tar are generally small molecules (such as aliphatic hydrocarbons and diphenols), with low aromatic hydrocarbon content and high alkane content; its relative density is typically around 1.0 g / cm³. 3 The low temperature coal tar contains some water-soluble alcohols and phenols, which makes the separation of tar and ammonia water quite difficult.

[0003] The tar-ammonia water separator is one of the key pieces of equipment in the coal gas purification system that is used in conjunction with the coal dry distillation process. Its main function is to separate the tar-ammonia water mixture, recover the tar product, and recycle the ammonia water.

[0004] Existing tar-ammonia water separation devices are usually vertical circular separation tanks or horizontal boat-shaped separation tanks. The main problems are: poor separation effect, long tar-ammonia water retention time, large equipment footprint, high total investment, and the need for regular manual cleaning, which results in a harsh working environment and environmental pollution during the cleaning process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device and its working method, which can ensure the full separation of light tar, heavy tar and ammonia water, improve separation efficiency, and significantly save floor space and investment; it solves the problems of poor separation effect, long tar-ammonia water retention time, large equipment floor space and high total investment of existing tar-ammonia water separation devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0007] A vertical multi-layer tar-ammonia water separation device includes a tank, a tar-ammonia water inlet pipe, a heavy tar outlet pipe, a light tar outlet pipe, and an ammonia water outlet pipe. Multiple layers of flow channel baffles are installed inside the tank, with the baffles inclined to form a zigzag flow channel along the height of the tank, dividing the tank interior into multiple separation chambers. The tar-ammonia water inlet pipe is located at the bottom of the tank. A heavy tar outlet is provided on the tank sidewall corresponding to the lower end of each layer of flow channel baffles, and the heavy tar outlet pipe is connected to the heavy tar outlet. Several guide tubes are provided at the high end of each layer of flow channel baffles, and the upper and lower separation chambers are connected through corresponding guide tubes. A light tar outlet and an ammonia water outlet are provided above the uppermost flow channel baffle on the top of the tank, with the light tar outlet higher than the ammonia water outlet. A light tar outlet pipe is provided at the light tar outlet, and the ammonia water outlet is connected to the ammonia water outlet pipe.

[0008] The angle between the flow channel baffle and the horizontal plane is 5° to 20°.

[0009] The angle between the flow channel baffle and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

[0010] The flow channel baffle is provided in 5 to 10 layers.

[0011] The bottom of the guide tube is connected to the corresponding flow channel baffle. The guide tube has a cylindrical structure with a height of 200-800mm and a diameter of 200-500mm.

[0012] The upper surface of the flow channel baffle is coated with a hydrophobic and oleophilic material.

[0013] The hydrophobic and oleophilic coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating or a carbon fiber composite material coating.

[0014] The tank is circular; the top of the tank is sealed by a top cover, which can be flat, conical, or domed.

[0015] The tank's bottom plate has an inclined upper surface, with one end near the tar-ammonia inlet pipe being the high end and the other end being the low end; a heavy tar outlet pipe is provided on the tank corresponding to the low end.

[0016] A method for operating a vertical multilayer tar-ammonia-water separation device includes the following steps:

[0017] 1) When the electric slag discharge valve on the heavy tar outlet pipe is closed, the tar-ammonia-water mixture continuously enters the tank through the tar-ammonia-water inlet pipe and flows upward, sequentially passing through the guide tubes on the flow channel baffles into each separation chamber.

[0018] 2) As the tar-ammonia-water mixture slowly flows upward, it enters each separation chamber in sequence and is separated in each separation chamber. The separated heavy tar and tar residue are collected on the surface of the flow channel baffle by the hydrophobic and oleophilic coating material and flow down the slope, depositing in the heavy tar collection area at the bottom. The electric slag discharge valve is started intermittently to discharge the collected heavy tar and tar residue through the heavy tar outlet pipe.

[0019] 3) The ammonia water outlet pipe is normally open, and the ammonia water that reaches the top of the tank after tar separation is continuously discharged from the ammonia water outlet pipe.

