A laser engraving control method and system, intelligent terminal and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to a laser engraving control method and system, an intelligent terminal and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of laser engraving. The method comprises the following steps: adjusting the arrangement position of a water cooling flow channel in a water cooling device according to the arrangement position of a positioning groove in a jig; adjusting the flow direction of water cooling liquid in the water cooling device according to a preset engraving path; controlling the water cooling device to start to perform a pre-cooling operation on a metal plate on a workbench; moving the jig to an engraving station; starting a laser engraving device to sequentially engrave magnetic blocks on the jig; and moving the jig after the engraving work to a storage station. The application has the effect of reducing the probability of damage of the jig due to high temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser engraving technology, and in particular to a laser engraving control method, system, smart terminal and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, magnetic blocks, as an important magnetic component, are widely used in devices such as motors, sensors, speakers, and magnetic encoders. In order to enable magnetic blocks to have the required functional characteristics in specific applications, such as forming specific magnetic pole distributions, marking information, decorative patterns, or anti-counterfeiting marks, it is usually necessary to perform fine processing on the surface of the magnetic blocks. Among these processes, laser engraving is widely used due to its high processing precision, non-contact processing capability, and strong adaptability.

[0003] In existing technologies, magnetic blocks are typically placed on a fixture, which is then moved to an engraving station on a worktable. A laser engraving device then engraves the magnetic blocks according to a preset program. The fixture, often made of acrylic, has positioning slots for the magnetic blocks. During laser engraving, high temperatures are generated in localized areas, and this heat is conducted to the magnetic blocks and the positioning slots beneath them. When the engraving time is long or the engraving energy is high, the acrylic fixture is prone to deformation, cracking, or even ablation, affecting positioning accuracy and processing quality, and increasing the probability of fixture damage.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the jig is highly likely to be damaged due to high temperatures during laser engraving. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To reduce the probability of fixtures being damaged by high temperatures, this application provides a laser engraving control method, system, smart terminal, and storage medium.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a laser engraving control method, which adopts the following technical solution: A laser engraving control method includes: Adjust the arrangement of the water cooling channels in the water cooling device according to the arrangement of the positioning slots in the fixture. Adjust the flow direction of the coolant in the water-cooling device according to the preset engraving path; The water cooling device is activated to pre-cool the metal plates on the workbench; Move the jig to the carving station; Start the laser engraving device to engrave the magnetic blocks located on the fixture in sequence; After the carving work is completed, the jig is moved to the storage station.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, after adjusting the arrangement of the water-cooling channels according to the arrangement of the positioning grooves in the fixture, the coolant can exchange heat with the area corresponding to the metal plate when flowing in the water-cooling channels. In particular, when the magnetic block is engraved by the laser engraving device, the cooled metal plate can exchange heat with the fixture to cool the fixture, especially the area being engraved, which helps to reduce the damage rate of the fixture caused by high temperature.

[0008] Optionally, the water-cooling device has equidistant flexible guide strips, with a water-cooling flow channel formed between two flexible guide strips. The method further includes: Obtain the current carving coordinates; Obtain the water-cooling acceleration coordinates of the water-cooling channel based on the current carving coordinates; The gap between the flexible guide strips is adjusted based on the water-cooling acceleration coordinates, so that the water-cooling channel forms a Venturi throat acceleration zone in the area corresponding to the water-cooling acceleration coordinates.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the two flexible guide strips can be adjusted according to the current engraving coordinates, so that the two flexible guide strips contract inward in the area corresponding to the water cooling acceleration coordinates, forming the Venturi throat acceleration zone, realizing a local increase in the flow rate of the water coolant, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency of the water coolant to the engraving area, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, obtain the shape data of the magnetic block; The throat width of the Venturi throat acceleration region is determined based on the width of the magnet in the shape data; The initial length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone is determined based on the length of the magnetic block in the shape data. Obtain the ratio of the length of the magnetic block to the width of the throat to get the throat adjustment ratio; Determine whether the laryngeal adjustment ratio is greater than the preset laryngeal adjustment ratio; If so, the initial length is adjusted to a preset multiple of the throat width to obtain the optimal throat length.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the throat width and initial length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone can be determined based on the shape data of the magnetic block. The determination of the throat width ensures coverage of the engraving area. Correcting the initial length effectively balances the flow rate with the throat length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone, improving the cooling efficiency of the coolant and preventing flow rate attenuation caused by an excessively long throat, thereby enhancing the localized cooling capacity during laser engraving.

[0012] Optionally, each of the two flexible guide strips has a limiting block on its opposite side to drive the two flexible guide strips closer to or further apart, thereby forming a venturi throat acceleration zone. The method further includes: The engraving speed of the laser engraving device is obtained when the throat adjustment ratio is greater than the preset throat adjustment ratio. Adjust the movement speed of the limit stop according to the carving speed so that the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat moves synchronously with the carving area. After completing the carving operation on the current carving area, a cooling step is performed. The cooling step includes: maintaining the current optimal throat length control limit block and reciprocating at a preset cooling moving speed. After the preset cooling time is reached during the cooling process, the control limit block is reset to restore the gap between the flexible guide strips.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the throat adjustment ratio is greater than the preset throat adjustment ratio, the movement speed of the limiting block is synchronized with the engraving speed, so that the Venturi throat acceleration zone is synchronized with the engraving area, thereby achieving real-time heat dissipation of the engraving area during laser engraving. Specifically, after laser engraving is completed, the reciprocating movement of the limiting block is controlled, causing the Venturi throat acceleration zone to reciprocate synchronously, effectively cooling the entire engraving area corresponding to the magnetic block.

