Experimental device and method for detecting frictional wear and leakage of radial sealing ring

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental device and method for frictional wear and leakage detection of a radial sealing ring. The experimental device comprises a rack structure used for carrying and supporting the whole experimental device; a rotation driving device used for providing rotation power is inversely installed on the inner top of a first clamping plate of the rack structure. A sleeve shaft is installed at the power output end of the rotary driving device and connected with a shaft of a leakage detection device used for detecting leakage of the sealing ring. The bottom end of the leakage detection device is fixedly installed on the top of a sealing pressure applying device used for applying pressure. The sealing pressure applying device is fixed to the top of a base of the rack structure. A rotating speed measuring device used for measuring the rotating speed and a torque measuring device used for measuring the torque are installed between the sleeve shaft and the rack structure. The experimental device is suitable for performing multi-parameter synchronous monitoring and quantitative evaluation on the leakage rate, the loading capacity and the dynamic sealing characteristic of the rotating shaft system sealing ring under the condition of simulating the actual working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical seal performance testing, and in particular to an experimental device and method for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial seal ring. Background Art

[0002] O-rings, due to their simple structure, easy assembly and disassembly, and high cost-effectiveness, are widely used in end-face sealing and axial sealing applications across various types of machinery and equipment. They play a particularly critical role in marine equipment. They are applicable across a wide range of operating conditions, including rotational and axial reciprocating motion, and offer excellent sealing compatibility with liquid media such as water. In rotating machinery, the dynamic sealing performance of O-rings directly determines equipment reliability. Current testing technologies are limited: mainstream static pressurization methods or cutting sampling analysis cannot replicate actual combined stress conditions, particularly the simultaneous application of axial sealing pressure and rotational motion. Monitoring is also imprecise, relying on qualitative methods such as visual detection of leaking droplets or color change on test paper. These methods lack the ability to quantitatively monitor leak rate and seal interface pressure in real time, making it impossible to capture transient failure processes. Seal failure in high-pressure marine environments can directly lead to equipment downtime (e.g., deep-sea motor burnout), toxic media leaks (electrolyte / aviation fuel), and even major safety incidents (e.g., nuclear coolant leaks). During the operation of the mechanical seal, the auxiliary sealing O-ring between the moving shaft and the sleeve generates friction due to axial vibration. The friction acts on the sealing ring, causing the closing force of the sealing end face to fluctuate, which ultimately affects the stability of the mechanical seal. Understanding the friction characteristics of the O-ring is of great significance to the stability of the mechanical seal. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device and method for friction, wear and leakage detection of radial sealing rings. This experimental device is suitable for multi-parameter synchronous monitoring and quantitative evaluation of the leakage amount, pressure bearing capacity and dynamic sealing characteristics of rotating shaft system sealing rings under simulated actual working conditions.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: an experimental device for friction, wear and leakage detection of radial sealing rings, including a frame structure for carrying and supporting the entire experimental device; a rotary drive device for providing rotational power is invertedly installed on the inner top of the first clamping plate of the frame structure; a sleeve shaft is installed at the power output end of the rotary drive device, and the sleeve shaft is connected to the shaft of a leakage detection device for detecting sealing ring leakage; the bottom end of the leakage detection device is fixedly installed on the top of a sealing pressure device for applying pressure; the sealing pressure device is fixed to the top of the base of the frame structure; a speed measuring device for measuring the speed and a torque measuring device for measuring the torque are installed between the sleeve shaft and the frame structure.

[0005] Preferably, the frame structure includes a base, a third plywood is fixed to the top of the base via a plurality of columns, and a first plywood of the second plywood is fixed to the top of the third plywood in sequence via a plurality of columns.

[0006] Preferably, the rotary drive device comprises a rotary motor fixed between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and the output shaft of the rotary motor passes through the second clamping plate and is mounted with a sleeve shaft via a coupling.

[0007] Preferably, the speed measuring device comprises a gear sleeved on the outside of the sleeve shaft, the gear cooperates with a Hall effect gear speed sensor to monitor the speed of the sleeve shaft, and the Hall effect gear speed sensor is fixedly mounted on the frame structure through a cross bar.

[0008] Preferably, the torque measuring device includes a torque meter mounted on a sleeve shaft, the torque meter is connected to the frame structure via screws and brackets, and the friction force is calculated according to the torque value.

