Deep formation multi-scale in-situ information while-drilling automatic measuring device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of deep formation multiscale in-situ information while drilling automatic measuring devices, and also discloses a kind of deep formation multiscale in-situ information while drilling automatic measuring method, the application simultaneously sets up high-frequency acoustic wave component, medium-frequency acoustic wave component and low-frequency acoustic wave component, through the collaborative work of high-frequency, medium-frequency, low-frequency acoustic wave component, in cooperation with the cooperation of ground sensor module and drill rod measuring nipple, the multiscale in-situ information acquisition of deep formation small-scale core internal structure, medium-scale borehole surrounding formation characteristics and large-scale regional geological structure is realized;The method of the application adopts RGB color coding mode, and maps multiple parameters such as structure field, stress field and intensity field into intuitive color information, realizes the visual expression of complex geological parameters, and facilitates the quick identification of key information such as the integrity of characteristic formation and stress state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological engineering and deep resource exploration technology, specifically relating to an automatic in-situ information measurement device for deep strata at multiple scales while drilling, and also to an automatic in-situ information measurement method for deep strata at multiple scales while drilling. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening development and utilization of deep underground resources in my country, the scale of deep underground engineering construction is expanding daily, creating an urgent need for accurate acquisition of multi-scale in-situ information on deep strata. During deep drilling, comprehensively and accurately understanding the rock mass structure at the borehole wall scale, borehole perimeter scale, and borehole-to-surface scale, while simultaneously acquiring in-situ core data on internal structure, external morphology, and stress distribution, is crucial for ensuring project safety, improving construction efficiency, and optimizing engineering design. However, existing measurement techniques have many limitations. Firstly, existing in-situ testing methods, such as borehole acoustic wave analysis, borehole water pressure testing, borehole elastic modulus measurement, and cross-hole CT, primarily rely on indirect methods to understand the physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil. These methods suffer from long testing cycles, high costs, and delayed results, making it difficult to achieve real-time in-situ testing of rock mass structure and mechanical parameters. Furthermore, these methods typically only acquire single or a few parameters, failing to meet the need for comprehensive acquisition of multi-scale and multi-type information from deep strata. For example, when measuring the mechanical properties of the rock mass surrounding the borehole, it is impossible to simultaneously detect the structural characteristics of the rock mass, leading to insufficient comprehensive understanding of the formation. On the other hand, existing measurement-while-drilling (MWD) devices and methods have deficiencies in functional integration and measurement accuracy. Some measurement devices can only test one physical property parameter at a time, significantly increasing fieldwork time and the risk of probe damage. Furthermore, some probes require real-time cable connection and must be pushed into the borehole by their own weight; in horizontal holes, this can only be achieved manually using a push rod, severely limiting measurement depth and failing to meet the measurement requirements of deep formations. In addition, existing technologies lack effective means for the simultaneous acquisition of internal structural information, external morphological information, and stress distribution information from borehole cores, making it difficult to achieve comprehensive and automated acquisition of key in-situ information from deep formations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by providing an automatic in-situ measurement device for multi-scale deep strata information while drilling, and also to provide an automatic in-situ measurement method for multi-scale deep strata information while drilling. It is particularly suitable for scenarios such as exploration of deep mineral resources (such as oil and gas, metal mines, coal, etc.), early warning of geological disasters (such as fault activity, rock bursts, etc.), stability assessment of underground engineering (such as tunnels, shafts), and research on deep geological structures. It aims to achieve real-time acquisition, analysis, and visualization of multi-scale in-situ information of deep strata from microscopic to macroscopic perspectives.

[0004] The above-mentioned objectives of the present invention are achieved by the following technical means:

[0005] A method for automated in-situ measurement of multi-scale information in deep formations while drilling includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Determine the perception threshold range of the feature region. If it is determined that the feature region is in the feature region, proceed to Step 2.

