Double helix layered fertilizer guide pipe and anti-mixing partition plate of wheat seed and fertilizer combined drill

Abstract

The application discloses a double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe and a mixed-preventing partition plate of a wheat seed-fertilizer combined planter, and relates to the technical field of planters. The double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe is vertically or obliquely arranged, and at least two groups of helical guide vanes extending along the axial direction are arranged on the inner wall of the pipe body in a matched mode; the helical guide vanes separate the inner cavity of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe into at least two independent helical fertilizer channels. The mixed-preventing partition plate is fixedly arranged at the lower outlet end of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe, and the mixed-preventing partition plate has at least one partition plate body. The helical guide vanes guide different kinds of fertilizers (such as base fertilizer and seed fertilizer) to helically fall along the independent channels, and physical layering is realized. The mixed-preventing partition plate physically separates the seed and fertilizer falling paths at the outlet, prevents rebounding and mixing, the helical guide vanes divide more groups of helical fertilizer channels, more different kinds of fertilizers are provided for quantitative fertilization, and the phenomenon that seedlings are burnt due to the mixing of fertilizers and seeds during the fertilization process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural sowing technology, and in particular to a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and anti-mixing partition for a wheat seed-fertilizer co-position seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Seed-fertilizer co-location technology can simultaneously achieve sowing and fertilization; however, current equipment has three major drawbacks:

[0003] a. Severe mixing of seeds and fertilizer: In traditional gravity-feed direct-fall fertilizer pipes, the fertilizer falls at a speed of 3-5 m / s (GB / T9478-2005 "Design and Experiment of Four-Row Buckwheat Precision Seeder"). The impact on the soil causes the fertilizer to rebound into the seed area. The actual field measurement shows a mixing rate of over 8.7%, resulting in seedling burn and yield reduction.

[0004] b. Poor adaptability to slopes: The article "Slope spreading - Proven precision" mentions that topography has a significant impact on fertilizer distribution. The slope will change the landing point of fertilizer particles, affecting their lateral distribution and leading to a decrease in fertilizer utilization.

[0005] c. Short lifespan of key components: The study "The Influence of Soil Moisture Content on the Wear Performance of No. 45 Steel" published in the *China Agricultural Machinery Chemical Journal* used yellow-brown soil from Lanzhou, Gansu Province as the abrasive and conducted wear tests on No. 45 steel samples on an abrasive wear testing machine. The results showed that with increasing soil moisture content, the wear of No. 45 steel exhibited three stages: cutting wear, cutting and fatigue wear, and fatigue wear. Changes in moisture content altered the contact pattern between the soil and the metal surface, affecting the wear condition. Frequent replacement of carbon steel fertilizer guide pipes in sandy loam soil increases costs for farmers. The applicant found through a search that patent CN107182729A describes a fertilizer applicator: it uses a single-spiral structure to reduce the falling speed, but it does not solve the problem of multi-type fertilizer stratification, and lacks an anti-rebound design at the outlet, resulting in a 5.2% mixing rate on slopes. Traditional direct-fall fertilizer guide pipes suffer from three major problems: excessive fertilizer diffusion, unstable flow velocity on slopes, and mixing of seeds and fertilizers, leading to high seedling burn rates, large deviations in fertilizer application, and difficulty in meeting the requirements for precise spatial distribution of seeds and fertilizers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art by providing a double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe and anti-mixing partition for a wheat seed and fertilizer co-planter.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe and an anti-mixing baffle for a wheat seed-fertilizer co-position seeder, comprising:

[0008] The double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube has at least two sets of parallel spiral guide vanes extending axially attached to its inner wall. The spiral guide vanes divide the inner cavity of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube into at least two independent spiral fertilizer channels.

[0009] An anti-mixing baffle is fixedly installed at the lower outlet end of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe. The anti-mixing baffle has at least one baffle body, which divides the area below the outlet of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe into at least two independent material drop zones. One material drop zone corresponds to the seed tube outlet of the seeder, and the other material drop zone corresponds to the fertilizer channel outlet.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0011] (1) The spiral guide blades of the present invention guide different types of fertilizers (such as base fertilizer and seed fertilizer) to fall spirally along independent channels to achieve physical stratification. The anti-mixing baffle physically isolates the seed and fertilizer drop paths at the outlet to prevent rebound mixing. The spiral guide blades divide the fertilizer into more sets of spiral fertilizer channels, providing more quantitative fertilization of different fertilizers, solving the problem of seedling burn caused by fertilizer mixing with seeds during fertilization. At the same time, the anti-mixing baffle can prevent the problem of excessive fertilizer diffusion.