[0009] Preferably, the leakage detection device includes a shaft cylinder, a through hole is processed on the bottom of the shaft cylinder, the part where the through hole is located is fixedly connected to the shaft cylinder seat of the sealing pressure device by multiple long bolts, the interior of the shaft cylinder is installed with a shaft through a sliding fit, the outside of the shaft and the sliding fit section of the shaft cylinder are fitted with a sealing ring to be detected, the sealing cavity formed by the shaft cylinder and the shaft contains a liquid medium, the sealing cavity is connected to an exhaust valve, and the sealing cavity is connected to a measuring cylinder; an annular cavity is provided on the top of the shaft cylinder, and a cylindrical pin hole and a trimming pin hole are provided at the bottom end of the shaft cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the upper section of the shaft is symmetrically machined with cut surfaces on both sides, and the cut surfaces cooperate with the inner cut surfaces inside the sleeve shaft to transmit torque.

[0011] Preferably, during the experiment, if the liquid medium is a non-aqueous medium, the leakage amount is recorded by observing the change of the water level through a graduated cylinder; If the liquid medium is water, anhydrous copper sulfate is placed in the annular cavity, and whether there is liquid leakage is determined by observing whether the anhydrous copper sulfate changes color.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing pressure device includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is fixed to the top of the base. The top of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed with a U-shaped seat through a fixing nut. A tension and compression sensor is hingedly installed on the U-shaped seat through a hinge bolt and a nut. The top of the tension and compression sensor is fixedly installed with a shaft cylinder seat. The top of the shaft cylinder seat is provided with a cylindrical pin and a trimming pin, which respectively cooperate with the cylindrical pin hole and the trimming pin hole.

[0013] Preferably, another aspect of the present invention provides an experimental method for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring. The experimental method is implemented using the experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring, and comprises the following steps: Step 1, assembly of the rack structure: Pre-assembled rack structure; Step 2: Installation of sealing pressure device: Install the sealing pressure device on the frame structure accordingly; Step 3, installation of leak detection device: The leakage detection device is fixedly mounted on the top of the sealing pressure device, and a preset volume of liquid medium is injected into the leakage detection device; the sealing ring to be tested is sleeved on the preset sealing position of the shaft; the shaft is inserted into the sleeve shaft, and the top end of the shaft is connected with the sleeve shaft to achieve torque transmission; Step 4: Installation of torque measuring device and speed measuring device: A torque measuring device and a speed measuring device are arranged and installed between the sleeve shaft and the frame structure to collect torque values ​​and speed data in real time during the experiment; Step 5, coaxiality adjustment: Adjust the hydraulic cylinder, shaft barrel, shaft barrel seat, rotating motor, sleeve shaft and shaft to a coaxial state; drive the hydraulic cylinder to push the shaft barrel seat to move along the axis until the reading of the tension and compression sensor reaches the preset pressure value of the experiment; during this process, exhaust the gas in the shaft barrel through the exhaust valve; Step 6: Start the rotating motor of the rotating drive device to perform a sealing performance test.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes composite parameter control of axial pressure and rotation speed through cylinder thrust loading and motor rotation drive, simulates real working conditions, and uses a measuring cylinder and anhydrous copper sulfate to detect the time and amount of leakage.

[0015] 2. The present invention can detect the friction and wear of the sealing ring during movement, the sealing characteristics, and the relationship between the sealing characteristics of the sealing ring and the sealing pressure, the type of sealing medium, and the compression rate of the sealing ring, thereby providing data for studying the impact of the friction characteristics of the sealing ring on the sealing stability of the mechanical seal, which is of great significance for extending the service life of the mechanical seal.

[0016] 3. The present invention can be used to support and fix the entire experimental device through the above-mentioned frame structure.

[0017] 4. The rotary drive device can be used to provide rotational power during the test.

[0018] 5. The above-mentioned speed measuring device can be used to monitor the speed during the experiment.

[0019] 6. The torque measuring device can be used to monitor the torque value. The torque value can be known through the torque meter, and then the friction force can be calculated.

[0020] 7. The leakage detection device can be used to detect the leakage of the sealing ring during the experiment.