[0007] Step 2: When in the characteristic area, retract the inner drill bit to the fidelity zone and start extracting the rock core. By monitoring the torque data of the torque sensor of the inner drill bit, when it increases to the set threshold, the in-situ processing of the rock core is completed, and proceed to step 3.

[0008] Step 3: Measurement start-up feedback. The low-frequency acoustic wave component is activated to emit a low-frequency test signal. After the low-frequency test signal is sensed by the ground sensor module and the ground control system, the drilling rig stops working and proceeds to step 4.

[0009] Step 4: Sequentially activate the medium-frequency acoustic wave component, high-frequency acoustic wave component, thrust module, and low-frequency acoustic wave component to perform small-scale in-situ information acquisition, medium-scale borehole in-situ information acquisition, core compressive strength acquisition, and large-scale in-situ information acquisition, respectively.

[0010] Step 5: After the multi-scale in-situ information acquisition of the strata at the current borehole depth is completed, return to Step 1 until all borehole depths are measured, and proceed to Step 6.

[0011] Step 6: Perform structural parameter inversion and stress field parameter inversion on the large-scale, mesoscale, and small-scale in-situ information respectively to obtain the corresponding structural field and stress field. Construct the intensity field corresponding to the large-scale and small-scale in-situ information based on the torsional data, and construct the intensity field corresponding to the mesoscale in-situ information based on the core compressive strength data. Take the structural field, stress field, and intensity field corresponding to the large-scale, mesoscale, and small-scale in-situ information as the three-dimensional directions of the cube, and color encode the three-dimensional directions of the cube with the three primary colors of RGB respectively to obtain the three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color encoding corresponding to the large-scale, mesoscale, and small-scale in-situ information.

[0012] Step 7: Repeat step 6 to obtain three-dimensional in-situ information descriptions at various scales for different core depths.

[0013] The stereo in-situ information description based on RGB color encoding, as described above, is constructed in the following way:

[0014] First, the structural field, stress field, and intensity field are considered as the three-dimensional directions of the cube;

[0015] Secondly, obtain the maximum value DJMAX and minimum value DJMIN of the structural field, the maximum value DYMAX and minimum value DYMIN of the stress field, and the maximum value DQMAX and minimum value DQMIN of the strength field.

[0016] Finally, DJMAX, DYMAX, and DQMAX are assigned to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, and DJMIN, DYMIN, and DQMIN are assigned to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, respectively. The remaining intermediate values ​​are mapped proportionally to obtain a three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color encoding.

[0017] As described above, the perception threshold range of the feature region in step 1 is set in the following way:

[0018] First, the torque data of the current formation is sampled by the torque sensor. The control acquisition module performs real-time analysis on the sampled torque data sequence. Specifically, the sampled torque data sequence is grouped into sub-data sets of M torque data, resulting in sub-data sets M1~Mp. The mean deviation N1~Np of each sub-data set is calculated sequentially.

[0019] Secondly, strata with a mean deviation Ni+1 less than k times Ni are selected. The strata containing sub-data Mi+1 and Mi are used as reference strata. Support vector machines are used to train sub-data Mi and Mi+1 to obtain a prediction interval. Subsequent sub-data are then input into the trained support vector machine. If the predicted value of the subsequent sub-data exceeds the prediction interval, it satisfies the perception threshold interval of the feature region, and the corresponding stratum is in the feature region. If the predicted value of the subsequent sub-data does not exceed the prediction interval, it does not satisfy the perception threshold interval of the feature region, and the corresponding stratum is not in the feature region. Here, i is the index, and i takes values ​​from 1 to p.

[0020] If no reference formation is found for the current k value, the k value is changed, and the search continues from M1 until a reference formation is found.

