A method of operating a fixed-bucket metallurgical skip

Abstract

This invention discloses a working method for a fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip. Based on this fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip, the skip includes a frame with a main suspension beam at the top, a tail rope beam and a material chute at the bottom, and guide clips on both sides; a bucket box, fixedly installed between the side plates of the frame, with a ramp at its rear bottom end; and a gate assembly, rotatably connected to the bucket box and the side plates of the frame via a hinge shaft, including an arc-shaped bottom plate and two side fan-shaped baffles; each of the two side fan-shaped baffles has an unloading roller on its lower outer side; under no external force, the gate is closed by its own weight. This invention's working method for the fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip further improves the reliability and safety of the metallurgical skip, reduces its weight, and lowers operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metallurgical mining hoisting machinery and equipment, specifically a fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip and its working method, suitable for vertical hoisting and transportation of bulk materials in mining, metallurgy and other industries. Background Technology

[0002] Metallurgical skips are key hoisting equipment used to transport underground ore and waste rock to the surface. Currently, metallurgical skips are mainly divided into two categories: tipping skips and bottom-discharge skips. Both types of skips are movable bucket box skips.

[0003] In the existing technology, the traditional movable bucket-type skip has the following drawbacks: 1. The unloading drive guide wheel and safety lock hook are integrated into one unit and located on the side of the bucket, which results in concentrated stress on the component and severe wear and tear. 2. If the installation space is too tight, stones may accumulate, affecting safety and reliability; 3. When a large-section, large-volume skip uses a bottom support roller and curved track structure, the unloading trajectory is restricted, making it difficult to meet the unloading design requirements for deep well hoisting. 4. During unloading, the bucket box and the gate move simultaneously, resulting in high opening and closing resistance. At the same time, there is a gap between the bucket box and the frame, which can easily cause ore to get stuck. This can prevent the bucket box and the gate from closing reliably, leading to the failure of the safety lock and causing the skip to open unexpectedly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a working method for a fixed-bucket metallurgical skip. Compared to existing movable-bucket skips, this fixed-bucket metallurgical skip working method offers advantages such as high reliability, high safety, and light weight.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A working method for a fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip, based on a fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip, the fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip comprising: The frame has a main suspension beam at the top, a tail rope beam and a chute at the bottom, and guide clips on both sides. The bucket is fixedly installed between the side panels of the frame, and its rear bottom end is provided with a ramp; The gate assembly is rotatably connected to the bucket box and the side plates of the frame via a hinge shaft. It includes an arc-shaped bottom plate and two fan-shaped baffles on both sides, which together form an arc-shaped bottom gate. Each of the lower outer sides of the fan-shaped baffles is provided with an unloading roller. Without the action of external force, the gate is closed by its own weight. Includes the following steps, S1, Unloading Phase: The skip moves upward to the unloading point, where an unloading mechanism is arranged. The unloading mechanism is equipped with an unloading guide rail for the unloading rollers on the gate assembly to be guided. The unloading mechanism pulls the unloading guide rail, thereby causing the unloading rollers and the gate assembly to open outward. The material in the bucket slides out along the bucket slope and the bottom of the bucket, and is unloaded in a directional manner through the material chute at the bottom of the frame. S2, Reset Phase: After unloading, the unloading mechanism pushes the gate to close. When the skip descends, the unloading roller disengages from the unloading guide rail, and the gate remains closed due to its own weight. S3, Loading Phase: As the skip descends to the loading point, a limiting mechanism is installed at the loading point. This limiting mechanism works with the unloading rollers to press and limit the gate assembly located at the loading point to the closed state. During loading, the gate remains closed despite the impact force of the ore. S4. After loading is completed, the skip moves upward and the unloading rollers disengage from the limit mechanism.

[0006] Beneficial effects: Compared with existing movable bucket-type skips, the present invention has the following technical advantages: First, the fixed bucket box is an integrated structure. The bucket box and the frame are fixed together by welding / bolts, eliminating the traditional movable bucket box design, reducing the weight, increasing the structural strength, and avoiding the problem of ore getting stuck in the gap between the bucket box and the frame.

