A vertically-liftable waverider

Abstract

The application provides a vertically liftable waverider, and belongs to the technical field of wide-speed-range aircrafts, and specifically comprises a front edge shock generating surface, a central fuselage and rear-swept wings located on both sides of the central fuselage, two of the rear-swept wings are provided with mounting holes penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the waverider, lifting fans are mounted in the mounting holes, the lifting fans are embedded in the mounting holes, the lifting fans are used for providing vertical lift for the waverider, the axis of the lifting fan is parallel to the vertical axis of the waverider, and the lifting fans on the two rear-swept wings are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central fuselage. Through the processing scheme, the vertical lifting capability is provided for the waverider, and the high-speed flight aerodynamic performance is considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wide-speed-range aircraft, and in particular to a waverider capable of vertical takeoff and landing. Background Technology

[0002] Hypersonic vehicles possess significant military and civilian value due to their advantages such as large airspace, ultra-high speed, long distance, and high precision. As a classic hypersonic vehicle, waveriders have attracted extensive and in-depth research from researchers both domestically and internationally in recent years. In 1990, Sobieczky et al. first proposed the tangential cone design theory, approximating three-dimensional supersonic flow with a series of conical flow fields within the tangential planes. Subsequently, Sobieczky et al. proposed the tangential axisymmetric theory, where the reference flow field within the tangential plane is obtained by scaling down the same axisymmetric reference flow field. Building upon this, Rodi further developed the tangential flow field theory, allowing the selection of different axisymmetric reference flow fields within each tangential plane according to design requirements. Currently, waverider design largely adopts the tangential design theory to adapt to different waverider shape design needs.

[0003] Generally, waveriders exhibit high aerodynamic performance under design conditions, but their aerodynamic characteristics significantly deteriorate during low-speed flight deviating from the design. To address the problem of deteriorated aerodynamic characteristics and insufficient lift under deviated conditions, Rodi pioneered research on tangential cone waveriders and tangential flow field waveriders with specific sweep angles on the leading edge starting in 2011. These waveriders can generate stable separation vortices on the upper surface, thereby improving lift and drag characteristics at low speeds, providing a new approach for the design of waveriders with fixed planar shapes. In 2017, Song Fuqiang et al. proposed increasing the sweep angle to generate leading-edge vortices and increase lift on the leeward side to improve the low-speed aerodynamic performance of waveriders. Zhao ZT et al. designed fixed-sweep waveriders with "pointed wing" and "delta wing" configurations based on the geometric relationships of tangential cone waveriders. Chen SH et al. designed a tangential cone waverider with adjustable sweep angle and dihedral angle by specifying the horizontal / bottom projection profile of the leading edge. Recently, based on the kissing cone theory, the single-swept leading-edge waverider has been extended to a double-swept configuration, which can generate stronger vortices at low speeds, further improving aerodynamic performance.

[0004] The aforementioned waverider design methods for fixed-plane shapes are all limited by the tangent cone theory. However, the tangent axisymmetric theory can extend the baseline flow field to a more general axisymmetric flow field with curved shock waves. Compared to the tangent cone theory, it is more advanced and provides a wider scope for waverider design. This leads to the second problem in waverider design: the calculation method for the baseline flow field parameters related to the flow field type. Traditional axisymmetric supersonic flow field calculation methods, such as the method of characteristics, need to be applied to the entire baseline flow field before streamline tracing, which introduces a large computational load and is not conducive to the optimal design of waveriders. Recently, Shi et al. derived the second-order curved shock wave theory to obtain higher-order flow parameters closely following the shock wave, which can be further used to quickly solve the backflow field. Recently, Tang et al. proposed the Rapid Design Method for Planform-Customized Waverider (RPCW) based on the axisymmetric second-order curved shock wave theory. The RPCW method provides two design curves, PLF and ICC, which can balance the flexibility of both. It does not require solving the entire axisymmetric reference flow field in advance. After determining the leading edge point of the streamline in each tangential plane, the approximate analytical method based on the second-order bending shock wave theory can be used to quickly obtain the streamline and its parameters.

