A device and its operating method for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

Abstract

This invention relates to a device and its operating method for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system. The invention aims to reduce the internal resistance of the microbial fuel cell, lower construction costs, reduce operating costs, and improve the treatment efficiency for recalcitrant pollutants such as sulfonamide antibiotics, making it suitable for large-scale wastewater treatment. The coupled system consists of a primary and tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor connected in series with a secondary bioreactor constructed wetland corridor. The water flow follows an S-shaped push-flow pattern, with the direction switched via a semi-cylindrical connection, forming a multi-corridor configuration. This achieves the tiered removal of recalcitrant antibiotic organic pollutants, laying a theoretical foundation for the efficient removal of antibiotics in wastewater treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically relating to a device and its working method for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system. Background Technology

[0002] Sulfonamide antibiotics, as the earliest synthesized broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, have been widely used in livestock and aquaculture due to their significant advantages of low cost and broad antibacterial spectrum. However, the absorption and utilization rate of these antibiotics in organisms is extremely low. Most of the unabsorbed sulfonamide antibiotics enter the natural environment through rainwater runoff and surface runoff, causing serious ecotoxicity to ecosystems and potentially accelerating the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes. More alarmingly, sulfonamide antibiotics accumulate in the food chain, ultimately posing a potential threat to human health. Therefore, developing efficient technologies for removing sulfonamide antibiotics has become a crucial issue that urgently needs to be addressed to ensure the safety of the natural environment, prevent the spread of resistance genes, and avoid their accumulation in the food chain.

[0003] In existing wastewater treatment technologies, urban wastewater treatment systems, due to their fixed and immovable nature, have significant limitations in treating sulfonamide antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole, which are widely distributed in nature, making comprehensive and effective treatment difficult. While wastewater treatment technologies such as anaerobic constructed wetlands, which can independently adapt to the natural environment, can treat wastewater to some extent, their removal efficiency for sulfonamide antibiotics is low, and they may stimulate the proliferation of drug-resistant microorganisms during treatment, further exacerbating environmental risks. Laboratory-level wastewater treatment technologies, such as advanced oxidation and electrochemistry, can show some treatment effects under specific conditions, but their reliance on large amounts of chemical reagents leads to high treatment costs, and they may also produce toxic byproducts. These limitations make them unsuitable for practical treatment of sulfamethoxazole and other sulfonamide antibiotic wastewater.

[0004] Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), as an emerging wastewater treatment technology, combine the advantages of biological and electrochemical methods. They utilize the metabolic activities of microorganisms to catalytically oxidize organic waste, converting chemical energy into electrical energy. Simultaneously, they stimulate electroactive microorganisms to enhance the catalytic oxidation of organic waste, demonstrating the potential for simultaneous power generation in the treatment of sulfonamide antibiotic wastewater, thus promising to achieve the dual goals of wastewater treatment and energy conversion. However, traditional microbial fuel cells have a key drawback: they require the use of ion exchange membranes, which prevents them from operating independently in natural environments, significantly limiting their practical applications.

[0005] Constructed wetlands, as a mature wastewater treatment technology, can independently adapt to the natural environment. Their core lies in simulating the functions of natural wetlands through an artificially constructed ternary synergistic system of "matrix-plants-microorganisms." The system's operating mechanism can be divided into three layers: the physical interception layer, composed of porous matrices such as zeolite, gravel, and biochar, removes suspended solids from wastewater through surface adsorption and pore interception; the biochemical reaction layer contains emergent plants such as reeds and cattails, utilizing the oxygen secretion from plant roots to create an aerobic / anoxic microenvironment, promoting the coupling of nitrification and denitrification processes, thereby achieving nitrogen removal; and the microbial metabolic layer consists of biofilms attached to the matrix surface, degrading organic pollutants through extracellular respiration, co-metabolism, and other pathways.

[0006] In summary, a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system was designed. Technically, it utilizes the anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction characteristics of microbial fuel cells. Livestock wastewater containing highly toxic antibiotics enters the reaction system. Microorganisms use organic pollutants in the wastewater as the anodic carbon source, undergoing an oxidation reaction to generate electrons and protons. These electrons and protons are transferred to the cathode, where an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs, achieving the oxidation-reduction degradation and detoxification of antibiotics. Plants in the constructed wetland secrete rhizosphere exudates, providing carbon sources and enzymes for the microorganisms, promoting their function within the microbial fuel cell. The bioreactor acts as a system toxicity buffer module, enabling the degradation of high-concentration, highly toxic antibiotics, reducing the harm of antibiotics to plants in the constructed wetland, lowering system toxicity, and accelerating the mineralization of low-concentration, low-toxic antibiotics, increasing plant growth and absorption, and improving system efficiency. The corridor design allows for multi-stage treatment, with water flowing through the corridors in a push-flow manner, enabling the cascade utilization and detoxification of pollutants, further facilitating the formation of functional microbial communities and effectively leveraging biodegradation. In terms of system configuration innovation, the modular unit design of constructed wetlands and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) complement each other technologically. While microbial fuel cells offer advantages such as in-situ power generation and efficient electron transfer, their large-scale application is limited by electrode spacing. When the anode of an MFC is embedded in the anaerobic zone at the bottom of the constructed wetland, and the cathode is placed in the surface oxidation zone, the unique hydraulic gradient of the constructed wetland can naturally form a proton migration channel. Its unique layered structure effectively expands the effective space of the MFC, providing a possibility to overcome the limitations of traditional MFCs. Simultaneously, the introduction of biological pond technology into the wastewater treatment complex system, with its unique biological buffering and toxicity reduction mechanisms, can significantly improve the system's tolerance and treatment capacity.