[0020] 4) Light tar is collected through a light tar collection funnel and then discharged through a light tar outlet pipe.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1) Set up multi-layer inclined flow channel baffles, which work synergistically with the hydrophobic and oleophilic material coating on the surface of the flow channel baffles to achieve full and efficient separation of light tar, heavy tar and ammonia water;

[0023] 2) By setting up multi-layer flow channel baffles, the effective bottom area of ​​the tar-ammonia-water separation device is increased, thereby increasing the processing capacity of the device; at the same time, the inclined flow channel baffles help heavy tar and tar residue to accumulate at lower levels.

[0024] 3) Heavy tar and tar residue can be discharged periodically through an electric slag discharge valve, and will not accumulate on the flow channel baffle. No manual cleaning is required, which is economical and environmentally friendly.

[0025] 4) The hydrophobic and oleophilic coating sprayed on the surface of the flow channel baffle can promote the coalescence of small oil droplets, shorten the separation time, and improve the separation efficiency;

[0026] 5) The tar-ammonia-water mixture flows upward along the zigzag flow channels formed by the baffles in each layer of the tank, which enhances the fluidity and extends the flow distance. Multi-stage separation is achieved within a limited height, which greatly reduces the equipment footprint and investment cost, and effectively solves the problem of difficult separation of tar-ammonia-water. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the vertical multilayer tar-ammonia-water separation device described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA view in the middle.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Tank body; 2-Tar ammonia inlet pipe; 3-Light tar collection funnel; 4-Flow channel baffle; 5-Top cover; 6-Ammonia outlet pipe; 7-Heavy tar outlet pipe; 8-Light tar outlet pipe; 9-Guide cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the vertical multi-layer tar-ammonia water separation device of the present invention includes a tank 1, a tar-ammonia water inlet pipe 2, a heavy tar outlet pipe 7, a light tar outlet pipe 8, and an ammonia water outlet pipe 6. Multiple layers of flow channel baffles 4 are installed inside the tank 1, with the flow channel baffles 4 inclined to form a zigzag flow channel along the height of the tank 1, dividing the interior of the tank 1 into multiple separation chambers. The tar-ammonia water inlet pipe 2 is located at the bottom of the tank 1. A heavy tar outlet is provided on the side wall of the tank 1 corresponding to the lower end of each layer of flow channel baffles 4, and the heavy tar outlet pipe 7 is connected to the heavy tar outlet. Several guide tubes 9 are respectively provided at the high end of each layer of flow channel baffles 4, and the upper and lower separation chambers are connected through the corresponding guide tubes 9. A light tar outlet and an ammonia water outlet are provided above the uppermost flow channel baffle at the top of the tank 1, with the light tar outlet higher than the ammonia water outlet. A light tar outlet pipe 8 is provided at the light tar outlet, and the ammonia water outlet is connected to the ammonia water outlet pipe 6.

[0032] The angle between the flow channel baffle 4 and the horizontal plane is 5° to 20°.

[0033] The angle between the flow channel baffle 4 and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

[0034] The flow channel baffle 4 is provided in 5 to 10 layers.

[0035] The bottom of the guide tube 9 is connected to the corresponding flow channel baffle 4. The guide tube 9 is a cylindrical structure with a height of 200-800mm and a diameter of 200-500mm.

[0036] The upper surface of the flow guide baffle 4 is coated with a hydrophobic and oleophilic material.

[0037] The hydrophobic and oleophilic coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating or a carbon fiber composite material coating.

[0038] The tank 1 is a circular tank; the top of the tank 1 is closed by the top cover 5, which has a flat top, conical top or arched top structure.

[0039] The bottom plate of the tank 1 has an inclined upper surface, and the end near the tar ammonia inlet pipe 2 is the high end and the other end is the low end; the tank 1 at the low end is provided with a heavy tar outlet pipe 7.

[0040] The working method of the vertical multilayer tar-ammonia-water separation device of the present invention includes the following process:

[0041] 1) The electric slag discharge valve on the heavy tar outlet pipe 7 is closed, and the tar ammonia water mixture continuously enters the tank 1 through the tar ammonia water inlet pipe 2 and flows upward, and enters each separation chamber through the guide tube 9 on the flow channel baffle 4 in sequence.

