Photovoltaic photo-thermal heat pump system and control method thereof, heat pump unit

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic photo-thermal heat pump system and a control method and a heat pump unit thereof; a refrigerant system of the heat pump system can exchange heat with a water system, an input end of a water pump in the water system is connected with a water supply end and a bottom of a water tank, and an output end of the water pump is connected with a light-heat end inlet of a second photovoltaic photo-thermal component and a water loop inlet of a condenser; a light-heat end outlet of the second photovoltaic photo-thermal component is connected with a top of the water tank and a water use end through a temperature monitor and a second electromagnetic valve; a water loop outlet of the condenser is connected with the top of the water tank and the water use end through a first electromagnetic valve; a central controller is connected with an environmental temperature sensing bag, a water temperature and irradiation intensity detector of the light-heat end outlet of the second photovoltaic photo-thermal component, and is used for acquiring an environmental temperature, the temperature monitor and the irradiation intensity, so as to control the water system; the application can heat water through the second photovoltaic photo-thermal component, can also heat water through a refrigerant loop of the condenser, and improves the COP capacity of the heat pump system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat pump technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic thermal heat pump system and its control method, and a heat pump unit. Background Technology

[0002] With the rise of energy reuse, the waste heat generated by photovoltaic modules has attracted much research. Surveys indicate that photovoltaic power generation efficiency is around 20%, while approximately 80% of the waste heat generated by photovoltaics is wasted. Photovoltaic-thermal heat pumps, products combining photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies, are also under preliminary research.

[0003] In existing technologies, a single photovoltaic thermal module can only meet the needs of power generation or heating, failing to achieve dual-source complementarity and reducing energy utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a photovoltaic thermal heat pump system and its control method, as well as a heat pump unit.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, comprising: a refrigerant system, a water system, and a central controller; the refrigerant in the refrigerant system, after being output from the compressor, passes through the refrigerant circuit of the condenser, an expansion valve, the photothermal end of the first photovoltaic-thermal module, and a vapor-liquid separator, before returning to the compressor; the water system comprises: a water pump, a second photovoltaic-thermal module, and a water tank; the input end of the water pump is connected to the water supply end and the bottom of the water tank, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic-thermal module and the water circuit inlet of the condenser; the outlet of the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic-thermal module is connected to the top of the water tank and the water user end via a temperature monitoring instrument and a second solenoid valve; the water circuit outlet of the condenser is connected to the top of the water tank and the water user end via a first solenoid valve; the central controller is connected to an ambient temperature sensor, the temperature monitoring instrument, and an irradiance detector, for acquiring the ambient temperature, the water temperature at the outlet of the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic-thermal module, and the irradiance, in order to control the water system.

[0007] According to the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic solar thermal module is connected to a refrigerant vapor content monitoring device to obtain the content of vapor refrigerant at the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic solar thermal module.

[0008] According to the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, the height of the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic-thermal component is higher than the height of the solar thermal end inlet of the first photovoltaic-thermal component, so as to separate the vapor and liquid phases by gravity.

[0009] According to the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, the positive photovoltaic electrode of the first photovoltaic-thermal module is connected to the positive current electrode of the central controller, and the negative photovoltaic electrode of the first photovoltaic-thermal module is connected to the negative current electrode of the central controller, forming a current loop. A switch is connected in series in the current loop, and an adjustable resistor is connected in parallel with the switch. The adjustable resistor is used to control the current in the circuit.

[0010] According to the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, the central controller is also connected to the power grid and the electrical equipment in the heat pump system to transmit photovoltaic power to the power grid and the electrical equipment.

[0011] According to the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, the central controller is connected to the photovoltaic end of the second photovoltaic-thermal module.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a photovoltaic thermal heat pump system, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Real-time acquisition of water temperature, ambient temperature, and irradiance at the solar thermal end outlet of the second photovoltaic thermal module;

[0014] When the water temperature at the outlet of the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module is greater than or equal to the preset water temperature, the second solenoid valve is opened, and the water pump draws cold water from the bottom of the water tank and delivers it to the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module, while the hot water from the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module is pumped to the water user or stored in the water tank; otherwise, the second solenoid valve is closed.