[0007] Second, the gate unloading mechanism is optimized with unloading rollers and unloading mechanism drive: the unloading rollers are fixed on both sides of the gate, and the gate opening and closing is controlled by the external unloading mechanism pulling the unloading rail. It is not a bucket box movement, the trajectory is simple, the opening and closing resistance is small, and the impact on the derrick is reduced.

[0008] Third, self-weight interlocking + limit device: When the gate is closed, it relies on its own weight and the gate limit device to achieve self-locking, eliminating the need for an independent locking mechanism and improving safety and reliability.

[0009] Fourth, loading limit protection: a limit mechanism is set at the loading point to press down the unloading rollers and prevent the ore from falling and impacting the gate, causing it to open accidentally.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the unloading mechanism includes a linear drive unit and an unloading guide rail. The main body of the linear drive unit is connected to a first rigid bracket at the unloading point via a first hinge support. The drive end of the linear drive unit is hinged to the unloading guide rail. The upper end of the unloading guide rail is connected to a second rigid bracket at the unloading point via a second hinge support. In the non-unloading state, the unloading guide rail is parallel to the lifting direction.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the inclination angle of the chute is not less than 45 degrees.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the limiting mechanism is a limiting guide rail arranged at the loading point, and the limiting guide rail is installed parallel to the lifting direction.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the bottom two side plates of the bucket are arc-shaped, so that the bottom end of the bucket forms a converging flared opening facing the outlet.

[0014] Beneficial effects: A material chute is provided on the rear side of the hopper, forming a converging funnel mouth to guide the material for directional unloading.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the arc-shaped bottom plate of the gate assembly is sealed with the arc-shaped side plates and ramps on both sides of the bottom of the hopper box; the inner side of the gate is provided with counterweights and reinforcing ribs.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The arc-shaped bottom plate structure is more resistant to impact and less prone to deformation than the flat plate structure when loading materials; the arc-shaped bottom plate is sealed with the arc-shaped side plates and slopes on both sides of the bottom of the hopper, and the use of arc surfaces ensures that the gate does not interfere with the mating surfaces when it rotates to open and close.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, the axis of the unloading roller is parallel to the rotation axis of the gate and is located below the center of gravity of the gate.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the gate limiting device is a mechanical stop or a limiting pin, which restricts the gate closing position.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the top of the frame is provided with a maintenance canopy, which includes a square frame and a conical top. The angle of inclination of the conical top is greater than the ore repose angle, which is used for personnel protection during maintenance and to protect the suspension device from falling rock impacts.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, a gate limiting device is provided at the connection between the lower opening of the hopper and the chute of the frame, which is used to limit the closing position of the gate when the gate is closed. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Overall structural diagram of the winnowing basket; The components include: 1. Frame; 1-1. Material chute; 2. Hopper box assembly; 2-1. Inclined ramp; 3. Gate; 4. Unloading roller; 5. Gate limit device; 6. Safety canopy; 7. Loading port. Figure 2 : Figure 1 Side view; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the gate assembly structure; Among them, 3-1, gate baffle; 3-2, arc-shaped bottom plate; 3-3, counterweight; 3-4, reinforcing rib; Figure 4 : Figure 3Side view; Among them, 3-5, hinge shaft; Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the gate assembly opening process when the skip is at the unloading point; Among them, 8 is the linear drive unit; 9 is the unloading guide rail; Figure 6 : A structural diagram of the skip when it is at the loading point; Among them, 10 is the limit guide rail.

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism; Figure 8 : Figure 7 AA section view; Figure 9 : Figure 7 BB cross-sectional view. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Equivalent changes or substitutions in function, method, or structure made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present invention illustrates a specific embodiment of a working method for a fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip.