[0021] 8. The sealed pressure device can be used to apply pressure during the experiment and monitor the pressure through the tension and compression sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device of the present invention from the first perspective.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device of the present invention from the second perspective.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the main view of the overall structure of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the rotary drive device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is the front view of the rotary drive device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is the front view of the measuring cylinder-less leakage detection device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 AA view of the leak detection device.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the measuring cylinder-less leakage detection device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a bottom view of the leakage detection device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a front view of a measuring cylinder type leakage detection device according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 BB view of a graduated cylinder type leak detection device.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the measuring cylinder type leakage detection device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the torque measuring device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the speed measuring device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the sealing pressure device of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: a rotary drive device 1, a leakage detection device 2, a sealing pressure device 3, a torque measuring device 4, a speed measuring device 5, and a frame structure 6; Rotating motor 101, coupling 102, sleeve shaft 103; Shaft 201, exhaust valve 202, shaft cylinder 203, long bolt 204, measuring cylinder 205, sealing ring 206, cylindrical pin hole 207, through hole 208, trimming pin hole 209, anhydrous copper sulfate 210, liquid medium 211, annular cavity 212, and cut surface 213; Axle cylinder seat 301, tension and compression sensor 302, U-shaped seat 303, hydraulic cylinder 304, fixing nut 305, hinge bolt 306, cylindrical pin 307, trimming pin 308, threaded hole 309, nut 310; Torque meter 401, bracket 402, screw 403; Gear 501, Hall effect gear speed sensor 502, crossbar 503; A first clamping plate 601 , a second clamping plate 602 , a third clamping plate 603 , and a base 604 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1: See also Figure 1-16, an experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring, comprising a frame structure 6 for carrying and supporting the entire experimental device; a rotary drive device 1 for providing rotational power is invertedly installed on the inner top of a first clamping plate 601 of the frame structure 6; a sleeve shaft 103 is installed at the power output end of the rotary drive device 1, and the sleeve shaft 103 is connected to the shaft 201 of a leakage detection device 2 for detecting sealing ring leakage; the bottom end of the leakage detection device 2 is fixedly installed on the top of a sealing pressure device 3 for applying pressure; the sealing pressure device 3 is fixed to the top of a base 604 of the frame structure 6; a speed measuring device 5 for measuring the speed and a torque measuring device 4 for measuring the torque are installed between the sleeve shaft 103 and the frame structure 6. By using the aforementioned experimental setup, a cylinder and a rotating motor are employed to simulate the combined working conditions of the sealing ring. Initial assembly is performed: the sealing ring is placed on the rotating shaft at a preset position. The shaft engages the sleeve through a cross-section structure to transmit torque. A liquid medium is injected into the shaft barrel and then fixed to the shaft barrel seat. Combined loading: the cylinder pushes the shaft barrel seat axially, and a tension and compression sensor determines whether the sealing pressure has reached the set value. The rotary drive is then activated to drive the shaft system to the target speed. Simultaneous monitoring: the sealing pressure is collected in real time by the tension and compression sensor, the speed is recorded by a Hall effect gear speed sensor, and the shaft torque is measured by a torque meter to calculate friction. Two alternative sealing detection devices are available: one with a graduated cylinder and one without a graduated cylinder and with anhydrous copper sulfate. These devices are suitable for different applications. If the liquid medium is not water, the graduated cylinder can be used to observe the water level change and record the amount of liquid medium leakage. If the liquid medium is water, the color change of the anhydrous copper sulfate can be used to detect liquid leakage.

[0042] Furthermore, the frame structure 6 includes a base 604, a third plate 603 is fixed to the top of the base 604 via multiple columns, and a first plate 601 of the second plate 602 is fixed to the top of the third plate 603 via multiple columns. The frame structure 6 can be used to support and fix the entire experimental device.

[0043] Furthermore, the rotary drive device 1 includes a rotary motor 101 secured between a first clamping plate 601 and a second clamping plate 602. The output shaft of the rotary motor 101 passes through the second clamping plate 602 and is attached to a sleeve shaft 103 via a coupling 102. The rotary drive device 1 can be used to provide rotational power during testing. During operation, the rotary motor 101 drives the sleeve shaft 103, which in turn rotates the connected shaft 201.

[0044] Furthermore, the speed measuring device 5 includes a gear 501 mounted on the exterior of the sleeve shaft 103. The gear 501 cooperates with a Hall-effect gear speed sensor 502 to monitor the speed of the sleeve shaft 103. The Hall-effect gear speed sensor 502 is fixedly mounted to the frame structure 6 via a crossbar 503. The speed measuring device 5 can be used to monitor the speed during experiments. During the experiment, as the gear 501 rotates, the Hall-effect gear speed sensor 502 corresponding to the gear 501 can monitor the speed and adjust the speed of the motor 101 to achieve different speeds.