[0042] 2) As the tar-ammonia-water mixture slowly flows upward, it enters each separation chamber in sequence and is separated in each separation chamber. The separated heavy tar and tar residue are collected on the surface of the flow channel baffle 4 under the action of the hydrophobic and oleophilic material coating and flow down the slope, depositing in the heavy tar collection area at the bottom. The electric slag discharge valve is started intermittently to discharge the collected heavy tar and tar residue through the heavy tar outlet pipe 7.

[0043] 3) The ammonia water outlet pipe 6 is normally open, and the ammonia water that reaches the top of the tank 1 after the tar is separated is continuously discharged from the ammonia water outlet pipe 6.

[0044] 4) Light tar is collected through light tar collection funnel 3 and then discharged through light tar outlet pipe 8.

[0045] The processing capacity of a static separation device depends only on the bottom area of ​​the separation device and is independent of its height. The vertical multi-layer tar ammonia water separation device of the present invention sets up multi-layer flow channel baffles 4 in the tank body 1 to form multi-layer separation chambers, which effectively increases the total bottom area, thereby increasing the processing capacity of the separation device, while reducing the footprint of the tar ammonia water separation device and reducing equipment investment costs.

[0046] Multiple layers of flow channel baffles 4 (preferably 5 to 10 layers) are arranged along the height direction inside the tank body 1. The flow channel baffles 4 are inclined and the angle between them and the horizontal plane is 5° to 20° (preferably 10° to 15°). Two adjacent layers of flow channel baffles are inclined relative to each other (e.g., odd-numbered layers of flow channel baffles are inclined to the left and even-numbered layers of flow channel baffles are inclined to the right), forming a zigzag flow channel.

[0047] The upper surface of the flow channel baffle 4 is coated with a hydrophobic and oleophilic material coating (such as polytetrafluoroethylene coating or carbon fiber composite material coating). The contact angle between the tar ammonia water mixture and the hydrophobic and oleophilic material coating is >150°, which increases the adhesion of tar by 30% to 50% and effectively promotes the aggregation of small oil droplets.

[0048] Several cylindrical guide tubes 9 are provided at the high end of the flow channel baffle 4, close to the side wall of the tank body 1, serving as channels for liquid to enter the upper separation chamber. The height of the guide tubes 9 is preferably 200-800 mm, and the diameter is preferably 200-500 mm. The function of the guide tubes 9 is to prevent the heavy tar that has settled at the top of the flow channel baffle in the upper separation chamber from entering the lower separation chamber. A heavy tar outlet is provided on the side wall of the tank body 1 at the low end of the flow channel baffle 4 to discharge the accumulated heavy tar and tar residue.

[0049] The tar-ammonia water inlet pipe 2 is located on one side of the lowest separation chamber at the bottom of tank 1. The light tar outlet pipe 8 is located at the top of tank 1. The oil level can be controlled by the light tar collection funnel 3. When production is stable, the light tar collection funnel 3 is fixed above the oil-water interface. After being collected by the light tar collection funnel 3, the light tar can be discharged continuously or intermittently after being collected to a certain level.

[0050] To more intuitively illustrate the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the examples. The following examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, including simple variations or equivalent substitutions, are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051]

Example

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the vertical multi-layer tar-ammonia water separation device includes a tank 1 and a tar-ammonia water inlet pipe 2, a heavy tar outlet pipe 7, a light tar outlet pipe 8, and an ammonia water outlet pipe 6 connected to the tank 1; a multi-layer flow channel baffle 4 is provided inside the tank 1.

[0053] The tank 1 has a diameter of 4m and a height of 10m. Eight layers of flow channel baffles 4 are set along the height of the tank 1. The inclination angle of each layer of flow channel baffles 4 is 12°. The inclination directions of two adjacent layers of flow channel baffles 4 are opposite. The multiple layers of flow channel baffles 4 together form a zigzag flow channel and multiple separation chambers.

[0054] In this embodiment, the surface of the flow channel baffle 4 is sprayed with 50μm thick PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) material, and after spraying, it is cured at high temperature to form a hydrophobic and oleophilic material coating.