[0007] This device can comprehensively utilize the synergistic effect of "plant-microorganism-electrocatalysis" and adopt a multi-level corridor cascade degradation and transformation to achieve the cascade stage removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants while reducing operating costs and improving the treatment efficiency of recalcitrant pollutants such as sulfonamide antibiotics. It is suitable for large-scale wastewater treatment and lays the technical theoretical foundation for the efficient removal of antibiotics from livestock wastewater and wastewater reuse. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to reduce the internal resistance of microbial fuel cells, lower the cost and operating costs, and improve the treatment efficiency for recalcitrant pollutants such as sulfonamide antibiotics, making it suitable for large-scale wastewater treatment. This invention provides a device and its operating method for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0009] The device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-channel constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system consists of a primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor, a secondary biopond constructed wetland corridor, and a tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor. The primary, secondary, and tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridors are connected in series, with an S-shaped flow path and the flow direction is switched through a semi-cylindrical connection.

[0010] The operating method of the device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system is carried out according to the following steps:

[0011] 1. Start up and run the device with an external 1000Ω resistor connected.

[0012] II. A peristaltic pump pumps sulfamethoxazole wastewater into the primary inlet at a hydraulic retention time of 36 hours. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the substrate layer, anode layer, anode-cathode spacer layer, cathode layer, and wetland layer of the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor. It is then fed into the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor through the primary outlet and secondary inlet, flowing from bottom to top and from right to left through the secondary substrate layer, biological layer, and secondary wetland layer. Finally, it is fed into the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor through the secondary outlet and tertiary inlet, flowing from bottom to top and from left to right through the substrate layer, anode layer, anode-cathode spacer layer, cathode layer, and wetland layer of the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor, and finally discharged through the tertiary outlet.

[0013] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0014] Multi-stage corridor design: This design enables the primary corridor to withstand and significantly degrade high-concentration, recalcitrant pollutants, acting as pretreatment within the reactor to reduce pollutant concentration and toxicity to the entire system. The secondary corridor completely degrades remaining pollutants and begins mineralizing intermediate products from the primary corridor. Furthermore, the secondary corridor further enhances the primary corridor's tolerance and degradation of high-concentration pollutants, improving the overall degradation efficiency of the reactor. The tertiary corridor thoroughly mineralizes high-concentration pollutants, reinforcing the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants. This multi-stage corridor design also enlarges the structure of the microbial fuel cell, strengthens the foundation for coupling microbial fuel cells with technologies such as constructed wetlands, and increases the practical applicability of this technology.

[0015] Technology-coupled design: The reactor first uses a microbial fuel cell with strong degradation performance to perform preliminary degradation of high-concentration, highly toxic, and recalcitrant pollutants, achieving a significant reduction in concentration and toxicity. Then, constructed wetland technology absorbs and degrades the intermediate products generated during degradation. At the same time, the root secretions of the constructed wetland generate electron mediators and transport oxygen to enhance the performance of the microbial fuel cell. Finally, the microorganisms in each component of the reactor completely mineralize and decompose the remaining intermediate products, thoroughly degrading high-concentration, highly toxic, and recalcitrant pollutants.

[0016] Economical Design: The design utilizes a stainless steel cage encasing activated carbon as the anode of the microbial fuel cell, a carbon brush as the cathode, and zeolite-filled anode-cathode spacer, significantly reducing the overall reactor cost. Compared to some metal electrodes that enhance the catalytic redox activity of microbial fuel cells, the multi-stage microbial fuel cell coupled with a biological reactor achieves the same effect using carbon-based materials. Furthermore, zeolite-filled anode-cathode spacer, replacing the proton exchange membrane, reduces internal resistance and significantly lowers operating costs.

[0017] Scalability: Compared to single-stage microbial fuel cells and constructed wetland bioreactors, multi-stage microbial fuel cell coupled bioreactor-constructed wetland enhanced wastewater treatment devices leverage their multi-channel advantage to combine single or complex recalcitrant pollutants with multiple wastewater treatment technologies. For example, adding channels to couple aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies, or coupling with electro-Fenton degradation to generate electricity from the microbial fuel cell for enhanced electro-Fenton degradation, thereby improving the overall system's treatment efficiency.

[0018] Finally, the wastewater treatment device, which combines multi-stage microbial fuel cells with a biological pond and constructed wetland to enhance sulfamethoxazole removal, achieved a high overall wastewater treatment efficiency, solving the problems of low efficiency and low mineralization in conventional wastewater treatment technologies when facing recalcitrant pollutants. The multi-stage corridor design and coupling with the biological pond and constructed wetland enhanced the system's stability and treatment efficiency, overcoming the challenges of microbial fuel cells existing independently in natural environments, high costs, and difficulties in engineering practice. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of a device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial wetland corridor in the secondary biological pond;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a three-level constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor;

[0024] Figure 6 The concentration variation of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations is shown in the diagram for a device (without plants) used to enhance the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0025] Figure 7 The degradation rate of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations in a device (without plants) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0026] Figure 8 The concentration variation of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations is shown in the diagram of a device (planted with plants) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0027] Figure 9 The degradation rate of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations was measured by a device (planted with plants) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0028] Figure 10 The diagram shows the COD concentration changes of a device (without plants) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system (without plants) under different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole stress.

[0029] Figure 11The COD degradation rate of a device (without planted plants) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system under different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole stress.

[0030] Figure 12 The diagram shows the COD concentration changes under different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole stress in a device (planted with vegetation) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system.