[0012] (2) When the seeds and fertilizer of the present invention fall to the bottom of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube, the fertilizer is guided to the outside by the inclined panel to avoid vertical falling and splashing into the soil and seed area. The inclined panel reduces fertilizer rebound and improves the stability of the distance between seeds and fertilizer. High-speed photography analysis shows that when the inclined panel is tilted at an angle of 45°, the fertilizer rebound distance is ≤1.5cm. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe and anti-mixing partition of the wheat seed and fertilizer co-planter provided by the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube.

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the partition structure to prevent mixing.

[0019] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the partition.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a helical guide vane.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 100. Double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe; 110. Connecting cover; 111. Flange structure; 112. Horizontal plate; 120. Helical guide vane; 130. Guide port; 131. Slanted panel; 140. Flexible expansion joint; 200. Anti-mixing partition; 220. Fixing part; 210. Connecting seat; 230. Partition body; 231. Fixed base; 232. Movable partition; 233. Magnetic strip. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe and anti-mixing baffle of the wheat seed-fertilizer co-planter of the present invention include:

[0027] The double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 is set vertically or at an incline. At least two sets of spiral guide vanes 120 extending axially are attached to the inner wall of the tube. The spiral guide vanes 120 divide the inner cavity of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 into at least two independent spiral fertilizer channels.

[0028] An anti-mixing baffle 200 is fixedly installed at the lower outlet end of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe 100. The anti-mixing baffle 200 has at least one baffle body 230, which divides the area below the outlet of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe 100 into at least two independent material drop zones. One material drop zone corresponds to the seed tube outlet of the seeder, and the other material drop zone corresponds to the fertilizer channel outlet.

[0029] Double-helix stratified fertilizer guide tube 100: After fertilizer enters, the spiral guide blades 120 guide different types of fertilizers (such as base fertilizer and seed fertilizer) to fall spirally along independent channels, achieving physical stratification. The anti-mixing baffle 200 physically isolates the seed and fertilizer drop paths at the outlet, preventing rebound and mixing. The spiral guide blades 120 can be in multiple sets, dividing the fertilizer into more spiral channels for quantitative application of more different fertilizers. This solves the problem of fertilizer mixing with seeds and causing seedling burn during fertilization. Simultaneously, the anti-mixing baffle 200 prevents excessive fertilizer diffusion, ensuring the fertilizer falls more concentratedly near the seeds, which is beneficial for seed growth and absorption.

[0030] Among them, the layered and precise delivery: the spiral structure reduces the falling speed of fertilizer, reduces impact dispersion, and ensures that fertilizer falls accurately into the designated area according to type; zero mixing: the partition physically isolates the falling trajectory of seeds and fertilizers, eliminating mixing; in field trials: after using this device, the qualified rate of seed-fertilizer spacing (≥4cm) reached 98.5% (82% for traditional devices), and the fertilizer utilization rate increased by 18%.

[0031] In one embodiment, the number of spiral guide vanes 120 is 2 to 5, preferably 3 or 4; the spiral angle (α) of the spiral guide vanes 120 is 15° to 45°, preferably 20° to 30°; the pitch (H) of the spiral guide vanes 120 is 1 / 8 to 1 / 3 of the inner diameter (D) of the double spiral layered fertilizer guide tube 100; the cross-sectional shape of the spiral guide vanes 120 is rectangular, trapezoidal or arc-shaped.

[0032] The spiral guide vanes 120 are preferably 3 to 4, balancing the diversion efficiency and flow resistance. The number of channels can be adjusted according to the type of fertilizer to be applied. A spiral angle of 20° to 30° reduces the axial velocity of the fertilizer, prolongs the fall time, and reduces impact force. In experiments, a pitch H = D / 8 to D / 3 prevents clogging due to excessively low pitch and reduced diversion effect due to excessively high pitch.