[0055] In this embodiment, the high end of the flow channel baffle 4 is provided with three cylindrical guide tubes 9 near the side wall of the tank body 1. The guide tubes 9 are 500mm high, 200mm in diameter, and spaced 300mm apart. The low end of the flow channel baffle 4 is enriched with heavy tar and tar residue, which are periodically discharged from the heavy tar outlet pipe 7 through an electric slag discharge valve.

[0056] In this embodiment, the tar ammonia water inlet pipe 2 is located on one side of the bottom of the tank body 1, the light tar outlet pipe 8 is located at the top of the tank body 1, the ammonia water outlet pipe 6 is located below the light tar outlet pipe 8, and both the light tar outlet pipe 8 and the ammonia water outlet pipe 6 are located above the uppermost flow channel baffle 4.

[0057] In this embodiment, the tank body 1 is a cylindrical structure; the top of the tank body 1 is sealed by the top cover 5, which is a flat-top structure.

[0058]

Example 2

[0059] In this embodiment, the vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separator is used to separate high-viscosity tar and ammonia water. The structure of the vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separator is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the inclination angle of each layer of flow channel baffle 4 is 18°, and the number of flow channel baffles 4 is 10 layers to further improve the separation efficiency.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device, characterized in that, The system includes a tank body, a tar-ammonia inlet pipe, a heavy tar outlet pipe, a light tar outlet pipe, and an ammonia outlet pipe. The tank body is equipped with multiple layers of flow channel baffles, the upper surface of which is coated with a hydrophobic and oleophilic material. The flow channel baffles are inclined, forming a zigzag flow channel along the height of the tank body, dividing the interior of the tank body into multiple separation chambers. The tar-ammonia inlet pipe is located at the bottom of the tank body. A heavy tar outlet is located on the tank sidewall corresponding to the lower end of each layer of flow channel baffles, and the heavy tar outlet pipe is connected to the heavy tar outlet. Several guide tubes are installed at the high end of each layer of flow channel baffles, and the upper and lower separation chambers are connected through corresponding guide tubes. A light tar outlet and an ammonia outlet are located above the uppermost flow channel baffle on the top of the tank body, with the light tar outlet higher than the ammonia outlet. A light tar outlet pipe is installed at the light tar outlet, and the ammonia outlet is connected to the ammonia outlet pipe.

2. The vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the flow channel baffle and the horizontal plane is 5° to 20°.

3. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the flow channel baffle and the horizontal plane is 10° to 15°.

4. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel baffle is provided in 5 to 10 layers.

5. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the guide tube is connected to the corresponding flow channel baffle. The guide tube has a cylindrical structure with a height of 200-800mm and a diameter of 200-500mm.

6. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophobic and oleophilic coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene coating or a carbon fiber composite material coating.

7. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank is circular; the top of the tank is sealed by a top cover, which can be flat, conical, or domed.

8. A vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank's bottom plate has an inclined upper surface, with one end near the tar-ammonia inlet pipe being the high end and the other end being the low end; a heavy tar outlet pipe is provided on the tank corresponding to the low end.

9. A method for operating the vertical multilayer tar-ammonia water separator as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The process includes the following: 1) When the electric slag discharge valve on the heavy tar outlet pipe is closed, the tar-ammonia-water mixture continuously enters the tank through the tar-ammonia-water inlet pipe and flows upward, sequentially passing through the guide tube on the flow channel baffle into each separation chamber. 2) As the tar-ammonia-water mixture slowly flows upward, it enters each separation chamber in sequence and is separated in each separation chamber. The separated heavy tar and tar residue are collected on the surface of the flow channel baffle by the hydrophobic and oleophilic material coating and flow down the slope, depositing in the heavy tar collection area at the bottom. The electric slag discharge valve is started intermittently to discharge the collected heavy tar and tar residue through the heavy tar outlet pipe. 3) The ammonia water outlet pipe is normally open, and the ammonia water that reaches the top of the tank after tar separation is continuously discharged from the ammonia water outlet pipe. 4) Light tar is collected through a light tar collection funnel and then discharged through a light tar outlet pipe.

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