Road maintenance quality tracing system, method and equipment based on block chain, and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a road maintenance quality tracing system and method based on a block chain, equipment and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of road maintenance management. The block chain storage module encrypts the acquired maintenance operation data and uploads the data to a block chain network; the intelligent contract execution module executes an intelligent contract with a preset quality standard, and executes compliance quality verification on the maintenance operation data; the authority management module distributes different data access authorities to different user roles; the information query and tracing module responds to a real-time query request of the user and traces the maintenance operation data and the quality verification data within the permission range of the user role; and the multi-party cooperative management module performs data sharing and cooperative work among maintenance parties of a maintenance company, a supervision mechanism and a government administration department. According to the invention, whole-process monitoring, data safety, quality control and traceability of the road maintenance process are realized through the block chain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of highway maintenance management technology, and specifically relates to a blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system, method, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] Highway maintenance is crucial for ensuring road safety and smooth traffic flow, yet traditional maintenance methods present numerous challenges. First, traditional highway maintenance relies on manual record-keeping and centralized management. Data is susceptible to human manipulation, making it difficult to ensure the integrity, accuracy, and timeliness of maintenance information. For example, critical data from maintenance operations may be untraceable due to incomplete records or tampering, hindering the oversight and management of maintenance quality. Second, centralized database storage poses risks of data tampering, loss, and security risks, making it difficult to meet the data security and reliability requirements of highway maintenance. Furthermore, maintenance data is dispersed across various systems and devices, creating significant information silos. This makes it difficult for managers to achieve unified data aggregation and analysis, reducing decision-making efficiency. Finally, traditional quality control relies on manual inspections and oversight, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also susceptible to subjective factors, making it difficult to detect and address quality issues in a timely manner.

[0003] The development of blockchain, with its decentralized, tamper-proof, and transparent features, offers new solutions for highway maintenance and management. Blockchain technology can ensure data authenticity and integrity, enable automated control through smart contracts, and break down information silos through multi-party collaborative management. However, a mature and systematic solution for applying blockchain to highway maintenance quality traceability is currently lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system, comprising: The data collection module collects maintenance operation data in real time through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site; the maintenance operation data includes the operator, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage; The blockchain storage module encrypts the collected maintenance operation data and uploads it to the blockchain network, generating data blocks. The generated data blocks are then formed into a chain structure using a hash algorithm. The smart contract execution module will execute the smart contract with preset quality standards, perform quality verification on the maintenance operation data for compliance, and confirm the completion of the maintenance task when it is compliant. If it is not compliant, it will initiate exception processing; Permission management module, which assigns different data access permissions to different user roles; The information query and traceability module responds to users' real-time query requests and traces maintenance operation data and quality verification data within the scope of the user's role authority; The multi-party collaborative management module enables data sharing and collaboration among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

[0005] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes edge processors, IoT sensors, and smart terminal devices deployed at the maintenance site; IoT sensors include GPS devices, smart cameras, and RFID readers. The GPS device is used to obtain the work location, the smart camera is used to capture on-site work videos, and the RFID reader is used to identify maintenance materials with RFID tags. The intelligent terminal equipment is equipped with a biometric recognition unit to authenticate the operator's identity; The edge processor is connected to IoT sensors and smart terminal devices to obtain information about operators, operation locations, operation videos, and maintenance materials. It determines the usage of maintenance materials through operation videos, generates maintenance operation data, and signs the operation and maintenance data using a private key.

[0006] Furthermore, the blockchain storage module includes: Data encryption unit, which encrypts the transmitted and stored maintenance operation data using the AES encryption algorithm; A data block generation unit, in response to the received maintenance operation data, generates a block body including the operator, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage, and generates a block header including the previous block hash value, the current block hash value, a timestamp, and a random number; The blockchain storage unit generates a chain structure from the block body and block header data blocks through the block hash value, completing the storage of maintenance operation data on the blockchain; Data verification unit verifies the validity of newly generated blocks through the consensus mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the smart contract execution module includes: The quality verification contract execution unit verifies the material usage threshold and operation time standard through the preset quality standards; The automatic settlement contract execution unit triggers the payment process after quality verification and compliance, and completes payment to the maintenance operator according to the agreed payment standards; The exception handling contract execution unit generates a record containing a timestamp and non-compliance description when quality verification fails to comply with regulations.

