An excavator-based mixing mast lifting structure and hydraulic oil distribution method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on excavator's mixing mast lifting structure and hydraulic oil distribution method, hydraulic lifting mechanism is assembled on excavator arm, the P port of priority valve is connected with the oil supply and oil return of hydraulic oil driving unit respectively, CF port and EF port are connected with speed regulating proportional valve and shunt valve respectively, speed regulating proportional valve is connected with the hydraulic drive part in hydraulic lifting mechanism, and shunt valve is connected with the hydraulic drive part of mixing head. Through the reasonable design and application of priority valve, the coordinated operation of mast lifting and mixing head rotation is realized, the problem of mixing head stop rotation caused by mast lifting in the prior art is solved, the work efficiency and construction quality are effectively improved, and it is suitable for various construction scenes requiring simultaneous mixing and lifting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a mixing mast lifting structure based on an excavator and a hydraulic oil supply method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-pressure mixing and on-site curing devices use hydraulic oil diverted from the excavator body to drive the mast lifting mechanism (i.e., lifting via hydraulic means). This method diverts hydraulic oil, causing the mixing head to stop rotating during the lifting process, resulting in low work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a mixing mast lifting structure and hydraulic oil supply method based on an excavator to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted in this invention are as follows:

[0005] A mixing mast lifting structure based on an excavator includes an excavator body and a mast with a mixing head. The mast is mounted on the excavator arm of the excavator body. The excavator body is equipped with a hydraulic oil drive unit for driving the excavator arm and the mixing head. It also includes a hydraulic lifting mechanism and a priority valve, a speed-regulating proportional valve, and a flow divider valve mounted on the hydraulic lifting mechanism. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is mounted on the excavator arm. The P port and T port of the priority valve are respectively connected to the oil supply and return lines in the hydraulic oil drive unit. The CF port and EF port are respectively connected to the speed-regulating proportional valve and the flow divider valve. The speed-regulating proportional valve is connected to the hydraulic drive component in the hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the flow divider valve is connected to the hydraulic drive component of the mixing head.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic motor, a reducer, a rope winding reel, a mounting base, and steel wire ropes. The mounting base is fixed on the boom of the excavator arm, the mast is slidably connected to the mounting base, the hydraulic motor is fixed on the mounting base, and the hydraulic motor is linked to the rope winding reel through the reducer. Two steel wire ropes are wound on the rope winding reel and placed on both sides of the axial direction of the rope winding reel. One end of each steel wire rope is fixed to the rope winding reel, and the other end is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the mast, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting mechanism also includes a rope ring with a spiral groove on the outer circumferential wall of the rope reel. The rope ring meshes with the spiral groove, and the rope reel rotates and drives the rope ring to move along the axial direction of the rope reel. Two steel wire ropes are wound in the spiral groove along the spiral direction, and the two steel wire ropes are respectively placed on both sides of the rope ring.

[0008] Furthermore, a rope guide is provided above the rope reel, and two rope guide grooves for threading steel wire rope are provided on the rope guide. The rope reel is fixed to the rope guide.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide shaft is fixed on the mounting base, the guide shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the rope reel, and the rope guide is threaded through the guide shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide shaft is a rectangular shaft, and a bushing is fixed on the rope guide. The bushing is inserted into the rectangular shaft, rotates around the rope reel, and drives the rope guide to move axially along the guide shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting base is equipped with two rope guide wheels for guiding the two steel wire ropes.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with mounting ears, which are fixed to the forearm of the excavator arm.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with a slide rail, and the mast is provided with a slider, which cooperates with the slide rail.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a hydraulic oil supply method for the above-mentioned structure. When the mast does not perform lifting or lowering operations, that is, when the hydraulic lifting mechanism does not require oil, all the hydraulic oil provided by the hydraulic oil drive unit of the excavator is supplied to the EF port of the priority valve, and after passing through the diversion valve, it drives the stirring head to rotate.