[0031] Figure 13 The COD degradation rate of a device (planted with plants) for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system under different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole stress. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Specific Implementation Method 1: This implementation method is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biological pond constructed wetland coupling system consists of a primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1, a secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2, and a tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3. The primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1, the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2, and the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 are connected in series, and the water flow path is an S-shaped push flow type, with the water flow direction switching achieved through a semi-cylindrical connection.

[0033] Traditional MFCs rely on ion exchange membranes to separate the anode and cathode, and membrane resistance is one of the main sources of internal resistance. This implementation utilizes the layered structure of an constructed wetland, embedding the anode in the bottom anaerobic zone and placing the cathode in the surface oxidation zone. The hydraulic gradient unique to constructed wetlands forms a natural proton migration channel, and a zeolite-filled anode-cathode separator replaces the ion exchange membrane. The porous structure of zeolite not only reduces ion migration resistance but also assists in pollutant removal through adsorption, structurally reducing the internal resistance problem caused by membrane resistance. The three-stage corridors, connected in series, form an S-shaped plug flow path, extending the contact time between wastewater and the electrodes and substrate. Furthermore, the anaerobic-aerobic gradient environment of each corridor promotes the metabolic activity of electroactive microorganisms, enhancing electron transfer efficiency. Simultaneously, the ternary system of "substrate-plant-microorganisms" in the constructed wetland provides a more stable living environment for microorganisms, reducing the increase in internal resistance caused by insufficient microbial activity.

[0034] In this embodiment, the primary MFC corridor utilizes highly active electromicroorganisms to initially degrade high concentrations of sulfamethoxazole under anaerobic conditions. Extracellular electron transfer breaks down the stable structure of antibiotic molecules (such as sulfonamide groups), achieving "primary detoxification." The secondary biological pool corridor adsorbs residual pollutants and intermediate products through an activated carbon biolayer. It utilizes wetland plant root secretions (such as electron mediators) to enhance microbial co-metabolism, degrading intermediate products generated in the primary corridor, achieving "toxicity buffering and intermediate metabolism." The tertiary MFC corridor further mineralizes remaining pollutants under oxidizing conditions. Through the synergistic effect of cathodic oxidation and microbial metabolism, recalcitrant intermediate products are completely decomposed into CO2 and H2O, achieving "deep mineralization."

[0035] In this embodiment, the electrocatalytic effect of the MFC accelerates the ring-opening reaction of sulfonamide antibiotics, while the matrix adsorption and plant absorption of the constructed wetland can capture undegraded pollutants and reduce secondary pollution. The constructed wetland provides a stable microbial community (such as electroactive bacteria like Geobacter) for the MFC, and the electrical energy generated by the MFC can stimulate microbial activity, forming a positive cycle of "metabolism-electricity generation-metabolism".

[0036] Specific Implementation Method Two: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1 and the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 have the same structure, both consisting of a base layer 10-1, an anode layer 11, an anode-cathode spacer layer 12, a cathode layer 13, and a wetland layer 15-1 from bottom to top; the anode layer 11 is composed of a stainless steel cage filled with activated carbon particles; the cathode layer 13 is composed of three carbon brushes, each 12cm long and 4cm in diameter, connected vertically in series; the anode uses titanium wire to connect the stainless steel cage to the lead wire, and the cathode uses titanium wire to connect the carbon brush lead wire; the anode and cathode wires are connected to a 1000Ω resistor to form a closed circuit. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0037] This embodiment addresses the recalcitrant degradation characteristics of antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole by employing a gradient coupling of a multi-stage microbial fuel cell (MFC) and an anaerobic-constructed wetland. This enhances the degradation efficiency of the anaerobic-constructed wetland, achieving a complete treatment process from primary detoxification to intermediate metabolism and deep mineralization of pollutants. This effectively solves the problem that microbial fuel cells require ion exchange membranes and cannot exist independently in the environment. Simultaneously, this technology also enables the recovery of chemical energy from wastewater, offering advantages such as high treatment efficiency, low cost, and practical applicability, truly achieving the dual goals of wastewater treatment and energy recovery.

[0038] This embodiment utilizes a plug-flow influent method to push high-concentration, recalcitrant wastewater into the primary constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell corridor, achieving synergistic detoxification at the anode and cathode. The effluent flows into the secondary biological pond-constructed wetland corridor to buffer the toxic impact, where activated carbon biolayers degrade pollutants or intermediate metabolites. Finally, it flows through the tertiary constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell corridor, thoroughly mineralizing residual pollutants and intermediate metabolites. This device features a compact structure, stable operation, and high treatment efficiency.

[0039] In this embodiment, the anode uses a stainless steel cage encasing activated carbon, and the cathode uses a carbon brush, both low-cost carbon-based materials, replacing the expensive metal electrodes (such as platinum and gold) in traditional MFCs. The anode-cathode spacer is filled with zeolite, replacing high-valence ion exchange membranes, reducing material costs by more than 80%. The constructed wetland substrate (zeolite, gravel) can be sourced locally, further reducing construction costs. The system requires no additional aeration or chemical additives, relying on oxygen secretion from plant roots to create an aerobic / anaerobic microenvironment. Microorganisms degrade pollutants and generate electricity through their own metabolism. The operation only requires maintaining water flow dynamics (such as a peristaltic pump), reducing energy consumption by more than 60% compared to traditional electrochemical technologies.

[0040] In this embodiment, the water flow streamline 16 between the three-level corridors is S-shaped horizontally from front to back and vertically from bottom to top, which optimizes the efficiency of water mixing and pollutant contact.