[0008] Furthermore, the rights management module includes: Identity authentication unit, which authenticates users based on blockchain digital identity; Role permission configuration unit, which configures different data operation permissions for maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments; A dynamic access control unit checks user permission status in real time through a smart contract; An operation audit unit records permission changes and maintenance operation data access on the blockchain.

[0009] Further, the information query and traceability module includes: A query request receiving unit responds to a user's query request for matching combinations of operation time range, geographic area, and maintenance materials; A blockchain verification unit, after executing the query request, compares the hash value recorded in the block header on the blockchain to verify the authenticity of the returned maintenance operation data; An operation data traceability unit establishes a four-dimensional association index of operation personnel, operation time, operation location, and maintenance materials for the maintenance operation data stored on the blockchain, responds to the operation records of the target operation personnel and the associated maintenance materials, responds to the maintenance operation list for a set period of time, responds to the maintenance operation within a set range of geographic coordinates, and responds to all operation points of the maintenance materials with a set material batch number; A quality verification traceability unit binds the quality verification contract execution result with the original maintenance operation data, responds to the traceability of compliant operations, and responds to the rectification traceability of non-compliant operations.

[0010] Further, the multi-party collaboration module includes: A task collaboration unit, in which a maintenance company submits a maintenance plan to a regulatory agency and a government department for approval, and the maintenance company decomposes the approved maintenance plan into maintenance tasks and automatically assigns the maintenance tasks to the nearest operation personnel based on GPS positioning; A data sharing unit, in which maintenance operation data is shared hierarchically among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments according to corresponding permissions.

[0011] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a highway maintenance quality traceability method based on a blockchain, including the following steps: S1. Real-time collection of maintenance operation data through Internet of Things devices deployed at the maintenance site, including operation personnel, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage; S2. Encryption of the collected maintenance operation data and uploading to a blockchain network to generate data blocks and form a chain structure through a hash algorithm; S3. Execution of compliance quality verification of the maintenance operation data through a smart contract with a preset quality standard, confirmation of completion of the maintenance task when compliant, and initiation of exception handling when not compliant; S4. Allocation of different data access permissions to different user roles, response to real-time query requests of users within the permission range, and traceability of maintenance operation data and quality verification data; S5. Data sharing and collaboration between maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

[0012] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method for tracing the quality of highway maintenance based on a block chain according to the second aspect when executing the program.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executable on a processor to implement the steps of the method for tracing the quality of highway maintenance based on a block chain according to the second aspect.

[0014] From the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages: The highway maintenance quality tracing system, method, device and medium based on a block chain provided by the present application improve the transparency, quality and efficiency of highway maintenance management, reduce the management cost, enhance the traceability of the maintenance process, improve the effect of the highway maintenance industry, and realize the whole-process monitoring, data security, quality control and responsibility tracing of the highway maintenance process, by virtue of the decentralized, tamper-proof and transparent characteristics of the block chain, combined with the intelligent contract and multi-party collaborative management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings needed in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 The flowchart of the highway maintenance quality tracing system based on a block chain of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the method for tracing the quality of highway maintenance based on a block chain of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In the following, the highway maintenance quality tracing system based on a block chain will be described in detail, and various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described more fully. The present disclosure can have various embodiments, and adjustments and changes can be made therein. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit various embodiments of the present disclosure to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but the present disclosure should be understood to cover all adjustments, equivalents and / or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] For example, highway maintenance plays a vital role in ensuring road safety and smooth traffic. However, the existing traditional highway maintenance model presents a series of urgent problems. First, traditional maintenance methods rely primarily on manual record-keeping and centralized management, making data highly susceptible to human interference and failing to effectively guarantee the integrity, accuracy, and real-time nature of maintenance information. For example, during maintenance operations, critical data may be difficult to trace due to incomplete records or tampering, which undoubtedly has a negative impact on maintenance quality monitoring and management decision-making. Second, centralized database storage methods have numerous drawbacks, such as data tampering and loss, and security risks, making it difficult to meet the stringent data security and reliability requirements of highway maintenance. Furthermore, maintenance data is stored in disparate systems and devices, creating a prominent information silo phenomenon. This makes it difficult for managers to consolidate and analyze data, thereby reducing decision-making efficiency. Furthermore, traditional quality control relies primarily on manual inspections and oversight, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also susceptible to subjective factors, making it difficult to detect and address quality issues in a timely manner.

