Double dock chamber type dock decompression drainage system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of dock drainage system, and particularly relates to a double-chamber dock decompression drainage system and a construction method thereof. Two sets of drainage units corresponding to the water-side chamber and the land-side chamber in the double-chamber dock decompression drainage system are connected through a communication pipeline, and an open-close valve on the communication pipeline can adjust the connection state of the two sets of drainage units. When the open-close valve is opened, the underground water in the two sets of drainage units can be concentrated to flow to the water collecting culvert through the communication pipeline, and then discharged to the outside of the dock. When the open-close valve is closed, the underground water in the drainage unit under the water-side chamber flows to the water collecting culvert, and then discharged to the outside of the dock, and the underground water in the drainage unit under the land-side chamber can be pumped to the outside of the dock through a temporary drainage pump, so as to meet the drainage demand of the double-chamber dock running together or independently, and avoid the situation that the underground water backflows and causes the operation of the double-chamber dock to be limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of dock drainage systems, and specifically relates to a dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] A double-dock type dock refers to a dock with an additional lock (intermediate dock gate) in the dock chamber. The lock divides the dock chamber into two small and independent dock chambers (waterside dock chamber and landside dock chamber), which can operate independently to fully utilize the dock's effectiveness.

[0003] Currently, the drainage systems in dock chambers include: trench drainage systems, drainage layer drainage systems, pressure relief well drainage systems, and mixed drainage systems. These drainage systems lack effective isolation and control measures and are only suitable for small and medium-sized docks. They cannot meet the needs of dual-dock chamber docks for segmented use and independent operation. In single-dock operation or dual-dock chamber independent operation, the drainage function of the above drainage systems is limited, and groundwater below the water-side dock chamber can easily backflow into the land-side dock chamber through the drainage system, thus restricting the operation of dual-dock chamber docks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system and its construction method to solve the technical problem that the existing drainage system cannot meet the needs of segmented use and independent operation in the dual-dock chamber structure, resulting in limited operation of the dual-dock chamber type dock.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A dual-dock chamber type dock pressure relief and drainage system, wherein the dock chamber is divided into a water-side dock chamber and a land-side dock chamber by a middle dock gate, the water-side dock chamber is close to the dock gate, and the land-side dock chamber is close to the dock bow, characterized in that: it includes a seepage-proof curtain, a drainage unit and a water collection culvert. There are two drainage units, both of which are located below the main concrete structure of the dock and correspond to the waterside dock chamber and the landside dock chamber respectively. The two drainage units are arranged at an angle from high to low along the dock bow towards the dock opening. The planes on which the two drainage units are located overlap. The two drainage units are connected by a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is equipped with an opening and closing valve for adjusting the connection status of the two drainage units. The water collection culvert is located at the dock entrance. The outlet of the drainage unit under the waterside dock chamber is connected to the water collection culvert. A temporary drainage pump is installed in the drainage unit under the landside dock chamber. The outlet of the temporary drainage pump is connected to the outside of the dock. The seepage-proof curtain is installed around the perimeter of the two drainage units, and an isolation layer is set between the two drainage units to separate them. Groundwater that seeps into the main concrete structure can enter the drainage unit through the water inlet hole and be discharged to the outside of the dock by the concentrated flow to the water collection culvert and / or the suction of the temporary drainage pump.

[0006] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized, and the drainage unit includes a composite drainage layer and a drainage pipe assembly; The composite drainage layer is laid beneath the main concrete structure; The drainage pipe assembly is laid in the composite drainage layer, and the water inlet is set on the drainage pipe assembly; the drainage pipe assemblies in the two drainage units are connected by the connecting pipe.

[0007] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized, and the drainage pipe assembly includes a main pipe and a porous pipe; The main pipe is laid in the composite drainage layer along the dock head towards the dock opening; the main pipes in the two sets of drainage pipe groups are connected through the connecting pipe, and the water outlet of the main pipe in the set of drainage pipe groups close to the dock opening is connected to the water collection culvert. There are multiple porous pipes, which are equally spaced and arranged in the composite drainage layer from the dock head to the dock opening. All the porous pipes are connected to the main pipe, and the holes on the porous pipes are the water inlet holes.

[0008] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure, and the drainage unit further includes a maintenance well; There are multiple inspection wells, which are equally spaced and set in the main concrete structure along the dock head towards the dock opening. The inspection wells extend downwards in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane into the composite drainage layer. The main pipe runs through all the inspection wells. The temporary drainage pump is installed in the maintenance well.