[0015] When the irradiation intensity is lower than the preset irradiation intensity and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the refrigerant circuit of the condenser heats the water in the water circuit of the condenser to supplement and increase the water temperature in the water system.

[0016] According to the control method described above, the control method further includes:

[0017] Before the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system is put into operation, the first and second solenoid valves are opened. The water pump supplies water to the water tank, the water circuit of the condenser, and the solar thermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module through the water supply end. After the water supply is completed, the first and second solenoid valves are closed.

[0018] According to the control method described above, the control method further includes:

[0019] Real-time monitoring of the vapor refrigerant content at the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic thermal module;

[0020] When the content of gaseous refrigerant is greater than the preset content, the switch connected in series in the current loop between the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module and the central controller is turned on. Part of the power generated by the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module is transmitted to the grid through the central controller, and the other part is used to supply power to the electrical equipment of the heat pump system through the central controller.

[0021] When the content of the vaporized refrigerant is less than or equal to the preset content, the switch is disconnected. By changing the size of the adjustable resistor connected in parallel with the switch, the power supply current of the central controller to the first photovoltaic thermal module is controlled to assist in the vaporization of the refrigerant.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides a heat pump unit, including the above-described photovoltaic thermal heat pump system.

[0023] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when loaded onto the processor, implements the control method described above.

[0024] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program, when running, controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the control method described above.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0026] 1. The water system designed in this invention includes a water circuit of a condenser and a second photovoltaic thermal module. It can not only heat water through the second photovoltaic thermal module, but also, in the case of insufficient irradiance and low ambient temperature, connect the water circuit of the condenser with the passage between the top of the water tank and the water-using end, and heat the water system through the refrigerant circuit of the condenser, thereby achieving dual-source control, improving energy utilization, and enhancing the COP capability of the heat pump system.

[0027] 2. The present invention controls the flow of electrical energy bidirectionally through a central controller. When the refrigerant is not fully vaporized, the central controller supplies energy in reverse to heat the first photovoltaic module, thereby further improving the degree of refrigerant vaporization and ensuring that the refrigerant meets the vaporization requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Compressor; 2. Condenser; 3. Expansion valve; 4. First photovoltaic thermal module; 5. Vapor-liquid separator; 6. Water pump; 7. Water tank; 8. Second photovoltaic thermal module; 9. Refrigerant vapor content monitoring device; T. Temperature monitor; K1. First solenoid valve; K2. Second solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0033] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0034] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0035] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0036] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0037] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a photovoltaic thermal heat pump system, including: a refrigerant system and a water system.

[0039] After being output from compressor 1, the refrigerant in the refrigerant system passes through the refrigerant circuit of condenser 2, expansion valve 3, the photothermal end of the first photovoltaic thermal component 4, and vapor-liquid separator 5 before returning to compressor 1.

[0040] The water system includes: a water pump 6, a second photovoltaic thermal module 8, and a water tank 7. The input end of the water pump 6 is connected to the water supply end and the bottom of the water tank. The output end of the water pump 6 is connected to the inlet of the photovoltaic thermal module 8 and the water circuit inlet of the condenser 2. The outlet of the photovoltaic thermal module 8 is connected to the top of the water tank and the water user end through a temperature monitoring instrument T and a second solenoid valve K2. The water circuit outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the top of the water tank and the water user end through a first solenoid valve K1.

[0041] The central controller is connected to an ambient temperature sensor, a temperature monitor T, and an irradiance detector to obtain the ambient temperature, the water temperature at the solar thermal end outlet of the second photovoltaic thermal module 8, and the irradiance, so as to control the water system.

[0042] Preferably, but not limitingly, the ambient temperature sensor and the irradiance detector are located in the external environment and close to the second photovoltaic thermal module 8.

