Fish luring and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower station

Abstract

The application provides a fish-attracting and ecological flow providing device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering metal structures, and comprises a water diversion pressure steel pipe, two branch pipes are arranged on the water diversion pressure steel pipe, the two branch pipes are respectively connected with an ecological flow pipe and a stilling basin, the outlet of the stilling basin is connected with a fish-attracting water diversion pipe, the outlets of the ecological flow pipe and the fish-attracting water diversion pipe are arranged on the downstream side of a hydropower station dam, and the outlet of the fish-attracting water diversion pipe is connected with a fishway. The application provides a fish passing means for high dams and hydropower stations with large water level changes, meets the ecological dam passing requirements of fish, and is helpful for the breeding and survival of fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal structure technology for water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations. Background Technology

[0002] In hydropower station construction projects, to ensure the protection of fish resources and the balance of the downstream ecosystem, it is usually necessary to configure fish passage facilities and implement ecological flow discharge measures within the hydropower station. Ecological flow refers to the minimum water flow necessary to maintain the downstream aquatic ecological environment and the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms; while fish-attracting flow refers to the specific water flow set to attract fish. In current technology, hydropower stations typically use the tailrace flow of the turbine to attract fish, but the tailrace flow velocity is usually low and cannot meet the flow velocity requirements for attracting fish in different fish species or different geographical environments; alternatively, a biomimetic fishway solution is used, which designs the fishway with a certain slope, similar to the principle of a winding mountain road, to allow fish to cross the dam; however, such fishways are not suitable for hydropower stations with high dams and large reservoir water level fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, aiming to solve at least one of the technical problems of the prior art mentioned in the background section.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution to achieve the above objectives: A fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations includes a water intake pressure steel pipe with two branch pipes. The two branch pipes are respectively connected to an ecological flow pipe and a stilling basin. The outlet of the stilling basin is connected to a fish-attracting water intake pipe. The outlets of the ecological flow pipe and the fish-attracting water intake pipe are located on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. The outlet of the fish-attracting water intake pipe is connected to a fish-attracting channel.

[0005] Furthermore, a water channel is provided between the fish-attracting water pipe and the fish-attracting channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the ecological flow pipe is equipped with an emergency valve, a working flow regulating valve, and a maintenance valve in sequence along the water flow direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the upstream end of the fish-attracting water pipe is equipped with a fish-attracting emergency valve, a stilling pool working valve, and a stilling pool, while the downstream end of the fish-attracting water pipe is equipped with a working valve and a maintenance valve.

[0008] Furthermore, a fish lift and a fish collection bucket are installed at the connection between the water diversion channel and the fish-attracting channel; Furthermore, the emergency valve, working flow regulating valve, and maintenance valve one of the ecological flow pipe and the working flow regulating valve and maintenance valve two of the fish-attracting and water-diverting pipe are all located in the ecological flow valve chamber, which is located on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam.

[0009] Furthermore, a gate and a water supply valve are installed at the end of the water diversion channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom elevation of the water diversion channel is set above the gate installation elevation.

[0011] Furthermore, the width of the water diversion channel is greater than the width of the fish-attracting channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the stilling basin is equipped with an overflow outlet.

[0013] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: To address the issue of low water flow velocity in the tailrace of power stations, which fails to meet the required flow rate for fish attraction, this solution proposes an effective measure by combining ecological flow pipes and fish attraction flow pipes. This is particularly suitable for hydropower stations with high dams and high water heads, thereby meeting the ecological needs of fish for crossing the dam, promoting fish reproduction and survival, and maintaining ecological balance.

[0014] This technical solution involves installing a stilling basin and an energy dissipation valve between the water inlet in front of the dam and the end fish-attracting flow valve. By dissipating the high water head potential energy in front of the dam in stages, the energy dissipation coefficient requirement of the valve is reduced, which greatly reduces the design and manufacturing difficulty of the valve.