[0015] When the mast is raised or lowered, i.e. when the hydraulic lifting mechanism needs oil, the hydraulic oil P provided by the hydraulic oil drive unit is preferentially supplied to the CF port of the priority valve. At this time, the amount of oil supplied to the EF port is reduced, thus reducing the speed of the stirring head. The oil supply ratio of the priority valve to the hydraulic lifting mechanism is controlled by the speed regulating proportional valve. The hydraulic oil drives the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic lifting mechanism to realize the raising and lowering of the mast.

[0016] Furthermore, an tilt sensor is installed on the mast to measure the mast's verticality in real time so that the operator can adjust the verticality.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) Through the rational design and application of the priority valve, the coordinated operation of mast lifting and mixing head rotation is realized, which solves the problem of the mixing head stopping due to mast lifting in the existing technology, effectively improving work efficiency and construction quality, and is suitable for various construction scenarios that require simultaneous mixing and lifting operations.

[0019] (2) The hydraulic circuit system is reasonably laid out. The coordinated operation of the priority valve, speed regulating proportional valve and flow divider valve ensures efficient distribution and precise control of hydraulic oil. It can meet the large demand for hydraulic oil when the mast is raised and lowered, and ensure the continuous operation of the stirring head under different working conditions. This realizes the optimized utilization of resources and improves the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0020] (3) The hydraulic lifting mechanism is ingeniously designed, with close cooperation between the components and reliable operation. The combination of hydraulic motor, reducer, rope reel and wire rope can stably and accurately realize the lifting and lowering of the mast, and the lifting speed can be precisely controlled by the speed regulating proportional valve; the slide rail on the mounting base cooperates with the slider on the mast, and the setting of the rope guide wheel ensures the orderly winding of the wire rope and the stability of the mast during the lifting and lowering process, which extends the service life of the equipment and reduces maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid distribution principle of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a hydraulic lifting mechanism.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a hydraulic lifting mechanism.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a hydraulic lifting mechanism.

[0026] Figure 6 This is an assembly drawing of a hydraulic motor and a reducer.

[0027] Figure 7 This is an assembly drawing of the hydraulic lifting mechanism and the mast.

[0028] Figure 8 This is an assembly diagram of the rope guide and the rope coiling ring.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a coiled rope loop.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the rope guide.

[0031] Figure 11 A structural diagram showing the installation of slide rails on the mounting base.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 1- Excavator body;

[0034] 2-Mast; 21-Agitator head; 22-Securing buckle;

[0035] 3-Hydraulic lifting mechanism; 31-Hydraulic motor; 32-Reducer; 33-Rope reel; 331-Locking block; 34-Mounting base; 341-Slide rail; 36-Rope guide wheel; 37-Mounting ear; 35-Rope guide; 350-Rope guide groove; 351-Rope coiling ring; 352-Guide shaft;

[0036] 4-Priority valve; 5-Speed ​​proportional valve; 6-Flow divider valve. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention discloses a mixing mast lifting structure based on an excavator, comprising an excavator body 1, a hydraulic lifting mechanism 3, a priority valve 4, a speed regulating proportional valve 5, a flow divider valve 6, and a mast 2 with a mixing head 21. The mast 2 is mounted on the excavator arm of the excavator body 1. A hydraulic oil drive unit for driving the excavator arm and the mixing head is provided on the excavator body 1. The hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is mounted on the excavator arm for driving the mast 2 to lift and lower. The mast 2 is slidably connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3.

[0039] Priority valve 4, speed proportional valve 5 and flow divider valve 6 are all located on hydraulic lifting mechanism 3. The P port and T port of priority valve 4 are respectively connected to the oil supply and return lines in hydraulic oil drive unit. The CF port and EF port are respectively connected to speed proportional valve 5 and flow divider valve 6. Speed ​​proportional valve 5 is connected to the hydraulic drive component (i.e., hydraulic motor) in hydraulic lifting mechanism 3. Flow divider valve 6 is connected to the hydraulic drive component (i.e., hydraulic motor) of stirring head 21.

[0040] When the mast 2 is not raising or lowering, that is, when the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 does not require oil, all the hydraulic oil provided by the excavator's hydraulic oil drive unit is supplied to the EF port of the priority valve 4, and after passing through the diversion valve 6, it drives the two stirring heads 21 to rotate.

