A device for transplanting and ridging seedlings and a working method

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of crop seedling transplanting ridge forming and soil covering device and working method, it is related to crop transplanting field, to the problem that single plant crop seedling is transplanted and is prone to break and overturn due to component scratch, soil impact, by the working area of the front wide and the back narrow formed by transplanting ridge forming plate, independent transplanting channel is provided for single plant crop seedling, the seedling trench opened by ditching plate in working area can directly adapt to the needs of single seedling, without being limited to seedling raising mode, break through the adaptation limitation of existing equipment, the bottom end of ditching plate is higher than the bottom end of transplanting ridge forming plate, when the device advances, after single plant crop seedling is inserted into the trench, the bottom end of transplanting ridge forming plate will not directly scratch seedling body;Meanwhile, soil is overflowed through the height reduction part during ridge forming, avoid soil accumulation and extrusion seedling body, reduce the hard impact of seedling body and machine, reduce the risk of breakage, the soil is compacted by the ridge compaction angle of dynamic section, so that the soil and seedling root are closely attached, and the seedling-soil synergistic effect is strengthened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop transplanting, specifically to a device and method for ridging and covering crop seedlings during transplanting. Background Technology

[0002] From the early seedling stage to the later stage of field growth, crop seedlings require a high level of labor input. If the process is not handled properly, it can easily lead to the death of crop seedlings. At present, the agricultural machinery and equipment (especially transplanting equipment) for large-scale crop seedling planting in the field lacks the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, making it difficult to ensure the successful transplanting of crop seedlings into the field.

[0003] The main problem lies in the fact that crop seedlings are relatively tender and easily broken or damaged during machine operation. Some existing transplanting machines use a sliding chute to transport chain seedling pots, which can quickly transplant crop seedlings raised using chain seedling raising tools into the soil. However, these machines are only suitable for chain seedling pot raising and cannot be adapted for transplanting single crop seedlings. The synergy between the crop seedling and the soil when transplanted is insufficient, making it impossible to achieve a certain depth of transplanting. Single-stage transplanting equipment can only meet the needs of the current stage of the operation and cannot effectively achieve continuous multi-stage transplanting operations, resulting in poor soil covering and even causing crop seedlings to overturn, affecting their survival rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a crop seedling transplanting ridging and covering device and its working method. The device is equipped with a transplanting ridging board and a ditching board to achieve a continuous operation of multiple stages, including ridging, ditching, transplanting, covering, and ridge consolidation. The height reduction section at the top of the ridging forming section provides an overflow channel for the soil gathered above, allowing excess soil to overflow over the height reduction section, thereby preventing backflow of soil from impacting the crop seedlings and causing them to overturn. The compaction angle of the ridge dynamic section compacts the soil, ensuring close contact between the soil and the seedling roots, thus strengthening the synergistic effect between the seedling and the soil.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a device for ridging and covering crop seedlings during transplanting, which employs the following solution: It includes a transplanting ridging board and a furrowing board. A pair of transplanting ridging boards are distributed relatively alternately and form a working area that is wider in front and narrower in the back between them. The furrowing board is located in the working area. When the pair of transplanting ridging boards are ridging, the soil converges at a point that flows backward relative to the crop seedlings and has a reverse flow speed. The bottom end of the furrowing board is located above the bottom end of the transplanting ridging board. The front end of the bottom of the transplanting ridging board slopes inward toward the working area to form the ridge initiation angle, and the rear end of the bottom of the transplanting ridging board slopes inward toward the working area to form the ridge compaction angle, and the ridge initiation angle is smaller than the ridge compaction angle. Along the direction of travel, the transplanting ridging board has a ridging forming section and a ridging dynamic section distributed in sequence. The top of the ridging forming section has a height reduction section that extends to the top of the ridging dynamic section, so that the collected soil can pass over the overflow and reduce the backflow speed.

[0006] Furthermore, the front end of the work area is the inlet end, and the rear end is the outlet end, with the vertical height of the inlet end being greater than that of the outlet end.