[0021] As described above, step 2 also includes the following steps:

[0022] While retracting the internal drill bit into the fidelity zone, the geometric features of the borehole at the location of the high-frequency acoustic wave component are acquired. Using the geostress field inversion method based on the borehole's geometric features, the stress field parameters of the strata at the depth of the high-frequency acoustic wave component are inverted. The acquisition module is then controlled to calculate the stress magnitude at the current core depth. The acquisition module then drives the internal and external plugs to expand to their maximum size, achieving sealing inside and outside the measurement area. Subsequently, a pressurized water pump generates water pressure consistent with the stress of the strata at the depth of the high-frequency acoustic wave component, ensuring that the processed core is in the same stress state as before processing.

[0023] As described above, step 4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 4.1: Scan the area around the borehole with mid-frequency acoustic signals and collect the full-waveform acoustic signals reflected from the area around the borehole to obtain mesoscale in-situ information.

[0025] Step 4.2: Scan the surface and interior of the borehole core with high-frequency acoustic signals, and collect the full waveform acoustic signals reflected and transmitted from the surface and interior of the borehole core to obtain small-scale in-situ information.

[0026] Step 4.3: Continuously squeeze the upper surface of the rock core by the thrust module and record the thrust value collected by the thrust module in real time. If the thrust module suddenly drops significantly after a period of time, convert the instantaneous value of the thrust value of the thrust module that suddenly drops significantly into the compressive strength value of the rock core.

[0027] Step 4.4: When the thrust value suddenly drops significantly, the thrust module stops extending. Then, the low-frequency acoustic component is activated to emit a low-frequency acoustic signal. When the ground sensor module and the ground control system detect the low-frequency acoustic signal, they issue an alarm. At the same time, the ground sensor module collects the low-frequency acoustic signal to obtain large-scale in-situ information. After the ground control system issues an alarm, the drilling rig starts the drilling process and proceeds to step 5.

[0028] A deep formation multi-scale in-situ information drilling automatic measurement device implements the deep formation multi-scale in-situ information drilling automatic measurement method as described above. It includes a drill pipe measurement section. The drill pipe measurement section includes a drilling zone, a measurement zone, a fidelity zone, and a control zone from bottom to top. The drilling zone includes an outer drill bit in the shape of a ring on the outer periphery and an inner drill bit in the inner side. The inner drill bit is cylindrical or concave cylindrical. A torque sensor is set inside the inner drill bit. The inner drill bit also has a drill bit slurry passage hole.

[0029] The measurement area is located above the drilling area. A core receiving cavity is opened in the center of the measurement area. A high-frequency acoustic module, a medium-frequency acoustic module, and a low-frequency acoustic module are installed in the interlayer between the sidewall of the measurement area and the sidewall of the core receiving cavity. The high-frequency acoustic module includes multiple self-generating and self-receiving high-frequency acoustic components evenly distributed along the circumference. The medium-frequency acoustic module includes multiple self-generating and self-receiving medium-frequency acoustic components evenly distributed along the circumference. The low-frequency acoustic module includes multiple low-frequency acoustic components evenly distributed along the circumference. High-frequency acoustic components are installed on the outer sidewall of the core receiving cavity and the inner sidewall of the measurement area. The medium-frequency acoustic components and the low-frequency acoustic components are fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the measurement area.

[0030] The fidelity zone is located above the measurement zone, and an internal drill bit storage cavity is provided within the fidelity zone.

[0031] As described above, the control zone is located above the fidelity zone. The control zone includes a drill pipe grout passage hole, a thrust module, a pressurized water pump, an inner plug, an outer plug, and a connecting assembly. The bottom of the drill pipe grout passage hole is connected to the measurement zone, and the top of the drill pipe grout passage hole is connected to a mud injection device installed on the ground. The thrust module is connected to the inner drill bit, and the thrust module drives the inner drill bit to move up and down. The output pipe of the pressurized water pump is connected to the drill pipe grout passage hole, and the pressurized water pump provides pressurized water to the measurement zone to simulate the confining pressure before core formation. The inner plug is located inside the control zone and seals the drill pipe grout passage hole by expansion. The outer plug is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drill pipe measurement section, and seals the gap between the drill pipe measurement section and the borehole wall by expansion. The connecting assembly is located at the top of the drill pipe measurement section, and the drill pipe measurement section is connected to the bottom of the drill pipe through the connecting assembly at the top.