[0041] Specific Implementation Method 3: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method 2 is that the device for the enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system is a cuboid structure, composed of five 10mm thick rectangular plexiglass panels. Its external dimensions are 30cm long, 24cm wide, and 30cm high. Inside the device, three evenly distributed corridors are separated by two partially closed plexiglass panels, each corridor being 6-8cm wide. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Four: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method Two is that: the base layer 10-1 is located at the bottom, with a filling height of 5cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2-8mm; the anode layer 11 is located above the base layer 10-1, with a filling height of 5cm, the stainless steel cage has a pore size of 6mm, the wire diameter is 1mm, and the activated carbon particles have a particle size of 2-8mm and a specific surface area of ​​1200m²g. -1The anode-cathode spacer layer 12 is disposed above the anode layer 11, with a filling height of 5 cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2-8 mm; the cathode layer 13 is disposed above the anode-cathode spacer layer 12, with a filling height of 10 cm; the wetland layer 15-1 is disposed above the cathode layer 13, and plants are planted by filling the space with soil, with a filling height of 10-15 cm. The planted plants are wetland plants in the seedling stage or vegetative growth stage. Other aspects are the same as in specific embodiment two.

[0043] In this embodiment, zeolite is used as a spacer between the anode and cathode to replace the traditional membrane structure and reduce internal resistance.

[0044] In this embodiment, after planting emergent wetland plants such as canna lilies, the aerobic microenvironment formed by root oxygen secretion promotes the activity of nitrifying bacteria, while root exudates (such as organic acids) can act as electron shuttles to accelerate electron transfer. At the same time, the plants absorb some pollutants (such as nitrogen and phosphorus), forming a synergistic effect with microbial degradation, which significantly improves the degradation rate of 20 mg / L sulfamethoxazole.

[0045] Specific Implementation Method 5: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method 2 is that: a primary water inlet 4 is provided on the lower right side of the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1, and a primary water outlet 5 is provided on the upper left side; a tertiary water inlet 8 is provided on the lower right side of the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3, and a tertiary water outlet 9 is provided on the upper left side. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0046] Specific Implementation Method Six: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that the secondary biological pond artificial wetland corridor 2 consists of a secondary base layer 10-2, a biological layer 14, and a secondary wetland layer 15-2 from bottom to top. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0047] Specific Implementation Method Seven: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method Six is ​​that the secondary base layer 10-2 is located at the bottom, with a filling height of 10cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2-8mm; the biological layer 14 is located above the secondary base layer 10-2, with a filling height of 10cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2-8mm and a specific surface area of ​​1200m³. 2 g -1 The activated carbon particles are compacted and filled; the secondary wetland layer 15-2 is set above the biological layer 14, and plants are planted by filling the space with soil, with a filling height of 10-15cm. Everything else is the same as in specific embodiment six.

[0048] Specific Implementation Method Eight: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method Six is ​​that a secondary inlet 6 is provided on the lower left side of the artificial wetland corridor 2 of the secondary biological pool, and a secondary outlet 7 is provided on the upper right side. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Six.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method Nine: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Methods Five and Eight is that the primary outlet 5 is connected to the secondary inlet 6, and the secondary outlet 7 is connected to the tertiary inlet 8. Everything else is the same as Specific Implementation Methods Five and Eight.

[0050] Specific Implementation Method 10: The working method of the device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system is carried out according to the following steps:

[0051] 1. Start up and run the device with an external 1000Ω resistor connected.

[0052] 2. A peristaltic pump pumps sulfamethoxazole wastewater into the primary inlet 4 at a hydraulic retention time of 36 hours. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the substrate layer 10-1, anode layer 11, anode-cathode spacer layer 12, cathode layer 13, and wetland layer 15-1 of the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1. It is then sent to the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2 through the primary outlet 5 and the secondary inlet 6. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from right to left through the secondary substrate layer 10-2, biological layer 14, and secondary wetland layer 15-2 of the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2. Finally, it is sent to the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 through the secondary outlet 7 and the tertiary inlet 8. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the substrate layer 10-1, anode layer 11, anode-cathode spacer layer 12, cathode layer 13, and wetland layer 15-1 of the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3.

[0053] The technical effects of the present invention are verified using the following embodiments:

[0054] Example: A device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-channel constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor coupled system consists of a primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1, a secondary bioreactor constructed wetland corridor 2, and a tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3. The primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1, the secondary bioreactor constructed wetland corridor 2, and the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 are connected in series, with an S-shaped flow path, and the flow direction is switched via a semi-cylindrical connection. The primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1 and the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 have identical structures, both consisting of a base layer 10-1, an anode layer 11, an anode-cathode spacer layer 12, and a cathode layer from bottom to top. The reactor consists of layer 13 and wetland layer 15-1; the anode layer 11 is composed of stainless steel cages filled with activated carbon particles; the cathode layer 13 is composed of three carbon brushes, each 12cm long and 4cm in diameter, connected vertically in series; the anode is connected to the stainless steel cage with titanium wires to conduct electrical wires, and the cathode is connected to the carbon brushes with titanium wires to conduct electrical wires. The anode and cathode wires are connected to a 1000Ω resistor to form a closed circuit; the overall structure is a cuboid, composed of five rectangular plexiglass plates with a thickness of 10mm spliced ​​together, with external dimensions of 30cm in length, 24cm in width, and 30cm in height; inside the device, three evenly distributed corridors are separated by two partially closed plexiglass plates, each corridor being 7cm wide; the corridors at each level are connected by a semi-cylindrical S-shaped connection to ensure smooth water flow within the reactor.

