Totally-enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of totally enclosed automation biomass particle processing equipment, including machine body, machine body is by first chamber, second chamber and third chamber composition, first crushing mechanism, second crushing mechanism and spiral feeder are arranged in first chamber, grinding mechanism and pressing mechanism are arranged in second chamber, first chamber two sides are respectively equipped with first material conveying channel and second material conveying channel, second crushing mechanism is arranged in closed crushing chamber, the bottom of first crushing mechanism is communicated crushing chamber by guide port, crushing chamber two sides are respectively equipped with discharge port and first air outlet, the top of first material conveying channel is also equipped with second air outlet, the feed inlet of grinding mechanism is connected with negative pressure suction feeder, the discharge port of grinding mechanism is connected with pressing mechanism, grid conveyor belt is also arranged below pressing mechanism, cooling mechanism includes fan and air supplementing port, fan is connected with first air outlet and second air outlet respectively by air pipe, the application occupies less space, more safe and reliable, and the processed material is not easy to break.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The general process of biomass pellet processing is to first send the scraps, bark and other impurities generated during wood processing into a crusher to be crushed into blocks, then crushed into small particles by multiple pulverizers, then sent to a grinding mill to grind the raw materials into fine powder, and then sent to a press for extrusion to obtain finished pellets. The finished pellets need to be cooled by a cooling tower, dusted by a dust collector, and screened by a screening machine before the final product can be obtained. In the existing technology, the equipment for each of the above processes is placed separately, which occupies a lot of space. Furthermore, since the processes cannot be accurately coordinated and unified, the flow and storage of materials require additional space. It is particularly worth mentioning that a large amount of dust is diffused into the factory during the crushing and grinding process, and there is a risk of explosion when the dust concentration reaches a certain level. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment, which has the advantages of occupying less space and being safer and more reliable.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment, including a machine body, the machine body being composed of a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, a first crushing mechanism, a second crushing mechanism and a screw feeder being arranged from top to bottom in the first chamber, a grinding mechanism and a pressing mechanism being arranged from top to bottom in the second chamber, a first conveying channel being provided on the side of the first chamber away from the second chamber, and a second conveying channel being provided between the first chamber and the second chamber; The first crushing mechanism outputs sheet-like material. The bottom of the first crushing mechanism has a bottom plate that is inclined downward and connected to the first conveying channel. The bottom plate is provided with an openable guide port. The second crushing mechanism is set in a closed crushing chamber. The guide port is connected to the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber is provided with a discharge port on the side facing the first conveying channel. The crushing chamber is also provided with a first air outlet for blowing the material to the discharge port. The second crushing mechanism outputs small particles. The top of the first conveying channel is also provided with a second air outlet. Small granular materials and flaky materials enter the screw feeder through the first conveying channel, are mixed and then conveyed to the bottom of the second conveying channel; The feed inlet of the grinding mechanism is connected to a negative pressure suction machine. The negative pressure suction machine sucks up the material at the bottom of the second conveying channel and conveys it into the grinding mechanism. The powder material with long fibers ground by the grinding mechanism is then fed into the pressing mechanism. Below the pressing mechanism is a mesh conveyor belt. The cooling mechanism and the output mechanism are located in the third chamber. The cooling mechanism includes a fan and an air inlet. The mesh conveyor belt passes between the fan and the air inlet. The fan is connected to the first air outlet and the second air outlet through air ducts. During the cooling process of the granules, the fan sucks up the powder adhering to the granules and sends the powder back to the first chamber.

[0005] Furthermore, the pressing mechanism consists of a horizontally placed pressing chamber, a feeding chamber, a pressing plate, and a hydraulic cylinder that drives the pressing plate to move between the feeding chamber and the pressing chamber. The peripheral wall of the pressing chamber is densely covered with through holes, and the discharge port of the grinding mechanism is connected to the feeding chamber.

[0006] Preferably, there are two sets of grinding mechanism and pressing mechanism, and the two pressing mechanisms are staggered and arranged facing each other.

[0007] Furthermore, the second chamber is equipped with installation chambers corresponding to the two sets of pressing mechanisms. A partition is provided in the middle of the installation chamber. The ends of the pressing chambers and feeding chambers of the two sets of pressing mechanisms are respectively connected to the side wall of the installation chamber and the partition. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the partition and connected to the corresponding pressing plate. The pressing chamber is equipped with multiple reinforcing rings, and the feeding chamber is equipped with multiple support columns on its outer periphery.