[0020] However, the continuous development of blockchain technology, with its decentralized, tamper-proof, and highly transparent characteristics, has brought new solutions to highway maintenance and management. Blockchain can effectively ensure the authenticity and integrity of data, enable automated control through smart contracts, and leverage multi-party collaborative management to break down information silos, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of highway maintenance and management. Despite this, a mature and systematic solution for applying blockchain technology to highway maintenance quality traceability has yet to emerge.

[0021] To address the above issues, this embodiment provides a blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system that integrates blockchain, IoT devices, smart contracts, and multi-party collaborative management to improve the efficiency and quality of highway maintenance management.

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system in a specific embodiment. The system includes: The data collection module collects maintenance operation data in real time through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site; the maintenance operation data includes the operator, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage; It should be noted that the real-time collection of maintenance operation data through IoT devices ensures the real-time and accuracy of the data. The collected data includes the operator, operation location, operation time and maintenance material usage, ensuring the integrity of the data. This reduces the errors caused by manual recording and improves the efficiency of data collection. The blockchain storage module encrypts the collected maintenance operation data and uploads it to the blockchain network, generating data blocks. The generated data blocks are then formed into a chain structure using a hash algorithm. It should be noted that encryption and hashing algorithms ensure the immutability and security of data; the decentralized nature of blockchain ensures data transparency and facilitates multi-party verification; the chain structure ensures data traceability and facilitates subsequent audits and inspections; The smart contract execution module will execute the smart contract with preset quality standards, perform quality verification on the maintenance operation data for compliance, and confirm the completion of the maintenance task when it is compliant. If it is not compliant, it will initiate exception processing; It should be noted that the automatic execution of quality verification through smart contracts reduces manual intervention and improves the efficiency and accuracy of quality control. Exception handling is immediately initiated in the event of non-compliance, ensuring that quality issues can be discovered and handled in a timely manner. Permission management module, which assigns different data access permissions to different user roles; It should be noted that by assigning different data access permissions to different user roles, data privacy and security are ensured; strict data access control mechanisms ensure the compliance of the system; The information query and traceability module responds to users' real-time query requests and traces maintenance operation data and quality verification data within the scope of the user's role authority; It should be noted that it responds to users' real-time query requests and provides efficient data query services; it realizes comprehensive traceability of maintenance operation data and provides support for quality traceability and accountability; Multi-party collaborative management module, which enables data sharing and collaboration among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments; It should be noted that breaking down information silos enables data sharing among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies and government departments; and improving the efficiency of multi-party collaborative work through task allocation and progress tracking functions.

[0024] This embodiment uses blockchain, IoT devices, smart contracts, and multi-party collaborative management to achieve comprehensive data traceability of the maintenance process, improve the transparency and traceability of maintenance quality, reduce management costs, and enhance highway maintenance efficiency and collaborative effects.