[0014] Optionally, obtain the flow rate and Reynolds number of the coolant in the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat; Determine if the Reynolds number is greater than a preset turbulence threshold; If not, determine the vibration amplitude of the limit stop based on the Reynolds number; The vibration frequency of the limit stop is determined based on the flow velocity; The vibration of the limit block is controlled by the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency, so as to cause the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat to contract and expand, thereby enhancing the intensity of the water coolant flow disturbance.

[0015] By employing the above technical solution, the flow velocity and Reynolds number of the coolant in the Venturi throat acceleration zone can be obtained to determine whether the coolant is in laminar or turbulent flow. When the Reynolds number is lower than the preset turbulence threshold, the periodic contraction and expansion of the Venturi throat acceleration zone are achieved by adjusting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the limiting block. This enhances the flow disturbance intensity of the coolant, promotes the transition of the fluid from laminar to turbulent flow, improves cooling efficiency and heat exchange effect, and further optimizes the local cooling performance of the workpiece during laser engraving.

[0016] Optionally, the engraving time for each magnetic block can be obtained to get the unit engraving time; The start time for carving the next magnetic block is obtained based on the unit carving time. Determine whether the time difference between the start times of engraving adjacent magnetic blocks is less than the preset cooling preparation time; If so, obtain the advance cooling quantity based on the time difference and the preset cooldown preparation time; Get the pre-cooldown coordinates based on the current engraving coordinates and the pre-cooldown quantity; The gap between the flexible guide strips is adjusted based on the pre-cooling coordinates, so that the water-cooled flow channel forms a Venturi throat acceleration zone in the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the unit engraving time of each magnetic block is obtained, the engraving start time of the next magnetic block is accurately calculated, and it is determined whether the time difference between adjacent magnetic blocks is less than the preset cooling preparation time. When the time difference is small, the amount of pre-cooling is calculated based on the time difference and the preset cooling time, and a Venturi throat acceleration zone is formed in advance in the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinate to achieve pre-heating of the metal plate and improve cooling efficiency.

[0018] Optionally, determine whether there are any remaining coordinates to be etched based on the current etch coordinates and the amount of pre-cooling. If not, the flexible guide strip corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates should be kept in a state that forms the Venturi throat acceleration zone; After the next fixture moves to the carving station, the flow direction of the coolant in the water cooling device is reversed; Reverse the engraving path of the laser engraving device.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, by controlling the flexible guide strip corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinate to maintain the state of forming the Venturi throat acceleration zone, and by adjusting the direction of the coolant flow and the direction of the engraving path in the opposite direction, the current Venturi throat acceleration zone can continuously dissipate heat from the metal plate when the next fixture is placed at the engraving station, so as to achieve pre-cooling of the magnetic block engraving of the next fixture.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a laser engraving control method, which adopts the following technical solution: A laser engraving control method includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the arrangement position of the positioning slots; A memory for storing the program of the laser engraving control method; The processor and the program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the laser engraving control method.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, after adjusting the arrangement of the water-cooling channels according to the arrangement of the positioning grooves in the fixture, the coolant can exchange heat with the area corresponding to the metal plate when flowing in the water-cooling channels. In particular, when the magnetic block is engraved by the laser engraving device, the cooled metal plate can exchange heat with the fixture to cool the fixture, especially the area being engraved, which helps to reduce the damage rate of the fixture caused by high temperature.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides a smart terminal, which adopts the following technical solution: A smart terminal includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and execute the method described in any one of the above.