[0007] Furthermore, the front end of the transplanting ridging board extends downward, so that the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board is located below the bottom of the rear end of the transplanting ridging board, and the bottom end of the crop seedling after transplanting is located below the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board.

[0008] Furthermore, the trenching plate is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the rear of the working area, the top of the trenching plate extending above the working area, and the bottom end protruding into the working area.

[0009] Furthermore, the area where the transplanting ridging board contacts the soil is the ridging edge area, and the intersection of the ridging edge areas of a pair of transplanting ridging boards forms the soil covering edge area, and the soil flow velocity in the soil covering edge area is the reverse flow velocity.

[0010] Furthermore, a collaborative working area is formed between the soil covering edge and the trenching board to accommodate crop seedlings.

[0011] Furthermore, the soil within the covered edge flows towards the collaborative working area and provides sinking force for the crop seedlings.

[0012] Furthermore, the transplanting ridging board and the furrowing board are connected to an external traction device, and the interaction speed between the transplanting ridging board and the soil, the furrowing speed of the furrowing board, and the planting speed of the crop seedlings are kept synchronized.

[0013] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a seedling transplanting ridging and soil-covering device, comprising: During the process, the ridging section of the transplanting ridging board first contacts the pre-static area of ​​the soil leveling layer. The bottom front end of the ridging start angle lifts the soil in the pre-static area upward and initially gathers it into the working area. At the same time, the height reduction section at the top of the ridging section provides an overflow channel for the excess soil gathered above. As they continue, the trenching board in the work area simultaneously opens planting trenches in the initially gathered soil, and the crop seedlings are planted in the trenches. Due to the height difference between the trenching board and the transplanting ridge board, the seedlings obtain the pre-transplanting depth. As the ridge-forming dynamic section progresses, it comes into contact with the soil that has been initially gathered by the ridge-forming section. The compaction angle at the bottom rear end of the ridge further gathers the soil into the working area, compacting and solidifying the ridge surface. During this process, the soil on both sides converges into the working area, and some soil flows backward relative to the transplanted crop seedlings, forming a reverse flow velocity. Meanwhile, the height reduction section continuously supplies soil to overflow, maintaining the reverse flow velocity within a safe range and preventing the seedlings from being overturned. Within the groove area formed on the back side of the trenching board, the soil covering edges on both sides tilt inward under the action of sinking force, enabling immediate soil covering of transplanted seedlings in the unstable stage of sowing, forming a collaborative operation area; The soil, after being compacted and shaped by the dynamic ridging process, forms a standardized ridge. The transplanted seedlings are then covered with soil to fix them in place, thus becoming transplanted seedlings.

[0014] Furthermore, the interaction speed between the transplanting ridge board and the soil, the furrowing speed of the furrowing board, and the planting speed of the crop seedlings are kept synchronized.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the current problem of seedling breakage and overturning during single-plant transplanting due to component scraping and soil impact, a transplanting ridging board creates a working area that is wider at the front and narrower at the back, providing an independent transplanting channel for each seedling. The planting furrows created by the furrowing board within the working area can be directly adapted to the sowing needs of single seedlings, without being limited by the seedling cultivation method, thus overcoming the adaptation limitations of existing equipment. The bottom of the furrowing board is higher than the bottom of the transplanting ridging board, so when the device moves and the seedling is inserted into the furrow, the bottom of the transplanting ridging board will not directly scrape the seedling; at the same time, during the ridging process, the soil is lowered by the external soil level. The soil overflow prevents soil accumulation from compressing the seedlings, reducing the hard impact between the seedlings and the machinery and soil, lowering the risk of breakage. The compaction angle of the ridge dynamic section compacts the soil, ensuring close contact between the soil and the seedling roots, strengthening the synergistic effect between the seedlings and soil. During ridge making, the soil at the intersection will flow backward relative to the crop seedlings, and the reduced height at the top of the ridge forming section provides an overflow channel for the soil gathered above. Excess soil can overflow over the reduced height section, avoiding excessive soil accumulation that would cause excessive backflow speed, thus ensuring uniform soil covering, preventing backflow of soil from impacting the crop seedlings and causing them to overturn, and improving the survival rate.