[0009] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure, wherein the maintenance well includes a sand-free concrete foundation, a concrete well cylinder, and a well cover; The no-fines concrete foundation is a ring structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The no-fines concrete foundation is set in the composite drainage layer, and the main pipe runs through the no-fines concrete foundation in all the inspection wells. The concrete well shaft is coaxially set on a no-fines concrete foundation, and the concrete well shaft is located in the main concrete structure; The manhole cover is placed on a concrete manhole cylinder and is equipped with an air release valve that can open and close automatically.

[0010] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized, and the composite drainage layer includes a compacted sand layer, a geotextile, a graded crushed stone layer and an isolation layer. The compacted sand layer, geotextile, graded crushed stone layer and isolation layer are laid in sequence from bottom to top; The drainage pipe assembly is laid in the graded crushed stone layer.

[0011] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure. The outlet end of the drainage unit under the water-side dock chamber is provided with a gooseneck pipe. The height of the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe is greater than the height of the inlet end of the gooseneck pipe, and the plane of the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The drainage end of the gooseneck pipe is provided with a flap to prevent water from flowing back into the drainage unit.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure, and the dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system also includes a water collection tank. The water collection tank is located at the end of the water collection culvert, and a drainage pump is installed inside the water collection tank. The drainage outlet of the drainage pump extends to the outside of the dock.

[0013] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure, and the dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system also includes a valve well; The valve well is located within the main concrete structure and between two drainage units; The on / off valve is installed in the valve well.

[0014] A construction method for constructing the aforementioned dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system includes the following steps: A seepage-proof curtain is poured around the perimeter of the construction site, and an isolation layer is poured in the seepage-proof curtain to separate the two drainage units. The construction site is the foundation pit for building a dock. Two sets of drainage units are set along the long axis of the construction site and connected by a connecting pipe. The opening and closing valve in the connecting pipe is set close to the installation position of the intermediate dock gate, and the height of the drainage unit located in the landside dock chamber corresponding to the construction site is greater than the height of the drainage unit located in the waterside dock chamber corresponding to the construction site. Construction of the main concrete structure of the dock is underway. A water collection culvert was constructed at the dock entrance, and the outlet of the drainage unit under the waterside dock chamber was connected to the water collection culvert.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The two drainage units in this dock-type pressure relief and drainage system, corresponding to the water-side dock and the land-side dock respectively, are connected by a connecting pipe. The on / off valve on the connecting pipe can adjust the connection status of the two drainage units. When the on / off valve is open, the groundwater in the two drainage units can be concentrated and flowed into the collection culvert through the connecting pipe and then discharged to the outside of the dock. When the on / off valve is closed, the groundwater in the drainage unit under the water-side dock flows into the collection culvert and is discharged to the outside of the dock. The groundwater in the drainage unit under the land-side dock can be pumped to the outside of the dock through a temporary drainage pump to meet the drainage needs of the dock's dual docks operating together or independently, and to avoid groundwater backflow that could restrict the operation of the dual dock. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part B in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part C in the middle.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection position of two drainage units in a dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part D in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the maintenance well in a double-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a porous pipe in a dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air release valve in a dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system according to the present invention.

[0026] In the picture: 1. Impermeable curtain; 11. Isolation layer used to separate two drainage units; 2. Drainage unit; 21. Composite drainage layer; 211. Compacted sand layer; 212. Geotextile; 213. Graded crushed stone layer; 214. Isolation layer; 22. Drainage pipe assembly; 221. Main pipe; 222. Porous pipe; 2221. Inlet hole; 23. Inspection well; 231. No-fines concrete foundation; 232. Concrete well shaft; 233. Well cover; 2331. Air release valve; 23311. Sealing ring; 23312. Seamless pipe; 23313. Valve cap; 23314. Single-threaded rod; 23315. Steel plate; 23316. Hexagonal nut; 24. Exhaust pipe; 3. Water collection culvert; 4. Catchment pool; 5. Goose neck tube; 51. Flip-board; 6. Valve well; 7. Main concrete structure; 8. Connecting pipes; 81. On / off valves; 9. Intermediate dock gate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figures 1 to 8 shown, the double-dock-chamber type dock dewatering and drainage system includes an anti-seepage curtain 1, a drainage unit 2, and a water collection culvert 3; where the dock chamber is divided into a water-side dock chamber and a land-side dock chamber by an intermediate dock gate 9. The water-side dock chamber is close to the dock entrance, and the land-side dock chamber is close to the dock head. The dock head and the dock entrance are respectively at both ends of the long axis direction of the dock chamber; There are two sets of drainage units 2. Both sets of drainage units 2 are arranged below the main concrete structure 7 of the dock and respectively correspond to the water-side dock chamber and the land-side dock chamber. The two sets of drainage units 2 are arranged obliquely from high to low along the direction from the dock head to the dock entrance. The planes where the two sets of drainage units 2 are located coincide. The two sets of drainage units 2 are connected by a communication pipeline 8. An opening and closing valve 81 for adjusting the connection state of the two sets of drainage units 2 is arranged in the communication pipeline 8. See Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 ; The water collection culvert 3 is arranged below the main concrete structure 7 and is arranged close to the dock entrance. The water outlet end of the drainage unit 2 under the water-side dock chamber is connected to the water collection culvert 3. A temporary drainage pump (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the drainage unit 2 under the land-side dock chamber. The water outlet end of the temporary drainage pump is connected to the outside of the dock. That is, the water outlet end of the drainage unit 2 under the water-side dock chamber is connected to the water collection culvert 3, and a temporary drainage pump is arranged in the drainage unit 2 under the land-side dock chamber; The anti-seepage curtain 1 surrounds the circumferences of the two sets of drainage units 2. An isolation layer 11 for separating the two sets of drainage units 2 is arranged between the anti-seepage curtains 1. The anti-seepage curtain 1 and the isolation layer 11 form a waterproof layer with a cross-sectional shape of "day" character, which is used to reduce the amount of groundwater infiltrating into the drainage unit 2 and control the flow rate of the groundwater infiltrating into the drainage unit 2 within 500 m³ / h.