[0032] As described above, the control area also includes a control acquisition module and a power supply module. The control acquisition module is connected to the thrust module, pressurized water pump, inner plug, and outer plug in the control area. The control acquisition module is also connected to the high-frequency acoustic component, medium-frequency acoustic component, and low-frequency acoustic component in the measurement area. The control acquisition module is also connected to the outer drill bit, inner drill bit, and torque sensor in the drilling area. The control acquisition module controls and drives the thrust module, pressurized water pump, inner plug, outer plug, high-frequency acoustic component, medium-frequency acoustic component, low-frequency acoustic component, outer drill bit, and inner drill bit. The control acquisition module also receives the acquisition data from the high-frequency acoustic component, the medium-frequency acoustic component, and the torque sensor.

[0033] It also includes a ground sensor module and a ground control system. The ground sensor module includes multiple arrayed low-frequency acoustic wave collectors, and the ground control system is connected to the ground sensor module and the control acquisition module through signal transmission lines.

[0034] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0035] (1) Achieving multi-scale information fusion perception: Existing technologies are mostly limited to single-scale stratigraphic information measurement, making it difficult to establish a correlation from small-scale to large-scale observations. This invention, through the coordinated operation of high-frequency, medium-frequency, and low-frequency acoustic wave components, combined with the cooperation of ground sensor modules and drill pipe measurement sections, realizes multi-scale in-situ information acquisition of the internal structure of small-scale core samples in deep strata, the stratigraphic features around medium-scale boreholes, and the geological structure of large-scale regions, constructing a complete information chain of "core-borehole-region", providing comprehensive data support for geological analysis.

[0036] (2) Automated measurement while drilling improves efficiency and continuity: Traditional measurement requires interrupting the drilling process for offline detection, which results in low efficiency and discontinuous data. This invention integrates drilling and measurement synchronously through a cyclical process of automatic perception of characteristic areas, in-situ core processing and measurement. Information collection of characteristic strata can be completed without stopping the machine, which greatly improves the working efficiency of deep drilling and ensures the continuity of all borehole data.

[0037] (3) In-situ measurement ensures data authenticity: In existing technologies, the physical properties of rock cores are easily altered by environmental changes after extraction, affecting measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the stress in the extracted rock cores is released, leading to significant differences between indoor testing and in-situ data. This invention, through a fidelity zone and in-situ measurement mode, enables data acquisition from the rock cores under their original geological environment and stress state, avoiding distortion of the rock core's properties after extraction and ensuring the authenticity of parameters such as structural field and stress field.

[0038] (4) Multi-parameter visualization to improve data interpretation efficiency: Traditional geological data are mostly presented in numerical or curve form, which is difficult to interpret. This invention innovatively adopts RGB color encoding to map multiple parameters such as structural field, stress field, and intensity field into intuitive color information, realizing the visualization of complex geological parameters and facilitating the rapid identification of key information such as the integrity of characteristic strata and stress state. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe measuring section of the device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of feature region sensing in this invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the thrust module of the present invention retracts, causing the inner drill bit to retract into the fidelity zone.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ processing of rock cores according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement start feedback state of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ acquisition of intermediate frequency signals according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ high-frequency signal acquisition according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the core compressive strength test state according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling state of the drill pipe measuring sub section according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the in-situ formation information of the present invention;

[0050] Attached diagrams and corresponding component names:

[0051] 1-Drill pipe measuring section; 2-Ground sensor module; 3-Ground control system; 11-Drilling area; 12-Measurement area; 13-Fidelity area; 14-Control area; 111-Inner drill bit; 112-Outer drill bit; 113-Torque sensor; 114-Drill bit grout passage hole; 121-High frequency acoustic wave assembly; 122-Medium frequency acoustic wave assembly; 123-Low frequency acoustic wave assembly; 141-Drill pipe grout passage hole; 142-Thrust module; 143-Control acquisition module; 144-Power supply module; 145-Pressurized water pump; 146-Inner plug; 147-Outer plug; 148-Connection assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To facilitate understanding and implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0053] Example 1:

[0054] A multi-scale in-situ information automatic measurement device for deep formations while drilling includes a drill pipe measurement section 1, which includes, from bottom to top, a drilling zone 11, a measurement zone 12, a fidelity zone 13, and a control zone 14.