[0033] Anti-clogging and loss reduction: Optimized parameters prevent fertilizer accumulation and clogging, reducing residue rate. Controllable flow rate: The helix angle controls the falling speed, and the fertilizer positioning error is ≤2cm. Fluid simulation shows that when α=25° and H=D / 5, the flow rate uniformity of the fertilizer channel reaches 92% (compared to 65% for traditional straight pipes), and the clogging frequency decreases by 90%.

[0034] Table 1 shows the data comparison results between traditional equipment and the equipment of this application.

[0035] Seed-fertilizer mixing rate 8.7% 0.3% GB / T9478~2023 Fertilizer drop point accuracy error ±4.2cm ±1.2cm ISO5690-2 Slope operation qualification rate 70% (15° slope) 95% (15° slope) NY / T1355~2024 Frequency of fertilizer tube blockage 0.032 times / mu 0.001 times / mu JB / T10293~2023

[0036] Table 2 shows the effect of helix angle α on fertilizer movement (inner diameter D=60mm).

[0037] 15° 78% 8.5N ±2.8cm 25° 92% 4.2N ±1.1cm 45° 65% 3.1N ±3.5cm

[0038] In one embodiment, a connecting cover 110 is connected to the upper inlet of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100, and a flange structure 111 for connecting the fertilizer box outlet of the seeder is provided on the top of the connecting cover 110; a horizontal plate 112 for separating fertilizer and seeds and guiding them into the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 is provided in the middle of the connecting cover 110.

[0039] The double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe 100 is connected to the seeding and fertilizer inlets of the fertilizer planter via flange structure 111, allowing fertilizer to fall simultaneously into the connecting cover 110. The top of the horizontal plate 112 is flush with the plane of the flange structure 111, and the two sides of the horizontal plate 112 are flush with the inner wall of the connecting cover 110. The horizontal plate 112 physically isolates the seed and fertilizer inlets, preventing mixing at the source. The horizontal plate 112 ensures that seeds and fertilizer enter the spiral channel independently. The design of the horizontal plate 112 reduces the seed mixing rate to 0.3%.

[0040] In one embodiment, a flow guide 130 is provided at the lower end outlet of the double helical layered fertilizer guide tube 100, and the end of the flow guide 130 has an inclined plate 131 extending obliquely outward toward the outside of the tube wall, the inclination angle of the inclined plate 131 being 30° to 60°.

[0041] When seeds and fertilizer fall to the bottom of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100, the fertilizer is guided to the outside by the inclined panel 131 to avoid vertical impact with the soil and splashing into the seed area. The inclined panel 131 reduces fertilizer rebound and improves the stability of the distance between seeds and fertilizer. High-speed photography analysis shows that when the inclined panel 131 is tilted at an angle of 45°, the fertilizer rebound distance is ≤1.5cm.

[0042] In one embodiment, the anti-mixing partition 200 includes a fixing part 220 and the partition body 230. The fixing part 220 is connected to the double helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 through a connecting seat 210. The connecting seat 210 is fixed to the lower end of the double helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 by bolt connection, welding or snap-fit.

[0043] The connector 210 is connected to the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 via bolts, welding, or snap-fit. The snap-fit ​​design allows for partition replacement in just 30 seconds, reducing downtime by 85% and increasing daily operating efficiency by 25 acres. Bolts facilitate easy disassembly, while welding provides greater stability.

[0044] In one embodiment, the partition body 230 is an adjustable partition, comprising:

[0045] The fixed base 231 is connected to the side of the fixed part 220 near the spiral guide vane 120;

[0046] The movable partition 232 is slidably inserted into the fixed base 231, and the movable partition 232 is attracted to the spiral guide vane 120 through the magnetic strip 233 provided at the end.

[0047] The magnetic strip 233 allows the telescopic end of the movable partition 232 to contact the bottom of the spiral guide vane 120, limiting the flow of seeds and fertilizer during the discharge process and further preventing mixing of seeds and fertilizer during discharge. In conjunction with the inclined panel 131, the stability of the seed and fertilizer spacing is further improved.

[0048] In one embodiment, the tube body of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube 100 is made of metal or engineering plastic, preferably 65Mn spring steel with nitriding treatment or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The partition body 230 of the anti-mixing partition 200 is made of metal plate or engineering plastic plate, preferably stainless steel or nylon.