[0005] In summary, while research on the wide-speed range of waveriders is quite extensive, waverider design only considers horizontal flight and neglects vertical flight at low altitudes. Since waveriders typically need to reach a designated design altitude before they can fly, there is an urgent need for a method to increase their vertical ascent and descent capabilities. The goal is for waveriders to ascend vertically to a designated flight altitude at low altitudes and low speeds, while minimizing the impact on their aerodynamic performance during high-speed flight. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a waverider capable of vertical take-off and landing, which solves the problems in the prior art, provides the waverider with vertical take-off and landing capability while taking into account the aerodynamic performance of high-speed flight.

[0007] The waverider that can be vertically raised and lowered provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A vertically liftable waverider includes a leading-edge shock-generating surface, a central fuselage, and swept wings located on both sides of the central fuselage. The two swept wings are provided with mounting holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the waverider. Lift fans are installed in the mounting holes and are embedded in the mounting holes. The lift fans are used to provide vertical lift for the waverider. The axis of the lift fans is parallel to the vertical axis of the waverider, and the lift fans on the two swept wings are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central fuselage.

[0008] Optionally, the lift fan includes a mounting base, an annular rotating housing, multiple fan blades, and a lift drive assembly. The mounting base is fixed in a mounting hole, and the annular rotating housing is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The outer arc segments of the fan blades are mounted on the inner wall of the annular rotating housing. The multiple fan blades are evenly distributed circumferentially on the annular rotating housing. The axis of the annular rotating housing serves as the rotation axis of the lift fan. The lift drive assembly is mounted on the mounting base and is used to drive the annular rotating housing to rotate around the axis of the annular rotating housing.

[0009] Optionally, the fan blade is a flat plate structure, and the plane perpendicular to the axis of the annular rotating housing is the first plane. The lift fan includes a working state and a closed state. The center of the outer arc segment of the fan blade is rotatably connected to the annular rotating housing through a fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft is arranged along the radial direction of the annular rotating housing. When the lift fan is in operation, the lift fan provides lift to the wave rider, and the fan blades and the first plane maintain a preset angle. When the lift fan is in a closed state, the fan blades are parallel to the first plane and adjacent fan blades are in contact, thus closing the channel of the annular rotating housing; The lift fan also includes an adjustment assembly. The fan blades are mounted on the annular rotating housing via the adjustment assembly. The adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angle between the fan blades and the first plane so that the lift fan can switch between a working state and a closed state.

[0010] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a drive component, an annular ring, and a first lever located at one end of the outer circumferential arc segment of the fan blade. Each fan blade is provided with a first lever. The annular ring is provided with multiple sliding grooves corresponding one-to-one with the first levers. As the sliding grooves extend along the circumferential direction of the annular ring, the axial position of one end of the sliding groove relative to the annular ring gradually changes from the other end. The end of the first lever is located in the sliding groove. The annular ring and the annular rotating housing are coaxially arranged. The drive component is mounted on the mounting base or the annular rotating housing, and the drive component drives the annular ring to rotate relative to the annular rotating housing around the axis of the annular rotating housing.

[0011] Optionally, the groove is spiral-shaped.

[0012] Optionally, the inner diameters of the annular rotating housing and the annular ring are the same, and the end faces of the annular rotating housing and the annular ring are in contact. A limiting rod is provided on the outer periphery of the annular rotating housing, and the limiting rod extends to the outer periphery of the annular ring. A limiting ring is provided on the outer periphery of the annular ring, and a limiting groove is provided on the limiting ring at the corresponding limiting position. The end of the limiting rod is located in the limiting groove, and the limiting groove is used to limit the rotation angle of the annular ring relative to the annular rotating housing.

[0013] Optionally, a second lever is provided at the end of the outer peripheral arc segment of each fan blade away from the first lever, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the annular rotating housing. The arc-shaped groove and the second lever rotate around a fixed axis with their motion trajectories coaxial.

[0014] Optionally, the waverider has a front-to-back length of L and a width of W, and the axis of symmetry of the two lift fans is a first straight line; In the width direction of the wave rider, the distance from the axis of the lift fan to the first straight line is 20-21%W; Along the length of the waverider, the distance from the axis of the lift fan to the tail of the waverider is 15-16%L.