[0045] Furthermore, the torque measuring device 4 includes a torque meter 401 mounted on the sleeve 103. The torque meter 401 is connected to the frame structure 6 via screws 403 and brackets 402. The torque meter 401 calculates friction based on the torque value. The torque measuring device 4 can be used to monitor torque values. The torque meter 401 can determine the torque value, and thus calculate friction.

[0046] Furthermore, the leakage detection device 2 includes a shaft cylinder 203 with a through hole 208 machined into its bottom. The portion where the through hole 208 is located is fixedly connected to the shaft cylinder seat 301 of the sealing pressure device 3 via multiple long bolts 204. A shaft 201 is mounted inside the shaft cylinder 203 in a sliding fit. A sealing ring 206 to be tested is mounted on the outside of the shaft 201 and in a sliding fit with the shaft cylinder 203. A liquid medium 211 is contained within the sealed cavity formed by the shaft cylinder 203 and the shaft 201. The sealed cavity is connected to an exhaust valve 202 and a measuring cylinder 205. An annular cavity 212 is provided at the top of the shaft cylinder 203, and a cylindrical pin hole 207 and a trimming pin hole 209 are provided at the bottom of the shaft cylinder 203. The leakage detection device 2 can be used to detect sealing ring leaks during experiments. Under the sealing pressure applied by the cylinder 304 of the driving device, the shaft cylinder 203 can move along the axis. During the movement of the shaft cylinder 203, the gas inside it and the gas in the liquid medium 211 can be discharged through the exhaust valve 202. Two replacement devices are provided for different locations: one with a graduated cylinder 205 and one without a graduated cylinder 205 but with anhydrous copper sulfate 210. If the liquid medium 211 is water, the change in water level in the graduated cylinder 205 can be observed to record the amount of liquid medium 211 leakage. If the liquid medium 211 is water, the color change of the anhydrous copper sulfate 210 can be used to detect liquid leakage.

[0047] Furthermore, the upper portion of the shaft 201 is symmetrically machined with cut surfaces 213, which cooperate with the inner cut surface of the sleeve shaft 103 to transmit torque. The shaft 201 and the sleeve 103 are matched by their own structural cut surfaces to transmit rotational motion.

[0048] Furthermore, during the experiment, if the liquid medium 211 is a non-aqueous medium, the leakage amount is recorded by observing the change in the water level in the graduated cylinder 205. If the liquid medium 211 is an aqueous medium, anhydrous copper sulfate 210 is placed in the annular cavity 212 and the presence of liquid leakage is determined by observing whether the anhydrous copper sulfate 210 changes color. The above structure can adapt to different types of liquid media.

[0049] Furthermore, the sealing pressure device 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder 304, which is fixed to the top of the base 604. The top of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 304 is fixedly mounted to a U-shaped seat 303 via a fixing nut 305. A tension and compression sensor 302 is hingedly mounted on the U-shaped seat 303 via a hinge bolt 306 and a nut 310. The top of the tension and compression sensor 302 is fixedly mounted to the shaft cylinder seat 301. The top of the shaft cylinder seat 301 is provided with a cylindrical pin 307 and a trimming pin 308. The cylindrical pin 307 and the trimming pin 308 respectively cooperate with the cylindrical pin hole 207 and the trimming pin hole 209. The sealing pressure device 3 can be used to apply pressure during the experiment and monitor the pressure via the tension and compression sensor 302.

[0050] By placing the liquid medium 211 in the shaft cylinder 203 first, and then obtaining the force F through the value of the tension and compression sensor 302, the corresponding sealing pressure can be obtained by calculating P=F / S, where S is the sealing area.

