Passive driver locking and unlocking device

Abstract

The application relates to a passive driver locking and unlocking device, which comprises a driving assembly, a fixed handle, an output shaft and a synchronous belt; the driving assembly and the output shaft are arranged at the two ends of the fixed handle, the output shaft is connected with the fixed handle through a bearing and can rotate around an axis, the driving assembly is connected with the output shaft through the synchronous belt to transmit torque, and the synchronous belt is located in the fixed handle; the driving assembly comprises a driving handle, a mandrel, a gasket, a return spring, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a brake assembly and a push rod assembly; the brake assembly comprises a brake base, a locking screw, an adjusting slider, a brake connecting rod, a friction block, a spring piece and a driving wheel cone surface; the passive driver locking device is locked in an anticlockwise direction, energy is stored in a clockwise direction, and the unlocking mode comprises an intermittent unlocking mode and a continuous unlocking mode. The application solves the problems of low unlocking efficiency, easy fatigue operation, high collision product risk and the like of the existing passive driver unlocking mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace process equipment technology and relates to a passive actuator locking and unlocking device. Background Technology

[0002] Passive actuators are widely used on satellites because they require no electricity, have a simple structure, and high reliability. They can be used as a drive source in conjunction with pyrotechnics and microswitches for the on-orbit deployment of single-unit equipment such as solar panels and radiating plates. Passive actuators primarily use an internal elastic element to provide driving force to the output shaft. Before each use, a torque needs to be applied to the elastic element via the input shaft to store energy. The output shaft will then output torque under the action of the elastic element.

[0003] Currently, passive actuators require manual rotation of the input shaft to store energy and lock before deployment. After deployment, the input shaft must be manually rotated again to release the remaining energy, thus unlocking. When locking, the internal ratchet mechanism allows for energy storage using a ratchet wrench. However, when unlocking, to avoid shock from the sudden release of remaining energy after the ratchet mechanism disengages, an adapter is typically inserted to slowly release the energy until it is fully released.

[0004] Passive actuators are located near the hinge, resulting in limited operating space and typically preventing full rotation during locking and unlocking. Furthermore, locking and unlocking require numerous rotations of the input shaft, necessitating the use of two wrenches to alternately rotate the input shaft during unlocking, leading to low unlocking efficiency. For high-torque passive actuators, the numerous unlocking rotations result in significant torque transmitted to the wrenches, causing fatigue after prolonged operation and increasing the risk of collisions between the wrench handle and the actuator or other equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a passive driver locking and unlocking device to solve the problems of low unlocking efficiency, easy operator fatigue, and high risk of product collision in the existing passive driver unlocking method.

[0006] The solution to the technical problem solved by the present invention is: a passive driver locking and unlocking device, comprising a drive assembly, a fixed handle, an output shaft and a timing belt;

[0007] The drive assembly and the output shaft are respectively located at both ends of the fixed handle. The output shaft is connected to the fixed handle through a bearing and can rotate around the axis. The drive assembly and the output shaft are connected by a timing belt to transmit torque. The fixed handle is a housing structure, and the timing belt is located inside the fixed handle.

[0008] The drive assembly includes a drive handle, a spindle, a washer, a return spring, a drive wheel, a driven wheel, a braking assembly, and a push rod assembly. The spindle is fastened to the fixed handle. The outer side of the spindle is cylindrical. The drive handle, drive wheel, and spindle are coaxially assembled. A return spring is installed between the drive handle and the drive wheel, providing thrust for the driven wheel to return. A stepped surface is provided at the upper end of the spindle. A washer is placed at the contact position between the stepped surface and the drive handle for axial limiting. The bottom of the spindle is connected to the driven wheel through a bearing, allowing the driven wheel to rotate around its axis. One end of the braking assembly is connected to the fixed handle, and the other end abuts against the driven wheel, limiting the continued rotation of the driven wheel after the drive wheel disengages. One end of the push rod assembly is inserted into the drive wheel, and the other end is exposed. Its extension and retraction direction is perpendicular to the spindle axis, and it is used to select the unlocking method of the passive actuator.

[0009] Furthermore, the push rod assembly includes a push rod, a clamping cap, a push rod handle, and a push rod spring;

[0010] The clamping cap is fixed to the drive wheel. The push rod handle and the push rod are connected by a thread. A push rod spring is installed between the end face of the push rod and the end face of the clamping cap to push the push rod towards the spindle. The clamping cap has two grooves of different depths at its end, spaced 90 degrees apart. When the push rod handle is rotated into the shallower groove of the clamping cap, the push rod compresses the push rod spring, causing the push rod assembly to be in a retracted state. The push rod is completely inside the drive wheel and does not contact the spindle. At this time, the passive actuator is in an intermittent unlocking process. When the push rod handle is rotated into the deeper groove of the clamping cap, the push rod spring pushes the push rod to extend. The push rod contacts the groove surface of the spindle, and the push rod assembly is in an extended state. At this time, the passive actuator is in a continuous unlocking process.