[0023] Fourthly, this application provides a computer storage medium capable of storing corresponding programs, which facilitates reducing the probability of fixture damage due to high temperatures, and adopts the following technical solution: A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed by any of the laser engraving control methods described above.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. After adjusting the arrangement of the water cooling channels according to the arrangement of the positioning slots in the fixture, the coolant can exchange heat with the area corresponding to the metal plate when flowing in the water cooling channels. In particular, when the magnetic block is engraved by the laser engraving device, the cooled metal plate can exchange heat with the fixture to cool the fixture, especially the area being engraved, which helps to reduce the damage rate of the fixture caused by high temperature. 2. It can adjust the two flexible guide strips according to the current engraving coordinates, so that the two flexible guide strips contract inward in the area corresponding to the water cooling acceleration coordinates, forming the Venturi throat acceleration zone, realizing the local increase of the water coolant flow rate, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency of the water coolant to the engraving area, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. 3. By acquiring the flow velocity and Reynolds number of the coolant in the Venturi throat acceleration zone, it is possible to determine whether the coolant is in laminar or turbulent flow. When the Reynolds number is lower than the preset turbulence threshold, the periodic contraction and expansion of the Venturi throat acceleration zone can be achieved by adjusting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the limiting block. This enhances the flow disturbance intensity of the coolant, promotes the transition of the fluid from laminar to turbulent flow, improves cooling efficiency and heat exchange effect, and further optimizes the local cooling performance of the workpiece during laser engraving. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water-cooling device in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a laser engraving control method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a local accelerated cooling method in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting the acceleration region of the venturi throat in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Venturi throat acceleration region in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a second method for adjusting the acceleration region of the venturi throat in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a turbulent acceleration method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a pre-cooling method in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a pre-cooling method during fixture replacement in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Flexible guide strip; 11. Diaphragm; 12. Water-cooled flow channel; 13. Sliding channel; 2. Limiting mechanism; 21. Limiting block; 22. Drive device; 31. Contraction section; 32. Throat; 33. Diffusion section. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 10 The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0037] This application discloses a water-cooling device used to dissipate heat from a fixture used to hold a magnetic block during laser engraving. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2The water-cooling device includes equidistant flexible guide strips 1 and a limiting mechanism 2. The top of the flexible guide strip 1 is in close contact with the bottom of the metal plate of the workbench. A diaphragm 11 is connected between the bottoms of the two flexible guide strips 1, forming a water-cooling channel 12 for the flow of coolant. When the coolant flows in the water-cooling channel 12, it contacts the metal plate for heat exchange, thereby dissipating heat from the metal plate. The limiting mechanism 2 includes limiting blocks 21 disposed on the opposite sides of the flexible guide strips 1 and a driving device 22 for driving the limiting blocks 21 to move closer to or further away from each other. In this embodiment, the driving device 22 can be a drive motor. In order to cause the limiting blocks 21 to deform accordingly during the process of moving closer to or further away from each other, the flexible guide strips 1 are provided with sliding channels 13 along their length for the limiting blocks 21 to slide. The driving device 22 drives the limiting blocks 21 to move, thereby adjusting the gap between the flexible guide strips 1.

[0038] This application discloses a control method for laser engraving. (Refer to...) Figure 3 Laser engraving control methods include: Step S101: Adjust the arrangement of the water cooling channels in the water cooling device according to the arrangement of the positioning slots in the fixture.

[0039] The positioning slots in the fixture are arranged in rows and columns, such as an M-row × N-column matrix. By adjusting the arrangement of the flexible guide strips, the spatial arrangement of the water-cooling channels is changed, so that the area of ​​the water-cooling channels corresponding to the fixture can cover all the positioning slots.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, after being bent, the flexible guide strips are arranged in an S-shape to cool the metal plate located above the water cooling device.

[0041] Step S102: Adjust the flow direction of the coolant in the water-cooling device according to the preset engraving path.

[0042] The preset engraving path refers to the trajectory of the laser head in the laser engraving device. For example, the positioning slots in the fixture are arranged in an M x N matrix structure. The lower left positioning slot is used as the initial point (0, 0) of the preset engraving path. The laser head is controlled to move towards (N-1, 0), engraving the magnetic blocks in the positioning slots during the movement. When it reaches the position (N-1, 0), the laser head is controlled to move to (N-1, 1), and then moved towards (0, 1) again. This process is repeated to engrave all the magnetic blocks. The path traversed by the laser head from (0, 0) to (N-1, M-1) is the preset engraving path.

[0043] When adjusting the flow direction of the coolant, simply control the coolant to enter from the side closest to the initial point of the preset engraving path along the coolant channel.

[0044] Step S103: Control the water cooling device to start in order to pre-cool the metal plate on the workbench.

[0045] The water-cooling device includes a coolant storage tank and a water-cooling pump for transferring coolant from the storage tank to the water-cooling channel. By activating the water-cooling pump, the coolant enters the water-cooling channel and flows within it, exchanging heat with the metal plate to cool it down. Pre-cooling refers to activating the water-cooling pump before the first laser engraving operation to cool the metal plate.

[0046] Step S104: Move the jig to the engraving station.

[0047] The engraving station refers to the station used for placing the jig and laser engraving the magnetic block located on the jig. The engraving station is located at a designated position on the metal plate, and a positioning strip is set at the designated position so that the jig is always placed in the same position each time it is placed at the engraving station.

[0048] The jig can be moved to the engraving station using a robotic arm. In some other embodiments, the jig can be moved to the engraving station manually.

[0049] Step S105: Start the laser engraving device to engrave the magnetic blocks located on the fixture in sequence.

[0050] The program for engraving individual magnetic blocks is preset in the controller of the laser engraving device. After the engraving operation of the current magnetic block is completed, the laser engraving device engraves the next magnetic block according to the preset engraving path, and so on, until the engraving work of all magnetic blocks is completed.

[0051] Step S106: Move the completed carving jig to the storage station.

[0052] A storage station refers to an area used to store jigs after the engraving work is completed. The jigs can be moved to the storage station using a robotic arm. In some other embodiments, the jigs can be moved to the storage station manually.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, after adjusting the arrangement of the water-cooling channels according to the arrangement of the positioning grooves in the fixture, the coolant can exchange heat with the area corresponding to the metal plate when flowing in the water-cooling channels. In particular, when the magnetic block is engraved by the laser engraving device, the cooled metal plate can exchange heat with the fixture to cool the fixture, especially the area being engraved, which helps to reduce the damage rate of the fixture caused by high temperature.

[0054] This application provides a method for localized accelerated cooling, referring to... Figure 4 The method includes: Step S201: Obtain the current carving coordinates.