[0025] Furthermore, as a refinement and expansion of the specific implementation of the above embodiment, in order to fully illustrate the specific implementation process in this embodiment, another blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system is provided, which includes: The data acquisition module collects maintenance operation data in real time through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site. The maintenance operation data includes operator, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage. The data acquisition module includes edge processors, IoT sensors, and smart terminal devices deployed at the maintenance site. IoT sensors include GPS devices, smart cameras, and RFID readers. The GPS device is used to obtain the work location, the smart camera is used to capture on-site work videos, and the RFID reader is used to identify maintenance materials with RFID tags. The intelligent terminal equipment is equipped with a biometric recognition unit to authenticate the operator's identity; The edge processor is connected to IoT sensors and smart terminal devices to obtain information about operators, locations, operation videos, and maintenance materials. It uses the operation videos to determine the use of maintenance materials, generates maintenance operation data, and signs the operation and maintenance data using a private key. It should be noted that the data acquisition modules of edge processors, IoT sensors, and smart terminal devices improve the system's operability and practicality. Multiple sensors and biometric recognition units ensure the reliability of data and the accuracy of operator identities. The use of private keys to sign maintenance operation data further enhances the data's credibility and immutability. The blockchain storage module encrypts the collected maintenance operation data and uploads it to the blockchain network to generate data blocks. The generated data blocks are then chained together using a hash algorithm. The blockchain storage module includes: Data encryption unit, which encrypts the transmitted and stored maintenance operation data using the AES encryption algorithm; A data block generation unit, in response to the received maintenance operation data, generates a block body including the operator, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage, and generates a block header including the previous block hash value, the current block hash value, a timestamp, and a random number; The blockchain storage unit generates a chain structure from the block body and block header data blocks through the block hash value, completing the storage of maintenance operation data on the blockchain; Data verification unit, which verifies the validity of newly generated blocks through the consensus mechanism; It should be noted that the data is encrypted by the AES encryption algorithm to ensure the security of the data during transmission and storage; the generation and storage process of the data block ensures the integrity and tamper resistance of the data; the validity of the newly generated block is verified through the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency and security of the blockchain network; The smart contract execution module will execute the smart contract that meets the preset quality standard, perform quality verification on the maintenance operation data, and confirm the completion of the maintenance task when it is compliant, and start exception handling when it is not compliant; the smart contract execution module includes: The quality verification contract execution unit verifies the material usage threshold and operation time standard through the preset quality standard; The automatic settlement contract execution unit triggers the payment process after the quality verification is compliant and completes the payment to the maintenance operation unit according to the agreed payment standard; The exception handling contract execution unit generates a record containing a timestamp and a non-compliant description when the quality verification is not compliant; It should be noted that the maintenance operation data is verified through the preset quality standard to ensure that the quality of the maintenance operation meets the requirements; the payment process is automatically triggered after the quality verification is compliant, improving the efficiency and transparency of the payment; detailed exception records are generated when the quality verification is not compliant, facilitating subsequent rectification and traceability; The permission management module assigns different data access permissions to different user roles; the permission management module includes: The identity authentication unit authenticates the user based on the blockchain digital identity; The role permission configuration unit configures different data operation permissions for maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments respectively; The dynamic access control unit verifies the user permission status in real time through the smart contract; The operation audit unit records the permission changes and maintenance operation data access on the blockchain; It should be noted that the user is authenticated based on the blockchain digital identity to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the user's identity; different data operation permissions are configured for different user roles to ensure the security and compliance of the system; the user permission status is verified in real time through the smart contract to ensure the dynamic and flexible nature of the permission management; the permission changes and data access are recorded on the blockchain for subsequent audit and traceability; The information query and traceability module responds to real-time query requests from users and traces the maintenance operation data and quality verification data within the permission scope of the user role; the information query and traceability module includes: The query request receiving unit responds to the user's query request according to the operation time range, geographical area, and maintenance material matching combination; The blockchain verification unit, after executing the query request, compares the hash value recorded on the block header on the blockchain to verify the authenticity of the returned maintenance operation data; The operation data tracing unit establishes a four-dimensional correlation index of operator, operation time, operation location and maintenance materials for the maintenance operation data stored on the blockchain. It can trace the operation records and related maintenance materials of the target operator, the maintenance operation list of the set time period, the maintenance operation within the set geographical coordinate range, and all operation points of the maintenance materials with the set material batch number. The quality verification and traceability unit binds the quality verification contract execution results with the original maintenance operation data, responds to the traceability of compliant operations, and responds to the rectification and traceability of non-compliant operations; It should be noted that by responding to user query requests based on a combination of multiple conditions, flexible query services are provided; by comparing hash values ​​on the blockchain, the authenticity of the returned data is verified to ensure the reliability of the query results; through four-dimensional correlation indexing, comprehensive traceability of maintenance operation data is achieved, providing support for quality traceability and accountability; The multi-party collaborative management module enables data sharing and collaboration among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments. The multi-party collaborative module includes: Task coordination unit: Maintenance companies submit maintenance plans to regulatory agencies and government departments for approval step by step. The maintenance companies then break down approved maintenance plans into maintenance tasks and automatically assign maintenance tasks to the nearest operators based on GPS positioning. The data sharing unit shares maintenance operation data hierarchically with maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments according to their corresponding authority; It should be noted that task collaboration can be achieved between maintenance companies, regulatory agencies and government departments to improve work efficiency; data sharing can be carried out in a hierarchical manner according to different permissions to ensure data security and availability.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the following is an embodiment of the highway maintenance quality tracing method based on blockchain provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. This method and the highway maintenance quality tracing system based on blockchain in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. For details not fully described in the embodiment of the highway maintenance quality tracing method based on blockchain, please refer to the embodiment of the highway maintenance quality tracing system based on blockchain.