[0016] By defining the soil covering edge, the key area where soil converges towards the seedling can be accurately located. As the core area where soil converges, the flow state of the soil covering edge directly determines the amount of soil covering and the backflow speed. By controlling the soil flow in the soil covering edge through height reduction and angle design, excessive backflow of soil or insufficient soil covering can be avoided more efficiently, ensuring uniform soil coverage around the seedling.

[0017] When the soil flows to the collaborative work area, it wraps around the roots of the seedling, reducing the gap between the roots and the soil. At the same time, the downward force pushes the bottom of the seedling to extend further downward, ensuring that the roots penetrate into a more suitable soil layer, improving the tightness of the connection between the seedling and the soil, and preventing lodging later due to shallow roots.

[0018] The entire device also carried out mathematical model construction between the design parameters of the main transplanting components. Taking the ridge height as the initial design value, the design basis was given for key parameters such as the length, width, height and angle of the front and rear ends of the furrowing plate. This not only ensured the success rate of transplanting seedlings, but also constructed a relatively standard ridge transplanting design model. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device in one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device in one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device in one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device in one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the design calculation principle of a crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1. Soil leveling layer; 101. Pre-static zone; 102. Ridge edge zone; 103. Soil covering edge zone; 2. Travel speed; 3. Transplanting ridge board; 301. Ridge forming section; 302. Ridge dynamic section; 4. Ditching board; 5. Transplanting seedling; 6. Transplanted crop seedling; 7. Formed ridge; 8. Sinking force; 9. Backflow speed; 10. Fixed gap; 11. Transplanting depth; 12. Ridge starting angle; 13. Ridge compaction angle; 14. Height reduction trench; 15. Cooperative operation area. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, a device for ridging and covering soil for transplanting crop seedlings is presented.

[0023] Crop seedlings have poor adaptability and are easily broken and damaged. Existing transplanters can only be used with chain-type seedling pots, which cannot meet the transplanting needs of individual crop seedlings. Furthermore, crop seedlings are delicate, and the lack of specific protective design during machine operation makes them prone to breakage due to component scraping or soil impact. Poor contact between transplanted seedlings and soil prevents them from reaching the appropriate planting depth, hindering effective root development. The lack of immediate soil covering further exacerbates seedling instability. Disconnections exist between the ridging, transplanting, and soil covering stages, preventing a coherent workflow and leading to untimely or uneven soil covering, or even seedling overturning due to backflow of soil. Based on this, this embodiment provides a crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device, which is equipped with a transplanting ridging plate 3 and a ditching plate 4 to realize the continuous operation of multiple links such as ridging, ditching, transplanting, soil covering and ridge consolidation. The height reduction section at the top of the ridging forming section 301 provides an overflow channel for the soil gathered at the top. Excess soil can overflow over the height reduction section, thereby avoiding backflow of soil impacting the crop seedling and causing it to overturn. The ridge compaction angle 13 of the ridging dynamic section 302 compacts the soil, so that the soil and the seedling roots are closely attached, which strengthens the synergistic effect between seedling and soil.

[0024] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device mainly includes a transplanting ridging plate 3 and a furrowing plate 4. A pair of transplanting ridging plates 3 are used, spaced apart and forming a working area that is wider at the front and narrower at the back. The wider front design of the working area allows for the acceptance of more soil at the front, laying the foundation for subsequent ridging; the narrower back design guides the soil towards the center, meeting the agronomical requirements for ridging formation, while providing a concentrated working space for crop seedling transplanting. The furrowing plate 4 is arranged within the working area.

[0025] In this embodiment, the end located at the front along the direction of travel is the front end, and the end located at the rear is the rear end. For the transplanting ridging board 3, its bottom is divided into a front end and a rear end along the direction of travel, both inclined inwards towards the working area. The inward inclination of the front end of the transplanting ridging board 3 forms a ridge-forming initiation angle 12, and the inward inclination of the rear end of the transplanting ridging board 3 forms a ridge-forming compaction angle 13, with the ridge-forming initiation angle 12 being smaller than the ridge-forming compaction angle 13. This differentiated design of the two angles corresponds to different stages of soil treatment, achieving a progressive ridging effect of initial ridge formation and deep compaction.