[0051] Example 2: Another aspect of the present invention provides an experimental method for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring, comprising the following steps: Step 1, assembly of the frame structure 6: Pre-assembled rack structure 6; Step 2, installation of the sealing pressure device 3: The sealing pressure device 3 is correspondingly installed on the frame structure 6; Step 3, installation of the leak detection device 2: The leakage detection device 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the sealing pressure device 3, and a preset volume of liquid medium 211 is injected into the leakage detection device 2; the sealing ring 206 to be tested is mounted on the preset sealing position of the shaft 201; the shaft 201 is inserted into the sleeve shaft 103, and the top end of the shaft 201 is connected to the sleeve shaft 103 to achieve torque transmission; Step 4: Installation of the torque measuring device 4 and the speed measuring device 5: A torque measuring device 4 and a speed measuring device 5 are arranged and installed between the sleeve shaft 103 and the frame structure 6 to collect torque values ​​and speed data in real time during the experiment; Step 5, coaxiality adjustment: Adjust the hydraulic cylinder 304, shaft cylinder 203, shaft cylinder seat 301, rotary motor 101, sleeve shaft 103 and shaft 201 to the coaxial state; drive the hydraulic cylinder 304 to push the shaft cylinder seat 203 to move along the axis until the reading of the tension sensor 303 reaches the preset pressure value of the experiment; in this process, the gas in the shaft cylinder 203 is discharged through the exhaust valve 202; Step 6, start the rotary motor 101 of the rotary drive device 1 to conduct a sealing performance experiment.

[0052] Example 3: An experimental method for detecting the friction and wear of a radial seal ring and leakage, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Fix the base 604 under the third clamping plate 603, and make the base 604 bear the hydraulic cylinder 304; pass the hydraulic cylinder shaft through the U-shaped seat 303 and the fixed nut 305 in turn, and lock and fix the hydraulic cylinder shaft through the fixed nut 305; Step 2: Connect the U-shaped seat 303 with one end of the tension sensor 302 through the hinge bolt 306 and the nut 310; connect the other end of the tension sensor 302 to the shaft cylinder seat 301; inject a preset volume of liquid medium 211 into the shaft cylinder 203; Step 3: The shaft cylinder 203 is positioned by a cylindrical positioning pin 307 and a trimming pin 308 located on the shaft cylinder seat 301, and is fixedly connected to the shaft cylinder seat 307 through six long bolts 204; Step 4: Fix the rotary motor 101 between the first clamping plate 601 and the second clamping plate 602; connect the output shaft of the rotary motor 101 with the sleeve shaft 103 through the shaft coupling 102 to realize the transmission of rotary motion; Step 5: Fit the seal ring 206 to the preset sealing position of the shaft 201; insert the shaft 201 into the sleeve shaft 103, and realize the torque transmission through the cooperation of the two parallel sections on the outer surface of the shaft 201 and the corresponding sections in the inner hole of the sleeve shaft 103; Step 6: Install the gear 501 on the surface of the sleeve shaft 103; make the detection end of the Hall effect gear speed sensor 502 face the gear 501 to collect the speed data in real time; fit the torque meter 401 on the sleeve shaft 103 and support and fix it by the bracket 402 and the screw 403, and record the torque value through the torque meter 401 Step 7: Adjust the hydraulic cylinder 304, shaft cylinder 203, shaft cylinder seat 301, rotary motor 101, sleeve shaft 103 and shaft 201 to the coaxial state; drive the hydraulic cylinder 304 to push the shaft cylinder seat 203 to move along the axis until the reading of the tension sensor 303 reaches the preset pressure value of the experiment; in this process, the gas in the shaft cylinder 203 is discharged through the exhaust valve 202; Step 8: Start the rotary motor 101 to conduct a sealing performance experiment.

Claims

1. An experimental device for friction, wear and leakage detection of radial sealing rings, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame structure (6) for carrying and supporting the entire experimental device; a rotation drive device (1) for providing rotational power is invertedly installed on the inner top of the first clamping plate (601) of the frame structure (6); a sleeve shaft (103) is installed at the power output end of the rotation drive device (1), and the sleeve shaft (103) is connected to the shaft (201) of the leakage detection device (2) for detecting leakage of the sealing ring; the bottom end of the leakage detection device (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing pressure device (3) for applying pressure; the sealing pressure device (3) is fixed on the top of the base (604) of the frame structure (6); a speed measuring device (5) for measuring the speed and a torque measuring device (4) for measuring the torque are installed between the sleeve shaft (103) and the frame structure (6).

2. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame structure (6) comprises a base (604), a third clamping plate (603) is fixed to the top of the base (604) via a plurality of columns, and a first clamping plate (601) of a second clamping plate (602) is fixed to the top of the third clamping plate (603) in sequence via a plurality of columns.

3. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary drive device (1) comprises a rotary motor (101) fixed between a first clamping plate (601) and a second clamping plate (602); an output shaft of the rotary motor (101) passes through the second clamping plate (602) and is mounted with a sleeve shaft (103) via a coupling (102).

4. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of radial sealing rings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed measuring device (5) comprises a gear (501) sleeved on the outside of the sleeve shaft (103), the gear (501) cooperates with a Hall effect gear speed sensor (502) to monitor the rotation speed of the sleeve shaft (103), and the Hall effect gear speed sensor (502) is fixedly mounted on the frame structure (6) via a crossbar (503).

5. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque measuring device (4) includes a torque meter (401) mounted on a sleeve shaft (103). The torque meter (401) is connected to the frame structure (6) via screws (403) and brackets (402), and calculates friction force using the torque value.

6. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of a radial sealing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage detection device (2) includes a shaft cylinder (203), a through hole (208) is machined on the bottom of the shaft cylinder (203), and the portion where the through hole (208) is located is fixedly connected to the shaft cylinder seat (301) of the sealing pressure device (3) through multiple long bolts (204); the interior of the shaft cylinder (203) is installed with a shaft (201) by sliding fit, and the exterior of the shaft (201) and the sliding fit section of the shaft cylinder (203) are provided with a sealing ring (206) to be detected; a liquid medium (211) is contained in a sealed cavity formed by the shaft cylinder (203) and the shaft (201), an exhaust valve (202) is connected to the sealed cavity, and a measuring cylinder (205) is connected to the sealed cavity; an annular cavity (212) is provided on the top of the shaft cylinder (203), and a cylindrical pin hole (207) and a trimming pin hole (209) are provided at the bottom of the shaft cylinder (203).

7. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of radial sealing rings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper section of the shaft (201) is symmetrically machined with cut surfaces (213) on both sides, and the cut surfaces cooperate with the inner cut surfaces inside the sleeve shaft (103) to transmit torque.

8. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of radial sealing rings according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the experiment, if the liquid medium (211) is a non-aqueous medium, the leakage amount is recorded by observing the change of the water level through the measuring cylinder (205); If the liquid medium (211) is an aqueous medium, anhydrous copper sulfate (210) is placed inside the annular cavity (212), and whether the anhydrous copper sulfate (210) changes color is observed to determine whether there is liquid leakage.

9. The experimental device for detecting friction, wear and leakage of radial sealing rings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing pressure device (3) includes a hydraulic cylinder (304), which is fixed to the top of the base (604). The top end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (304) is fixedly mounted with a U-shaped seat (303) via a fixing nut (305). A tension and compression sensor (302) is hingedly mounted on the U-shaped seat (303) via a hinge bolt (306) and a nut (310). The top end of the tension and compression sensor (302) is fixedly mounted with a shaft cylinder seat (301). The top end of the shaft cylinder seat (301) is provided with a cylindrical pin (307) and a trimming pin (308). The cylindrical pin (307) and the trimming pin (308) respectively cooperate with the cylindrical pin hole (207) and the trimming pin hole (209).

10. An experimental method for detecting friction, wear and leakage of radial sealing rings, characterized in that: The experimental method is implemented using the experimental device for friction, wear and leakage detection of a radial sealing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step 1, assembly of the frame structure (6): Pre-assembled rack structure (6); Step 2, installation of the sealing pressure device (3): The sealing pressure device (3) is mounted on the frame structure (6); Step 3, installation of the leak detection device (2): The leakage detection device (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the sealing pressure device (3), and a preset volume of liquid medium (211) is injected into the interior of the leakage detection device (2); the sealing ring (206) to be detected is sleeved on the preset sealing position of the shaft (201); the shaft (201) is inserted into the sleeve shaft (103), and the top end of the shaft (201) is connected to the sleeve shaft (103) to achieve torque transmission; Step 4, installation of torque measuring device (4) and speed measuring device (5): A torque measuring device (4) and a speed measuring device (5) are arranged and installed between the sleeve shaft (103) and the frame structure (6) to collect torque values ​​and speed data in real time during the experiment; Step 5, coaxiality adjustment: Adjust the hydraulic cylinder (304), the shaft cylinder (203), the shaft cylinder seat (301), the rotating motor (101), the sleeve shaft (103) and the shaft (201) to a coaxial state; drive the hydraulic cylinder (304) to push the shaft cylinder seat (203) to move along the axis until the reading of the tension and compression sensor (303) reaches the experimental preset pressure value; during this process, exhaust the gas in the shaft cylinder (203) through the exhaust valve (202); Step 6: Start the rotary motor (101) of the rotary drive device (1) to perform a sealing performance test.

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