[0008] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided at the discharge port of the crushing chamber to prevent too much incompletely crushed flaky material from entering the first conveying channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing chamber is also equipped with three guide plates. The first air outlet is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber. The guide plate corresponding to the first air outlet is named the first guide plate. The first guide plate is a concave arc shape. The guide plate above the first guide plate is named the second guide plate. The second guide plate is triangular. The guide plate above the first air outlet, which is used to bounce the material ejected by the second crushing mechanism back to the second crushing mechanism, is named the third guide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a baffle is provided between the first crushing mechanism and the second air outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the feed inlet is provided with a louvered door, which consists of a frame, multiple louvered blades oscillating at equal distances on the door, and a drive mechanism for driving each louvered blade to oscillate. The drive mechanism consists of a cylinder fixed on the frame and a rack that moves back and forth along the edge of the frame. The cylinder drives the rack to move, and a gear is fixed to one end of each louvered blade. The rack meshes with each gear.

[0012] Furthermore, a feeding port is provided at the top of the first chamber, and the feeding port is configured corresponding to the first crushing mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the output mechanism is a downwardly inclined vibrating screen, and a conveyor belt for outputting the crushed particles from the machine body is also provided below the vibrating screen.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are: the layout of the whole equipment is reasonable, the processing cycle is fast, and the space occupied is only 1 / 4 or even less than that of the prior art; The entire equipment is a continuous feeding and processing system, eliminating the need for material storage. Compared with existing technologies, it also saves space for storing materials processed by each crushing mechanism. The entire equipment is designed to be fully enclosed except for the inlet and outlet. The entire processing is carried out inside the machine, which can effectively prevent dust from spreading in the factory. On the one hand, it is conducive to the realization of clean production, and on the other hand, it can improve the safety of production and avoid the risk of explosion caused by excessive dust concentration. When the cooling mechanism is working, the airflow generated is transported to the first air outlet and the second air outlet for internal circulation, making full use of the powder and airflow generated during the process. The airflow not only sends the powder back to the first chamber for reuse, but also assists the first and second crushing mechanisms in processing and discharging the output material. It is worth mentioning that the biomass pellets processed by this invention have a more stable structure and are resistant to friction and impact, and are not easily broken. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pulverizing chamber in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the door in the open state in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the door is in the closed state in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mesh conveyor belt in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. First crushing mechanism; 2. Second crushing mechanism; 3. Screw feeder; 4. Grinding mechanism; 5. Pressing mechanism; 6. Cooling mechanism; 7. Output mechanism; 8. First chamber; 9. Second chamber; 10. Third chamber; 11. First conveying channel; 12. Second conveying channel; 13. Base plate; 14. Guide port; 15. Crushing chamber; 16. First air outlet; 17. Second air outlet; 18. Negative pressure suction machine; 19. Pressing chamber; 20. Feeding chamber; 21. Hydraulic cylinder; 22. Mesh conveyor belt; 23. Fan; 24. Air inlet; 25. Partition; 26. Reinforcing ring; 27. Support column; 28. Filter screen; 29. ​​First guide plate; 30. Second guide plate; 31. Third guide plate; 32. Baffle; 33. Frame; 34. Louver; 35. Feeding port. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Combination Figure 1-6 As shown, a fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment includes a machine body, which is equipped with a first crushing mechanism 1 for crushing materials broken into blocks into fragments, a second crushing mechanism 2 for crushing flaky materials into small particles, a screw feeder 3 for mixing and conveying the materials, a grinding mechanism 4 for grinding the mixed materials into powder with long fibers, a pressing mechanism 5 for pressing the materials into pellets, a cooling mechanism 6 for cooling the pressed materials, and an output mechanism 7 for screening and outputting the materials. The machine body is composed of a first chamber 8, a second chamber 9 and a third chamber 10. The first crushing mechanism 1, the second crushing mechanism 2 and the screw feeder 3 are arranged from top to bottom in the first chamber 8. The grinding mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 are arranged from top to bottom in the second chamber 9. A first conveying channel 11 is provided on the side of the first chamber 8 away from the second chamber 9. A second conveying channel 12 is provided between the first chamber 8 and the second chamber 9. The bottom of the first crushing mechanism 1 has a bottom plate 13 that is inclined downward toward the first conveying channel 11. The bottom plate 13 is provided with an openable guide port 14. The second crushing mechanism 2 is disposed in a closed crushing chamber 15. The guide port 14 is connected to the crushing chamber 15. The crushing chamber 15 is provided with a discharge port on the side facing the first conveying channel 11. The bottom of the first conveying channel 11 is connected to the feed port of the screw feeder 3. The crushing chamber 15 is also provided with a first air outlet 16 for blowing the material toward the discharge port. The top of the first conveying channel 11 is also provided with a downwardly oriented second air outlet 17. In the above structure, the