[0031] When the double dock chambers (water-side dock chamber and land-side dock chamber) of the dock are connected and operating (the intermediate dock gate 9 is not installed), the staff can open the opening and closing valve 81. The two sets of drainage units 2 are connected. The groundwater infiltrating below the main concrete structure 7 can enter the drainage unit 2 through the water inlet holes 2221 of the drainage unit 2. Under the action of gravity, it flows centrally to the water collection culvert 3 and then is discharged to the outside of the dock; When the two dock chambers of the dock are operating independently (with an intermediate dock gate 9), that is, one of the two dock chambers is operating, or the two dock chambers are operating simultaneously and independently, the staff can close the opening and closing valve 81. At this time, the two drainage units 2 are disconnected, and the drainage unit 2 under the water-side dock chamber can continue to rely on gravity to allow the groundwater in the drainage unit 2 to flow directly to the water collection culvert 3 and then be discharged to the outside of the dock. The temporary drainage pump can pump the groundwater in the drainage unit 2 under the landside dock chamber to the outside of the dock. The two drainage units 2 do not interfere with each other and can meet the drainage needs of the dock's two dock chambers operating independently. Moreover, when only the landside dock chamber is operating independently, the water in the drainage unit 2 under the waterside dock chamber will not flow back into the drainage unit 2 under the landside dock chamber, thus preventing the operation of the dual-dock chamber dock from being restricted, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the dual-dock chamber dock.

[0032] The operation of the aforementioned dock (either the two dock chambers are connected and in operation or the two dock chambers operate independently) refers to the process of pumping out the water from the dock chambers to facilitate the construction or repair of ship hulls by workers in the dock chambers. Dual-dock independent operation refers to two docks being isolated by a central dock gate 9, with one dock operating or both docks operating simultaneously and independently. In this case, the groundwater seepage under the water-side dock is greater than that under the land-side dock. If the two drainage units 2 are not disconnected, the groundwater under the water-side dock can easily enter the drainage unit 2 under the land-side dock through the connecting pipe 8, causing groundwater backflow and affecting the drainage effect of the drainage system.

[0033] It should be noted that the aforementioned seepage-proof curtain 1 and isolation layer 11 are both continuous underground water-blocking structures made of reinforced concrete, with a thickness ≥500mm, a seepage resistance grade ≥P8, and a depth extending to 2m below the impermeable layer.

[0034] In some embodiments, the drainage unit 2 described above includes a composite drainage layer 21 and a drainage pipe assembly 22, see [link to documentation]. Figure 5 and Figure 7 ;in, The composite drainage layer 21 is laid under the main concrete structure 7; Drainage pipe assembly 22 is laid in composite drainage layer 21. The aforementioned water inlet 2221 is set on drainage pipe assembly 22. Drainage pipe assembly 22 in two drainage units 2 are connected by connecting pipe 8. Groundwater that seeps into composite drainage layer 21 can enter drainage pipe assembly 22 through water inlet 2221 and flow to water collection culvert 3 and then be discharged to the outside of the dock, or be pumped to the outside of the dock by temporary drainage pump.