[0025] A working method for a fixed-bucket metallurgical skip, based on a fixed-bucket metallurgical skip, the fixed-bucket metallurgical skip comprising the following core components: 1. Frame components: A rigid frame made of steel plates and profiles bears the lifting load of the entire skip; The frame has a main suspension beam with pin holes on the upper plate and a tail rope beam on the lower plate. All components are connected and welded together by high-strength bolts. Guide clips are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the frame to ensure stable guidance during the lifting process. A material chute is provided at the bottom of the frame.

[0026] 2. Drawer box assembly: Located between the side panels of the frame, it is made into a rectangular cylindrical structure and is connected to the frame by welding or bolting to form an integral structure. The rear bottom of the hopper has a ramp, forming a converging flared structure facing the outlet. The lower part of the bottom two side panels has an arc-shaped structure.

[0027] 3. Gate assembly: The gate is located at the bottom of the hopper box and is connected to the hopper box and the frame side plate by a rotating hinge. The bottom of the gate is provided with an arc-shaped bottom plate, and there are fan-shaped baffles on both sides, which are arranged parallel to the frame side plate and together form an arc-shaped bottom gate.

[0028] 4. Unload the scroll wheel: There are two unloading rollers, which are fixed to the lower outer side of the fan-shaped baffles on both sides of the gate.

[0029] 5. Gate limit device: The gate limit device is installed at the connection between the lower opening of the hopper and the frame chute, and is used to limit the gate when it is closed.

[0030] 6. Safety protection structure The top of the frame is equipped with a maintenance canopy, which consists of a square frame and a conical top, and is used for personnel protection during maintenance and to protect the suspension device from falling rocks.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the frame 1 and the hopper box 2 are connected by welding or bolts to form a rectangular box frame structure. The upper side is provided with a loading port 7, the lower side of the hopper box 2 has an arc-shaped discharge port, and the bottom of the opposite hopper is provided with a ramp 2-1, forming a converging funnel-shaped structure facing the outlet direction. The lower part of the bottom two side plates is an arc structure.

[0032] Gate 3 is located at the bottom of the hopper box and is connected to the hopper box and the frame side plates via a rotating hinge. Gate 3 has an arc-shaped bottom plate 3-2 at its bottom and fan-shaped plates on both sides, arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the frame side plates. The arc-shaped bottom plate 3-2 cooperates with the lower arc-shaped side plates of the hopper box, the front plate of the hopper box, and the opening of the ramp 2-1 to form a sealing structure. Without external force, gate 3 is in the closed state due to its own weight and the interaction of the gate limiting device.

[0033] The unloading rollers consist of two parts, which are fixed to the outer sides of the two side plates of the gate.

[0034] The safety canopy can be fixed to the top of the frame by bolts or welding. It consists of a square frame and a conical top and is used for personnel protection during maintenance and to protect the suspension device from falling rocks.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the gate and unloading rollers. The counterweight 3-3 in the diagram can ensure that the gate has a certain preload when it is closed to prevent the gate from opening accidentally. The reinforcing rib 3-4, the hinge shaft 3-5, and the unloading roller 4 are fixed to the lower outer side of the two side plates of the gate by welding or bolting.

[0036] like Figure 5The diagram shows the unloading process of the skip when it is at the unloading point. When the skip's upward unloading roller enters the unloading guide rail of the unloading device and reaches the unloading point, the skip stops running, the unloading device opens the gate, and after unloading is completed, the unloading device pushes the gate back. The unloading guide rail of the unloading device is in a vertical state, and the skip can operate normally.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, when the skip descends to the loading point, the limit guide rail 10 can press down the unloading roller, which can prevent the ore from breaking open the gate when loading material into the skip.