[0043] Preferably, but not limitingly, the photothermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic-thermal module 4 is connected to the refrigerant vapor content monitoring device 9 to obtain the content of vapor refrigerant at the photothermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic-thermal module 4.

[0044] Preferably, but not limitingly, the height of the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic solar thermal module 4 is higher than the height of the solar thermal end inlet of the first photovoltaic solar thermal module 8, so as to separate the vapor and liquid phases by gravity.

[0045] Preferably, but not limitingly, the positive photovoltaic electrode of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 is connected to the positive current electrode of the central controller, and the negative photovoltaic electrode of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 is connected to the negative current electrode of the central controller, forming a current loop. A switch S is connected in series in the current loop, and an adjustable resistor R is connected in parallel to the switch S. The adjustable resistor R is used to control the current in the circuit.

[0046] Preferably, but not limitingly, the photovoltaic end of the second photovoltaic thermal module 8 is connected to the central controller.

[0047] Preferably, but not limitingly, the central controller is also connected to the power grid and the electrical equipment in the heat pump system to deliver photovoltaic power to the power grid and the electrical equipment.

[0048] The central controller is used to control the power generation of the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4, control valves, and monitor status.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a control method for a photovoltaic thermal heat pump system, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step S210: Real-time acquisition of water temperature, ambient temperature and irradiance at the solar thermal end outlet of the second photovoltaic thermal module 8;

[0051] Step S220: When the water temperature at the outlet of the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module 8 is greater than or equal to the preset water temperature, the second solenoid valve K2 is opened, the water pump draws cold water from the bottom of the water tank and delivers it to the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module 8, and the hot water from the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module 8 is pumped to the water user or stored in the water tank; otherwise, the second solenoid valve K2 is closed.

[0052] Step S230: When the irradiation intensity is lower than the preset irradiation intensity and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature, the first solenoid valve K1 is opened, and the refrigerant circuit of the condenser 2 heats the water in the water circuit of the condenser 2 to supplement and increase the water temperature in the water system.

[0053] For example, on cloudy or snowy days, when the second photovoltaic thermal module 8 cannot meet the water temperature requirements through sunlight, step S230 is executed.

[0054] This cycle repeats to achieve the goal of switching between dual sources.

[0055] Preferably, but not limitingly, the control method further includes: before the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system is running, opening the first solenoid valve K1 and the second solenoid valve K2, and supplying water to the water tank, the water circuit of the condenser and the solar thermal end of the second photovoltaic-thermal component 8 through the water supply end; after the water supply is completed, closing the first solenoid valve K1 and the second solenoid valve K2.

[0056] Preferably, but not limitingly, the control method further includes:

[0057] Real-time monitoring of the vapor refrigerant content at the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4;

[0058] When the content of the gaseous refrigerant is greater than the preset content, the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 collects solar energy to generate electricity, and switches S connected in series in the current loop between the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 and the central controller are turned on. Part of the electricity generated by the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 is transmitted to the grid through the central controller, and the other part is used to supply power to the electrical equipment of the heat pump system through the central controller.

[0059] Since the expansion valve output port contains a gas-liquid mixture, this mixture, after entering the photothermal end of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4, will affect the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the first photovoltaic thermal module 4, and will also affect vaporization in inclement weather. The simultaneous presence of gas and liquid states will increase thermal resistance, affecting the photothermal conversion efficiency. The central controller provides reverse power to the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 to increase its temperature and assist vaporization. During heating, to ensure temperature control, when the content of the vaporized refrigerant is less than or equal to a preset content, switch S is disconnected. By changing the value of the adjustable resistor R connected in parallel with switch S, the magnitude of the power supply current from the central controller to the first photovoltaic thermal module 4 is controlled to assist in the vaporization of the refrigerant.

[0060] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a heat pump unit, including the above-mentioned photovoltaic thermal heat pump system.

[0061] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is loaded onto the processor, it implements the control method described above.