[0011] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the side of the mandrel facing the push rod in the middle. The groove is divided into four sections. The uppermost section is the upper horizontal section, which has the same depth. The bottom section is the lower horizontal section, which has the same depth but is shallower than the upper horizontal section. The rightmost ends of the upper and lower horizontal sections are flush, and the lower horizontal section is shorter than the upper horizontal section. The right side is the descending section, which connects the upper and lower horizontal sections and becomes shallower from top to bottom. The left side is the ascending section, which connects the lower and upper horizontal sections and becomes shallower from right to left. There is a step at the junction of the ascending section and the upper horizontal section.

[0012] Furthermore, the braking assembly includes a brake base, a set screw, an adjusting slider, a brake linkage, a friction block, a spring, and a drive wheel cone surface;

[0013] The adjusting slider can slide along the brake base. The end of the adjusting slider is limited by a set screw. The brake linkage connects the adjusting slider and the friction block. The end of the brake linkage is provided with a contact point near the cone surface of the driving wheel. The brake base is provided with a spring. Under the elastic action of the spring, the brake linkage is pushed to drive the friction block to press against the cylindrical surface of the driven wheel. When the driven wheel rotates clockwise, the brake assembly forms a dead point to provide sufficient friction force to limit the rotation of the driven wheel.

[0014] The cone surface of the driving wheel is fastened to the driving wheel. When the driving wheel moves downward, the cone surface of the driving wheel pushes open the contact point on the brake linkage, so that the braking assembly is in the triggered state, the friction block separates from the driven wheel, and the driven wheel can rotate freely.

[0015] The set screw is used to adjust the braking timing of the braking assembly. When the set screw is screwed in, it pushes the adjusting slider to slide along the brake base towards the driven wheel, thereby causing the contact point on the brake linkage to move away from the driving wheel cone surface. When the set screw is screwed out, it causes the adjusting slider to slide along the brake base away from the driven wheel, thereby causing the contact point on the brake linkage to move closer to the driving wheel cone surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the brake linkage has a central hole in the middle, an end hole at one end, and a contact point at the other end; the central hole is connected to the friction block via a pin, and the end hole is connected to the adjusting slider via a pin.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive handle and the drive wheel rotate synchronously through a comb-tooth structure.

[0018] When the drive handle is in the starting position, the drive handle is parallel to the fixed handle.

[0019] Furthermore, the driving wheel and the driven wheel mesh through a one-way inclined tooth structure to achieve unidirectional torque transmission.

[0020] Furthermore, the passive actuator locks counterclockwise and releases energy clockwise. The locking process of the passive actuator is as follows:

[0021] Adjust the push rod assembly to the retracted state, drive the handle to rotate counterclockwise, and under the action of the return spring, the driving wheel and the driven wheel mesh with each other;

[0022] Rotating the drive handle counterclockwise causes the drive wheel to rotate in the same direction, and the driven wheel rotates synchronously with the drive wheel. The torque is transmitted through the timing belt, causing the output shaft to rotate counterclockwise and lock until the number of locking turns meets the torque requirement.

[0023] Furthermore, the passive actuator locks counterclockwise and releases energy clockwise. The intermittent unlocking process of the passive actuator is as follows:

[0024] When the push rod assembly is adjusted to the extended state, and the drive handle is in the initial position, the push rod is in the lower horizontal section of the spindle under the action of the return spring. The driven wheel and the driving wheel are engaged with each other, the braking assembly is in the triggered state, and the driven wheel is not locked.

[0025] When the passive actuator releases stored energy, it rotates clockwise. The synchronous belt transmits the torque of the output shaft to the driven wheel, which then rotates clockwise. At the same time, the driving wheel, being engaged with the driven wheel, rotates in the same direction. Ultimately, the drive handle is driven by the driving wheel and tends to rotate clockwise.

[0026] Slowly rotate the hand-operated drive handle clockwise. When the push rod rotates horizontally along the lower horizontal section of the spindle to the rising section, continue rotating the drive handle. While the push rod rotates horizontally in the circumferential direction, it climbs upward along the inclined surface of the rising section of the spindle, which in turn drives the driving wheel to move upward. The cone surface of the driving wheel moves away from the contact point of the brake linkage. Under the action of the spring, the friction block of the brake assembly gradually approaches the driven wheel until the brake assembly reaches the dead point position and the driven wheel is locked.