[0038] The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip of the present invention includes the following steps: S1, Unloading Phase: The skip moves upward to the unloading point, where an unloading mechanism is arranged. The unloading mechanism is equipped with an unloading guide rail for the unloading rollers on the gate assembly to be guided. The unloading mechanism pulls the unloading guide rail, thereby causing the unloading rollers and the gate assembly to open outward. The material in the bucket slides out along the bucket slope and the bottom of the bucket, and is unloaded in a directional manner through the material chute at the bottom of the frame. S2, Reset Phase: After unloading, the unloading mechanism pushes the gate to close. When the skip descends, the unloading roller disengages from the unloading guide rail, and the gate remains closed due to its own weight. S3, Loading Phase: As the skip descends to the loading point, a limiting mechanism is installed at the loading point. This limiting mechanism works with the unloading rollers to press and limit the gate assembly located at the loading point to the closed state. During loading, the gate remains closed despite the impact force of the ore. S4. After loading is completed, the skip moves upward and the unloading rollers disengage from the limit mechanism.

[0039] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A working method for a fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip, based on a fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip, wherein the fixed-bucket type metallurgical skip comprises: The frame has a main suspension beam at the top, a tail rope beam and a chute at the bottom, and guide clips on both sides; a hopper box is fixedly installed between the side plates of the frame, and a ramp is provided at its rear bottom end; a gate assembly is rotatably connected to the hopper box and the side plates of the frame via a hinge shaft, including an arc-shaped bottom plate and two fan-shaped baffles on both sides, which together form an arc-shaped bottom gate; each of the lower outer sides of the two fan-shaped baffles is provided with an unloading roller, and the gate is closed by its own weight when no external force is applied; the feature is that it includes the following steps: S1. Unloading stage: The skip moves up to the unloading point, where an unloading mechanism is arranged. The unloading mechanism is equipped with an unloading guide rail for the unloading rollers on the gate assembly to be guided. The unloading mechanism pulls the unloading guide rail, thereby causing the unloading rollers and the gate assembly to open outward. The material in the bucket slides out along the bucket slope and the bottom of the bucket, and is unloaded in a directional manner through the material chute at the bottom of the frame. S2, Reset Phase: After unloading, the unloading mechanism pushes the gate to close. When the skip descends, the unloading roller disengages from the unloading guide rail, and the gate remains closed due to its own weight. S3. Loading stage: The skip descends to the loading point, where a limiting mechanism is installed. The limiting mechanism can cooperate with the unloading rollers to press and limit the gate assembly placed at the loading point to the closed state; during loading, the gate remains closed despite the impact force of the ore. S4. After loading is completed, the skip moves upward and the unloading rollers disengage from the limit mechanism; The unloading mechanism includes a linear drive unit and an unloading guide rail. The main body of the linear drive unit is connected to a first rigid bracket at the unloading point via a first hinge support. The drive end of the linear drive unit is hinged to the unloading guide rail. The upper end of the unloading guide rail is connected to a second rigid bracket at the unloading point via a second hinge support. In the non-unloading state, the unloading guide rail is parallel to the lifting direction. The axis of the unloading roller is parallel to the rotation axis of the gate and is located below the center of gravity of the gate.

2. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the chute is not less than 45 degrees.

3. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism is a limiting guide rail arranged at the loading point, and the limiting guide rail is installed parallel to the lifting direction.

4. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom two side plates of the bucket are arc-shaped, so that the bottom end of the bucket forms a converging flared opening facing the outlet.

5. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped bottom plate of the gate assembly is sealed with the arc-shaped side plates and ramps on both sides of the bottom of the hopper box; the inner side of the gate is provided with counterweights and reinforcing ribs.

6. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the frame is equipped with a maintenance canopy, which includes a square frame and a conical top. The angle of inclination of the conical top is greater than the ore repose angle, which is used for personnel protection during maintenance and to protect the suspension device from falling rock impacts.

7. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower opening of the hopper is connected to the material chute of the frame, and a gate limiting device is provided to limit the closing position of the gate when it is closed.

8. The working method of the fixed bucket box type metallurgical skip according to claim 7, characterized in that, The gate limiting device is a mechanical block or a limiting pin, which restricts the gate's closing position.

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