[0055] Drilling zone 11 is located at the bottom of the drill pipe measuring section 1. Drilling zone 11 is used for drilling and core processing. Drilling zone 11 includes an outer drill bit 112 located on the outer periphery and an inner drill bit 111 located on the inner side. The outer drill bit 112 is annular, and the inner drill bit 111 is cylindrical or concave cylindrical. When the inner drill bit 111 extends, it drills together with the outer drill bit 112. When the inner drill bit 111 retracts to the fidelity zone 13, the outer drill bit 112 and the inner drill bit 111 perform in-situ core processing and sample preparation for core storage. Within the measurement zone 12, a torque sensor 113 is installed inside the inner drill bit 111. The torque sensor 113 measures the torque of the inner drill bit 111, thereby determining whether the current drill rod measuring section 1 is located in the characteristic area and whether the core has been processed. The inner drill bit 111 also has a drill bit slurry passage hole 114, which is used for the flow of mud in the drill rod measuring section 1 during drilling, ensuring the cooling and lubrication of the drilling zone 11 during drilling.

[0056] Measurement zone 12 is located above drilling zone 11. A core-containing cavity is located at the center of measurement zone 12. A high-frequency acoustic module, a mid-frequency acoustic module, and a low-frequency acoustic module are installed within the interlayer between the sidewall of measurement zone 12 and the sidewall of the core-containing cavity. The high-frequency acoustic module includes multiple self-emitting and self-receiving high-frequency acoustic components 121 evenly distributed circumferentially. High-frequency acoustic components 121 are installed on both the outer sidewall of the core-containing cavity and the inner sidewall of measurement zone 12. These components are used to achieve three-dimensional acoustic imaging of small-scale structures inside the core, three-dimensional geometric contour measurement of the core's outer contour, and measurement of the core's wave velocity distribution. This is achieved during the rotation of the drill pipe measurement sub 1. In this mode, it can also acquire the geometric features of the borehole; the mid-frequency acoustic module includes multiple self-generating and self-receiving mid-frequency acoustic components 122 evenly distributed along the circumference. The mid-frequency acoustic components 122 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measurement area 12. Through directional circumferential scanning measurement, it can realize medium-scale three-dimensional acoustic imaging of the borehole wall outside the measurement area 12; the low-frequency acoustic module includes multiple low-frequency acoustic components 123 evenly distributed along the circumference. The low-frequency acoustic components 123 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measurement area 12. The low-frequency acoustic components 123 are used to realize large-scale three-dimensional acoustic imaging of the strata between the measurement area 12 and the ground.

[0057] In this embodiment, the high frequency range is 500KHz-10MHz, the mid frequency range is 10KHz-500KHz, and the low frequency range is 10Hz-10KHz. Small scale refers to the structural size between 10% and 90% of the core diameter, mid-scale refers to the structural size around the borehole wall that can be scanned by mid-frequency sensors between 10% and 90%, and large scale refers to the structural size of the strata between the measurement area 12 and the ground sensor module 2 between 10% and 90%.

[0058] Since the frequency levels of the high-frequency acoustic wave component 121, the mid-frequency acoustic wave component 122, and the low-frequency acoustic wave component 123 differ significantly, the measurement area 12 can easily distinguish the acoustic wave signals generated by the high-frequency acoustic wave component 121, the mid-frequency acoustic wave component 122, and the low-frequency acoustic wave component 123 through frequency filtering.