[0062] Embodiment 5 of the present invention provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the control method disclosed in the present invention.

[0063] Storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples of storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination thereof. Storage media as used herein is not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0064] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper cables, fiber optic cables, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to storage media within the respective computing / processing device.

[0065] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system, characterized in that, include: Refrigerant system, water system and central controller; In the refrigerant system, the refrigerant, after being output from the compressor, passes through the refrigerant circuit of the condenser, the expansion valve, the photothermal end of the first photovoltaic thermal component, and the vapor-liquid separator before returning to the compressor. The water system includes: a water pump, a second photovoltaic thermal module, and a water tank. The input end of the water pump is connected to the water supply end and the bottom of the water tank. The output end of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the photovoltaic thermal module and the water circuit inlet of the condenser. The outlet of the photovoltaic thermal module is connected to the top of the water tank and the water user end via a temperature monitor and a second solenoid valve. The water circuit outlet of the condenser is connected to the top of the water tank and the water user end via a first solenoid valve. The central controller is connected to the ambient temperature sensor, the temperature monitor and the irradiance detector to obtain the ambient temperature, the water temperature at the solar thermal end outlet of the second photovoltaic thermal module and the irradiance, so as to control the water system. The photothermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic thermal module is connected to a refrigerant vapor content monitoring device to obtain the content of vapor refrigerant at the photothermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic thermal module; The positive photovoltaic electrode of the first photovoltaic thermal module is connected to the positive current electrode of the central controller, and the negative photovoltaic electrode of the first photovoltaic thermal module is connected to the negative current electrode of the central controller, forming a current loop, in which a switch is connected in series.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic solar thermal module is higher than the height of the solar thermal end inlet of the first photovoltaic solar thermal module, so as to separate the gas and liquid phases by gravity.

3. The photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch is connected in parallel with an adjustable resistor, which is used to control the current in the circuit.

4. The photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central controller is also connected to the power grid and the electrical equipment in the heat pump system to deliver photovoltaic power to the power grid and the electrical equipment.

5. The photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central controller is connected to the photovoltaic end of the second photovoltaic thermal module.

6. A control method for a photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Real-time acquisition of water temperature, ambient temperature, and irradiance at the solar thermal end outlet of the second photovoltaic thermal module; When the water temperature at the outlet of the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module is greater than or equal to the preset water temperature, the second solenoid valve is opened, and the water pump draws cold water from the bottom of the water tank and delivers it to the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module, while the hot water from the photothermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module is pumped to the water user or stored in the water tank; otherwise, the second solenoid valve is closed. When the irradiation intensity is lower than the preset irradiation intensity and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the refrigerant circuit of the condenser heats the water in the water circuit of the condenser to supplement and increase the water temperature in the water system.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control method further includes: Before the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system is put into operation, the first and second solenoid valves are opened. The water pump supplies water to the water tank, the water circuit of the condenser, and the solar thermal end of the second photovoltaic thermal module through the water supply end. After the water supply is completed, the first and second solenoid valves are closed.

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control method further includes: Real-time monitoring of the vapor refrigerant content at the solar thermal end outlet of the first photovoltaic thermal module; When the content of gaseous refrigerant is greater than the preset content, the switch connected in series in the current loop between the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module and the central controller is turned on. Part of the power generated by the photovoltaic end of the first photovoltaic thermal module is transmitted to the grid through the central controller, and the other part is used to supply power to the electrical equipment of the heat pump system through the central controller. When the content of the vaporized refrigerant is less than or equal to the preset content, the switch is disconnected. By changing the size of the adjustable resistor connected in parallel with the switch, the power supply current of the central controller to the first photovoltaic thermal module is controlled to assist in the vaporization of the refrigerant.

9. A heat pump unit, characterized in that: Including the photovoltaic thermal heat pump system as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the computer program is loaded into the processor, it implements the control method according to any one of claims 6-8.

11. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device containing the storage medium to perform the control method according to any one of claims 6-8.

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