[0027] Continue rotating the drive handle clockwise, and the drive wheel will drive the push rod assembly to rotate; since the driven wheel is locked, the drive wheel slides relative to the inclined plane that meshes with the driven wheel; as the push rod continues to climb along the rising section of the spindle until it slides into the horizontal section of the spindle, the drive wheel and the driven wheel completely separate.

[0028] When the drive handle can no longer be rotated clockwise due to the limit on the upper horizontal section of the spindle, the drive handle is rotated counterclockwise. At this time, the push rod moves along the upper horizontal section of the spindle and maintains the height. When the drive handle returns to the rightmost end of the upper horizontal section, the return spring gradually pushes the drive wheel and drives the push rod to slide down the lower section of the spindle to the lower horizontal section. The drive wheel and the driven wheel re-engage. At the same time, the cone surface of the drive wheel contacts the brake linkage contact point, causing the friction block to move away from the driven wheel, and the driven wheel is unlocked.

[0029] The torque acting on the passive wheel is transmitted back to the driving wheel, and this process repeats until the passive actuator's stored energy is fully released.

[0030] Furthermore, the passive actuator locks counterclockwise and releases energy clockwise. The continuous unlocking process of the passive actuator is as follows:

[0031] When the passive actuator has enough space to unlock, adjust the push rod assembly to the retracted state. At this time, the push rod is not in contact with the spindle groove, and the drive handle can drive the drive wheel to rotate around the spindle.

[0032] When the drive handle is at any angle, the return spring pushes the driving wheel and the driven wheel to mesh with each other, the braking component is in the triggered state, and the driven wheel is not locked;

[0033] When the passive actuator releases stored energy, it rotates clockwise. The synchronous belt transmits the torque of the output shaft to the driven wheel, which then rotates clockwise. At the same time, the driving wheel, being engaged with the driven wheel, rotates in the same direction. Ultimately, the drive handle is driven by the driving wheel and tends to rotate clockwise.

[0034] Turn the hand-operated drive handle clockwise until you no longer feel a clockwise torque on the drive handle. At this point, the energy stored in the passive actuator is fully released.

[0035] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0036] This invention utilizes a reciprocating unlocking method with a dedicated unlocking device to achieve intermittent unlocking of passive actuators in confined spaces. Compared to the existing method of alternating wrench unlocking, this invention simplifies the operation process and improves efficiency while ensuring safety. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the drive handle, the drive wheel, and the push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the driving wheel, the driven wheel, and the push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the spindle and the push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod assembly structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the braking assembly structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the drive wheel and the drive wheel conical surface in this invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the groove structure in the middle of the mandrel;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the brake linkage structure;

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Drive assembly, 1.1-Drive handle, 1.2-Spindle, 1.3-Washer, 1.4-Return spring, 1.5-Drive wheel, 1.6-Driven wheel, 1.7-Brake assembly, 1.7.1-Brake base, 1.7.2-Setting screw, 1.7.3-Adjusting slider, 1.7.4-Brake linkage, 1.7.5-Friction block, 1.7.6-Spring, 1.7.7-Drive wheel conical surface 1.8-Push rod assembly, 1.8.1-Push rod, 1.8.2-Pressure cap, 1.8.3-Push rod handle, 1.8.4-Push rod spring, 2-Fixed handle, 3-Output shaft, 4-Synchronous belt, 1.2.1-Upper horizontal section, 1.2.2-Descending section, 1.2.3-Lower horizontal section, 1.2.4-Rising section, 1.7.4.1-End hole, 1.7.4.2-Middle hole, 1.7.4.3-Contact. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a passive actuator locking and unlocking device, comprising a drive assembly 1, a fixed handle 2, an output shaft 3, and a timing belt 4. The drive assembly 1 and the output shaft 3 are respectively disposed at both ends of the fixed handle 2. The output shaft 3 is connected to the fixed handle 2 via bearings and can rotate around an axis. The drive assembly 1 and the output shaft 3 are connected by the timing belt 4 to transmit torque. The fixed handle 2 is a housing structure, consisting of a bottom shell and a cover plate connected together. The timing belt 4 is located inside the fixed handle 2.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive assembly 1 includes a drive handle 1.1, a spindle 1.2, a washer 1.3, a return spring 1.4, a drive wheel 1.5, a driven wheel 1.6, a braking assembly 1.7, and a push rod assembly 1.8. The spindle 1.2 is fastened to the fixed handle 2 with screws. The outer side of the spindle 1.2 is cylindrical. The drive handle 1.1, drive wheel 1.5, and spindle 1.2 are coaxially assembled. A return spring 1.4 is installed between the drive handle 1.1 and drive wheel 1.5, providing thrust for the driven wheel 1.6 to return. A stepped surface is provided at the upper end of the spindle 1.2. A washer 1.3 is placed at the contact position between the stepped surface and the drive handle 1.1 for axial limiting. The bottom of the spindle 1.2 is connected to the driven wheel 1.6 via a bearing, allowing the driven wheel 1.6 to rotate around its axis. One end of the braking assembly 1.7 is connected to the fixed handle 2, and the other end abuts against the driven wheel 1.6, restricting the continued rotation of the driven wheel 1.6 after the drive wheel 1.5 disengages. One end of the push rod assembly 1.8 is inserted into the drive wheel 1.5, while the other end is exposed. The extension and retraction direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 1.2, and it is used to select the unlocking method of the passive actuator.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the push rod assembly 1.8 includes a push rod 1.8.1, a clamping cap 1.8.2, a push rod handle 1.8.3, and a push rod spring 1.8.4. The clamping cap 1.8.2 is fixed to the drive wheel 1.5. The push rod handle 1.8.3 is threadedly connected to the push rod 1.8.1. The push rod spring 1.8.4 is positioned between the end face of the push rod 1.8.1 and the end face of the clamping cap 1.8.2 to push the push rod 1.8.1 towards the spindle 1.2. The clamping cap 1.8.2 has grooves of two different depths at its end, spaced 90 degrees apart. When the push rod handle 1.8.3 is rotated into the shallower groove of the clamping cap 1.8.2, the push rod 1.8.1 compresses the push rod spring 1.8.4, causing the push rod assembly 1.8 to be in a retracted state. The push rod 1.8.1 is fully contained within the drive wheel 1.5 and does not contact the spindle 1.2. At this time, the passive actuator is in an intermittent unlocking process. When the push rod handle 1.8.3 is rotated into the deeper groove of the clamping cap 1.8.2, the push rod spring 1.8.4 pushes the push rod 1.8.1 to extend. The push rod 1.8.1 contacts the groove surface of the spindle 1.2, and the push rod assembly 1.8 is in the extended state. Figure 6 As shown, the passive driver is in a continuous unlocking process at this time.