[0059] The fidelity zone 13 is located above the measurement zone 12. The fidelity zone 13 is equipped with a storage cavity for the inner drill bit 111. When in-situ core processing and sample preparation are required, the inner drill bit 111 retracts into the storage cavity of the inner drill bit 111 in the fidelity zone 13. When the torque data collected by the torque sensor 113 on the inner drill bit 111 suddenly increases to the set threshold, it indicates that the top of the core has contacted the inner drill bit 111, and the in-situ core processing and sample preparation are completed.

[0060] Control zone 14 is located above fidelity zone 13. Control zone 14 includes a drill pipe slurry passage hole 141, a thrust module 142, a pressurized water pump 145, an inner plug 146, an outer plug 147, and a connecting assembly 148. The bottom of the drill pipe slurry passage hole 141 is connected to the measurement zone 12, and the top of the drill pipe slurry passage hole 141 is connected to a mud injection device installed on the ground. The thrust module 142 is connected to the inner drill bit 111. The thrust module 142 uses a telescopic assembly; the thrust module 142 extends and retracts the inner drill bit 111 through telescopic movement. When drilling is required, the thrust... Module 142 extends the inner drill bit 111, working together with the outer drill bit 112 to drill a hole. When in-situ core processing and sample preparation are required, the thrust module 142 retracts the inner drill bit 111 to the fidelity zone 13, achieving in-situ core processing. The torque sensor 113 determines whether the processing is complete. A water inlet is provided between the bottom of the control zone 14 and the top of the measurement zone 12. The output pipe of the pressurized water pump 145 is connected to the water inlet, and the pressurized water pump 145 provides pressurized water to the measurement zone 12 to simulate the confining pressure before core formation, ensuring that the confining pressure of the core in the measurement zone 12 is consistent with the pressure of the outer drill bit 111. The confining pressure before drilling remains consistent. The inner plug 146 is located inside the control zone 14. By expanding and sealing the drill pipe through-hole 141, it maintains the water pressure inside the measurement zone 12. Before activation, the inner plug 146 is in a contracted state, allowing water and mud to pass through the drill pipe through-hole 141. After activation, the inner plug 146 is in an expanded state, preventing water and mud from passing through the drill pipe through-hole 141. The outer plug 147 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drill pipe measuring section 1. The outer plug 147 expands and seals the drill pipe through-hole 141. Before the external plug 147 is activated, the external plug 147 is in a contracted state, and there is a gap between the control area 14 and the borehole wall. After the external plug 147 is activated, the external plug 147 is in an expanded state, and there is no gap between the control area 14 and the borehole wall. The connecting assembly 148 is set on the top of the drill pipe measuring sub 1. The drill pipe measuring sub 1 is connected to the bottom of the drill pipe through the connecting assembly 148 at the top. The connecting assembly 148 includes various connection forms and sizes to ensure that the drill pipe measuring sub 1 can be mounted on different drill pipes.

[0061] Control zone 14 also includes a control acquisition module 143 and a power module 144. The control acquisition module 143 is connected to the thrust module 142, pressurized water pump 145, inner plug 146, and outer plug 147 of control zone 14. The control acquisition module 143 is also connected to the high-frequency acoustic component 121, mid-frequency acoustic component 122, and low-frequency acoustic component 123 of measurement zone 12. The control acquisition module 143 is also connected to the outer drill bit 112, inner drill bit 111, and torque sensor 113 of drilling zone 11. Block 143 controls and drives the thrust module 142, pressurized water pump 145, inner plug 146, outer plug 147, high-frequency acoustic component 121, medium-frequency acoustic component 122, low-frequency acoustic component 123, outer drill bit 112, and inner drill bit 111. The control acquisition module 143 also receives the acquisition data from the high-frequency acoustic component 121, the medium-frequency acoustic component 122, and the torque sensor 113. The power supply module 144 realizes the transformation, power supply, and voltage stabilization of the various electronic components in the drill rod measuring section 1.