[0026] Along the direction of travel, the transplanting ridging plate 3 is sequentially provided with a ridging forming section 301 and a ridging dynamic section 302. The former is used for the initial aggregation of soil, and the latter realizes the further aggregation of soil and the shaping of the ridge. At the same time, a height reduction section is provided at the top of the ridging forming section 301, which extends to the top of the ridging dynamic section 302 to form a through soil overflow channel.

[0027] The trenching board 4 is located within the working area formed by the transplanting ridging board 3, and its bottom end is higher than the bottom end of the transplanting ridging board 3, ensuring that the trenching board 4 can complete the trenching action simultaneously during the ridging process. The height difference design reserves space for the pre-transplanting depth 11 of the crop seedlings.

[0028] Specifically, the transplanting ridging board 3 has an inward tilt angle set vertically, which is divided into a ridging initiation angle 12 and a ridging compaction angle 13θ2 along the driving direction, and increases sequentially. The ridging initiation angle 12θ1 mainly gathers the soil in the previous stationary area 101 upward, while the ridging compaction angle 13θ2 mainly gathers the soil in the ridging dynamic section 302 inward to form a ridge surface and has a solidifying effect. An angled height reduction groove 14 is set at the upper edge of the ridging forming section 301 of the transplanting ridging board 3, so that the soil in the upper ridging has enough space to overflow directly, reducing the backflow velocity 9 and reducing the overturning of the transplanted seedlings.

[0029] In this embodiment, instead of relying on a specific seedling carrier, such as a chain seedling pot, the front-wide and back-narrow working area formed by the transplanting ridging board 3 provides an independent transplanting channel for each crop seedling. The planting trench opened by the trenching board 4 in the working area can be directly adapted to the sowing needs of a single seedling, without being limited by the seedling raising method, thus breaking through the adaptation limitations of existing equipment.

[0030] The bottom of the furrowing plate 4 is higher than the bottom of the transplanting ridging plate 3. When the device moves, the furrowing plate 4 can contact the soil after the transplanting ridging plate 3 has formed ridges and open furrows. After the crop seedlings are inserted into the furrows, the bottom of the transplanting ridging plate 3 will not directly scrape the seedlings. At the same time, during the ridging process, the soil overflows through the lowering section, avoiding soil accumulation and squeezing of the seedlings, reducing the hard impact between the seedlings and the machinery and soil, and reducing the risk of breakage.

[0031] A pair of transplanting ridging boards 3, with a working area that is wider at the front and narrower at the back, guide the soil to converge towards the center. The furrowing board 4 opens furrows in the convergence area. After the crop seedling is inserted, the soil on both sides naturally converges towards the seedling during the ridging process. At the same time, the compaction angle 13 of the ridging dynamic section 302 compacts the soil, making the soil and the roots of the seedling closely adhere to each other, thus strengthening the synergistic effect between the seedling and the soil.

[0032] The process of controlling the transplanting depth 11: The height difference between the bottom of the furrowing board 4 and the bottom of the transplanting ridge board 3 ensures that the depth of the planting furrow (i.e. the pre-transplanting depth 11 of the crop seedlings) is stable; when the soil is compacted in the subsequent ridge dynamic section 302, the soil will not be excessively buried or the seedlings will be exposed, so that the transplanting depth 11 of the crop seedlings is maintained within a suitable range to meet the rooting needs.

[0033] In this embodiment, multi-stage continuous operation can be achieved. The ridging forming section 301 and the dynamic ridging section 302 of the transplanting ridging board 3, together with the ditching board 4, form a continuous process of ridging-ditching-transplanting-covering soil-stabilizing. When the device moves, the ridging forming section 301 first gathers the soil, the ditching board 4 simultaneously digs the ditch and plants the seedlings, and the dynamic ridging section 302 then compacts the soil to complete the covering soil and ridging formation. There is no need for segmented operation, realizing multi-stage integration. This optimizes the soil covering effect and prevents the seedlings from tipping over.