[0053] like Figure 10 As shown, the mandrel 1.2 has a groove on the side facing the push rod 1.8.1 in the middle. The groove is divided into four sections. The uppermost section is the upper horizontal section 1.2.1, which has the same depth. The bottom section is the lower horizontal section 1.2.3, which has the same depth but is slightly shallower than the upper horizontal section 1.2.1. The upper horizontal section 1.2.1 and the lower horizontal section 1.2.3 are flush at their rightmost ends. The lower horizontal section 1.2.3 is shorter than the upper horizontal section 1.2.1. The right side is the descending section 1.2.2, which connects the upper horizontal section 1.2.1 and the lower horizontal section 1.2.3, and the depth decreases from top to bottom. The left side is the ascending section 1.2.4, which connects the lower horizontal section 1.2.3 and the upper horizontal section 1.2.1, and the depth decreases from right to left. There is a step at the junction of the ascending section 1.2.4 and the upper horizontal section 1.2.1.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the drive handle 1.1 and the drive wheel 1.5 rotate synchronously through a comb-tooth structure. When the drive handle 1.1 is in the starting position, it is parallel to the fixed handle 2.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, the driving wheel 1.5 and the driven wheel 1.6 mesh through a one-way inclined surface tooth structure to achieve unidirectional torque transmission.

[0056] like Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the braking assembly 1.7 includes a brake base 1.7.1, a set screw 1.7.2, an adjusting slider 1.7.3, a brake linkage 1.7.4, a friction block 1.7.5, a spring 1.7.6, and a drive wheel conical surface 1.7.7. The adjusting slider 1.7.3 can slide along the brake base 1.7.1, and the end of the adjusting slider 1.7.3 is limited by the set screw 1.7.2. The brake linkage 1.7.4 connects the adjusting slider 1.7.3 and the friction block 1.7.5, and the end of the brake linkage 1.7.4 is provided with a protruding structural contact near the drive wheel conical surface 1.7.7. The brake base 1.7.1 is provided with a spring 1.7.6. Under the elastic action of the spring 1.7.6, the brake linkage 1.7.4 is pushed, causing the friction block 1.7.5 to press tightly against the cylindrical surface of the driven wheel 1.6. When the driven wheel 1.6 rotates clockwise, the braking assembly 1.7 forms a dead point to provide sufficient friction and restrict the rotation of the driven wheel 1.6. The driving wheel conical surface 1.7.7 is fastened to the driving wheel 1.5. When the driving wheel 1.5 moves downward, the driving wheel conical surface 1.7.7 pushes open the contact point on the brake linkage 1.7.4, putting the braking assembly 1.7 in the triggered state. The friction block 1.7.5 separates from the driven wheel 1.6, allowing the driven wheel 1.6 to rotate freely. Set screw 1.7.2 is used to adjust the braking timing of brake assembly 1.7. When set screw 1.7.2 is screwed in, it pushes adjusting slider 1.7.3 to slide along brake base 1.7.1 towards the driven wheel 1.6, thereby causing the contact point on brake link 1.7.4 to move away from the driving wheel cone surface 1.7.7. When set screw 1.7.2 is screwed out, it pushes adjusting slider 1.7.3 to slide along brake base 1.7.1 away from the driven wheel 1.6, thereby causing the contact point on brake link 1.7.4 to move closer to the driving wheel cone surface 1.7.7. Set screw 1.7.2 can solve the problem of brake assembly 1.7 trigger failure caused by wear of friction block 1.7.5 and contact point.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, the brake linkage 1.7.4 has a central hole 1.7.4.2 in the middle, an end hole 1.7.4.1 at one end, and a contact point 1.7.4.3 at the other end. The central hole 1.7.4.2 is connected to the friction block 1.7.5 by a pin, and the end hole 1.7.4.1 is connected to the adjusting slider 1.7.3 by a pin.