[0035] Preferably, the drainage unit 2 is designed with a slope of 1:300, and the height of the end near the dock opening is lower than the height of the end away from the dock opening, so as to facilitate the directional discharge of groundwater.

[0036] In some embodiments, the drainage pipe assembly 22 described above includes a main pipe 221 and a perforated pipe 222, see [link to previous document]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 ;in, The main pipe 221 is laid in the composite drainage layer 21 along the dock head towards the dock opening. That is, the length direction of the main pipe 221 is parallel to the long axis direction of the dock. The main pipes 221 in the two sets of drainage pipe groups 22 are connected by the connecting pipe 8, and the water outlet end of the main pipe 221 in the set of drainage pipe groups 22 close to the dock opening is connected to the water collection culvert 3. There are multiple porous pipes 222, which are equally spaced and arranged in the composite drainage layer 21 along the direction from the dockhead to the dock opening. All porous pipes 222 are connected to the main pipe 221, and the holes on the porous pipes 222 are water inlets 2221. Figure 8 As shown, groundwater can enter the porous pipe 222 through the inlet hole 2221, and then converge into the main pipe 221 through the porous pipe 222, before flowing into the water collection culvert 3 and being discharged to the outside of the dock through the water collection culvert 3. In this embodiment, the diameter of the inlet hole 2221 is 5mm, and there are multiple inlet holes 2221. Six inlet holes 2221 are arranged circumferentially around the porous pipe 222 at equal intervals to form an inlet hole group. The distance between two adjacent inlet hole groups is 100mm to ensure the uniformity of groundwater and drainage efficiency.

[0037] Preferably, there are two main body tubes 221, which are arranged along the minor axis of the dock. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 The aforementioned multiple perforated pipes 222 are evenly spaced along the bow towards the dock entrance, with a spacing of 10m between adjacent perforated pipes 222. The length direction of the perforated pipes 222 is parallel to the minor axis of the dock, forming a grid-like arrangement with the main pipe 221. The grid-like drainage pipe group 22 is used to collect groundwater, thereby improving the efficiency of groundwater discharge. In this embodiment, both the main pipe 221 and the perforated pipes 222 are made of GRE10 fiberglass. The GRE10 fiberglass main pipe 221 and the perforated pipes 222 possess excellent pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, and structural stability, ensuring the long-term and stable operation of the dual-dock chamber type dock depressurization and drainage system.

[0038] The aforementioned GRE10 fiberglass refers to pipes or structural materials made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin, with a wall thickness of 15mm, a pressure rating of ≥1.6MPa, and a corrosion resistance life of ≥50 years, which can effectively improve the service life of this dual-dock type dock decompression and drainage system.

[0039] In some embodiments, the drainage unit 2 described above further includes a maintenance well 23 for facilitating maintenance of the dual-dock type dock decompression and drainage system. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1 ;in, There are multiple inspection wells 23. Multiple inspection wells 23 are set in the main concrete structure 7 at equal intervals along the direction from the dock head to the dock opening. The inspection wells 23 extend downward in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane to the composite drainage layer 21. The main pipe 221 runs through all the inspection wells 23. The temporary drainage pump is installed in the inspection well 23. Specifically, the temporary drainage pump is installed in the inspection well 23 on the side of the drainage unit 2 near the dock entrance, so as to pump the groundwater that gathers in the inspection well 23 to the outside of the dock. Workers can enter the inspection well 23 to maintain (dredge and ensure functionality) the double-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system, ensuring its normal operation.

[0040] It should be noted that the aforementioned "through" refers to both penetration and connection. All inspection wells 23 are connected through the main pipe 221, meaning that the main pipe 221 penetrates all inspection wells 23, and the inspection wells 23 are connected to the main pipe 221. In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent inspection wells 23 is 50m, and the perforated pipe 222 corresponding to the location of the inspection well 23 is also connected to the inspection well 23. Groundwater converges into the main pipe 221 through the inspection wells 23. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 .