[0055] The base layer 10-1 is located at the bottom, with a filling height of 5cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2-8mm; the anode layer 11 is located above the base layer 10-1, with a filling height of 5cm, the stainless steel cage has a pore size of 6mm, the wire diameter is 1mm, and the activated carbon particles have a particle size of 2-8mm and a specific surface area of ​​1200m². 2 g -1 The anode-cathode spacer layer 12 is located above the anode layer 11, with a filling height of 5cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2~8mm; the cathode layer 13 is located above the anode-cathode spacer layer 12, with a filling height of 10cm; the wetland layer 15-1 is located above the cathode layer 13, and is not planted with any vegetation.

[0056] The primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1 has a primary inlet 4 located on the lower right side and a primary outlet 5 located on the upper left side; the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 has a tertiary inlet 8 located on the lower right side and a tertiary outlet 9 located on the upper left side; the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2 consists of a secondary substrate layer 10-2, a biological layer 14, and a secondary wetland layer 15-2 from bottom to top; the secondary substrate layer 10-2 is located at the bottom, with a filling height of 10cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2~8mm; the biological layer 14 is located above the secondary substrate layer 10-2, with a filling height of 10cm, and is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 2~8mm and a specific surface area of ​​1200m³. 2 g -1 The activated carbon particles are compacted and filled; the secondary wetland layer 15-2 is located above the biological layer 14 and is not planted with plants;

[0057] The primary outlet 5 is connected to the secondary inlet 6, and the secondary outlet 7 is connected to the tertiary inlet 8. The operating method of the device for the enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-channel constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system is as follows:

[0058] I. Using glucose as a co-matrix, and a mixture of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, vitamins, and minerals as simulated wastewater, the device was started and operated under an external 1000Ω resistor; the concentration of sulfamethoxazole was 10 mg / L. -1 The glucose concentration is 1000 mg / L. -1 The concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate is 11.55 g / L. -1 The concentration of sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.77 g / L. -1 Ammonium chloride 310 mg / L -1 Potassium chloride 130 mg / L -1 Vitamin 10ml -1 10ml / L of minerals -1 ;

[0059] 2. The peristaltic pump pumps the simulated wastewater into the primary inlet 4 at a hydraulic retention time of 36 hours. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the substrate layer 10-1, anode layer 11, anode-cathode spacer layer 12, cathode layer 13, and wetland layer 15-1 of the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 1. It is then sent to the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2 through the primary outlet 5 and the secondary inlet 6. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from right to left through the secondary substrate layer 10-2, biological layer 14, and secondary wetland layer 15-2 of the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor 2. It is then sent to the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3 through the secondary outlet 7 and the tertiary inlet 8. The wastewater flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the substrate layer 10-1, anode layer 11, anode-cathode spacer layer 12, cathode layer 13, and wetland layer 15-1 of the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor 3. Finally, it is discharged through the tertiary outlet 9.

[0060] Example 2: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 20 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Example 3: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 30 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Example 4: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 40 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Example 5: The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 50 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Example 6: This example differs from Example 1 in that: in the wetland layer 15-1, canna lilies are planted through soil-filled spaces (cathode pores) with a filling height of 15cm; in the secondary wetland layer 15-2, canna lilies are planted through soil-filled spaces (cathode pores) with a filling height of 15cm. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Example 7: The difference between this example and Example 6 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 20 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 6.

[0066] Example 8: The difference between this example and Example 6 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 30 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 6.

[0067] Example 9: The difference between this example and Example 6 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 40 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 6.

[0068] Example 10: The difference between this example and Example 6 is that the concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 50 mg / L. -1 Everything else is the same as in Example 6.

[0069] The experimental results (without vegetation) of the multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system used in Examples 1 to 5 for the enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater are as follows:

[0070] In 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 Under sulfamethoxazole stress, the degradation rate and concentration changes of sulfamethoxazole in each component (1A represents the anode area of ​​the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor, 1C represents the cathode area of ​​the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor, 2 inlet represents the secondary inlet, 2 outlet represents the secondary outlet, 3A represents the anode area of ​​the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor, and 3C represents the cathode area of ​​the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor) under different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole, and the degradation rate and concentration changes of COD under different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole stress are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0071] Table 1. Degradation rate of each component for different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole

[0072]

[0073] Table 2. Removal amount of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations by each component.

[0074]

[0075] Primary corridor: 10-50 mg / L -1 The degradation rates of sulfamethoxazole under stress were 75.99%, 67.33%, 60.50%, 59.62%, and 49.56%, respectively; the degradation contribution was 7.59 mg / L. -1 13.46 mg L -1 18.15 mg L -1 23.85 mg L -1 24.78 mg L -1 .

[0076] Secondary corridor 10 ~ 50 mg L -1The degradation rates of sulfamethoxazole under stress were 12.28%, 16.63%, 17.62%, 11.48%, and 23.83%, respectively; the degradation contribution was 1.28 mg / L. -1 3.32 mg L -1 5.28 mg L -1 4.59 mg L -1 11.91 mg L -1 .

[0077] Level 3 corridor 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 The degradation rates of sulfamethoxazole under stress were 5.59%, 12.98%, 18.21%, 22.41%, and 19.55%, respectively; the degradation contribution was 0.55 mg / L. -1 2.59 mg L -1 5.46 mg L -1 8.96 mg L -1 9.77 mg / L -1 .

[0078] The final effluent degradation rates were 93.86%, 96.94%, 96.33%, 93.52%, and 92.94%, with an effluent concentration of 0.61 mg / L. -1 0.61 mg L -1 1.10 mg L -1 2.60 mg L -1 3.53 mg L -1 .