[0015] This technical solution adds a gate and a water supply valve at the outlet of the water diversion channel. The water supply valve fills the water diversion channel with water, which effectively reduces the water head pressure when the valve is opened, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the valve.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this technical solution not only improves the efficiency of water resource utilization and saves water consumption, but also meets the ecological needs of fish crossing the dam, promotes fish reproduction and survival, maintains ecological balance, and demonstrates its significant advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural planar layout of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (cross-sectional view of the ecological flow valve chamber); Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention (cross-sectional view of the ecological flow valve chamber); Figure 4 This is a detailed structural diagram of the stilling pool of the present invention; Attached diagram labels: 1-Ecological flow pipe; 2-Emergency valve; 3-Working flow regulating valve; 4-Maintenance valve one; 5-Fish attracting water pipe; 6-Working valve; 7-Maintenance valve two; 8-Water diversion channel; 9-Fish lifter and fish collecting hopper; 10-Water replenishment valve; 11-Gate; 12-Fish attracting channel; 13-Fish attracting emergency valve; 14-Stress relief pool working valve; 15-Stress relief pool. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of this application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0021] Example 1. A fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations includes a water intake pressure steel pipe with two branch pipes. The two branch pipes are respectively connected to an ecological flow pipe 1 and a stilling basin 15. The outlet of the stilling basin 15 is connected to a fish-attracting water intake pipe 5. The outlets of the ecological flow pipe 1 and the fish-attracting water intake pipe 5 are located on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. The outlet of the fish-attracting water intake pipe 5 is connected to a fish-attracting channel 12.

[0022] An emergency valve 2, a working flow regulating valve 3, and a maintenance valve 4 are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction on the ecological flow pipe 1; an emergency valve 13, a working valve 14, and a stilling pool 15 are arranged at the upstream end of the fish-attracting water pipe 5; and a working valve 6 and a maintenance valve 7 are arranged at the downstream end of the fish-attracting water pipe 5. The system includes an emergency valve 2, a working flow regulating valve 3, and a maintenance valve 4 on the ecological flow pipe 1 to control the size and speed of the water flow, thereby providing the water flow rate required for ecological release. Emergency valve 2 provides emergency shut-off protection for working valve 6 in case of an accident. Maintenance valve 4 provides waterless maintenance conditions when the tailwater level is higher than the pipe centerline; the working valve 6 on the fish-attracting flow pipe reduces the high-head water flow in front of the valve to a state that meets the requirements for fish-attracting flow velocity and flow rate; maintenance valve 7 provides waterless maintenance conditions for working valve 6; and a water diversion channel 8 effectively adjusts the water flow state, allowing the relatively concentrated water flow from the ecological flow pipe 11 to gradually expand, matching the width of the concentrated water flow bundle with the width of the fish-attracting channel.

[0023] The selection of the diameters of the emergency valve 2, working flow regulating valve 3, maintenance valve 1 4, working valve 6, and maintenance valve 2 7 should meet the requirements of the discharge flow rate under the most unfavorable conditions of the lowest water head, and meet the requirements of the flow velocity and discharge coefficient under the most unfavorable conditions of the highest water head.

[0024] A water diversion channel 8 is provided between the fish-attracting water pipe 5 and the fish-attracting channel 12; a fish lifter and a fish collection bucket 9 are provided at the connection between the water diversion channel 8 and the fish-attracting channel 12. By setting up the water diversion channel 8, a location is provided for the installation of the fish lifter and the fish collection bucket 9, which facilitates the fish-attracting water pipe 5 to attract fish to migrate upstream through the fish-attracting channel 12, and then the fish are transferred to the upstream of the dam by the fish lifter and the fish collection bucket 9.

[0025] The end of the water diversion channel 8 is equipped with a gate 11 and a water supply valve 10. The water supply valve 10 is used to fill the water diversion fish passage with water, and the gate 11 blocks the water to store the water level to a certain height, reducing the water pressure difference before and after the valve is opened, and at the same time reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the valve.

[0026] The stilling basin 15 is equipped with an overflow outlet, and a water discharge pipe is installed on the overflow outlet. The outlet of the water discharge pipe is located on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. By setting an overflow outlet on the stilling basin 15, a discharge channel is provided for the redundant water volume, avoiding excessive water accumulation in the stilling basin 15 and preventing interference with nearby facilities.