feed inlet 14 opens intermittently. When the feed inlet 14 is open, the flaky material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 is guided to the second crushing mechanism 2. The flaky material is crushed into small particles by the second crushing mechanism 2. Under the action of the airflow from the first air outlet 16, the particles are blown out from the first outlet to the first conveying channel 11 and discharged downwards. When the feed inlet 14 is closed, the flaky material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 is discharged downwards through the first conveying channel 11. The small particles and flaky material enter the screw conveyor 3 through the first conveying channel 11, are mixed and then conveyed. The purpose of the second air outlet 17 is mainly to prevent the material from being blown up in the opposite direction under the action of the airflow, and to ensure the smooth falling of the material. The discharge port of the screw feeder 3 is connected to the bottom of the second conveying channel 12, and the inlet of the grinding mechanism 4 is connected to the negative pressure suction machine 18. The conveying pipe of the negative pressure suction machine 18 is inserted into and extends to the bottom of the second conveying channel 12. The negative pressure suction machine 18 sucks up and conveys the mixed material into the grinding mechanism 4. The pressing mechanism 5 consists of a horizontally placed pressing chamber 19, a feeding chamber 20, a pressure plate, and a hydraulic cylinder 21 that drives the pressure plate to move between the feeding chamber 20 and the pressing chamber 19. The peripheral wall of the pressing chamber 19 is densely covered with through holes. The discharge port of the grinding mechanism 4 is connected to the feeding chamber 20. The powder material with long fibers processed by the grinding mechanism 4 first enters the feeding chamber 20 and accumulates. The pressure plate pushes the material into the pressing chamber 19 under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and then continues to squeeze the material. Under high pressure, the material is squeezed out from the through holes of the pressing chamber 19 to form granules. In the above structure, the horizontally placed pressing mechanism 5 can save installation space and facilitates the feeding of materials from the grinding mechanism 4 to the pressing mechanism 5. It should be noted that the purpose of mixing long fibers into the powder is to make the final product granules easier to form and less prone to breakage. The long fibers will form a network structure in the granules, making the structure of the whole granules more stable and able to maintain the integrity of the granules even when subjected to friction and collision during packaging and transportation. The principle of long fiber formation is that the sheet material processed by the first crushing mechanism 1 is directly mixed into the small granules processed by the second crushing mechanism 2 and then enters the grinding mill for grinding. Since the working principle of the grinding mill is to use two grinding discs to grind the material, it is impossible to completely break all the long fibers in the sheet material during the grinding process. Therefore, the long fibers are directly mixed into the powder and enter the pressing mechanism 5 for pressing. Below the pressing mechanism 5, there is also a mesh conveyor belt 22 for conveying material to the cooling mechanism 6. The cooling mechanism 6 and the output mechanism 7 are located in the third chamber 10. The cooling mechanism 6 includes a fan 23 located at the top of the third chamber 10 and an air inlet 24 vertically located below the fan 23. The mesh conveyor belt 22 conveys material to the output mechanism 7 through the fan 23 and the air inlet 24. The fan 23 is connected to the first air outlet 16 and the second air outlet 17 through air ducts. In the above structure, the granules pressed by the pressing mechanism 5 fall onto the grid conveyor belt 22 and are conveyed to the third chamber 10. Under the suction action of the cooling mechanism 6, the granules with high temperature due to compression are rapidly cooled, and the powder attached to the granules is sucked away by the suction action. Since the blower 23 is connected to the first air outlet 16 and the second air outlet 17 through air ducts respectively, under the premise of making full use of the air force generated by the blower 23, the powder is also conveyed back to the first chamber 8 for reuse. After being cooled and dust-removed, the granules are sent to the output mechanism 7, screened and output. Qualified granules are sent to the storage bin to wait for packaging, and unqualified fragments are screened out and sent back to the first chamber 8 for reuse.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above structure are: The entire equipment is rationally laid out, with a fast processing cycle and a space occupation of only 1 / 4 or even less compared to existing technologies. To facilitate initial feeding, the feeding channel of the first chamber 8 is generally located on the second or third floor of the factory building, and the crusher used for the initial crushing of raw materials such as wood scraps and bark is also located on the same floor. The entire equipment is a continuous feeding and processing system, eliminating the need for material storage. Compared with existing technologies, it also saves space for storing materials processed by each crushing mechanism. The entire equipment is designed to be fully enclosed except for the inlet and outlet. The entire processing is carried out inside the machine, which can effectively prevent dust from spreading in the factory. On the one hand, it is conducive to the realization of clean production, and on the other hand, it can improve the safety of production and avoid the risk of explosion caused by excessive dust concentration. When the cooling mechanism 6 is working, the airflow generated is transported to the first air outlet 16 and the second air outlet 17 for internal circulation, making full use of the powder and airflow generated during the process. The airflow not only sends the powder back to the first chamber 8 for reuse, but also assists the first crushing mechanism 1 and the second crushing mechanism 2 in processing and discharging the material.