[0015] Optionally, the lift drive assembly includes a first external gear ring, a first transmission gear, and a first drive motor. The first external gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the annular rotating housing. The first transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The first drive motor is mounted on the mounting base. The output shaft of the first drive motor is connected to the first transmission gear. The first transmission gear meshes with the first external gear ring.

[0016] Optionally, the driving component includes a second external gear ring, a second transmission gear, and a second drive motor. The second external gear ring is fixed on the outer circumference of the annular ring, the second drive motor is mounted on the outer circumference of the annular rotating housing, the second transmission gear is mounted on the output shaft of the second drive motor, the second transmission gear meshes with the second external gear ring, the second drive motor is a worm gear reducer motor, and the power supply terminal of the second drive motor is connected to the power supply system of the wave rider through a conductive slip ring.

[0017] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: This design addresses the shortcomings of traditional waverider designs, which only consider the aerodynamic characteristics of the waverider during hypersonic horizontal flight and neglect its vertical lift capability at low speeds. By adding a lift fan to the waverider airfoil, vertical power is provided to the waverider.

[0018] Considering that adding a fan would reduce the high-speed aerodynamic performance of the waverider, the lift fan was designed to be embedded in the fuselage to minimize the aerodynamic drag of the waverider during high-speed flight.

[0019] To further mitigate the impact of the added fan on the high-speed aerodynamic performance of the waverider, the lift fan is not in operation during the hypersonic horizontal flight of the waverider. Therefore, the lift fan is designed so that when it is not in operation, the fan duct can be completely closed by changing the relative position of the fan blades, preventing the gas near the fan duct from overflowing up and down during the flight of the waverider. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting fan of the wave rider in the present application during operation; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lift fan of the wave rider in the closed state of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lift fan in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single fan blade mounted on an annular rotating housing and an annular ring according to this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fan blade structure of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular sleeve of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the waverider design principle for this application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Central fuselage; 2. Swept wing; 3. Lift fan; 31. Fan blade; 32. Fixed shaft; 33. First lever; 34. Second lever; 4. Annular rotating shell; 41. Limiting rod; 42. Arc groove; 43. Closing ring; 44. Annular sleeve; 5. Annular ring; 51. Slide groove; 52. Limiting ring; 53. Limiting groove; 61. Curved shock wave line; 62. Kissing plane; 63. Lower surface streamline; 64. Shock wave bottom profile; 65. Lower surface bottom profile; 66. Leading edge horizontal projection profile. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0026] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The illustrations only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0027] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0028] This application provides a waverider that can be vertically raised and lowered.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a vertically ascending and descending waverider includes a leading-edge shock wave generating surface, a central fuselage 1, and swept wings 2 located on both sides of the central fuselage 1. The leading-edge shock wave generating surface has a sharp wedge-shaped structure. The swept wings 2 are connected to the central fuselage 1 through a continuous curved surface transition to form a waverider configuration. The waverider is symmetrically arranged, with the axis of symmetry being the central axis extending from the central fuselage 1. The swept wings 2 on both sides are symmetrically designed about the central axis.

[0030] The two swept wings 2 of this application are provided with mounting holes that penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the waverider. A lift fan 3 is installed in the mounting hole and is embedded in the mounting hole. The lift fan 3 is used to provide vertical lift for the waverider. The axis of the lift fan 3 is parallel to the vertical axis of the waverider, and the lift fans 3 on the two swept wings 2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central fuselage 1.

[0031] Regarding the installation position of the lift fan 3, the length of the waverider in the front-to-back direction is L, the width of the waverider is W, and the axis of symmetry of the two lift fans 3 is the first straight line; it should be noted that the length direction of the waverider is the longitudinal direction, which is parallel to the axis of symmetry of the waverider, and the width direction of the waverider is perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the waverider.

[0032] In the width direction of the waverider, the distance from the axis of the lift fan 3 to the first straight line is 20-21%W; in the length direction of the waverider, the distance from the axis of the lift fan 3 to the tail of the waverider is 15-16%L.