[0041] In some embodiments, the aforementioned inspection well 23 includes a sand-free concrete foundation 231, a concrete well cylinder 232, and a well cover 233, see [link to documentation]. Figure 7 ;in, The no-fines concrete foundation 231 is a ring structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The no-fines concrete foundation 231 is set in the composite drainage layer 21. The main pipe 221 runs through the no-fines concrete foundation 231 in all the inspection wells 23 and is used to collect groundwater that seeps into the composite drainage layer 21. In this embodiment, the no-fines concrete foundation 231 is made of no-fines concrete, which is also called permeable cement concrete. It refers to concrete with a porosity of 15 to 25%. The no-fines concrete foundation 231 constructed with it has a reverse filtration function, that is, it uses pores to prevent silt from entering the drainage pipe group 22 and avoids the situation where silt accumulates in the drainage pipe group 22 and cannot drain normally. The concrete shaft 232 is coaxially set on the sand-free concrete foundation 231. The concrete shaft 232 is located in the main concrete structure 7, and U-shaped stainless steel round bars are pre-embedded inside as steps to facilitate daily maintenance and underground operations. The manhole cover 233 is installed on the concrete manhole cylinder 232. The manhole cover 233 is equipped with an air release valve 2331 that can open and close automatically. The air release valve 2331 can automatically open / close according to the air pressure changes inside and outside the drainage unit 2, effectively balancing the air pressure inside the maintenance manhole 23 with the atmospheric pressure, and preventing negative pressure from affecting the drainage effect.

[0042] It is worth noting that the aforementioned air release valve 2331 includes a seat ring 23311, a seamless tube 23312, a valve cap 23313, a strip handle (not shown in the figure), a single-threaded rod 23314, a steel plate 23315, and a hexagonal nut 23316, as shown. Figure 9 As shown; where, The seat ring 23311 and the seamless tube 23312 are coaxially connected into one structure, and the seat ring 23311 and the seamless tube 23312 are pre-embedded in the manhole cover 233; A strip handle is mounted on the valve cap 23313, and a single-threaded rod 23314 is mounted on the side of the valve cap 23313 away from the strip handle. The outer wall of the valve cap 23313 is in complete contact with the inner wall of the seat ring 23311. The single-threaded rod 23314 extends to the other end of the seamless tube 23312. A steel plate 23315 is mounted on the end of the single-threaded rod 23314 away from the valve cap 23313 via a hexagonal nut 23316. The steel plate 23315 has a circular plate structure, and the diameter of the steel plate 23315 is larger than the diameter of the seamless tube 23312. The valve cap 23313 and its lower structure (steel plate 23315) are attached to the seat ring 23311 under their own weight; If the internal air or water pressure of the inspection well 23 is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, the valve cap 23313 will be lifted to release pressure. The steel plate 23315 and the seamless pipe 23312 limit the structure to prevent the valve cap 23313 from separating from the seat ring 23311. After depressurization, the valve cap 23313 falls back onto the seat ring 23311 to seal it, so as to balance the air pressure in the inspection well 23 with the atmospheric pressure and prevent negative pressure from affecting the drainage effect.

[0043] Preferably, the drainage unit 2 further includes an exhaust pipe 24, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 4 ;in, One end of the exhaust pipe 24 is connected to the maintenance well 23 of the drainage unit 2 away from the dock entrance, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 24 is connected to the top of the dock (the top of the main concrete structure 7) to communicate with the atmosphere, ensuring smooth water flow and stable pressure in the pressure-reducing drainage system.

[0044] In some embodiments, the composite drainage layer 21 described above includes a compacted sand layer 211, a geotextile 212, a graded crushed stone layer 213, and an isolation layer 214. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 ;in, Compacted sand layer 211 uses clean coarse sand with a particle size of 1–4 mm, which does not contain fine material and must not be carbonate rock. The nominal thickness of compacted sand layer 211 is 100 mm, and it mainly serves to guide drainage and level the foundation. Geotextile 212 should have a unit area mass greater than 900 g / m² and a permeability greater than 23 × 10⁻⁶. -3 The high-strength impermeable geotextile 212 with a strength of m / s has excellent reverse filtration performance and effectively blocks the upward infiltration of fine particles from the lower part. The graded crushed stone layer 213 uses continuously graded crushed stone with a particle size range of 10mm–40mm, without fine material. The thickness of the graded crushed stone layer 213 is 400mm, which is used to wrap the porous pipe 222. Local thickening treatment is carried out in some areas to meet the needs of high water pressure areas or concentrated drainage areas. The isolation layer 214 consists of two 500μm thick polyethylene membranes. As an anti-seepage isolation layer 214, it is located between the drainage layer and the upper concrete structure. It effectively blocks fine particles such as mortar from seeping into the drainage layer, prevents blockage of the porous pipes 222, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the drainage system. The compacted sand layer 211, geotextile 212, graded crushed stone layer 213 and isolation layer 214 are laid in sequence from bottom to top, and concrete is poured on the isolation layer 214 to form the main concrete structure 7.