[0020] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, there are two sets of grinding mechanism 4 and pressing mechanism 5 to adapt to the discharge speed of the first chamber 8 and improve processing efficiency.

[0021] In another embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the two sets of pressing mechanisms 5 are staggered and set facing each other to make full use of the space in the second chamber 9.

[0022] In another embodiment, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second chamber 9 is provided with installation chambers corresponding to the two sets of pressing mechanisms 5. The middle of the installation chamber is provided with a partition 25. The ends of the pressing chambers 19 and feeding chambers 20 of the two sets of pressing mechanisms 5 are respectively connected to the side wall of the installation chamber and the partition 25. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed on the partition 25 and connected to the corresponding pressing plate. The pressing chamber 19 is provided with multiple reinforcing rings 26. The feeding chamber 20 is provided with multiple support columns 27 on its outer periphery to ensure the reliability of the entire pressing mechanism 5 structure.

[0023] In another embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a filter screen 28 is also provided on the discharge port of the crushing chamber 15 to prevent too much incompletely crushed flaky material from entering the first conveying channel 11.

[0024] In another embodiment, combined Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the crushing chamber 15 is also equipped with three guide plates. The first air outlet 16 is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber 15. The guide plate corresponding to the first air outlet 16 is named the first guide plate 29. The first guide plate 29 is a concave arc shape to guide the airflow blown out of the first air outlet 16 to the discharge port. The guide plate above the first guide plate 29 is named the second guide plate 30. The second guide plate 30 is triangular. On the one hand, it guides the material input by the first crushing mechanism 1 to the second crushing mechanism 2. On the other hand, it blocks the rising airflow to prevent the airflow from blowing the falling sheet material back. The guide plate above the first air outlet 16 is named the third guide plate 31. The third guide plate 31 is used to bounce the material ejected by the second crushing mechanism 2 back to the second crushing mechanism 2 when it is working.

[0025] In another embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a baffle 32 is also provided between the first crushing mechanism 1 and the second air outlet 17 to prevent the airflow blown out of the second air outlet 17 from affecting the operation of the first crushing mechanism 1.

[0026] In another embodiment, combined Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the feed inlet 14 is provided with louvered door panels. The door panels consist of a frame 33, multiple louvered blades 34 equidistantly connected to the door panels, and a drive mechanism that drives each louvered blade 34 to swing. The drive mechanism consists of a cylinder fixed to the frame 33 and a rack that moves back and forth along the edge of the frame 33. The cylinder drives the rack to move. One end of each louvered blade 34 is fixed with a gear. The rack meshes with each gear. The cylinder extends and retracts, causing the rack to move forward or backward. The rack drives each louvered blade 34 to swing or reset through each gear. When each louvered blade 34 swings up, the feed inlet 14 is in an open state, and the sheet material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 can fall through the gaps between the louvers. When each louvered blade 34 resets, the feed inlet 14 is in a closed state, and the sheet material crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 continues to slide down through the door panels to the first conveying channel 11.

[0027] In another embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top of the first chamber 8 is also provided with a feeding port 35, which is provided corresponding to the first crushing mechanism 1.

[0028] In another embodiment, the output mechanism 7 is a downwardly inclined vibrating screen, and a conveyor belt for outputting the crushed particles from the machine body is also provided below the vibrating screen.