[0079] Depend on Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that in the range of 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 Under sulfamethoxazole influent stress, the multi-channel constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system for enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater showed significant degradation efficiency for sulfamethoxazole. (20 mg L) -1 Under sulfamethoxazole stress, the device achieved a maximum degradation rate of 96.65%, and the effluent concentration was reduced to a minimum (0.61 mg / L). -1 In comparison, 30 mg L -1 The final degradation rate can reach 96.33%, 10 mg L -1 Final effluent concentration (0.61 mg L) -1 Both are related to 20 mg L -1 Similar, but 30 mg L -1 Final effluent concentration: 1.1 mg / L -1 10 mg / L -1The final degradation rate (93.86%) was significantly less than that of 20 mg L. -1 20 mg L -1 The optimal degradation concentration for the device was determined. Furthermore, along the water flow direction (1A > 1C > 2 inlet > 2 outlet > 3A > 3C), sulfamethoxazole exhibited a clear stepwise degradation trend, with the first channel anode zone (1A) contributing the largest share of removal. This is because the device increased the overall tolerance of the MFC to sulfamethoxazole. The first-stage channel is responsible for handling the high concentration of pollutants upon initial contact with the influent, increasing tolerance. The second-stage channel gradually degrades the pollutants, producing intermediate products. The third-stage channel completely mineralizes the intermediate products. The combined effect of these three channels accelerates the overall degradation rate of pollutants, enhances degradation efficiency, and improves the system's overall tolerance to high concentrations of pollutants. Therefore, compared to conventional MFCs, the optimal degradation concentration is higher in the multi-stage microbial fuel cell coupled with a biological pool and constructed wetland.

[0080] Depend on Figure 10 and Figure 11 It can be seen that when the influent of the multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system for enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater is free of added sulfamethoxazole, the COD degradation rate of the reactor effluent reaches 73.35% at 50 mg / L. -1 When sulfamethoxazole was introduced into the influent, the COD degradation rate reached a minimum of 58.52%. As the SMX concentration increased to 50 mg / L... -1 At that time, the contribution rate of the primary channel to COD removal plummeted from 51.35% to 24.68%, ultimately resulting in a 26.67% reduction in COD in the primary channel effluent, indicating that high concentrations of SMX exerted a stronger toxic stress on the upstream bacterial flora. The secondary channel (2 inlets, 2 outlets) plays a supporting role in the middle section of the unit. The increase in SMX concentration led to a change in the contribution rate to COD degradation from 4% to 12.83%, ultimately resulting in an 8.83% increase in the secondary channel effluent. The third channel (3A+3C) is relatively stable at the rear of the unit; its contribution rate to COD degradation increased only from 18% to 21% due to the increase in SMX concentration, ultimately resulting in a only 3% increase in the third channel effluent.

[0081] Examples 6 to 10 describe the devices (planted with vegetation) for the enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system. The experimental results for treating sulfamethoxazole wastewater of different concentrations are as follows:

[0082] In 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 The degradation rate and concentration changes of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations in each component under sulfamethoxazole stress are shown in Tables 3 and 4. Figure 8 and Figure 9 .

[0083] Table 3. Degradation rate of each component for different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole

[0084]

[0085] Table 4. Removal amount of sulfamethoxazole at different concentrations by each component

[0086]

[0087] Primary corridor: 10-50 mg / L -1 The degradation rates of sulfamethoxazole under stress were 64.27%, 61.05%, 54.22%, 49.29%, and 32.84%, respectively; the degradation contribution was 6.43 mg / L. -1 12.21 mg L -1 16.26 mg L -1 19.71 mg L -1 16.42 mg L -1 .

[0088] Secondary corridor 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 The degradation rates of sulfamethoxazole under stress were 9.95%, 14.55%, 24.93%, 36.72%, and 51.03%, respectively; the degradation contribution was 0.99 mg / L. -1 2.90 mg L -1 7.47 mg L -1 14.68 mg L -1 25.51 mg L -1 .

[0089] Level 3 corridor 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 The degradation rates of sulfamethoxazole under stress were 18.58%, 20.78%, 13.95%, 6.43%, and 4.89%, respectively; the degradation contribution was 1.86 mg / L. -1 4.15 mg L -1 4.19 mg L -1 2.57 mg L -1 2.45 mg / L -1 .

[0090] The final effluent degradation rates were 92.80%, 96.38%, 93.10%, 92.44%, and 88.76%, with an effluent concentration of 0.71 mg / L. -1 0.72 mg L -1 4.18 mg L -1 3.02 mg L -1 5.61 mg L -1 .

[0091] Depend on Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be seen that in the range of 10 ~ 50 mg L -1 Under sulfamethoxazole influent stress, a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system with plant planting exhibited significant degradation efficiency for sulfamethoxazole wastewater. (20 mg L) -1 The device achieved its optimal degradation concentration, reaching a maximum degradation rate of 96.38%. Unlike devices without planted vegetation, this device approached its maximum degradation rate in the constructed wetland corridor of the secondary biological pool. Along the water flow direction (1A > 1C > 2 inlet > 2 outlet > 3A > 3C), sulfamethoxazole continued to exhibit a clear stepped degradation trend. This is because planted vegetation enhances the degradation efficiency of the microbial fuel cell, thereby improving the overall degradation performance of the device. The secondary corridor further degrades pollutants, and the tertiary corridor's mineralization of remaining intermediate products further enhances the degradation rate.