[0033] In this embodiment, the distance from the axis of the lift fan 3 to the first straight line is 20.5%W, and the distance from the axis of the lift fan 3 to the tail of the wave rider is 15.7%L.

[0034] The lift drive assembly includes a first external gear ring, a first transmission gear, and a first drive motor. The first external gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the annular rotating housing 4. The first transmission gear is rotatably mounted on a mounting base. The first drive motor is mounted on the mounting base, and the output shaft of the first drive motor is connected to the first transmission gear. The first transmission gear meshes with the first external gear ring. In this application, the lift drive assembly is located outside the flow channel range of the lift fan 3, reducing the impact of the drive assembly on the airflow of the lift fan 3.

[0035] In this application, the installation position of the lift fan 3 is designed to improve the aerodynamic performance of the waverider at low speeds. The position avoids the low-pressure area generated by the vortex region near the swept wing 2 on the leeward side of the waverider. When the lift fan 3 is turned on during the low-speed period, the low-pressure area generated by the vortex on the leeward side is expanded, further improving the aerodynamic performance of the waverider.

[0036] The lift fan 3 of this application is located inside the mounting hole, and the lift fan 3 is embedded inside the wave rider to minimize the aerodynamic drag when the wave rider flies at high speed.

[0037] The fan blade 31 has a flat plate structure, and the plane perpendicular to the axis of the annular rotating housing 4 is the first plane. The lift fan 3 includes a working state and a closed state. The center of the outer arc segment of the fan blade 31 is rotatably connected to the annular rotating housing 4 through a fixed shaft 32. The fixed shaft 32 is arranged along the radial direction of the annular rotating housing 4.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, when the lift fan 3 is in operation, the lift fan 3 rotates to provide lift to the waverider, and the fan blade 31 and the first plane maintain a preset angle; in this embodiment, the preset angle can be designed to range from 20-80°. The arrow at the head position of the waverider in Figure 1 indicates the flight direction.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, when the lift fan 3 is in a closed state, the fan blades 31 are parallel to the first plane, and adjacent fan blades 31 are in contact, closing the channel of the annular rotating housing 4. The arrow at the head position of the waverider in Figure 2 indicates the flight direction.

[0040] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the lift fan 3 also includes an adjustment component. The fan blade 31 is mounted on the annular rotating housing 4 through the adjustment component. The adjustment component drives the fan blade 31 to rotate around the fixed shaft 32, thereby adjusting the angle between the fan blade 31 and the first plane so that the lift fan 3 can switch between the working state and the closed state.

[0041] The waverider ascends vertically to the design altitude at low altitude and low speed with the lift fan 3 providing lift. After that, the lift fan 3 needs to reduce its speed to maintain the design altitude. At the same time, the waverider gradually accelerates in the horizontal flight direction and eventually reaches the set Mach number. At this time, if the duct of the lift fan 3 is still open, the gas on the upper and lower surfaces of the waverider near the fan duct will overflow, which will seriously reduce the lift-to-drag ratio of the waverider. To solve this problem, the fan is designed so that the fan duct can be closed by changing the relative position of the blades after the fan stops rotating.

[0042] The adjustment components are as follows: The adjustment assembly includes a drive component, an annular ring 5, and a first lever 33 located at one end of the outer arc segment of the fan blade 31. Each fan blade 31 is provided with a first lever 33. The annular ring 5 is provided with multiple grooves 51 corresponding one-to-one with the first levers 33. As the grooves 51 extend along the circumferential direction of the annular ring 5, the axial position of one end of the groove 51 relative to the annular ring 5 gradually changes from the other end. The end of the first lever 33 is located in the groove 51. The annular ring 5 and the annular rotating housing 4 are coaxially arranged. The drive component is mounted on the mounting base or the annular rotating housing 4. The drive component drives the annular ring 5 to rotate relative to the annular rotating housing 4 around the axis of the annular rotating housing 4. During the rotation of the annular ring 5 relative to the annular rotating housing 4, it drives the first lever 33 to move along the groove 51, thereby driving the fan blade 31 to rotate around the fixed axis 32 and change the angle between the fan blade 31 and the first plane. In this embodiment, the groove 51 is spiral-shaped. In this embodiment, a connecting block is provided on the side of the fan blade 31 facing the bottom of the wave rider, near one end of the outer arc segment of the fan blade 31. One end of the first lever 33 is connected to the connecting block, and the other end of the second lever 34 passes through the slide groove 51 and is located on the outer periphery of the annular ring 5. The first lever 33 is a circular rod, and a first limiting cylindrical block is provided at one end of the first lever 33 that passes through the slide groove 51. The diameter of the first limiting cylindrical block is greater than the diameter of the first lever 33 and greater than the width of the slide groove 51.