[0027] The method comprises the following steps: S1. Real-time collection of maintenance operation data through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site. The maintenance operation data includes operators, operation locations, operation times, and maintenance material usage; S2. Encrypt the collected maintenance data and upload it to the blockchain network to generate data blocks. This data blocks are then linked together using a hashing algorithm to form a chain structure. S3. Compliance quality verification of maintenance operation data is performed through smart contracts with preset quality standards. If compliance is achieved, the maintenance task is confirmed as completed, and if non-compliance is achieved, exception handling is initiated. S4. Assign different data access permissions to different user roles, respond to real-time query requests within the user's permission range, and trace maintenance operation data and quality verification data; S5. Share data and collaborate among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

[0028] For example, a highway maintenance quality traceability system needs to record maintenance data, including operator, location, time, and material usage. The following steps are used to demonstrate the generation of data blocks and the formation of a chain structure: Data collection: The system collects the following maintenance operation data: Operator: A Work location: XX Expressway **1 section Operation time: 2024-06-24 10:00:00 Maintenance material: 100kg asphalt Data preprocessing: Format the collected data to generate a data structure, such as JSON format: JSON copy { "Operator": "A", "Work Location": "XX Expressway **1 Section", "Operation Time": "2024-06-24 10:00:00", "Maintenance Material": "Asphalt 100kg" } Data encryption: Use the SHA-256 hash algorithm to hash the data and generate a unique hash value. Assume the hash value is: Hash value: a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6 Generate data block: Taking the first block in the system (first block) as an example, its structure is as follows: First block Block header: Previous block hash value: 0 (the first block has no previous block) Current block hash value: a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6 Timestamp: 2024-06-24 10:00:00 Random number: 12345 Block body: Maintenance operation data: JSON { "Operator": "A", "Work Location": "XX Expressway **1 Section", "Operation Time": "2024-06-24 10:00:00", "Maintenance Material": "Asphalt 100kg" } Add a second block The system has collected new maintenance operation data: Operator: B Work location: XX Expressway Section 2 Operation time: 2024-06-24 11:00:00 Curing material: 50kg cement Data preprocessing Format the new data as JSON: JSON { "Operator": "B", "Work Location": "XX Expressway Section 2", "Operation Time": "2024-06-24 11:00:00", "Maintenance material": "50kg cement" } Data encryption: Hash the new data to generate a hash value: Hash value: b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6a Generate the second block Block header: Previous block hash: a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6 (the hash value of the first block) Current block hash value: b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6a Timestamp: 2024-06-24 11:00:00 Random number: 67890 Block body: Maintenance operation data: JSON { "Operator": "B", "Work Location": "XX Expressway Section 2", "Operation Time": "2024-06-24 11:00:00", "Maintenance material": "50kg cement" } Formation of chain structure: Now, there are two blocks, linked together by hash values, forming a chain structure: First block -> Block 2 The specific structure is as follows: First block Block header: Previous block hash: 0 Current block hash value: a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6 Timestamp: 2024-06-24 10:00:00 Random number: 12345 Block body: JSON { "Operator": " A ", "Work Location": "XX Expressway **1 Section", "Operation Time": "2024-06-24 10:00:00", "Maintenance Material": "Asphalt 100kg" } Block 2 Block header: Previous block hash: a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6 Current block hash value: b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k1l2m3n4o5p6q7r8s9t0u1v2w3x4y5z6a Timestamp: 2024-06-24 11:00:00 Random number: 67890 Block body: JSON { "Operator": " B ", "Work Location": "XX Expressway Section 2", "Operation Time": "2024-06-24 11:00:00", "Maintenance material": "50kg cement" } This embodiment uses blockchain and the Internet of Things to achieve real-time collection and encrypted storage of maintenance data, automatically verify quality through smart contracts, and collaborate with multiple parties to share data, thereby improving transparency, traceability, and collaborative efficiency, and ensuring the quality of highway maintenance.