[0092] Depend on Figure 12 and Figure 13 It can be seen that when the influent of the multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system for enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater is free of added sulfamethoxazole, the COD degradation rate of the reactor effluent reaches 67.51%. However, as the concentration of sulfamethoxazole in the influent increases, the COD degradation rate shows a significant decreasing trend, especially at concentrations of 50 mg / L. -1 The COD degradation rate of sulfamethoxazole in the influent reached 53.85%. As the SMX concentration increased to 50 mg / L... -1 At that time, the contribution rate of the primary channel to COD removal plummeted from 41.51% to 25.68%, ultimately resulting in a 15.83% reduction in COD in the effluent from the primary channel. The contribution rate of the secondary channel to COD degradation changed from 21.34% to 12.83%, ultimately resulting in an 8.51% reduction in COD in the effluent from the secondary channel. The contribution rate of the tertiary channel to COD degradation increased from 4.66% to 15.34%, ultimately resulting in a 10.68% increase in COD in the effluent from the tertiary channel.

[0093] In summary, the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell (MFC) exhibits excellent degradation of low-concentration sulfamethoxazole, facilitating further degradation and mineralization in subsequent channels. It also shows some removal effect on high-concentration sulfamethoxazole, reducing its toxicity and allowing for continued degradation and mineralization in subsequent channels. The primary channel anode plays a crucial role in the enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater in the multi-channel MFC-biopond coupled system, achieving a degradation rate of up to 60% at low concentrations. However, the degradation rate gradually decreases with increasing influent sulfamethoxazole concentration. Although the degradation rate of the primary channel anode after planting vegetation in the cathode layer is lower than that of the unplanted primary channel MFC anode, the degradation efficiency of the planted cathode layer is significantly higher than that of the unplanted layer within the same timeframe. High-concentration sulfamethoxazole still exerts a significant stress effect on the constructed wetland microbial fuel cell channels after the wetland layer is filled with soil and planted. This situation arises because high concentrations of sulfamethoxazole have a certain degree of toxicity, inhibiting microbial degradation. In the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell process, COD degradation rate shows a significant decreasing trend with increasing influent sulfamethoxazole concentration. Similar to the sulfamethoxazole degradation trend, the COD degradation rate in the primary corridor after planting vegetation in the cathode layer is lower than that in the unplanted primary corridor, but the degradation efficiency of the planted cathode layer is far greater than that of the unplanted layer within the same timeframe. The essence of this COD degradation phenomenon is that the primary corridor, as the core area receiving SMX inhibition, plays a major role in degradation at low concentrations and a toxicity-carrying role at high concentrations. When high concentrations of antibiotics contaminate, the substrate metabolic rate of anodic respiring bacteria decreases, further affecting the COD degradation rate.

[0094] The degradation rate of sulfamethoxazole in the secondary biological constructed wetland corridor increased with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. The secondary corridor not only degrades low-concentration sulfamethoxazole but also further degrades intermediate products, promoting mineralization. While the degradation of high-concentration sulfamethoxazole is inhibited in the primary corridor, the secondary corridor further degrades sulfamethoxazole, allowing the tertiary corridor to further degrade intermediate products and mineralize pollutants. After planting vegetation, the degradation rate in the secondary biological constructed wetland corridor significantly increased compared to before planting. Compared to a multi-stage microbial fuel cell coupled biological pond-constructed wetland without vegetation, the complete degradation of sulfamethoxazole occurred earlier in the secondary corridor. Without vegetation, the contribution of the constructed wetland corridor in the secondary biological reactor to COD removal increases with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. With vegetation, the contribution decreases with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. This indicates that without vegetation, the secondary corridor effectively buffers high-concentration antibiotics, thus increasing its contribution to COD removal. However, with vegetation in the cathode layer, the degradation efficiency of sulfamethoxazole increases, and the overall degradation performance of the secondary corridor is utilized to degrade sulfamethoxazole to near-complete degradation. Therefore, the contribution decreases with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. Regarding combined COD and sulfamethoxazole pollution, vegetation in the cathode layer significantly contributes to the degradation of the combined pollution compared to when no vegetation is planted.

[0095] Without vegetation, the contribution rate of the tertiary constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell corridor for sulfamethoxazole removal gradually increased with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. After vegetation was planted, the contribution rate decreased with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. The contribution rate of the tertiary constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell corridor for COD removal increased with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration, and the degradation rates of both sulfamethoxazole and COD in the effluent were significantly improved compared to conventional wastewater treatment technologies. These findings indicate that the multi-corridor configuration of the constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system has a good treatment effect on the combined pollution of sulfamethoxazole and COD, and that vegetation planting enhances the degradation efficiency of the entire system. Without vegetation, facing high concentrations of sulfamethoxazole, all components must be mobilized to degrade the toxic high-concentration sulfamethoxazole, thus demonstrating that the degradation rate of the tertiary corridor increases with increasing sulfamethoxazole concentration. Planting vegetation enhances the degradation function of the reactor, providing redundant capacity to demineralize intermediate products generated by sulfamethoxazole. Compared to not planting vegetation, it can better and more completely degrade recalcitrant pollutants such as sulfamethoxazole.

[0096] Faced with high concentrations of sulfamethoxazole, the unit exhibits a shift in the contribution of COD degradation responsibility, corresponding to the degradation trend during sulfamethoxazole degradation. This trend may be due to the high concentrations of sulfamethoxazole and its intermediates (such as 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole) inhibiting the production of volatile fatty acids after COD degradation in the primary channel, further suppressing COD degradation. The remaining low to medium concentrations of sulfamethoxazole from the primary channel then enter the secondary and tertiary channels for further degradation, while the remaining COD continues to degrade as the sulfamethoxazole concentration decreases. Planting vegetation in the cathode layer can enhance the degradation process of the combined sulfamethoxazole and COD pollution, almost completely degrading the combined pollution in the middle stage of the unit. When the remaining combined pollutants enter the tertiary channel at the rear of the unit, the remaining intermediates can be completely mineralized, thus achieving complete harmless treatment of the effluent.