Claims

1. A fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment, comprising a body, characterized in that, The machine body is composed of a first chamber (8), a second chamber (9) and a third chamber (10). The first crushing mechanism (1), the second crushing mechanism (2) and the screw feeder (3) are arranged from top to bottom in the first chamber (8). The grinding mechanism (4) and the pressing mechanism (5) are arranged from top to bottom in the second chamber (9). A first conveying channel (11) is provided on the side of the first chamber (8) away from the second chamber (9). A second conveying channel (12) is provided between the first chamber (8) and the second chamber (9). The first crushing mechanism (1) outputs sheet-like material. The bottom of the first crushing mechanism (1) has a bottom plate (13) that is inclined downward and connected to the first conveying channel (11). The bottom plate (13) is provided with an openable guide port (14). The second crushing mechanism (2) is set in a closed crushing chamber (15). The guide port (14) is connected to the crushing chamber (15). The crushing chamber (15) has a discharge port on the side facing the first conveying channel (11). The crushing chamber (15) is also provided with a first air outlet (16) for blowing the material to the discharge port. The second crushing mechanism (2) outputs small particles. The top of the first conveying channel (11) is also provided with a second air outlet (17). Small granular materials and flake materials enter the screw feeder (3) through the first conveying channel (11), are mixed and then conveyed to the bottom of the second conveying channel (12); The feed inlet of the grinding mechanism (4) is connected to the negative pressure suction machine (18). The negative pressure suction machine (18) sucks up the material at the bottom of the second conveying channel (12) and conveys it into the grinding mechanism (4). The grinding mechanism (4) uses a grinding disc to grind the mixture, so that some long fibers in the sheet material are retained in the powder material and enter the pressing mechanism (5) with the powder material. Below the pressing mechanism (5) is a mesh conveyor belt (22). The cooling mechanism (6) and the output mechanism (7) are located in the third chamber (10). The cooling mechanism (6) includes a fan (23) and an air inlet (24). The mesh conveyor belt (22) passes between the fan (23) and the air inlet (24). The fan (23) is connected to the first air outlet (16) and the second air outlet (17) through air ducts. The fan of the cooling mechanism cools the granules while removing powder from the surface of the granules. The airflow and powder are transported to the first air outlet and the second air outlet through air ducts, so that the powder returns to the first chamber and the cooling airflow is used to assist the processing and output of the first crushing mechanism and the second crushing mechanism, forming an airflow circulation inside the machine.

2. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing mechanism (5) consists of a horizontally placed pressing chamber (19), a feeding chamber (20), a pressing plate, and a hydraulic cylinder (21) that drives the pressing plate to move between the feeding chamber (20) and the pressing chamber (19). The peripheral wall of the pressing chamber (19) is densely covered with through holes, and the discharge port of the grinding mechanism (4) is connected to the feeding chamber (20).

3. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, There are two sets of grinding mechanism (4) and pressing mechanism (5), and the two sets of pressing mechanism (5) are staggered and set towards each other.

4. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second chamber (9) is provided with an installation chamber corresponding to two sets of pressing mechanisms (5). A partition (25) is provided in the middle of the installation chamber. The ends of the pressing chamber (19) and the feeding chamber (20) of the two sets of pressing mechanisms (5) are respectively connected to the side wall of the installation chamber and the partition (25). The hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixed on the partition (25) and connected to the corresponding pressing plate. Multiple reinforcing rings (26) are provided on the pressing chamber (19). Multiple support columns (27) are provided on the outer periphery of the feeding chamber (20).

5. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The discharge port of the crushing chamber (15) is also equipped with a filter screen (28) to prevent too much incompletely crushed flaky material from entering the first conveying channel (11).

6. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The crushing chamber (15) is also provided with three guide plates. The first air outlet (16) is located at the bottom of the crushing chamber (15). The guide plate corresponding to the first air outlet (16) is named the first guide plate (29). The first guide plate (29) is a concave arc shape. The guide plate above the first guide plate (29) is named the second guide plate (30). The second guide plate (30) is triangular. The guide plate above the first air outlet (16) used to bounce the material ejected by the second crushing mechanism (2) back to the second crushing mechanism (2) is named the third guide plate (31).

7. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A baffle (32) is also provided between the first crushing mechanism (1) and the second air outlet (17).

8. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The feed inlet (14) is provided with a louvered door. The door consists of a frame (33), multiple louvered blades (34) that are equidistantly connected to the door, and a drive mechanism that drives each louvered blade (34) to swing. The drive mechanism consists of a cylinder fixed on the frame (33) and a rack that moves back and forth along the edge of the frame (33). The cylinder drives the rack to move. One end of each louvered blade (34) is fixed with a gear, and the rack meshes with each gear.

9. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the first chamber (8) is also provided with a feeding port (35), which is provided in relation to the first crushing mechanism (1).

10. The fully enclosed automated biomass pellet processing equipment as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The output mechanism (7) is a vibrating screen that is inclined downwards, and a conveyor belt for outputting the crushed particles is also provided below the vibrating screen.

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