[0043] The annular rotating housing 4 and the annular ring 5 have the same inner diameter and their end faces are connected. A limiting rod 41 is provided on the outer periphery of the annular rotating housing 4, extending to the outer periphery of the ring. A limiting ring 52 is provided on the outer periphery of the annular ring 5, and a limiting groove 53 is provided on the limiting ring 52 at the corresponding limiting position. The end of the limiting rod 41 is located in the limiting groove 53, which limits the rotation angle of the annular ring 5 relative to the annular rotating housing 4. In this embodiment, the limiting groove 53 corresponds to a central angle of 15-20°, limiting and positioning the relative rotation of the annular ring 5 and the annular rotating housing 4. When the limiting rod 41 abuts against one side of the limiting ring 52, the fan blade 31 is parallel to the first plane; when the limiting rod 41 abuts against the other side of the limiting ring 52, the fan blade 31 forms a preset angle with the first plane.

[0044] Each fan blade 31 has a second lever 34 at the end of its outer circumferential arc segment away from the first lever 33. The annular rotating housing 4 has an arc-shaped groove 42. The arc-shaped groove 42 and the second lever 34 rotate around the fixed axis 32 on the same axis. The arc-shaped groove 42 limits the displacement range of the second lever 34, preventing the fan blade 31 from rotating too much. In this embodiment, the second lever 34 is a circular rod. One end of the second lever 34 is connected to the fan blade 31, and the other end passes through the arc-shaped groove 42 and is located on the outer circumference of the annular rotating housing 4. The end of the second lever 34 passing through the arc-shaped groove 42 has a first limiting cylindrical block. The diameter of the second limiting cylindrical block is larger than the diameter of the second lever 34 and larger than the width of the arc-shaped groove 42.

[0045] The driving component includes a second external gear ring, a second transmission gear, and a second drive motor. The second external gear ring is fixed to the outer circumference of the annular ring 5. The second drive motor is mounted on the outer circumference of the annular rotating housing 4. The second transmission gear is mounted on the output shaft of the second drive motor and meshes with the second external gear ring. The second drive motor is a worm gear reducer motor. The power supply terminal of the second drive motor is connected to the power supply system of the wave rider through a conductive slip ring. In this embodiment, the second drive motor is a worm gear reducer motor with a self-locking function.

[0046] In this embodiment, a closing ring 43 is provided at the top of the annular rotating housing 4 and the bottom of the annular ring 5. Due to the presence of the transmission components of the lift drive assembly, there is a large gap between the annular rotating housing 4 and the mounting hole. The outer ring of the closing ring 43 matches the outer circumference of the mounting hole, and the closing ring 43 seals the gap between the annular rotating housing 4, the annular ring 5, and the mounting hole. At the same time, a small gap is maintained between the outer circumference of the closing ring 43 and the mounting hole to ensure the rotation of the annular rotating housing 4 of the lift fan 3 relative to the mounting hole. The limiting rod 41 is installed on the closing ring 43, and the closing ring 43 at the bottom of the annular ring 5 is the limiting ring 52.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the annular rotating housing 4 has an annular sleeve 44 around its outer periphery that wraps around the drive component. The top of the annular sleeve 44 is connected to the closing ring 43, and the bottom of the annular sleeve 44 is mated with the limiting ring 52 and maintains a gap. The annular sleeve 44 can prevent external impurities from entering the transmission components of the drive component. In other embodiments, other types of protective structures can also be provided at the top and bottom of the mounting holes corresponding to the lift fan 3.