[0045] In some embodiments, the outlet end of the drainage unit 2 under the water-side dock chamber is provided with a gooseneck pipe 5, see [reference]. Figure 3 The height of the drain end of the gooseneck pipe 5 is greater than the height of the inlet end of the gooseneck pipe 5, so that the water in the main pipe 221 can be discharged into the water collection culvert 3 through the gooseneck pipe 5, while the water in the water collection culvert 3 cannot flow back into the main pipe 221 through the drain end of the gooseneck pipe 5, so as to avoid backflow.

[0046] Preferably, the plane where the drain end of the gooseneck pipe 5 is located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The drain end of the gooseneck pipe 5 is provided with a flap 51 to prevent water from flowing back into the drainage unit 2. When draining, the water can impact the flap 51, causing the drain end of the gooseneck pipe 5 to open, and the water inside the main pipe 221 can be smoothly discharged into the water collection culvert 3. When there is no water draining out of the main pipe 221, the flap 51 will automatically close under the action of gravity, so that the water in the water collection culvert 3 cannot flow back into the main pipe 221 through the drain end of the gooseneck pipe 5, thus further preventing backflow.

[0047] It should be noted that the gooseneck pipe 5 mentioned above is an "S"-shaped bend, which resembles a goose's neck, hence the name gooseneck pipe. The main function of the gooseneck pipe 5 structure is to maintain a constant water level in the double-dock type dock decompression and drainage system, which is similar to the function of the "U"-shaped pipe in the existing drainage system, and can reduce the accumulation of gas in the main pipe 221. A flap 51 is hinged to the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe 5. Specifically, the flap 51 is hinged to the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe 5 through a hinge member located on the upper side wall of the gooseneck pipe 5. The area covered by the flap 51 is larger than the area of ​​the opening at the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe 5, so as to close the opening at the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe 5. Under special working conditions such as dock water injection, the flap 51 can automatically close under the action of gravity to prevent water and debris in the water collection culvert 3 from flowing back into the drainage unit 2, thus ensuring the cleanliness and normal function of the double dock chamber type dock pressure relief drainage system.

[0048] In some embodiments, the dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system further includes a water collection tank 4, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 ; The water collection tank 4 is located at the end of the water collection culvert 3. A drainage pump is installed in the water collection tank 4, and the drainage outlet of the drainage pump extends to the outside of the dock. Both the water collection pool 4 and the aforementioned water collection culvert 3 are large-volume concrete dock structures. The elevations of the water collection culvert 3 and the water collection pool 4 are relatively low. Under the action of its own weight, the groundwater collects in the water collection culvert 3 and flows to the water collection pool 4. The drainage pump in the water collection pool 4 pumps the collected groundwater from the water collection pool 4 into the sea.

[0049] Preferably, there are two drainage pumps, each with a power of 2500 m³ / h. Their function is to drain the collected water in the pressure-reducing drainage layer and to supplement the main pump in the pump house.

[0050] In some embodiments, the dual-dock chamber type dock decompression and drainage system further includes a valve well 6, participating in... Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 ;in, Valve well 6 is located in the main concrete structure 7 and is situated between two drainage units 2; The on / off valve 81 is installed in the valve well 6, and the on / off valve 81 is used for opening, closing and maintenance.

[0051] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a construction method for constructing the above-mentioned dual-dock type dock decompression and drainage system, which includes the following steps: After creating a dry construction environment at the construction site by using drainage methods such as dewatering wells, a seepage-proof curtain 1 is poured along the circumference of the construction site, and an isolation layer 11 is poured into the seepage-proof curtain 1. Specifically, hydraulic grabs and other machinery are used to form a foundation pit (construction site) at the dock construction location, and bentonite slurry is used to support the foundation pit wall at the construction site to prevent the foundation pit wall from collapsing; after the foundation pit is formed, reinforced concrete is poured in sections using the tremie method or pumping method to form a complete and continuous anti-seepage curtain 1 to ensure the integrity of the structure and its anti-seepage performance; the construction site is the foundation pit for building the dock.

[0052] After the anti-seepage curtain 1 is poured, two sets of drainage units 2 are set along the long axis of the construction site. Specifically, the composite drainage layer 21 is laid first; wherein the composite drainage layer 21 is laid in the following manner: After the dock foundation is excavated to the design elevation and passes the foundation bearing capacity test, a bulldozer is used to level the foundation surface, and then a single steel wheel roller with a capacity of 18 tons or more is used for static compaction. The number of compaction passes is controlled according to the results of the on-site compaction test until the design density requirements are met. Lay and compact the sand layer 211, using clean crushed stone with a particle size of 1–4 mm, which is transported to the site by dump truck, and is laid by backhoe excavator, with manual leveling and compaction. Geotextile 212 is laid manually with the help of a crane for spreading. The overlaps are fixed with a hand-held geotextile 212 sewing machine to ensure continuous and effective reverse filtration function. The graded crushed stone layer is laid in 213 layers, each layer is 150mm thick, and is compacted using a single / double steel wheel vibratory roller with a capacity of 10 tons or more. The rolling operation should be carried out without damaging the crushed stone aggregate. The same area should be rolled no less than 4 times, and the compaction speed should be controlled at ≤2.4km / h. The overlap width of adjacent areas should be no less than 500mm to ensure uniform compaction. An isolation layer 214 is laid. The isolation layer 214 is composed of two layers of polyethylene film. The isolation layer 214 is laid precisely by hand and serves as an anti-seepage isolation layer 214 to prevent the concrete slurry from entering the drainage structure.