[0027] The working principle and usage of this invention: This invention is primarily applied in high-dam hydropower stations. By opening a branch pipe on the downstream side of the dam and on the water diversion pressure steel pipe, connecting the ecological flow pipe 1 and the fish-attracting water pipe 5, it provides necessary water resources for the downstream ecological environment and fish. The layout of this invention is flexible; the location of the branch pipe and the stilling basin 15 can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific conditions of the high-dam hydropower station. The stilling basin 15 can be integrated with the power plant building, and it also serves as a fire-fighting water tank for the power plant building. Example 2. A fish-attracting and ecological flow-providing device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, based on Example 1, arranges the inlet and outlet of the fish-attracting water pipe 5 at the same elevation, and uses the water diversion channel 8 as a reservoir at the outlet to provide a certain back pressure, reduce the water pressure difference before and after the gate 11, and reduce the design and manufacturing difficulty of the gate 11; when the water level exceeds the bottom elevation of the fish-attracting channel 12, the fish-attracting water flow is provided by water overflow; using the above arrangement, one set of gate 11 equipment can be reduced compared to Example 1.

[0028] Example 3. A fish-attracting and ecological flow supply device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, based on Example 1, adds an ecological flow valve chamber. The emergency valve 2, working flow regulating valve 3, and maintenance valve 4 of the ecological flow pipe 1, and the working flow regulating valve 3 and maintenance valve 7 of the fish-attracting water inlet pipe 5 are all located in the ecological flow valve chamber, which is situated downstream of the hydropower station dam. By setting up the ecological flow valve chamber, a protective space is provided for the emergency valve 2, working flow regulating valve 3, and maintenance valve 4 of the ecological flow pipe 1, and the working flow regulating valve 3 and maintenance valve 7 of the fish-attracting water inlet pipe 5, preventing the aforementioned structures from being submerged when the water level downstream of the dam is too high, thus avoiding impact on the daily maintenance of the ecological flow pipe 1 and the fish-attracting water inlet pipe 5.

[0029] Obviously, the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any combination, modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, and all other embodiments that can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish-attracting and ecological flow device suitable for high dam hydropower stations, comprising a water intake pressure steel pipe, characterized in that: Two branch pipes are opened on the water diversion pressure steel pipe. The two branch pipes are connected to the ecological flow pipe (1) and the stilling pool (15) respectively. The outlet of the stilling pool (15) is connected to the fish-attracting water pipe (5). The outlets of the ecological flow pipe (1) and the fish-attracting water pipe (5) are located on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam. The outlet of the fish-attracting water pipe (5) is connected to the fish-attracting channel (12).

2. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological flow pipe (1) is provided with an emergency valve (2), a working flow regulating valve (3) and a maintenance valve (4) in sequence along the water flow direction.

3. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream end of the fish-attracting water pipe (5) is equipped with a fish-attracting accident valve (13), a stilling pool working valve (14), and a stilling pool (15), and the downstream end of the fish-attracting water pipe (5) is equipped with a working valve (6) and a maintenance valve (7).

4. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water channel (8) is provided between the fish-attracting water pipe (5) and the fish-attracting channel (12).

5. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fish lifter and a fish collection bucket (9) are installed at the connection between the water diversion channel (8) and the fish attraction channel (12).

6. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that: The emergency valve (2), working flow regulating valve (3), and maintenance valve one (4) of the ecological flow pipe (1) and the working flow regulating valve (3) and maintenance valve two (7) of the fish-attracting water pipe (5) are all located in the ecological flow valve chamber, which is located on the downstream side of the hydropower station dam.

7. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the water diversion channel (8) is equipped with a gate (11) and a water supply valve (10).

8. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom elevation of the water diversion channel (8) is set above the installation elevation of the gate (11).

9. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the water diversion channel (8) is greater than the width of the fish-attracting channel (12).

10. The fish-attracting and ecological flow device for high dam hydropower stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stilling pool (15) is provided with an overflow outlet.

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