[0058] The locking and unlocking process of the passive actuator of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The passive actuator locks counterclockwise and releases stored energy clockwise.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The locking process of the passive actuator is as follows:

[0061] 1) Adjust the push rod assembly 1.8 to the retracted state, drive the handle 1.1 to rotate counterclockwise, and under the action of the return spring 1.4, the driving wheel 1.5 and the driven wheel 1.6 mesh with each other.

[0062] 2) Rotating the drive handle 1.1 counterclockwise causes the drive wheel 1.5 to rotate in the same direction, and the driven wheel 1.6 rotates synchronously with the drive wheel 1.5. The torque is transmitted through the synchronous belt 4 to make the output shaft 3 rotate counterclockwise to lock until the number of locking turns meets the torque requirement.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The intermittent unlocking process of the passive driver is as follows:

[0065] 1) When the push rod assembly 1.8 is adjusted to the extended state, and the drive handle 1.1 is in the initial position, under the action of the return spring 1.4, the push rod 1.8.1 is in the horizontal section 1.2.3 below the spindle 1.2, the driven wheel 1.6 and the driving wheel 1.5 are engaged with each other, the braking assembly 1.7 is in the triggered state, and the driven wheel 1.6 is not locked.

[0066] 2) When the passive driver releases stored energy, it rotates clockwise. The synchronous belt 4 transmits the torque of the output shaft 3 to the driven wheel 1.6, which rotates clockwise. At the same time, the driving wheel 1.5, being engaged with the driven wheel 1.6, rotates in the same direction. Finally, the drive handle 1.1, under the action of the driving wheel 1.5, has a clockwise rotation tendency.

[0067] 3) Slowly rotate the drive handle 1.1 clockwise. When the push rod 1.8.1 rotates horizontally along the lower horizontal section 1.2.3 of the groove of the spindle 1.2 to the rising section 1.2.4, continue to rotate the drive handle 1.1. The push rod 1.8.1 will rise upward along the inclined surface of the rising section 1.2.4 of the groove of the spindle 1.2 while rotating horizontally in the circumferential direction. At the same time, it will drive the drive wheel 1.5 to move upward. The cone surface 1.7.7 of the drive wheel will move away from the contact point of the brake linkage 1.7.4. Under the action of the spring 1.7.6, the friction block 1.7.5 of the brake assembly 1.7 will gradually move closer to the driven wheel 1.6 until the brake assembly 1.7 reaches the dead point position and the driven wheel 1.6 is locked.

[0068] 4) Continue rotating the drive handle 1.1 clockwise, and the driving wheel 1.5 drives the push rod assembly 1.8 to rotate. Since the driven wheel 1.6 is locked, the driving wheel 1.5 slides relative to the inclined plane that meshes with the driven wheel 1.6. When the push rod 1.8.1 continues to climb along the rising section 1.2.4 of the groove of the spindle 1.2 until the push rod 1.8.1 slides into the horizontal section 1.2.1 of the spindle 1.2, the driving wheel 1.5 and the driven wheel 1.6 are completely separated.

[0069] 5) When the drive handle 1.1 can no longer rotate clockwise due to the limitation of the upper horizontal section 1.2.1 of the spindle 1.2, the drive handle 1.1 is rotated counterclockwise. At this time, the push rod 1.8.1 moves along the upper horizontal section 1.2.1 of the spindle 1.2 and maintains the height. When the drive handle 1.1 returns to the rightmost end of the upper horizontal section 1.2.1, the return spring 1.4 gradually pushes the drive wheel 1.5 and drives the push rod 1.8.1 to slide down along the lower section 1.2.2 of the spindle 1.2 to the lower horizontal section 1.2.3. The drive wheel 1.5 re-engages with the driven wheel 1.6, and at the same time, the cone surface 1.7.7 of the drive wheel contacts the contact point of the brake linkage 1.7.4, causing the friction block 1.7.5 to move away from the driven wheel 1.6, and the driven wheel 1.6 is unlocked.