[0041] When mast 2 is raised or lowered, i.e., when the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 requires oil, the hydraulic oil P supplied by the hydraulic oil drive unit is preferentially supplied to the CF port of the priority valve 4. At this time, the amount of oil supplied to the EF port is reduced, thus lowering the speed of the stirring head, but the stirring head will not stop rotating. The oil supply ratio from the priority valve 4 to the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is controlled by the speed regulating proportional valve 5, which drives the hydraulic motor 31 in the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 to achieve the raising and lowering of mast 2.

[0042] like Figures 3 to 6 The hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic motor 31, a reducer 32, a rope winding disc 33, a mounting base 34, and steel wire ropes. Mounting ears 37 are provided on the mounting base 34 and are fixed to the boom 11 of the excavator arm. The mast 2 is slidably connected to the mounting base 34. The hydraulic motor 31, priority valve 4, speed proportional valve 5, and flow divider valve 6 are all fixed to the mounting base 34. The hydraulic motor 31 is linked to the rope winding disc 32 via the reducer 32. Two steel wire ropes are wound on the rope winding disc 33 and positioned on both sides of the axial direction of the rope winding disc. One end of each steel wire rope is fixed to the rope winding disc 33, and the other end is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the mast 2, respectively.

[0043] Combination Figure 7 To facilitate the fixing of both ends of each wire rope, a locking block 331 is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the rope winding disc 33, and a fixing buckle 22 is fixed at both ends of the mast 2. The locking block 331 and the fixing buckle 22 are connected to both ends of each wire rope respectively.

[0044] Combination Figures 8 to 10 To better wind and unwind the wire rope, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is also equipped with a rope coiling ring 351. A spiral groove is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the rope winding disc 33. The rope coiling ring 351 engages with the spiral groove. The rope winding disc 33 rotates and drives the rope coiling ring 351 to move along the axial direction of the rope winding disc. The two wire ropes are wound in the spiral groove along the spiral direction, and the two wire ropes are respectively placed on both sides of the rope coiling ring 351.

[0045] This unique coiled rope design effectively prevents the wire rope from crossing, overlapping, or becoming disordered during the winding process, ensuring that the wire rope is wound and released in an orderly manner. In particular, the coiled rope ring 351 is set up so that the axial displacement of the coiled rope ring 351 when the coiled rope ring 33 rotates allows the wire rope to be better wound and released along the spiral groove.

[0046] A guide shaft 352 is fixed on the mounting base 34. The guide shaft 352 is arranged along the axial direction of the rope winding disc 33, and the rope guide 35 passes through the guide shaft 352. The guide shaft is a rectangular shaft, and a bushing fixed on the rope guide 35 is inserted into the rectangular shaft. This structure allows the rope guide to slide smoothly axially on the guide shaft. At the same time, the cooperation between the rectangular shaft and the bushing prevents the rope guide from rotating or deviating during sliding, ensuring that the rope guide always maintains the correct posture to guide the wire rope. When the rope winding disc 33 rotates, it can drive the rope guide 35 to move axially along the guide shaft 352, realizing the synchronous movement of the rope ring and the rope guide. This better adapts to the needs of the wire rope at different winding positions, further improving the orderliness and reliability of the wire rope winding.

[0047] A rope guide 35 is provided above the rope reel 33. The rope guide 35 has two guide grooves 350 for threading the wire rope, and the coiled rope ring 351 is fixed to the rope guide 35. The rope guide 35 further guides the inlet and outlet directions of the wire rope, allowing it to enter or exit the spiral grooves more smoothly, reducing friction and wear during winding and unwinding, and improving the service life and operational reliability of the wire rope. At the same time, the guide grooves prevent the wire rope from deviating or jumping out of the spiral grooves, enhancing the safety of equipment operation.

[0048] The mounting base 34 is also equipped with two rope guide pulleys 36 for guiding the two wire ropes. The rope guide pulleys can reduce the friction and wear of the wire ropes from the rope reel to the mast connection, making the wire ropes run more smoothly, reducing energy loss, and also helping to maintain uniform tension of the wire ropes, further ensuring the stability of mast raising and lowering.