[0053] During the laying of the composite drainage layer 21, the φ100 perforated pipe 222 is installed simultaneously. The perforated pipe 222 is arranged inside the graded crushed stone layer 213 and compacted by hand-held vibratory tampers within a 1-meter range. The compaction is carried out no less than 6 times to avoid damage to the perforated pipe 222 during compaction. At the same time, the φ600 main pipe 221 and the base structure of the inspection well 23 are pre-embedded to ensure the accuracy of subsequent system docking.

[0054] Subsequently, the main concrete structure 7 is constructed, and the concrete shaft 232 of the inspection well 23, the valve well 6, and the on / off valve 81 are installed simultaneously during the construction process. The manhole cover 233 of the inspection well 23 is an automatic air release type manhole cover 233 to ensure automatic air pressure balance function; At the dock head and the position of the middle dock gate 9, install the exhaust pipe 24 and ensure that it penetrates through to the atmosphere at the dock top; Embed the gooseneck pipe 5 at the dock entrance, and set a flap 51 at the drainage end of the gooseneck pipe 5; Construct the water collection culvert 3 and the water collection pool 4 at the dock entrance position, and finally form a water collection channel.

[0055] Finally, install the temporary drainage pump and the supporting pipelines and power supply; Complete the construction of the decompression drainage system for this double-dock chamber type shipyard.

[0056] Before the decompression drainage system for this double-dock chamber type shipyard is officially put into operation, temporary drainage pumps can be arranged in the inspection well 23 for temporary drainage during the construction stage.

[0057] When the two dock chambers of the shipyard are connected and in operation, the groundwater in the decompression drainage system of this double-dock chamber type shipyard is collected through the porous pipe 222 and the main pipe 221, and successively flows through the gooseneck pipe 5 and is discharged into the water collection culvert 3 and then flows into the water collection pool 4, and finally is discharged into the sea by the drainage pump.

[0058] When the two dock chambers of the shipyard operate independently (set the middle dock gate 9), refer to Figure 5 , install the "in" - shaped middle dock gate 9. At the same time, close the opening and closing valve 81 in the valve well 6 to achieve the water flow cut-off of the two sets of drainage units 2; Install one 175m³ / h temporary drainage pump in each of the two inspection wells 23 on the land side of the middle dock gate 9 for discharging the groundwater in this area; on the sea-facing side of the middle dock gate 9, it still flows through the gooseneck pipe 5 and is discharged into the water collection culvert 3 and then flows into the water collection pool 4, and finally is discharged into the sea by the drainage pump.

[0059] Through the above configuration and control measures, independent drainage control can be achieved on both sides of the middle dock gate 9. The decompression drainage system of this double-dock chamber type shipyard can be flexibly switched during operation and the operation of ships entering and leaving the dock, effectively improving the adaptability and operation efficiency of large ship repair docks.

[0060] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A dual-dock type dock pressure relief and drainage system, wherein the dock chamber is divided into a water-side dock chamber and a land-side dock chamber by an intermediate dock gate (9), the water-side dock chamber being close to the dock entrance and the land-side dock chamber being close to the dock bow, characterized in that: It includes a seepage-proof curtain (1), a drainage unit (2), and a water collection culvert (3); There are two sets of drainage units (2). Both sets of drainage units (2) are located below the main concrete structure (7) of the dock and correspond to the waterside dock chamber and the landside dock chamber respectively. The two sets of drainage units (2) are arranged from high to low along the dock bow towards the dock opening. The planes of the two sets of drainage units (2) coincide. The two sets of drainage units (2) are connected by a connecting pipe (8). The connecting pipe (8) is equipped with an opening and closing valve (81) for adjusting the connection status of the two sets of drainage units (2). The water collection culvert (3) is set at the dock entrance. The outlet of the drainage unit (2) under the waterside dock chamber is connected to the water collection culvert (3). A temporary drainage pump is installed in the drainage unit (2) under the landside dock chamber. The outlet of the temporary drainage pump is connected to the outside of the dock. The seepage-proof curtain (1) is set around the two drainage units (2), and an isolation layer (11) is set between the seepage-proof curtain (1) to separate the two drainage units; the groundwater that seeps into the main concrete structure (7) can enter the drainage unit (2) through the water inlet (2221) of the drainage unit (2), and be discharged to the outside of the dock by the concentrated flow to the water collection culvert (3) and / or the suction of the temporary drainage pump.

2. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage unit (2) includes a composite drainage layer (21) and a drainage pipe assembly (22). The composite drainage layer (21) is laid under the main concrete structure (7); The drainage pipe assembly (22) is laid in the composite drainage layer (21), and the water inlet (2221) is set on the drainage pipe assembly (22); the drainage pipe assemblies (22) in the two drainage units (2) are connected through the connecting pipe (8).

3. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage pipe assembly (22) includes a main pipe (221) and a perforated pipe (222). The main pipe (221) is laid in the composite drainage layer (21) along the dock head towards the dock opening; the main pipe (221) in the two sets of drainage pipe groups (22) are connected through the connecting pipe (8), and the outlet end of the main pipe (221) in the set of drainage pipe groups (22) close to the dock opening is connected to the water collection culvert (3). There are multiple porous pipes (222). Multiple porous pipes (222) are arranged at equal intervals along the direction from the dock head to the dock opening in the composite drainage layer (21). All porous pipes (222) are connected to the main pipe (221). The holes on the porous pipes (222) are the water inlet holes (2221).

4. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage unit (2) also includes a maintenance well (23); There are multiple inspection wells (23). Multiple inspection wells (23) are set in the main concrete structure (7) at equal intervals along the direction from the dock head to the dock opening. The inspection wells (23) extend downward in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane to the composite drainage layer (21). The main pipe (221) runs through all the inspection wells (23). The temporary drainage pump is installed in the maintenance well (23).

5. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maintenance well (23) includes a sand-free concrete foundation (231), a concrete well cylinder (232), and a well cover (233). The sandless concrete foundation (231) is a ring structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The sandless concrete foundation (231) is set in the composite drainage layer (21). The main pipe (221) runs through the sandless concrete foundation (231) in all the inspection wells (23). The concrete well shaft (232) is coaxially mounted on the no-fines concrete foundation (231), and the concrete well shaft (232) is located in the main concrete structure (7); The manhole cover (233) is placed on the concrete manhole (232), and the manhole cover (233) is equipped with an air release valve (2331) that can open and close automatically.

6. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite drainage layer (21) includes a compacted sand layer (211), a geotextile (212), a graded crushed stone layer (213), and an isolation layer (214). The compacted sand layer (211), geotextile (212), graded crushed stone layer (213) and isolation layer (214) are laid from bottom to top; The drainage pipe assembly (22) is laid in the graded crushed stone layer (213).

7. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the drainage unit (2) under the water-side dock is provided with a gooseneck pipe (5). The height of the outlet end of the gooseneck pipe (5) is greater than the height of the inlet end of the gooseneck pipe (5), and the plane of the outlet end of the gooseneck pipe (5) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The outlet end of the gooseneck pipe (5) is provided with a flap (51) to prevent water from flowing back into the drainage unit (2).

8. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water collection tank (4); The water collection pool (4) is located at the end of the water collection culvert (3), and a drainage pump is installed in the water collection pool (4). The drainage outlet of the drainage pump extends to the outside of the dock.

9. The dual-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes valve wells (6); The valve well (6) is located in the main concrete structure (7) and between the two drainage units (2); The on / off valve (81) is located in the valve well (6).

10. A construction method for constructing a double-dock chamber type dry dock decompression and drainage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: A seepage-proof curtain (1) is poured along the circumference of the construction site, and an isolation layer (11) for separating the two drainage units is poured in the seepage-proof curtain (1). The construction site is the foundation pit for building a dock. Two sets of drainage units (2) are set along the long axis of the construction site, and the two sets of drainage units (2) are connected by a connecting pipe (8). The opening and closing valve (81) in the connecting pipe (8) is set close to the installation position of the intermediate dock gate (9), and the height of the drainage unit (2) located in the landside dock chamber corresponding to the construction site is greater than the height of the drainage unit (2) located in the waterside dock chamber corresponding to the construction site. Construction of the main concrete structure (7) of the dock was carried out; A water collection culvert (3) is constructed at the dock entrance, and the outlet of the drainage unit (2) under the waterside dock chamber is connected to the water collection culvert (3).

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