[0070] 6) The torque acting on the passive wheel 1.6 is transmitted back to the driving wheel 1.5, and so on, until the passive actuator's stored energy is completely released.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The continuous unlocking process of the passive driver is as follows:

[0073] 1) When the passive actuator has enough space to unlock, adjust the push rod assembly 1.8 to the retracted state. At this time, the push rod 1.8.1 is not in contact with the groove of the spindle 1.2, and the drive handle 1.1 can drive the drive wheel 1.5 to rotate around the spindle 1.2.

[0074] 2) When the drive handle 1.1 is at any angle, the return spring 1.4 pushes the drive wheel 1.5 and the driven wheel 1.6 to mesh with each other, the braking assembly 1.7 is in the triggered state, and the driven wheel 1.6 is not locked.

[0075] 3) When the passive actuator releases its stored energy, it rotates clockwise, and the synchronous belt 4 transmits the torque of the output shaft 3 to the driven wheel 1.6. The driven wheel 1.6 rotates clockwise accordingly, and the driving wheel 1.5, being engaged with the driven wheel 1.6, rotates in the same direction. Ultimately, the drive handle 1.1, under the action of the driving wheel 1.5, tends to rotate clockwise.

[0076] 4) Hold the drive handle 1.1 and turn it clockwise until the drive handle 1.1 no longer feels a clockwise torque. At this time, the energy stored in the passive actuator is completely released.