[0049] like Figure 11 The mounting base 34 is equipped with a slide rail 341. The mast 2 is slidably connected to the slide rail 341 on the mounting base 34 through the cooperation of the slider. The cooperation between the slide rail and the slider ensures that the mast maintains stable and linear movement during the lifting process, avoiding swaying or deviation of the mast during lifting, and improving the safety and accuracy of the operation.

[0050] In actual operation, when the operator needs to raise or lower the mast, the hydraulic oil drive unit of the excavator body 1 is first started to generate high-pressure hydraulic oil.

[0051] High-pressure hydraulic oil enters the supply port (inlet) of priority valve 4 through the oil supply circuit. Due to the control logic of the priority valve, when the mast needs to be raised or lowered, the hydraulic oil flows preferentially to port CF, and after being regulated by the speed-regulating proportional valve 5, it enters the hydraulic motor 31. The hydraulic motor 31 rotates under the drive of the hydraulic oil, and the speed is reduced and the torque is increased by the reducer 32, which drives the rope reel 33 to rotate. The rotation of the rope reel 33 causes the wire rope wound on it to be unwound and retracted, thereby driving the mast 2, which is fixed to the other end of the wire rope, to move up and down. The speed-regulating proportional valve 5 can adjust the pressure of the control oil LS according to the electronic control signal to adjust the amount of oil distributed by the hydraulic priority valve to the priority port CF, thereby realizing the speed regulation of the bidirectional pressure winch.

[0052] Meanwhile, due to the action of the priority valve 4, although the amount of hydraulic oil flowing to the EF port is reduced, a certain amount of oil can still be distributed to the two mixing heads 21 through the diversion valve 6, allowing them to continue rotating at a low speed. This design ensures that the mixing heads can continue to operate during the mast raising and lowering process, avoiding problems such as segregation or initial setting of concrete due to shutdown, and ensuring the continuity and quality of construction.

[0053] When the mast does not need to be raised or lowered, all the hydraulic oil supplied by the hydraulic oil drive unit flows to the EF port of the priority valve 4, and is evenly distributed to the two mixing heads through the diverter valve 6, so that they can carry out efficient mixing operations at normal speed, give full play to the mixing function of the excavator, and improve work efficiency.

[0054] Priority valve 4 is the core control element of the entire hydraulic circuit system. Its inlet P is connected to the oil supply circuit of the hydraulic oil drive unit, its T port is connected to the return oil circuit, its CF port is connected to the hydraulic motor 31 in the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 through the speed regulating proportional valve 5, and its EF port is connected to the hydraulic drive component of the stirring head 21 through the flow divider valve 6. This connection method allows the hydraulic oil to be rationally distributed to different actuators according to the control logic of the priority valve.

[0055] The priority valve 4 operates on the principle of priority control based on pressure and flow. When the mast 2 is not raising or lowering, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 does not require oil. At this time, all the hydraulic oil supplied by the excavator's hydraulic oil drive unit is supplied to the EF port of the priority valve 4, and after passing through the diverter valve 6, it drives the two agitator heads 21 to rotate. The function of the diverter valve 6 is to evenly distribute the hydraulic oil to the two agitator heads, ensuring that the two agitator heads can operate stably at the same speed, achieving a uniform agitation effect, improving work efficiency and project quality.

[0056] When mast 2 is raised or lowered, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 requires oil. The hydraulic oil provided by the hydraulic oil drive unit is preferentially supplied to the CF port of the priority valve 4. At this time, the amount of oil supplied to the EF port is reduced, and the speed of the mixing head is reduced accordingly. However, since some hydraulic oil still flows to the EF port, the mixing head will not stop rotating, which ensures the continuity of the construction process, avoids problems such as concrete segregation caused by the stopping of the mixing head, and improves the construction quality.