[0034] In this embodiment, during ridging, the soil at the intersection will flow backward relative to the crop seedlings, forming a backflow velocity 9. The reduced height at the top of the ridging forming section 301 provides an overflow channel for the soil gathered at the top. Excess soil can overflow over the reduced height, avoiding excessive soil accumulation that would cause the backflow velocity 9 to be too fast. At the same time, the design of a small ridging starting angle 12 and a large ridging compaction angle 13 allows the soil to first slowly gather to reduce impact, and then deeply compact to stabilize the ridge. This ensures uniform soil coverage and avoids backflow soil impacting the seedlings and causing them to overturn.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the front end of the work area is the inlet, and the rear end is the outlet. The vertical height of the inlet is greater than that of the outlet.

[0036] Specifically, corresponding Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The transplanting ridging plate 3 has a V-shaped design with openings on both sides. The distance between the inlet ends is D1 and the height is S1, and the distance between the outlet ends is D2 and the height is S2. D2 is the designed ridge width. The transplanting ridging plate 3 includes a ridging forming section 301 and a ridging dynamic section 302. The transplanting ridging plate 3 moves forward at a speed of V0 2 under the power of the engine and interacts with the soil leveling layer 1.

[0037] During the forward movement, the ridging section 301 of the transplanting ridging board 3 first contacts the front stationary area 101 of the soil leveling layer 1, gathering the soil inward. Then, the ridging dynamic section 302 of the transplanting ridging board 3 contacts the ridging edge area 102 of the soil leveling layer 1. The soil flow is adjusted by the transplanting ridging board 3 to form a standard shaped ridge 7. A furrowing board 4 is set at the center of the transplanting ridging board 3. The furrowing board 4 is arranged in an arc shape with a width of D3 and a height of H3.

[0038] The ridged soil formed after the ridging section 301 contacts the pre-static region 101 of the soil leveling layer 1 is called the ridging edge region 102. This part of the soil has a certain degree of instability and flows backward relative to the transplanted seedling in the longitudinal direction, which is called the backflow velocity 9, and the velocity is V. QThe reverse flow velocity 9 has an overturning effect on the transplanted seedlings. Laterally, under the action of the sinking force 8F1, it has an overturning flow that converges inwards, mainly to achieve immediate coverage of the transplanted seedlings 5, thus achieving a highly efficient and coordinated transplanting effect. As the process continues, the transplanting action of the seedlings 5 ​​is also completed, and the soil forms a shaped ridge 7 under the action of the outlet end of the transplanting ridging plate 3.

[0039] The working area features a higher vertical inlet and a lower outlet, creating a vertical gradient. This gradient allows the soil to flow naturally downwards upon entering the working area, preventing soil accumulation at the front and hindering ridging. Simultaneously, the lower outlet height, combined with the wider front and narrower rear transverse structure, further compresses the soil volume and improves ridge compaction. This guides the soil to gradually fill the gaps around the crop seedling roots, reducing voids between the soil and the seedlings. The lower outlet height also allows the dynamic ridging section 302 to more precisely control the ridge height during soil compaction, preventing excessive soil burying of the seedlings while ensuring ridge structural stability, reducing the risk of later collapse, and indirectly improving the stability of the seedling survival environment.

[0040] The front end of the transplanting ridging board 3 extends downwards, so that the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board 3 is below the bottom of the rear end of the transplanting ridging board 3. After transplanting, the bottom of the crop seedling is located below the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board 3, controlling the transplanting depth 11. The front end of the transplanting ridging board 3 extends downwards, so that the bottom of the front end is lower than the bottom of the rear end, forming a bottom gradient of low front and high back; at the same time, it is clear that the bottom of the crop seedling after transplanting is located below the bottom of the front end, and the lowest transplanting position of the seedling is locked by the height difference of the bottom of the components.