[0077] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0078] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A passive driver locking and unlocking device, characterized in that it includes a drive assembly (1), a fixed handle (2), an output shaft (3), and a timing belt (4). The drive assembly (1) and the output shaft (3) are respectively set at both ends of the fixed handle (2). The output shaft (3) and the fixed handle (2) are connected by bearings and can rotate around the axis. The drive assembly (1) and the output shaft (3) are connected by a timing belt (4) to transmit torque. The fixed handle (2) is a housing structure and the timing belt (4) is located inside the fixed handle (2). The drive assembly (1) includes a drive handle (1.1), a spindle (1.2), a washer (1.3), a return spring (1.4), a drive wheel (1.5), a driven wheel (1.6), a braking assembly (1.7), and a push rod assembly (1.8); the spindle (1.2) is fastened to the fixed handle (2), the outer side of the spindle (1.2) is cylindrical, the drive handle (1.1), the drive wheel (1.5) are coaxially assembled with the spindle (1.2), the return spring (1.4) is installed between the drive handle (1.1) and the drive wheel (1.5), and the return spring (1.4) provides thrust for the driven wheel (1.6) to return; the spindle (1.8)... 2) A stepped surface is provided at the upper end. A shim (1.3) is provided at the contact position between the stepped surface and the drive handle (1.1) for axial limiting. The bottom of the spindle (1.2) is connected to the driven wheel (1.6) through a bearing, so that the driven wheel (1.6) can rotate around the axis. One end of the braking assembly (1.7) is connected to the fixed handle (2), and the other end abuts against the driven wheel (1.6). After the driving wheel (1.5) is disengaged, the driven wheel (1.6) is restricted from continuing to rotate. One end of the push rod assembly (1.8) is inserted into the driving wheel (1.5), and the other end is exposed. The extension and retraction direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle (1.2) and is used to select the unlocking method of the passive drive. The push rod assembly (1.8) includes a push rod (1.8.1), a clamping cap (1.8.2), a push rod handle (1.8.3), and a push rod spring (1.8.4). The clamping cap (1.8.2) is fixed on the drive wheel (1.5). The push rod handle (1.8.3) and the push rod (1.8.1) are connected by threads. A push rod spring (1.8.4) is installed between the end face of the push rod (1.8.1) and the end face of the clamping cap (1.8.2) to push the push rod (1.8.1) towards the spindle (1.2). The clamping cap (1.8.2) has grooves of two different depths at its end, spaced 90 degrees apart. When the push rod handle (1.8.3) is rotated into the shallower groove of the clamping cap (1.8.2), the push rod (1.8.1)... The compression spring (1.8.4) keeps the push rod assembly (1.8) in a retracted state, with the push rod (1.8.1) fully inside the drive wheel (1.5) and not in contact with the spindle (1.2). At this time, the passive actuator is in an intermittent unlocking process. When the push rod handle (1.8.3) is rotated to a deeper groove in the clamping cap (1.8.2), the push rod spring (1.8.4) pushes the push rod (1.8.1) out, and the push rod (1.8.1) contacts the groove surface of the spindle (1.2). The push rod assembly (1.8) is in an extended state, and at this time, the passive actuator is in a continuous unlocking process. The spindle (1.2) has a groove on the side facing the push rod (1.8.1) in the middle. The groove is divided into four sections. The uppermost section is the upper horizontal section (1.2.1), which has the same depth. The bottom section is the lower horizontal section (1.2.3), which has the same depth but is shallower than the upper horizontal section (1.2.1). The rightmost ends of the upper horizontal section (1.2.1) and the lower horizontal section (1.2.3) are flush. The lower horizontal section (1.2.3) is shorter than the upper horizontal section (1.2.1). The right side is the descending section (…). 1.2.2), connecting the upper horizontal segment (1.2.1) and the lower horizontal segment (1.2.3), the depth decreases from top to bottom; the left side is the rising segment (1.2.4), connecting the lower horizontal segment (1.2.3) and the upper horizontal segment (1.2.1), the depth decreases from right to left, and there is a step at the junction of the rising segment (1.2.4) and the upper horizontal segment (1.2.1); The braking assembly (1.7) includes a brake base (1.7.1), a set screw (1.7.2), an adjusting slider (1.7.3), a brake linkage (1.7.4), a friction block (1.7.5), a spring (1.7.6), and a drive wheel cone surface (1.7.7). The adjusting slider (1.7.3) can slide along the brake base (1.7.1). The end of the adjusting slider (1.7.3) is limited by a set screw (1.7.2). The brake linkage (1.7.4) connects the adjusting slider (1.7.3) and the friction block (1.7.5). The end of the brake linkage (1.7.4) is provided with a contact point near the cone surface (1.7.7) of the driving wheel. The brake base (1.7.1) is provided with a spring (1.7.6). Under the elastic action of the spring (1.7.6), the brake linkage (1.7.4) is pushed to drive the friction block (1.7.5) to press against the cylindrical surface of the driven wheel (1.6). When the driven wheel (1.6) rotates clockwise, the brake assembly (1.7) forms a dead point to provide sufficient friction force and limit the rotation of the driven wheel (1.6). The driving wheel conical surface (1.7.7) is fastened to the driving wheel (1.5). When the driving wheel (1.5) moves downward, the driving wheel conical surface (1.7.7) pushes open the contact point on the brake linkage (1.7.4), so that the brake assembly (1.7) is in the triggered state, the friction block (1.7.5) separates from the driven wheel (1.6), and the driven wheel (1.6) can rotate freely. The set screw (1.7.2) is used to adjust the braking timing of the brake assembly (1.7). When the set screw (1.7.2) is screwed in, it pushes the adjusting slider (1.7.3) to slide along the brake base (1.7.1) towards the driven wheel (1.6), thereby causing the contact point on the brake link (1.7.4) to move away from the driving wheel cone surface (1.7.7). When the set screw (1.7.2) is screwed out, it causes the adjusting slider (1.7.3) to slide along the brake base (1.7.1) away from the driven wheel (1.6), thereby causing the contact point on the brake link (1.7.4) to move closer to the driving wheel cone surface (1.7.7).

2. The passive actuator locking and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake linkage (1.7.4) has a central hole (1.7.4.2) in the middle and an end hole at one end. 1.7.4.1), the other end is provided with a contact point (1.7.4.3); the middle hole (1.7.4.2) is connected to the friction block (1.7.5) by a pin, and the end hole (1.7.4.1) is connected to the adjusting slider (1.7.3) by a pin.

3. The passive actuator locking and unlocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive handle (1.1) and the drive wheel (1.5) are connected by a comb-tooth structure to achieve synchronous rotation; When the drive handle (1.1) is in the starting position, the drive handle (1.1) is parallel to the fixed handle (2).

4. The passive actuator locking and unlocking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving wheel (1.5) and the driven wheel (1.6) mesh through a unidirectional inclined surface tooth structure to achieve unidirectional torque transmission.

5. The passive actuator locking and unlocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The passive actuator locks itself counterclockwise and releases its stored energy clockwise. The locking process of the passive actuator is as follows: Adjust the push rod assembly (1.8) to the retracted state, drive the handle (1.1) to rotate counterclockwise, and under the action of the return spring (1.4), the driving wheel (1.5) and the driven wheel (1.6) mesh with each other; Turning the drive handle (1.1) counterclockwise causes the drive wheel (1.5) to rotate in the same direction, and the driven wheel (1.6) rotates synchronously with the drive wheel (1.5). The torque is transmitted through the timing belt (4) to make the output shaft (3) rotate counterclockwise to lock until the number of locking turns meets the torque requirements.