[0057] The oil supply ratio from the priority valve 4 to the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is controlled by the speed proportional valve 5. The speed proportional valve 5 can adjust the oil quantity according to actual needs and control signals, thereby precisely controlling the speed of the hydraulic motor 31 and achieving stepless adjustment of the mast 2's lifting speed. This speed control method allows operators to flexibly adjust the mast's lifting speed according to different construction conditions and requirements, improving the equipment's adaptability and ease of operation.

[0058] An tilt sensor is installed on mast 2 to measure the verticality of the mast in real time so that the operator can adjust the verticality.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixing mast lifting structure based on an excavator, comprising an excavator body (1) and a mast (2) having a mixing head (21), wherein the mast (2) is mounted on the excavator arm of the excavator body (1), and the excavator body (1) is provided with a hydraulic oil drive unit for driving the excavator arm and the mixing head, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic lifting mechanism (3), a priority valve (4), a speed regulating proportional valve (5), and a flow divider valve (6). The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) is mounted on the excavator arm. The P port and T port of the priority valve (4) are respectively connected to the oil supply and return lines in the hydraulic oil drive unit. The CF port and EF port are respectively connected to the speed regulating proportional valve (5) and the flow divider valve (6). The speed regulating proportional valve (5) is connected to the hydraulic drive component in the hydraulic lifting mechanism (3), and the flow divider valve (6) is connected to the hydraulic drive component of the mixing head (21). The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) includes a hydraulic motor (31), a reducer (32), a rope reel (33), a mounting base (34), and steel wire ropes. The mounting base (34) is fixed on the boom of the excavator arm, and the mast (2) is slidably connected to the mounting base (34). The hydraulic motor (31) is fixed on the mounting base (34). The hydraulic motor (31) is linked to the rope reel (33) through the reducer (32). Two steel wire ropes are wound on the rope reel (33) and placed on both sides of the axial direction of the rope reel. One end of each steel wire rope is fixed to the rope reel (33), and the other end is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the mast (2), respectively. The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) also includes a coiled rope ring (351). A spiral groove is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the coiled rope disc (33). The coiled rope ring (351) meshes with the spiral groove. The coiled rope disc (33) rotates and drives the coiled rope ring (351) to move along the axial direction of the coiled rope disc. Two steel wire ropes are wound in the spiral groove, and the two steel wire ropes are respectively placed on both sides of the coiled rope ring (351). A rope guide (35) is provided above the rope reel (33), and two rope guide grooves (350) for threading steel wire ropes are provided on the rope guide (35). The rope loop (351) is fixed to the rope guide (35). A guide shaft (352) is fixed on the mounting base (34). The guide shaft (352) is arranged along the axial direction of the rope winding disc (33), and the rope guide (35) is threaded through the guide shaft (352). The mounting base (34) is provided with two rope guide wheels (36) for guiding the two steel wire ropes; When the mast (2) is not lifting or lowering, that is, when the hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) does not need oil, all the hydraulic oil provided by the hydraulic oil drive unit of the excavator is supplied to the EF port of the priority valve (4), and after passing through the diverter valve (6), it drives the mixing head (21) to rotate. When the mast (2) is raised or lowered, that is, when the hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) needs oil, the hydraulic oil provided by the hydraulic oil drive unit is preferentially supplied to the CF port of the priority valve (4). At this time, the amount of oil supplied to the EF port is reduced, and the speed of the stirring head is reduced. The oil supply ratio of the priority valve (4) to the hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) is controlled by the speed regulating proportional valve (5). The hydraulic motor (31) in the hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) is driven by the hydraulic oil to realize the raising and lowering of the mast (2).

2. The excavator-based mixing mast lifting structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide shaft (352) is a rectangular shaft. A bushing is fixed on the rope guide (35). The bushing is inserted into the rectangular shaft and rotates around the rope disc (33) to drive the rope guide (35) to move axially along the guide shaft (352).

3. The excavator-based mixing mast lifting structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (34) is provided with mounting ears (37), which are fixed to the forearm of the excavator arm.

4. The excavator-based mixing mast lifting structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (34) is provided with a slide rail (341), and the mast (2) is provided with a slider, which cooperates with the slide rail (341).

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