[0029] Furthermore, as a refinement and expansion of the specific implementation of the above embodiment, in order to fully illustrate the specific implementation process in this embodiment, another blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability method is provided, which includes the following steps: S1. Real-time collection of maintenance operation data through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site. The maintenance operation data includes operators, operation locations, operation times, and maintenance material usage; S2. Encrypt the collected maintenance data and upload it to the blockchain network to generate data blocks. This data blocks are then linked together using a hashing algorithm to form a chain structure. S3. Compliance quality verification of maintenance operation data is performed through smart contracts with preset quality standards. If compliance is achieved, the maintenance task is confirmed as completed, and if non-compliance is achieved, exception handling is initiated. S4. Assign different data access permissions to different user roles, respond to real-time query requests within the user's permission range, and trace maintenance operation data and quality verification data; S5. Share data and collaborate among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

[0030] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] The blockchain-based highway maintenance quality tracing method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to electronic devices. Those skilled in the art will understand that the electronic device structure involved in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, and the electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange components differently. In the embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device includes but is not limited to a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a workbench, a personal digital assistant, a server, a blade server, a mainframe computer, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the embodiments of the present application described and / or required herein.

[0032] The electronic device may include a processor, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a charging management module, a power management module, a battery, a wireless communication module, an audio module, a speaker, a microphone, a sensor module, a button, a camera, a display, and a SIM card interface, etc.

[0033] It is understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute specific limitations on the electronic device. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine or separate certain components, or arrange the components differently. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0034] The processor can include one or more processing units, such as: the processor can include a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc. Among them, different processing units can be independent devices, or can be integrated in one or more processors.

[0035] The processor can be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device. The controller can generate operation control signals according to instruction operation codes and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

[0036] The memory can also be provided in the processor for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor is a cache memory. The memory can save instructions or data that the processor has just used or repeatedly uses. If the processor needs to use the instructions or data again, it can be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access and reduces the waiting time of the processor, thereby improving system efficiency.

[0037] The electronic device realizes the highway maintenance quality traceability method based on the blockchain. The method realizes real-time collection of maintenance operation data by deploying Internet of Things devices at the maintenance site. The maintenance operation data includes operation personnel, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage. The collected maintenance operation data is encrypted and uploaded to a blockchain network to generate data blocks. The generated data blocks are formed into a chain structure through a hash algorithm. The smart contract of the preset quality standard is used to perform compliance quality verification on the maintenance operation data. When the compliance is confirmed, the maintenance task is completed. When the compliance is not confirmed, abnormal processing is started. Different data access permissions are allocated to different user roles. Real-time query requests of users within the permission range are responded to. The maintenance operation data and quality verification data are traced. The technical solution of data sharing and collaborative work between maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments improves the efficiency and quality of highway maintenance management.

[0038] In the storage medium provided in the present application, a program product capable of realizing the highway maintenance quality traceability method based on the blockchain is stored.

[0039] The blockchain-based road maintenance quality traceability method comprises: collecting maintenance operation data in real time through an Internet of Things device deployed at a maintenance site, the maintenance operation data comprising an operation personnel, an operation site, an operation time, and a maintenance material usage; uploading the collected maintenance operation data to a blockchain network after encryption, generating a data block, and forming a chain structure through a hash algorithm; performing compliance quality verification on the maintenance operation data through a preset quality standard smart contract, confirming completion of the maintenance task when compliant, and starting abnormal processing when not compliant; assigning different data access permissions to different user roles, responding to real-time query requests of the user within the permission range, and tracing the maintenance operation data and quality verification data; and sharing and cooperating data among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

[0040] In some possible implementation manners, the blockchain-based road maintenance quality traceability method of the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of a program product, which comprises program codes for causing a terminal device to perform the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the above “Exemplary Method” section of the present specification when the program product is run on the terminal device.

[0041] The storage medium of the present disclosure can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may, for example, be but is not limited to an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or component, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disc, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0042] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A highway maintenance quality traceability system based on blockchain, characterized by: include: The data collection module collects maintenance operation data in real time through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site; The maintenance operation data includes the operating personnel, operation location, operation time and maintenance material usage; The blockchain storage module encrypts the collected maintenance operation data and uploads it to the blockchain network, generating data blocks. The generated data blocks are then formed into a chain structure using a hash algorithm. The smart contract execution module will execute the smart contract with preset quality standards, perform quality verification on the maintenance operation data for compliance, and confirm the completion of the maintenance task when it is compliant. If it is not compliant, it will initiate exception processing; Permission management module, which assigns different data access permissions to different user roles; The information query and traceability module responds to users' real-time query requests and traces maintenance operation data and quality verification data within the scope of the user's role authority; The multi-party collaborative management module enables data sharing and collaboration among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