[0049] Actual testing showed that nitrided 65Mn steel exhibited a 3-fold increase in performance and a lifespan exceeding 8,000 mu (compared to 2,000 mu for ordinary carbon steel). Wear tests revealed that after 300 hours of sand and dust testing, the wall thickness wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipe was ≤0.3mm (compared to 2.1mm for ordinary plastics).

[0050] Table 3 shows the results of the material property comparison.

[0051] ordinary carbon steel 2.1mm 2000 mu 1.0x 65Mn nitriding steel 0.25mm ≥8000 mu 1.8x Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene 0.3mm ≥6000 mu 1.3x

[0052] In one embodiment, the upper or middle section of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe 100 is provided with a flexible expansion joint 140 for adapting to slope operations.

[0053] The flexible expansion joint 140 has a corrugated pipe structure, and its expandable length ranges from ±5% to ±15% of the total pipe length.

[0054] Corrugated pipe structure: Adapts to the undulation of equipment when working on slopes, keeps the fertilizer guide pipe vertical, and the expansion and contraction of the corrugated pipe structure will drive the synchronous expansion and contraction of the movable partition 232 to ensure that fertilizer and planting do not mix; Worry-free operation on slopes: When working on a 15° slope, the spacing between seeds and fertilizer fluctuates ≤±1cm (for rigid pipes, it is ±4cm); Mountain test: The flexible joint increases the qualified rate of sowing on slopes from 70% to 95%.

[0055] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0056] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ planter with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition, characterized in that, include: The double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube has at least two sets of parallel spiral guide vanes extending axially attached to its inner wall. The spiral guide vanes divide the inner cavity of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube into at least two independent spiral fertilizer channels. An anti-mixing baffle is fixedly installed at the lower outlet end of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube. The anti-mixing baffle includes a fixing part and a baffle body. The fixing part is connected to the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube through a connecting seat. The connecting seat is fixed to the lower end of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube by bolt connection, welding or snap-fit; The anti-mixing partition has at least one partition body, which divides the area below the outlet of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe into at least two independent material drop zones, one of which corresponds to the seed tube outlet of the seeder, and the other of which corresponds to the fertilizer channel outlet.

2. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ planter with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of spiral guide vanes is 2 to 5; and / or The helical angle of the spiral guide vanes is 15° to 45°; and / or The pitch of the spiral guide vane is 1 / 8 to 1 / 3 of the inner diameter of the double-spiral layered fertilizer guide tube.

3. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ seeder with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The upper inlet of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe is connected to a connecting cover, and the top of the connecting cover is provided with a flange structure for connecting to the fertilizer box outlet of the seeder. The connecting cover has a horizontal plate in the middle for separating fertilizer and seeds and guiding them into the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube. The top of the horizontal plate is flush with the plane of the flange structure, and the two sides of the horizontal plate are in contact with the inner wall of the connecting cover.

4. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ planter with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The lower outlet of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube is provided with a flow guide port, and the end of the flow guide port has an inclined plate extending outward from the tube wall, the inclination angle of the inclined plate being 30° to 60°.

5. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ seeder with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The partition body is an adjustable partition, comprising: A fixed base is connected to the fixed part on the side near the spiral guide vanes; The movable baffle is slidably inserted into the fixed base, and the movable baffle is attracted to the spiral guide vanes by magnetic strips at its ends; and / or The partition body of the anti-mixing partition is made of metal plate or engineering plastic plate.

6. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ planter with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The metal sheet is made of stainless steel, and the engineering plastic sheet is made of nylon.

7. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ seeder with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The upper or middle section of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide pipe is equipped with a flexible expansion joint for adapting to slope operations.

8. A wheat seed and fertilizer in-situ planter with a double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube and an anti-mixing partition as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The double-helix stratified fertilizer guide tube is installed vertically or at an angle; and / or The tube body of the double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube is made of metal or engineering plastic; and / or The double-helix layered fertilizer guide tube is segmented, with adjacent segments connected by flexible expansion joints. The flexible expansion joints are corrugated pipe structures, and their expandable length ranges from ±5% to ±15% of the total tube length.

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