[0055] Engraving coordinates refer to the working position coordinates of the laser engraving device during engraving operations. Current engraving coordinates refer to the working position coordinates when the magnetic block is currently being engraved or about to be engraved. Engraving coordinates can be obtained from the controller of the laser engraving device.

[0056] Step S202: Obtain the water-cooling acceleration coordinates of the water-cooling channel based on the current carving coordinates.

[0057] Water-cooling acceleration coordinates refer to the target position coordinates of the venturi throat acceleration zone within the water-cooling flow channel, which is needed to enhance local cooling performance. There is a spatial mapping relationship between the water-cooling acceleration coordinates and the engraving coordinates, used to control the gap adjustment of the flexible guide strips. The spatial mapping relationship refers to the correspondence between the coordinate system of the fixture positioning groove on the worktable and the coordinate system of the water-cooling flow channel in the water-cooling device, which can be obtained through calibration.

[0058] Step S203: Adjust the gap between the flexible guide strips based on the water-cooling acceleration coordinates so that the water-cooling channel forms a Venturi throat acceleration zone in the area corresponding to the water-cooling acceleration coordinates.

[0059] The Venturi throat acceleration zone refers to the area formed when the cross-sectional area of ​​the water-cooled flow channel is reduced. The cross-sectional area is reduced by controlling the limiting blocks on both sides of the flexible guide strip to move closer to each other, so as to squeeze the flexible guide strip to undergo local deformation, thereby reducing the gap between the two flexible guide strips in the local area and forming the throat region.

[0060] The coolant is accelerated as it flows through the Venturi throat acceleration zone, enhancing heat exchange with the corresponding metal plate area and thus improving heat dissipation. The principle behind this acceleration is as follows: with a shrinking cross-sectional area, the flow rate remains constant. According to the fluid continuity equation, Q = A × v = constant, where Q = flow rate, A = cross-sectional area, and v = liquid velocity. Therefore, when the flow rate is constant, the velocity must increase. According to Bernoulli's principle, increased velocity reduces static pressure, causing the water to flow closer to the metal plate surface and enhancing the scouring effect. Simultaneously, increased velocity increases the Reynolds number, making turbulence easier to form. Turbulence thins the thermal boundary layer on the metal plate surface, increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient and significantly improving local heat dissipation in a short time.

[0061] By adopting the above technical solution, the two flexible guide strips can be adjusted according to the current engraving coordinates, so that the two flexible guide strips contract inward in the area corresponding to the water cooling acceleration coordinates, forming the Venturi throat acceleration zone, realizing a local increase in the flow rate of the water coolant, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency of the water coolant to the engraving area, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0062] This application provides a method for adjusting the acceleration region of the Venturi throat, referring to... Figure 5 The method includes: Step S301: Obtain the shape data of the magnetic block.

[0063] The shape data of the magnetic block can be obtained through calibration data or manual measurement and entered into the database, along with the magnetic block code corresponding to the model. The shape data of the corresponding magnetic block can be retrieved from the database based on the magnetic block code.

[0064] Step S302: Determine the throat width of the Venturi throat acceleration zone based on the magnet width in the shape data.

[0065] Before laser engraving, the spacing between the two flexible guide strips is adjusted according to the width of the magnetic block in the shape data. The spacing between the two flexible guide strips can be adjusted to a preset multiple of the magnetic block width. In this embodiment, the preset multiple is greater than 1.5.

[0066] After the laser device is activated, the two flexible guide strips 1 are squeezed by the control limit block 21, causing the local area to bend and form a Venturi throat acceleration zone reference. Figure 6The coolant flow direction in the Venturi throat acceleration zone includes a contraction section 31, a throat 32, and a diffusion section 33. After obtaining the width of the magnetic block, during the compression of the two flexible guide strips 1 by the limiting block 21, when the width of the throat 32 becomes equal to the width of the magnetic block, the limiting block 21 is stopped, ensuring that the throat width matches the magnetic block width. The throat width is the width of the throat in the Venturi throat acceleration zone. Maintaining consistency between the throat width of the Venturi throat acceleration zone and the magnetic block width ensures that the coolant flow channel, while contracting to form the Venturi throat acceleration zone to accelerate the coolant, can cover the area corresponding to the metal plate and the magnetic block, thereby improving heat exchange capacity.

[0067] Step S303: Determine the initial length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone based on the length of the magnetic block in the shape data.

[0068] Reference Figure 6 The length of the throat 32 in the Venturi throat acceleration zone can be adjusted by two sets of limiting blocks 21. The length of the magnetic block can be used as the initial length after its acquisition.

[0069] Step S304: Obtain the ratio of the length of the magnetic block to the width of the throat to obtain the throat adjustment ratio.

[0070] Divide the length of the magnetic block by the width of the throat to obtain the throat adjustment ratio.

[0071] Step S305: Determine whether the laryngeal adjustment ratio is greater than the preset laryngeal adjustment ratio.

[0072] The preset throat adjustment ratio is a preset constant that can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0073] Step S306: If so, correct the initial length to a preset multiple of the throat width to obtain the optimal throat length.

[0074] On the other hand, if the laryngeal adjustment ratio is not greater than the preset laryngeal adjustment ratio, the initial length is taken as the optimal laryngeal length.