[0048] This application also discloses the external design scheme of the waverider, as follows: like Figure 7As shown, after determining the design Mach number of the waverider and the shape of the curved shock line 61 of the reference flow field according to the design requirements, the horizontal projection profile 66 of the leading edge of the waverider and the shock bottom profile 64 are input as the basic geometric feature profiles for solving the lower surface of the waverider. Then, the shock bottom profile 64 is discretized, and the curved shock reference flow field in the tangent plane 62 corresponding to each discrete point is obtained by flow field scaling. Next, streamline tracing is performed on each obtained tangent plane 62 starting from the discrete leading edge point to obtain the lower surface streamline 63 of the reference waverider. At the same time, the upper surface streamline of the waverider is obtained by the free flow surface method. Finally, the upper and lower surfaces of the reference waverider are obtained by combining and lofting the upper and lower surface streamlines 63 of the waverider. The reference waverider is then closed by connecting the upper and lower surfaces of the waverider with the bottom surface.

[0049] Specifically, the known conditions for the kissing cone wave-riding design principle based on the leading edge horizontal projection profile 66 adopted in this invention are the incoming Mach number Ma, the reference flow field bending shock wave line 61 equation, and the leading edge horizontal projection profile 66 and the shock wave bottom profile 64.

[0050] First, the shock wave bottom profile 64 is discretized to obtain each shock point on the bottom section. From the center 01 of the curvature circle of shock point P1, the tangent cone axis 001 and the tangent plane 62 can be determined. The tangent cone axis 001 passes through the center 01 and is perpendicular to the bottom section. The tangent plane 62 is determined by the tangent cone axis and the shock point P1. Based on the length of line segment P101 and the designed reference curved shock wave flow field height, the reference flow field is scaled proportionally to the tangent plane 62 to obtain the reference curved shock wave equation within the tangent plane 62. Then, the reference flow field information is obtained by solving the curved shock wave equation 61. The intersection of the vertical surface with the horizontal projection profile 66 as the baseline and the shock line 0P1 within the tangent plane 62 is the leading edge point P. The vertical surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The lower surface is obtained by streamline tracing at point P in the curved shock wave reference flow field of the tangent plane 62. Streamline 63PP2, point P2 is the intersection of the streamline and the bottom section, i.e., the trailing edge point of the lower surface; repeat the above steps for other discrete points on the shock wave bottom profile 64 to obtain the streamlines in each cutting plane 62 and all the trailing edge points of the lower surface; combine and loft all the lower surface streamlines 63 to obtain the lower surface of the waverider; the upper surface is generated using the free-flow surface method, i.e., when tracing the upper surface streamline from the leading edge point, the streamline should extend along the incoming flow direction to the bottom section, and the bottom profiles of the upper and lower surfaces 65 close to form the bottom surface; then complete the closure of the upper, lower, and bottom surfaces of the waverider, thus completing the waverider design, and obtaining Figure 1 The reference waverider shape is shown. During the design, the geometric constraints of each profile should ensure that the horizontal projection profile 66 of the leading edge is located between the apex of the conical shock wave and the bottom section of the tangent plane 62, and does not exceed the width set by the waverider, so as to achieve compatibility of all design input parameters.

[0051] This application employs a double-sweep wing 2-waverider shape design with a lower Mach number design point, which enables the waverider to improve its low-speed aerodynamic performance while maintaining good supersonic performance.

[0052] The aforementioned lift fans 3 are provided on the two swept wings 2 of the waverider involved in this application.