[0041] The physical structure limits the minimum transplanting depth 11 for the seedlings. The front bottom contacts the soil first, forming a deeper initial groove. When the furrowing plate 4 furrows on this basis, the insertion depth of the seedling is naturally lower than the front bottom, avoiding insufficient sinking of the seedling due to loose soil. The rear bottom is higher to prevent excessive soil coverage of the top of the seedling during ridging, ensuring that the roots of the seedling are deeply rooted and the upper part is upright, meeting the agronomic requirements for the precise transplanting depth 11. Figure 3 As shown, S2 is the height of the raised bed after molding.

[0042] The trenching plate 4 is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the rear of the working area. The top of the trenching plate 4 extends above the working area, and the bottom extends into the working area. The concave surface of the arc-shaped trenching plate 4 faces the rear of the working area, forming a backward-concave curved surface. The top extending above the working area can receive crop seedlings transported by the external seedling planting mechanism, while the bottom extending into the working area ensures that the trenching depth is synchronized with the ridging action.

[0043] The bottom of the furrowing board 4 is a certain height higher than the bottom edge of the transplanting ridging board 3, which is called the fixed gap 10H1. This ensures that the transplanted seedlings have a certain pre-transplanting depth 11, avoiding interference from soil flow during the transplanting process. The transplanting depth of the seedlings should be lower than the bottom edge of the transplanting ridging board 3, which is called the transplanting depth 11H2, to maximize the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings.

[0044] The furrowing board 4 is set at a height of H3. After contacting the soil leveling layer 1, it forms three soil regions: the front static region 101, the ridging edge region 102, and the soil covering edge region 103. After the furrowing board 4 moves, a temporary blank depth furrow is formed. At this time, the transplanting seedling 5 is clamped by the existing sowing device and then lowered to a certain depth H2 in the temporary blank depth furrow area, where H2 is greater than H1, so as to ensure that the bottom of the crop seedling after transplanting is located below the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board 3.

[0045] The curved concave surface guides the crop seedlings to slide smoothly into the planting trench, preventing the seedlings from tilting or getting stuck during the descent; the top of the working area is adapted to the conveying height of the external planting mechanism, so that the seedling conveying path can be adjusted without additional adjustments, and the precise docking of a single seedling can be achieved; the bottom protrudes into the working area to ensure that the trenching depth matches the gathering progress of the ridging soil, leaving a stable space for the seedling insertion, further improving the adaptability and stability of single seedling transplanting.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the area where the transplanting ridging board 3 contacts the soil is the ridging edge area 102. The intersection of the ridging edges 102 of a pair of transplanting ridging boards 3 forms the soil covering edge area 103. The soil flow velocity of the soil covering edge area 103 is the reverse flow velocity 9. A collaborative working area is formed between the soil covering edge area 103 and the furrowing board 4 to accommodate the crop seedlings. Specifically, the rear side of the furrowing board 4 is a continuous groove. The soil covering edges 103 on both sides tilt inward under the action of the sinking force 8. At this time, the transplanting seedlings 5 ​​are in the unstable stage of transplanting. With the soil flow, this area forms a triangular area with multiple factors coupled, which is called the collaborative working area 15. The collaborative working area is defined between the soil covering edge area 103 and the furrowing board 4. This area can just accommodate the crop seedlings that need to be stabilized, forming a transition buffer zone for furrowing, planting, and soil covering stabilization.

[0047] The collaborative working area provides a stable space for crop seedlings. After the seedlings are inserted, they are initially placed in this area. At this time, the soil in the soil covering edge 103 is not yet fully compacted, and the uprightness of the seedlings can be adjusted by slow flow. At the same time, the trenching plate 4 and the soil covering edge 103 restrict the direction of soil flow, preventing the soil from impacting the seedlings from the side, thus laying a stable foundation for subsequent soil covering and stabilization.

[0048] The soil at the edge of the covering zone 103 flows towards the collaborative working area and provides a sinking force 8, enhancing the synergy between seedlings and soil and promoting root development. The sinking force 8 is not an external force, but rather a centripetal pressure naturally formed during the ridging process, which can push the seedlings deeper into the soil. As the soil flows towards the collaborative working area, it wraps around the roots from all sides of the seedling, reducing the gaps between the roots and the soil. At the same time, the sinking force 8 pushes the bottom of the seedling further downward, ensuring that the roots penetrate into a more suitable soil layer, improving the tightness of the bond between the seedling and the soil, and preventing lodging later due to shallow rooting.