[0075] The preset multiplier is a fixed value that can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0076] By adjusting the initial length to a preset multiple of the throat width, a high flow rate acceleration effect can be maintained, while avoiding excessive friction loss due to excessive length, thus ensuring heat exchange efficiency.

[0077] When the coolant enters the acceleration zone of the venturi throat, it changes the flow rate v of the coolant.

[0078] According to the fluid continuity equation, v throat =Q throat / A throat =Qthroat / (W) throat ×L throat ), where v throat Q is the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat. throat A is the flow rate of the cooling fluid in the throat. throat W is the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat flow channel. throat L represents the width of the throat. throat This refers to the length of the throat. Because W throat To be equal to the width of the magnetic block, when W throat When L is determined throat The effects on local acceleration and heat transfer are a trade-off: L throat Increasing the area of ​​heat exchange can linearly increase the heat exchange coverage area, but at the same time, the friction loss along the friction path is approximately equal to L. throat Proportional to the available acceleration pressure difference, thus reducing the flow velocity v throat decline.

[0079] Based on experience, Q throat ∝W throat ×L throat (ΔP-αL) throat ) 0.4 There exists an approximately optimal length L. opt =ΔP / 1.4α, where ΔP represents the pressure difference across the throat, and α is the friction loss coefficient. In this embodiment, the initial length is corrected to a preset multiple k (i.e., L). throat =k×W throat And restrict it to be close to L opt Within a certain range, both acceleration effect and heat exchange coverage can be taken into account, thereby obtaining the best heat dissipation performance. According to actual calculations, the value of k is 1.5.

[0080] By adopting the above technical solution, the throat width and initial length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone can be determined based on the shape data of the magnetic block. The determination of the throat width ensures coverage of the engraving area. Correcting the initial length effectively balances the flow rate with the throat length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone, improving the cooling efficiency of the coolant and preventing flow rate attenuation caused by an excessively long throat, thereby enhancing the localized cooling capacity during laser engraving.

[0081] This application provides a second method for adjusting the acceleration region of the Venturi throat, referring to... Figure 7 The method includes: Step S401: When the throat adjustment ratio is greater than the preset throat adjustment ratio, obtain the engraving speed of the laser engraving device.

[0082] When the throat adjustment ratio is greater than the preset throat adjustment ratio, the throat length of the current Venturi throat acceleration zone on the surface does not match the length of the magnetic block. If the throat length is directly increased, the improvement in heat exchange efficiency will be relatively small.

[0083] The engraving speed refers to the speed at which the laser head moves along the length of the flexible guide strip in the laser engraving device. The engraving speed is preset and stored in the memory, and can be retrieved from the memory.

[0084] Step S402: Adjust the moving speed of the limit stop according to the carving speed so that the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat moves synchronously with the carving area.

[0085] Optionally, the limiting mechanism may also include a moving device for driving the limiting block to move along the length of the flexible guide strip. For example, the moving device may be a motor.

[0086] After obtaining the engraving speed, the moving device is controlled to drive the limiting block to move according to the engraving speed. This allows the limiting block to keep squeezing the flexible guide strip to ensure the continuous existence of the Venturi throat acceleration zone. At the same time, the local squeezing zone can change along the length of the flexible guide strip, that is, the Venturi throat acceleration zone can move synchronously with the engraving area, ensuring that the Venturi throat acceleration zone can cover the current engraving area and achieve precise cooling.

[0087] Step S403: After completing the carving operation on the current carving area, perform a cooling step, which includes: maintaining the current optimal throat length control limit block and reciprocating at a preset cooling moving speed.

[0088] The preset cooling movement speed is a constant and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0089] By controlling the reciprocating movement of the limit stop, the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat moves back and forth in the engraving area corresponding to the magnetic block, so as to continuously dissipate heat from the engraving area and reduce the probability of jig damage.

[0090] For example, if the forward flow direction of the coolant is taken as the forward movement direction of the limiting block, and the reverse movement direction is the opposite, first, the limiting block is controlled to move in the forward movement direction. When the edge of the throat of the Venturi throat acceleration zone is aligned with the edge of the engraving area corresponding to the magnetic block, the limiting block is controlled to move in the reverse movement direction. This process is repeated to achieve reciprocating movement.

[0091] Step S404: After the preset cooling time is reached during the cooling process, the control limit block is reset to restore the gap between the flexible guide strips.

[0092] The preset cooling time is a constant that can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0093] After the preset cooling time is reached during the cooling step, it means that the temperature of the engraved area corresponding to the cooling step has been reduced to the preset cooling temperature, where the preset cooling temperature is a preset constant.

[0094] The reset operation refers to controlling the limiting blocks on the opposite sides of the flexible guide strip to move away from each other, so as to restore the flexible guide strip from the bending state formed by local compression to a straight state, so that the coolant can resume normal flow in the water cooling channel.

[0095] By adopting the above technical solution, when the throat adjustment ratio is greater than the preset throat adjustment ratio, the movement speed of the limiting block is synchronized with the engraving speed, so that the Venturi throat acceleration zone is synchronized with the engraving area, thereby achieving real-time heat dissipation of the engraving area during laser engraving. Specifically, after laser engraving is completed, the reciprocating movement of the limiting block is controlled, causing the Venturi throat acceleration zone to reciprocate synchronously, effectively cooling the entire engraving area corresponding to the magnetic block.