2. The highway maintenance quality traceability system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes edge processors, IoT sensors, and smart terminal devices deployed at the maintenance site; IoT sensors include GPS devices, smart cameras, and RFID readers. The GPS device is used to obtain the work location, the smart camera is used to capture on-site work videos, and the RFID reader is used to identify maintenance materials with RFID tags. The intelligent terminal equipment is equipped with a biometric recognition unit to authenticate the operator's identity; The edge processor is connected to IoT sensors and smart terminal devices to obtain information about operators, operation locations, operation videos, and maintenance materials. It determines the usage of maintenance materials through operation videos, generates maintenance operation data, and signs the operation and maintenance data using a private key.

3. The highway maintenance quality traceability system based on blockchain according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The blockchain storage module includes: Data encryption unit, which encrypts the transmitted and stored maintenance operation data using the AES encryption algorithm; A data block generation unit, in response to the received maintenance operation data, generates a block body including the operator, operation location, operation time, and maintenance material usage, and generates a block header including the previous block hash value, the current block hash value, a timestamp, and a random number; The blockchain storage unit generates a chain structure from the block body and block header data blocks through the block hash value, completing the storage of maintenance operation data on the blockchain; Data verification unit verifies the validity of newly generated blocks through the consensus mechanism.

4. The blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The smart contract execution module includes: The quality verification contract execution unit verifies the material usage threshold and operation time standard through the preset quality standards; The automatic settlement contract execution unit triggers the payment process after quality verification and compliance, and completes payment to the maintenance operator according to the agreed payment standards; The exception handling contract execution unit generates a record containing a timestamp and non-compliance description when quality verification fails to comply with regulations.

5. The blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rights management module includes: Identity authentication unit, which authenticates users based on blockchain digital identity; Role permission configuration unit, which configures different data operation permissions for maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments; Dynamic access control unit, which verifies user permission status in real time through smart contracts; The operation audit unit records permission changes and maintenance operation data access records on the blockchain.

6. The blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The information query and traceability module includes: A query request receiving unit responds to user query requests based on operation time range, geographical area, and maintenance material matching combination; The blockchain verification unit, after executing the query request, compares the hash value recorded on the block header on the blockchain to verify the authenticity of the returned maintenance operation data; The operation data tracing unit establishes a four-dimensional correlation index of operator, operation time, operation location and maintenance materials for the maintenance operation data stored on the blockchain. It can trace the operation records and related maintenance materials of the target operator, the maintenance operation list of the set time period, the maintenance operation within the set geographical coordinate range, and all operation points of the maintenance materials with the set material batch number. The quality verification and traceability unit binds the quality verification contract execution results with the original maintenance operation data, responds to the traceability of compliant operations, and responds to the rectification and traceability of non-compliant operations.

7. The blockchain-based highway maintenance quality traceability system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The multi-party collaboration module includes: Task coordination unit: Maintenance companies submit maintenance plans to regulatory agencies and government departments for approval step by step. The maintenance companies then break down approved maintenance plans into maintenance tasks and automatically assign maintenance tasks to the nearest operators based on GPS positioning. The data sharing unit will share maintenance operation data in a hierarchical manner with maintenance companies, regulatory agencies and government departments according to corresponding authority.

8. A highway maintenance quality tracing method based on blockchain, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Real-time collection of maintenance operation data through IoT devices deployed at the maintenance site. The maintenance operation data includes operators, operation locations, operation times, and maintenance material usage; S2. Encrypt the collected maintenance data and upload it to the blockchain network to generate data blocks. This data blocks are then linked together using a hashing algorithm to form a chain structure. S3. Compliance quality verification of maintenance operation data is performed through smart contracts with preset quality standards. If compliance is achieved, the maintenance task is confirmed as completed, and if non-compliance is achieved, exception handling is initiated. S4. Assign different data access permissions to different user roles, respond to real-time query requests within the user's permission range, and trace maintenance operation data and quality verification data; S5. Share data and collaborate among maintenance companies, regulatory agencies, and government departments.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of the highway maintenance quality traceability method based on blockchain as claimed in claim 8 are implemented.

10. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the highway maintenance quality tracing method based on blockchain as claimed in claim 8 are implemented.

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