[0049] Through the linkage control of external traction equipment, the interaction speed between the transplanting ridging board 3 and the soil (rice ridging speed), the furrowing speed of the furrowing board 4, and the planting speed of the crop seedlings are kept consistent, forming a speed closed loop.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, ignoring the influence of the vertical angle design of the transplanting ridging board 3, the design of the furrowing board 4 and the transplanting ridging board 3 must meet the following requirements: Figure 5 The formula shown requires that sufficient soil be tilted inward under the sinking force 8 of the soil covering edge 103 on both sides to ensure the soil covering effect, while preventing excessive backflow speed 9 from causing destructive overturning of the transplanted seedlings.

[0051] In this embodiment, the ridging and covering process conforms to the following formula: ; ; ; V 差 The difference in soil volume between the front and rear of the trenching plate 4 is represented by D1, S1 is the vertical height of the inlet end of the working area, D2 is the distance between the outlet ends, S2 is the vertical height of the outlet end, V0 is the device travel speed, Δt is the time for transplanting a single crop seedling, D3 is the width of the trenching plate 4, H3 is the height of the trenching plate 4, and L is the length of the collaborative working area.

[0052] By limiting the ratio between the "soil volume difference before and after trenching board 4" and the "soil volume in the collaborative working area" to a ratio of 2 to 4, sufficient soil is ensured to flow from the soil-covering edges 103 on both sides to the collaborative working area. Under the action of "sinking force 8", the soil tilts inward, providing sufficient soil cover for the crop seedlings and ensuring that the roots of the seedlings are in close contact with the soil. This also avoids excessive soil volume difference leading to excessively fast backflow speed 9, preventing the backflowing soil from impacting the crop seedlings in the unstable stage of transplanting, thereby avoiding seedling overturning and ensuring the survival rate of transplanted seedlings.

[0053] As the ridging board advances a certain distance, the ditching board 4 opens a planting furrow of the corresponding length. Simultaneously, the planting mechanism inserts the crop seedlings into the furrows, avoiding situations where soil accumulates due to over-reasing or seedlings are exposed due to over-planting. All actions are seamlessly connected, truly realizing integrated continuous operation of ridging, ditching, planting, and covering with soil, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0054] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, a working method of a crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device is given, which utilizes the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as in Example 1.

[0055] A method for operating a crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device includes: During the process, the ridging section 301 of the transplanting ridging board 3 first contacts the front stationary area 101 of the soil leveling layer 1. The ridge-forming angle 12 at the bottom front end lifts the soil in the front stationary area 101 upward and initially gathers it into the working area. At the same time, the height reduction section at the top of the ridging section 301 provides an overflow channel for the excess soil gathered in the upper part. As the process continues, the trenching board 4, located in the work area, simultaneously opens planting trenches in the initially gathered soil. Crop seedlings are planted in the trenches. Due to the height difference between the trenching board 4 and the transplanting ridge board 3, the seedlings achieve a pre-transplanting depth of 11. As the ridge-forming dynamic section 302 moves forward, it comes into contact with the soil that has been initially gathered by the ridge-forming section 301. The compaction angle 13 at the bottom rear end of the section further gathers the soil into the working area, compacting and solidifying the ridge surface. During this process, the soil on both sides converges into the working area, and some soil flows backward relative to the transplanted crop seedlings, forming a backflow velocity 9. Meanwhile, the height reduction section continuously supplies soil to overflow, maintaining the backflow velocity 9 within a safe range to prevent the seedlings from being overturned. Within the groove area formed on the rear side of the trenching board 4, the soil covering edges 103 on both sides tilt inward under the action of the sinking force 8, so as to achieve immediate soil covering for the transplanted seedlings 5 ​​that are in the unstable stage of sowing, forming a collaborative operation area 15. The soil, after being compacted and shaped by the dynamic ridging section 302, forms a standardized ridge 7. The transplanted seedlings 5 ​​are then covered with soil and fixed to become transplanted seedlings.