[0097] The device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biopond constructed wetland coupling system is a novel configuration. It demonstrates that by using stacked electrode modules, the system performance degradation can be mitigated, and it has the feasibility of reactor scale-up and the advantage of being able to couple with other technologies.

Claims

1. A device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system, characterized in that... The device for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater by a multi-corridor configuration constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-biological pond constructed wetland coupling system consists of a primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (1), a secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor (2), and a tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (3). The primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (1), the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor (2), and the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (3) are connected in series, and the water flow path is an S-shaped push flow type. The water flow direction can be switched through a semi-cylindrical connection. The primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (1) and the tertiary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (3) have the same structure, both consisting of a base layer (10-1), an anode layer (11), an anode-cathode spacer layer (12), a cathode layer (13), and a wetland layer (15-1) from bottom to top. The anode layer (11) is composed of stainless steel cages filled with activated carbon particles. The cathode layer (13) is composed of three carbon brushes, each 12 cm long and 4 cm in diameter, connected vertically in series. The anode is connected to the stainless steel cage with titanium wires to conduct electrical wires, and the cathode is connected to the carbon brushes with titanium wires to conduct electrical wires. The anode and cathode wires are connected to a 1000Ω resistor to form a closed circuit. The base layer (10-1) is filled with zeolite. The anode-cathode spacer layer (12) is filled with zeolite. The wetland layer (15-1) is planted with plants by filling the space with soil. The planted plants are wetland plants in the seedling or vegetative growth stage. The artificial wetland corridor (2) of the secondary biological pond consists of a secondary base layer (10-2), a biological layer (14) and a secondary wetland layer (15-2) from bottom to top. The secondary base layer (10-2) is filled with zeolite. The biological layer (14) is filled with compacted activated carbon particles. The secondary wetland layer (15-2) is planted with plants by filling the space with soil. The planted plants are wetland plants in the seedling stage or vegetative growth stage.

2. The apparatus for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupled system for enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater has an overall rectangular configuration, consisting of five 10mm thick rectangular plexiglass panels. The external dimensions are 30cm long, 24cm wide, and 30cm high. Inside the device, three evenly distributed corridors are separated by two partially closed plexiglass panels, each with a width of 6-8cm.

3. The apparatus for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The base layer (10-1) is located at the bottom, with a filling height of 5cm, and the zeolite particles filled with it have a particle size of 2-8mm. The anode layer (11) is located above the base layer (10-1), with a filling height of 5cm, a stainless steel cage with a pore size of 6mm, a wire diameter of 1mm, and activated carbon particles with a particle size of 2-8mm and a specific surface area of ​​1200m²g. -1 The anode-cathode spacer layer (12) is located above the anode layer (11) with a filling height of 5cm and a zeolite particle size of 2~8mm. The cathode layer (13) is located above the anode-cathode spacer layer (12) with a filling height of 10cm. The wetland layer (15-1) is located above the cathode layer (13) with a filling height of 10~15cm.

4. The apparatus for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using the multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first-level artificial wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (1) has a first-level inlet (4) on the lower right side and a first-level outlet (5) on the upper left side; the third-level artificial wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (3) has a third-level inlet (8) on the lower right side and a third-level outlet (9) on the upper left side.

5. The apparatus for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that... The secondary substrate layer (10-2) is located at the bottom, with a filling height of 10 cm, and the zeolite particles filled with it have a particle size of 2-8 mm; the biological layer (14) is located above the secondary substrate layer (10-2), with a filling height of 10 cm, and the activated carbon particles filled with it have a particle size of 2-8 mm and a specific surface area of ​​1200 m². 2 g -1 ; The secondary wetland layer (15-2) is located above the biological layer (14) and has a filling height of 10-15cm.

6. The apparatus for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using the multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system according to claim 4, characterized in that... The artificial wetland corridor of the secondary biological pool (2) has a secondary water inlet (6) on the lower left and a secondary water outlet (7) on the upper right.

7. The apparatus for enhancing the treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system according to claim 6, characterized in that... The primary outlet (5) is connected to the secondary inlet (6), and the secondary outlet (7) is connected to the tertiary inlet (8).

8. The operating method of the device for enhanced treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater using a multi-corridor constructed wetland microbial fuel cell-bioreactor constructed wetland coupling system as described in claim 1, characterized in that... It is done in the following steps:

1. Start up and run the device with an external 1000Ω resistor connected.

2. A peristaltic pump pumps sulfamethoxazole wastewater into the primary inlet (4) at a hydraulic retention time of 36 hours; it flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the base layer (10-1), anode layer (11), anode-cathode spacer layer (12), cathode layer (13), and wetland layer (15-1) of the primary constructed wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (1); it is then sent to the secondary biological pond constructed wetland corridor (2) through the primary outlet (5) and the secondary inlet (6), flowing from bottom to top and from right to left through the secondary biological pond constructed wetland. The secondary base layer (10-2), biolayer (14) and secondary wetland layer (15-2) of the underground corridor (2) are fed into the tertiary artificial wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (3) through the secondary outlet (7) and the tertiary inlet (8). The water flows from bottom to top and from left to right through the base layer (10-1), anode layer (11), anode-cathode spacer layer (12), cathode layer (13) and wetland layer (15-1) of the tertiary artificial wetland microbial fuel cell corridor (3), and is finally discharged through the tertiary outlet (9).

Images