[0053] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vertically take-off and landing waverider, comprising a leading-edge shock-generating surface, a central fuselage (1), and swept wings (2) located on both sides of the central fuselage (1), characterized in that, The two swept wings (2) are provided with mounting holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the waverider. Lift fans (3) are installed in the mounting holes, and the lift fans (3) are embedded in the mounting holes. The lift fans (3) provide vertical lift to the waverider. The axis of the lift fans (3) is parallel to the vertical axis of the waverider, and the lift fans (3) on the two swept wings (2) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central fuselage (1). Each lift fan (3) includes a mounting base, an annular rotating housing (4), multiple fan blades (31), and a lift drive assembly. The mounting base is fixed inside the mounting hole. The annular rotating housing (4) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The outer arc segment of the fan blade (31) is mounted on the inner wall of the annular rotating housing (4). Multiple fan blades (31) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the annular rotating housing (4). The axis of the annular rotating housing (4) serves as the rotation axis of the lift fan (3). The lift drive assembly is mounted on the mounting base and is used to drive the annular rotating housing (4) to rotate around the axis of the annular rotating housing (4). The fan blade (31) is a flat plate structure, and the plane perpendicular to the axis of the annular rotating housing (4) is the first plane. The lift fan (3) includes a working state and a closed state. The center of the outer arc segment of the fan blade (31) is rotatably connected to the annular rotating housing (4) through a fixed shaft (32). The fixed shaft (32) is set along the radial direction of the annular rotating housing (4). When the lift fan (3) is in operation, the lift fan (3) provides lift to the wave rider, and the fan blade (31) and the first plane maintain a preset angle; When the lift fan (3) is in a closed state, the fan blades (31) are parallel to the first plane and adjacent fan blades (31) are connected to each other, thus closing the channel of the annular rotating housing (4); The lift fan (3) also includes an adjustment component. The fan blade (31) is mounted on the annular rotating housing (4) via the adjustment component. The adjustment component is used to adjust the angle between the fan blade (31) and the first plane so that the lift fan (3) switches between working and closed states.

2. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a drive component, an annular ring (5), and a first lever (33) located at one end of the outer arc segment of the fan blade (31). Each fan blade (31) is provided with a first lever (33). The annular ring (5) is provided with multiple sliding grooves (51) that correspond one-to-one with the first levers (33). As the sliding grooves (51) extend along the circumferential direction of the annular ring (5), the axial position of one end of the sliding groove (51) relative to the annular ring (5) gradually changes from the other end. The end of the first lever (33) is located in the sliding groove (51). The annular ring (5) and the annular rotating housing (4) are coaxially arranged. The drive component is installed on the mounting base or the annular rotating housing (4). The drive component drives the annular ring (5) to rotate relative to the annular rotating housing (4) around the axis of the annular rotating housing (4).

3. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 2, characterized in that, The groove (51) is spiral-shaped.

4. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameters of the annular rotating shell (4) and the annular ring (5) are the same. The end faces of the annular rotating shell (4) and the annular ring (5) are connected. A limiting rod (41) is provided on the outer periphery of the annular rotating shell (4). The limiting rod (41) extends to the outer periphery of the annular ring. A limiting ring (52) is provided on the outer periphery of the annular ring (5). A limiting groove (53) is provided on the limiting ring (52) at the corresponding limiting position. The end of the limiting rod (41) is located in the limiting groove (53). The limiting groove (53) is used to limit the rotation angle of the annular ring (5) relative to the annular rotating shell (4).

5. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the fan blades (31) has a second lever (34) on the outer periphery arc segment away from the first lever (33). The annular rotating housing (4) has an arc groove (42). The arc groove (42) and the second lever (34) rotate around the fixed axis (32) on the same axis.

6. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waverider has a front-to-back length of L and a width of W. The axis of symmetry of the two lifting fans (3) is the first straight line. In the width direction of the wave rider, the distance from the axis of the lift fan (3) to the first straight line is 20-21%W; In the length direction of the waverider, the distance from the axis of the lift fan (3) to the tail of the waverider is 15-16%L.

7. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lift drive assembly includes a first external gear ring, a first transmission gear, and a first drive motor. The first external gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the annular rotating housing (4). The first transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The first drive motor is mounted on the mounting base. The output shaft of the first drive motor is connected to the first transmission gear. The first transmission gear meshes with the first external gear ring.

8. The vertically movable waverider according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component includes a second external gear ring, a second transmission gear, and a second drive motor. The second external gear ring is fixed on the outer circumference of the annular ring (5). The second drive motor is installed on the outer circumference of the annular rotating housing (4). The second transmission gear is installed on the output shaft of the second drive motor. The second transmission gear meshes with the second external gear ring. The second drive motor is a worm gear reducer motor. The power supply terminal of the second drive motor is connected to the power supply system of the wave rider through a conductive slip ring.

Images