[0056] The interaction speed between the transplanting ridge board 3 and the soil, the ditching speed of the furrowing board 4, and the planting speed of the crop seedlings are kept synchronized.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating a crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device, characterized in that, A crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device is adopted, the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device comprising: Transplanting ridging boards and furrowing boards: A pair of transplanting ridging boards are distributed relatively alternately, forming a working area that is wider in the front and narrower in the back between them, and the furrowing board is located within the working area; When the pair of transplanting ridging boards are ridging, the soil at the intersection point flows backward relative to the crop seedlings and has a reverse flow speed; The bottom end of the furrowing board is located above the bottom end of the transplanting ridging board. The front end of the bottom of the transplanting ridging board slopes inward toward the working area to form the ridge initiation angle, and the rear end of the bottom of the transplanting ridging board slopes inward toward the working area to form the ridge compaction angle, and the ridge initiation angle is smaller than the ridge compaction angle. Along the direction of travel, the transplanting ridging board is provided with a ridging forming section and a ridging dynamic section distributed in sequence. The top of the ridging forming section is provided with a height reduction section extending to the top of the ridging dynamic section, so that the collected soil can pass over the overflow and reduce the backflow speed. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device includes: During the process, the dynamic section of the transplanting ridging board first contacts the pre-static zone of the soil leveling layer. The ridge initiation angle at the bottom front end lifts the soil in the pre-static zone upward and initially gathers it into the working area. At the same time, the height reduction section at the top of the ridging forming section provides an overflow channel for the excess soil gathered above. As they continue, the trenching board in the work area simultaneously opens planting trenches in the initially gathered soil, and the crop seedlings are planted in the trenches. Due to the height difference between the trenching board and the transplanting ridge board, the seedlings obtain the pre-transplanting depth. As the ridging section progresses, it comes into contact with the soil that has been initially gathered by the dynamic ridging section. The compaction angle at the bottom rear end of the section further gathers the soil into the working area, compacting and solidifying the ridge surface. During this process, the soil on both sides converges into the working area, and some soil flows backward relative to the transplanted seedlings, creating a reverse flow velocity. Meanwhile, the height reduction section continuously supplies soil to overflow, maintaining the reverse flow velocity within a safe range and preventing the seedlings from being overturned. Within the groove area formed on the back side of the trenching board, the soil covering edges on both sides tilt inward under the action of sinking force, enabling immediate soil covering of transplanted seedlings in the unstable stage of sowing, forming a collaborative operation area; The soil, after being compacted and shaped by the ridging process, forms a standardized ridge. The transplanted seedlings are then covered with soil to secure them, thus becoming transplanted seedlings.

2. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the work area is the inlet, and the rear end is the outlet. The vertical height of the inlet is greater than that of the outlet.

3. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the transplanting ridging board extends downward, so that the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board is below the bottom of the rear end of the transplanting ridging board, and the bottom of the crop seedling after transplanting is below the bottom of the front end of the transplanting ridging board.

4. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trenching plate is an arc-shaped plate with its concave surface facing the rear of the working area. The top of the trenching plate extends above the working area, and the bottom extends into the working area.

5. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The area where the transplanting ridging board contacts the soil is the ridging edge area. The intersection of the ridging edge areas of a pair of transplanting ridging boards forms the covering edge area. The soil flow velocity in the covering edge area is the reverse flow velocity.

6. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A collaborative working area is formed between the soil-covered edge and the trenching board to accommodate crop seedlings.

7. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The soil within the covered edge flows towards the collaborative working area and provides sinking force for the crop seedlings.

8. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transplanting ridging board and the furrowing board are connected to an external traction device, and the interaction speed between the transplanting ridging board and the soil, the furrowing speed of the furrowing board, and the planting speed of the crop seedlings are kept synchronized.

9. The working method of the crop seedling transplanting ridging and soil covering device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The interaction speed between the transplanting ridge board and the soil, the furrowing speed of the furrowing board, and the planting speed of the crop seedlings should be kept synchronized.

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