[0096] This application provides a turbulent acceleration method, referring to... Figure 8 The method includes: Step S501: Obtain the flow rate and Reynolds number of the coolant in the acceleration zone of the venturi throat.

[0097] The Reynolds number is a dimensionless number used to describe the flow state of the coolant, calculated as Re = ρvD / μ, where ρ is the coolant density, v is the coolant velocity, D is the hydraulic diameter, and μ is the dynamic viscosity. The dynamic viscosity μ can be obtained from a material database. The hydraulic diameter is the equivalent diameter used to describe the characteristics of a non-circular cross-section flow channel, defined as D = 4 × channel cross-sectional area / wetted perimeter. In this embodiment, the flow channel in the Venturi throat acceleration zone has a rectangular cross-section with a width of W and a height of H. Therefore, the channel cross-sectional area A = W × H, and the wetted perimeter P = 2 × (W + H). Thus, the hydraulic diameter D = 4A / P = 2WH / (W + H).

[0098] Step S502: Determine whether the Reynolds number is greater than the preset turbulence threshold.

[0099] The preset turbulence threshold is a constant used to distinguish between laminar and turbulent flow. When the Reynolds number is greater than the preset turbulence threshold, it indicates that the coolant is in a turbulent state when flowing through the acceleration region of the Venturi throat.

[0100] Step S503: If not, determine the vibration amplitude of the limit stop based on the Reynolds number.

[0101] On the other hand, if the Reynolds number is greater than a preset turbulence threshold, no action is taken.

[0102] If not, it means that the Reynolds number is not greater than the preset turbulence threshold, that is, the coolant cannot form a turbulent state when flowing through the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat.

[0103] The vibration amplitude is used to change the effective cross-sectional size of the acceleration zone in the venturi throat, thereby generating periodic disturbances during the flow of the coolant to increase the turbulence of the coolant.

[0104] In one alternative implementation, the vibration amplitude A v It can be determined according to the following formula: A v =k a ×(1-Re / Re th )×A max , where: k a The vibration amplitude adjustment parameter (between 0 and 1, the specific value can be calibrated experimentally); Re is the Reynolds number of the coolant in the current Venturi acceleration zone; Re th A is the preset turbulence threshold; max The maximum permissible vibration amplitude.

[0105] Step S504: Determine the vibration frequency of the limit stop based on the flow rate.

[0106] The vibration frequency is used to control the vibration speed of the limiting block in the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat, so as to generate periodic disturbances, promote the formation of turbulence in the coolant and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0107] In one alternative implementation, the vibration frequency f v The flow velocity v can be determined through the following linear relationship: f v =k f ×v+f0, where: f v The vibration frequency of the limiting stop (Hz); v is the flow velocity of the coolant in the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat (m / s); k f This is the proportionality coefficient between the vibration frequency and the flow velocity. For example, k. f The value can range from 10 Hz / (m / s) to 50 Hz / (m / s), and the specific value can be calibrated experimentally; f0 is the fundamental frequency, which is used to ensure that the vibration can still maintain a certain frequency at low flow rates.

[0108] Step S505: Control the limit block to vibrate according to the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency, so as to cause the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat to contract and expand, thereby enhancing the intensity of the water coolant flow disturbance.

[0109] Among them, based on vibration amplitude A v and vibration frequency fv The vibration of the control limit block causes the Venturi throat acceleration zone to contract and expand, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the Venturi throat and achieving periodic disturbance of the coolant flow. This vibration disturbance can effectively disrupt the fluid boundary layer, promote the transformation of the coolant from laminar to turbulent flow, and thus improve the heat transfer efficiency of the Venturi throat acceleration zone.

[0110] By employing the above technical solution, the flow velocity and Reynolds number of the coolant in the Venturi throat acceleration zone can be obtained to determine whether the coolant is in laminar or turbulent flow. When the Reynolds number is lower than the preset turbulence threshold, the periodic contraction and expansion of the Venturi throat acceleration zone are achieved by adjusting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the limiting block. This enhances the flow disturbance intensity of the coolant, promotes the transition of the fluid from laminar to turbulent flow, improves cooling efficiency and heat exchange effect, and further optimizes the local cooling performance of the workpiece during laser engraving.

[0111] This application provides a pre-cooling method, referring to... Figure 9 The method includes: Step S601: Obtain the engraving time for each magnetic block to obtain the unit engraving time.

[0112] The unit engraving time refers to the time required for a laser engraving device to complete the engraving of a single magnetic block. The unit engraving time is related to the engraving program for a single magnetic block preset in the controller.

[0113] Step S602: Obtain the engraving start time of the next magnetic block based on the unit engraving time.

[0114] The start time for engraving the next magnetic block refers to the point in time when the laser engraving device begins engraving the next magnetic block. If the engraving of the current magnetic block begins at time t0, the unit engraving time is T, and after completing the engraving operation of the current magnetic block, the time it takes for the laser head to move from the current magnetic block to the next magnetic block and complete focusing is t1, then the start time for engraving the next magnetic block is t2 = t0 + T + t1.

[0115] Step S603: Determine whether the time difference between the engraving start time of adjacent magnetic blocks is less than the preset cooling preparation time.