6. The passive actuator locking and unlocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The passive actuator locks counterclockwise and releases stored energy clockwise. The intermittent unlocking process of the passive actuator is as follows: When the push rod assembly (1.8) is adjusted to the extended state, and the drive handle (1.1) is in the initial position, under the action of the return spring (1.4), the push rod (1.8.1) is in the horizontal section (1.2.3) below the spindle (1.2), the driven wheel (1.6) and the driving wheel (1.5) are engaged with each other, the braking assembly (1.7) is in the triggered state, and the driven wheel (1.6) is not locked. When the passive actuator releases stored energy, it rotates clockwise. The synchronous belt (4) transmits the torque of the output shaft (3) to the driven wheel (1.6), which then rotates clockwise. At the same time, the driving wheel (1.5) rotates in the same direction as the driven wheel (1.6) because it is meshed with the driven wheel (1.6). Finally, the drive handle (1.1) is driven by the driving wheel (1.5) and has a clockwise rotation tendency. Slowly rotate the hand-operated drive handle (1.1) clockwise. When the push rod (1.8.1) rotates horizontally along the lower horizontal section (1.2.3) of the spindle (1.2) to the rising section (1.2.4), continue to rotate the drive handle (1.1). While rotating horizontally in the circumferential direction, the push rod (1.8.1) climbs upward along the inclined plane of the rising section (1.2.4) of the spindle (1.2), which drives the drive wheel (1.5) to move upward. The cone surface (1.7.7) of the drive wheel moves away from the contact point of the brake linkage (1.7.4). Under the action of the spring (1.7.6), the friction block (1.7.5) of the brake assembly (1.7) gradually approaches the driven wheel (1.6) until the brake assembly (1.7) reaches the dead point position and the driven wheel (1.6) is locked. Continue rotating the drive handle (1.1) clockwise, and the drive wheel (1.5) drives the push rod assembly (1.8) to rotate; since the driven wheel (1.6) is locked, the drive wheel (1.5) slides relative to the inclined plane that meshes with the driven wheel (1.6); when the push rod (1.8.1) continues to climb along the rising section (1.2.4) of the spindle (1.2) until the push rod (1.8.1) slides into the horizontal section (1.2.1) of the spindle (1.2), the drive wheel (1.5) and the driven wheel (1.6) are completely separated; When the drive handle (1.1) can no longer rotate clockwise due to the limit of the upper horizontal section (1.2.1) of the spindle (1.2), the drive handle (1.1) is rotated counterclockwise. At this time, the push rod (1.8.1) moves along the upper horizontal section (1.2.1) of the spindle (1.2) and maintains the height. When the drive handle (1.1) returns to the rightmost end of the upper horizontal section (1.2.1), the return spring (1.4) gradually pushes the drive wheel (1.5) and drives the push rod (1.8.1) to slide down along the lower section (1.2.2) of the spindle (1.2) to the lower horizontal section (1.2.3). The drive wheel (1.5) and the driven wheel (1.6) re-engage. At the same time, the cone surface (1.7.7) of the drive wheel contacts the contact point of the brake linkage (1.7.4), causing the friction block (1.7.5) to move away from the driven wheel (1.6), and the driven wheel (1.6) is unlocked. The torque acting on the passive wheel (1.6) is transmitted back to the driving wheel (1.5), and this process repeats until the energy stored in the passive actuator is fully released.

7. The passive actuator locking and unlocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The passive actuator locks counterclockwise and releases energy clockwise. The continuous unlocking process of the passive actuator is as follows: When the passive actuator has enough space to unlock, adjust the push rod assembly (1.8) to the retracted state. At this time, the push rod (1.8.1) is not in contact with the groove of the spindle (1.2), and the drive handle (1.1) can drive the drive wheel (1.5) to rotate around the spindle (1.2) for a full circle. When the drive handle (1.1) is at any angle, the return spring (1.4) pushes the drive wheel (1.5) and the driven wheel (1.6) to mesh with each other, the braking assembly (1.7) is in the triggered state, and the driven wheel (1.6) is not locked; When the passive actuator releases stored energy, it rotates clockwise. The synchronous belt (4) transmits the torque of the output shaft (3) to the driven wheel (1.6), which then rotates clockwise. At the same time, the driving wheel (1.5) rotates in the same direction as the driven wheel (1.6) because it is meshed with the driven wheel (1.6). Finally, the drive handle (1.1) is driven by the driving wheel (1.5) and has a clockwise rotation tendency. Turn the hand-held drive handle (1.1) clockwise until the drive handle (1.1) no longer feels a clockwise torque, at which point the energy stored in the passive actuator is fully released.

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