[0116] The preset cooling preparation time refers to the time required to lower a local area of ​​the metal plate on the workbench to a preset cooling temperature using a water cooling device. Specifically, the preset cooling preparation time refers to the time required to lower the temperature of the metal plate area corresponding to the Venturi throat acceleration zone to the preset cooling temperature by using accelerated coolant flow after the Venturi throat acceleration zone is formed.

[0117] The time difference between the start times of engraving adjacent magnetic blocks is T+t1. If the time difference is less than the preset cooling preparation time, it means that after the engraving work in the current engraving area is completed, when the laser head moves to the next magnetic block for engraving, the temperature of the metal plate has not yet dropped to the preset cooling temperature.

[0118] Step S604: If so, obtain the advance cooling quantity based on the time difference and the preset cooling preparation time.

[0119] The amount of pre-cooling is obtained by rounding up the preset cooling preparation time and its time difference. For example, the preset cooling preparation time T... cool =12s, time difference Δt=5s, then divide 12s and 5s and round up to get 3, that is, the amount of pre-cooling is 3.

[0120] Step S605: Obtain the pre-cooling coordinates based on the current engraving coordinates and the pre-cooling quantity.

[0121] Since the positioning slots on the fixture are arranged at equal intervals, the coordinates of the current engraved magnetic block can be used as the reference coordinates. Combined with the spacing parameters of the positioning slots and the amount of pre-cooling, the pre-cooling coordinates can be determined by coordinate translation.

[0122] Step S606: Adjust the gap between the flexible guide strips based on the pre-cooling coordinates so that the water-cooled flow channel forms a Venturi throat acceleration zone in the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates.

[0123] After obtaining the pre-cooling coordinates, the limiting mechanism closest to the pre-cooling coordinates is controlled to move to the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates, and the limiting blocks in the limiting mechanism are controlled to move closer to each other, so that the two flexible guide strips retract inward in the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates to form a Venturi throat acceleration zone, thereby pre-cooling the metal plate.

[0124] By adopting the above technical solution, the unit engraving time of each magnetic block is obtained, the engraving start time of the next magnetic block is accurately calculated, and it is determined whether the time difference between adjacent magnetic blocks is less than the preset cooling preparation time. When the time difference is small, the amount of pre-cooling is calculated based on the time difference and the preset cooling time, and a Venturi throat acceleration zone is formed in advance in the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinate to achieve pre-heating of the metal plate and improve cooling efficiency.

[0125] This application provides a method for pre-cooling during fixture replacement, referring to... Figure 10 The method includes: Step S701: Determine whether there are any remaining coordinates to be engraved based on the current engraving coordinates and the amount of pre-cooling.

[0126] The remaining coordinates to be etched refer to the coordinates of the magnetic blocks that have not yet been etched, excluding the coordinates of the magnetic blocks that have been etched, the current etch coordinates, and the etch coordinates corresponding to the increase in cooling quantity, among all the coordinates of the magnetic blocks that need to be etched.

[0127] For example, if the magnetic block corresponding to the current engraving coordinate is the fourth to last among all magnetic blocks that have not yet completed the engraving operation, and the advance cooling quantity is 3, then apart from the magnetic block corresponding to the current engraving coordinate and the magnetic block corresponding to the advance cooling quantity, there are no remaining magnetic blocks that have not completed the engraving operation. Therefore, there are no remaining coordinates to be engraved. In this case, step S702 is executed.

[0128] Step S702: If not, control the flexible guide strip corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinate to maintain the state of forming the Venturi throat acceleration zone.

[0129] On the other hand, if it is determined that there are remaining coordinates to be carved based on the current carving coordinates and the amount of pre-cooling, then the next block is carved according to the preset carving path.

[0130] If not, it means that there are no remaining coordinates to be engraved based on the current engraving coordinates and the amount of pre-cooling. In this case, a control limit block is provided to adjust and maintain the gap between the flexible guide strips, so that the coordinates of the magnetic block corresponding to the amount of pre-cooling, i.e. the pre-cooling coordinates, continue to form the Venturi throat acceleration zone. This allows the metal plate to be continuously cooled before the next fixture moves to the engraving station, thus providing pre-cooling for the next fixture.

[0131] For example, the current carving coordinate is set to A1, and the carving coordinates corresponding to the advance cooling amount are set to A2, A3, and A4. When carving the area corresponding to carving coordinates A1, A2, and A3 is completed, and when carving the area corresponding to A4 is completed, the area corresponding to A2, A3, and A4 is still kept in the state of the Venturi throat acceleration zone.

[0132] Step S703: After the next fixture moves to the engraving station, reverse the flow direction of the coolant in the water cooling device.

[0133] After the next fixture is moved to the engraving station, it means that the engraving operation on the magnetic block on the current fixture has been completed and the current fixture has been moved to the storage station, and the next fixture has been placed in the engraving station.

[0134] In this case, when engraving the magnetic block on the current fixture, the coolant flows in the positive direction in the water cooling channel. The coolant is then introduced into the water cooling channel in the opposite direction to the positive direction. For example, refer to... Figure 1The coolant enters the cooling channel from the lower left corner and flows out from the upper right corner. The flow direction of the coolant is positive. After the next fixture moves to the carving station, the coolant is introduced into the cooling channel from the upper right corner and flows out from the lower left corner, that is, the flow direction of the coolant in the cooling device is reversed.

[0135] Step S704: Reverse the engraving path of the laser engraving device.

[0136] After the next fixture is placed at the engraving station, because the flow direction of the coolant has been reversed, the engraving path of the laser engraving device also needs to be reversed simultaneously. For example, refer to... Figure 1 If the current engraving path is from the lower left corner of the laser head to the upper right corner along the water-cooling channel, this direction is defined as the positive direction. After adjusting the engraving path of the engraving device in the opposite direction, the laser head is moved from the upper right corner to the lower left corner along the water-cooling channel, and this direction is defined as the reverse direction.

[0137] By adopting the above technical solution, by controlling the flexible guide strip corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinate to maintain the state of forming the Venturi throat acceleration zone, and by adjusting the direction of the coolant flow and the direction of the engraving path in the opposite direction, the current Venturi throat acceleration zone can continuously dissipate heat from the metal plate when the next fixture is placed at the engraving station, so as to achieve pre-cooling of the magnetic block engraving of the next fixture.

[0138] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application provide a laser engraving control system, including: The acquisition module is used to acquire the arrangement position of the positioning slots; A memory for storing the program of the laser engraving control method described above; The processor and the program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the laser engraving control method described above.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed as a control method for laser engraving.

[0141] Computer storage media include, for example, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media that can store program code.

[0142] Based on the same inventive concept, this application provides a smart terminal, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed to control the laser engraving method.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is only one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A method of controlling laser engraving, characterized by, include: Adjust the arrangement of the water cooling channels in the water cooling device according to the arrangement of the positioning slots in the fixture. Adjust the flow direction of the coolant in the water-cooling device according to the preset engraving path; The water cooling device is activated to pre-cool the metal plates on the workbench; Move the jig to the carving station; Start the laser engraving device to engrave the magnetic blocks located on the fixture in sequence; Move the finished carving tool to the storage station; The water-cooling device has equidistant flexible guide strips, and a water-cooling flow channel is formed between two flexible guide strips. The method further includes: Obtain the current carving coordinates; Obtain the water-cooling acceleration coordinates of the water-cooling channel based on the current carving coordinates; The gap between the flexible guide strips is adjusted based on the water-cooling acceleration coordinates, so that the water-cooling channel forms a Venturi throat acceleration zone in the area corresponding to the water-cooling acceleration coordinates. The method further includes: Obtain the shape data of the magnetic block; The throat width of the Venturi throat acceleration region is determined based on the width of the magnet in the shape data; The initial length of the Venturi throat acceleration zone is determined based on the length of the magnetic block in the shape data. Obtain the ratio of the length of the magnetic block to the width of the throat to get the throat adjustment ratio; Determine whether the laryngeal adjustment ratio is greater than the preset laryngeal adjustment ratio; If so, the initial length is adjusted to a preset multiple of the throat width to obtain the optimal throat length.

2. A method of controlling laser engraving according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both flexible guide strips are provided with limiting blocks on their mutually distant sides to drive them closer / away from each other, forming a venturi throat acceleration zone. The method further includes: The engraving speed of the laser engraving device is obtained when the throat adjustment ratio is greater than the preset throat adjustment ratio. Adjust the movement speed of the limit stop according to the carving speed so that the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat moves synchronously with the carving area. After completing the carving operation on the current carving area, a cooling step is performed. The cooling step includes: maintaining the current optimal throat length control limit block and reciprocating at a preset cooling moving speed. After the preset cooling time is reached during the cooling process, the control limit block is reset to restore the gap between the flexible guide strips.

3. A method of controlling laser engraving according to claim 2, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain the flow rate and Reynolds number of the coolant in the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat; Determine if the Reynolds number is greater than a preset turbulence threshold; If not, determine the vibration amplitude of the limit stop based on the Reynolds number; The vibration frequency of the limit stop is determined based on the flow velocity; The vibration of the limit block is controlled by the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency, so as to cause the acceleration zone of the Venturi throat to contract and expand, thereby enhancing the intensity of the water coolant flow disturbance.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain the carving time for each magnetic block, and get the unit carving time; The start time for carving the next magnetic block is obtained based on the unit carving time. Determine whether the time difference between the start times of engraving adjacent magnetic blocks is less than the preset cooling preparation time; If so, obtain the advance cooling quantity based on the time difference and the preset cooldown preparation time; Get the pre-cooldown coordinates based on the current engraving coordinates and the pre-cooldown quantity; The gap between the flexible guide strips is adjusted based on the pre-cooling coordinates, so that the water-cooled flow channel forms a Venturi throat acceleration zone in the area corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates.

5. A method of controlling laser engraving according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine whether there are any remaining coordinates to be carved based on the current carving coordinates and the amount of pre-cooldown; If not, the flexible guide strip corresponding to the pre-cooling coordinates should be kept in a state that forms the Venturi throat acceleration zone; After the next fixture moves to the carving station, the flow direction of the coolant in the water cooling device is reversed; Adjust the engraving path of the laser engraving device in reverse.

6. A control system for laser engraving, characterized in that The system is used to perform the laser engraving control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, including: The acquisition module is used to acquire the arrangement position of the positioning slots; A memory for storing the program of the laser engraving control method; The processor and the program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the laser engraving control method.

7. A smart terminal, characterized by It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program is stored that can be loaded by a processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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