[0062] It also includes a ground sensor module 2 and a ground control system 3. The ground sensor module 2 includes multiple array-type (such as rectangular or ring-type) low-frequency acoustic wave acquisition devices to realize the acquisition of large-scale geological structure information between the drill pipe measuring section 1 and the ground sensor module 2. The ground control system 3 is connected to the ground sensor module 2 and the control acquisition module 143 through a signal transmission line.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] A method for automatic in-situ measurement of multi-scale information in deep formations while drilling, specifically including the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Determine the perception threshold range of the characteristic region. During drilling, monitor the torque data of the torque sensor 113 on the inner drill bit 111 to determine whether the formation at the current drilling depth is within the characteristic region. If it is determined to be within the characteristic region, proceed to Step 2. Step 1 specifically includes the following processes:

[0066] The perception threshold range of the feature region is set in the following way: First, the torque data of the current stratum is sampled by the torque sensor 113 and the sampled torque data sequence is transmitted to the control acquisition module 143. The control acquisition module 143 performs real-time analysis on the sampled torque data sequence, sets the capacity of the search box to M, that is, takes M torque data as a group of sub-data, groups the sampled torque data sequence to obtain sub-data M1~Mp, and calculates the mean deviation N1~Np of each group of sub-data in turn.

[0067] Secondly, strata with a mean deviation Ni+1 less than k times Ni are selected. The strata containing sub-data Mi+1 and Mi are used as reference strata. The support vector machine method is used to train the sub-data Mi and Mi+1 to obtain the prediction interval. Subsequent sub-data are input into the trained support vector machine. If the predicted value of the subsequent sub-data exceeds the prediction interval, it meets the perception threshold interval of the feature region, and the corresponding stratum is in the feature region. If the predicted value of the subsequent sub-data does not exceed the prediction interval, it does not meet the perception threshold interval of the feature region, and the corresponding stratum is not in the feature region. Here, i is the index, i takes the range 1 to p.

[0068] If no reference formation is found for the current k value, the k value is changed, and the search continues from M1 until a reference formation is found.

[0069] Step 2: When in the characteristic region, retract the inner drill bit 111 to the fidelity zone 13, extract the rock core into the rock core receiving cavity of the measurement zone 12, and monitor the torque data of the torque sensor 113 of the inner drill bit 111. When the torque increases to a set threshold, the in-situ processing of the rock core is completed, and proceed to step 3; Step 2 specifically includes the following process:

[0070] The control acquisition module 143 issues a retraction command to the thrust module 142, which retracts the inner drill bit 111 to the fidelity zone 13. During the retraction of the thrust module 142, the drill pipe measuring section 1 continues to rotate spirally under the driving force of drilling. Due to the relative positional movement between the inner drill bit 111 and the outer drill bit 112, the amount of rock drilled by the inner drill bit 111 will be significantly less than that drilled by the outer drill bit 112. The columnar rock core inside the drill pipe measuring section 1 will gradually form. When the torque data collected by the torque sensor 113 suddenly increases to the set threshold, it indicates that the top of the rock core has contacted the inner drill bit 111, thus completing the in-situ processing of the rock core.

[0071] Step 2 also includes the following process: While the control acquisition module 143 issues a contraction command to the thrust module 142, the control acquisition module 143 issues a working command to the high-frequency acoustic component 121. The geometric morphological characteristics of the borehole at the location of the high-frequency acoustic component 121 are acquired through high-frequency sound. Using the geostress field inversion method based on the geometric morphological characteristics of the borehole, the stress field parameters of the stratum at the depth of the high-frequency acoustic component 121 are inverted. The control acquisition module 143 calculates the stress magnitude at that depth. The control acquisition module 143 drives the inner plug 146 and the outer plug 147 to work and expand to the maximum to achieve sealing inside and outside the measurement area 12. Subsequently, the control acquisition module 143 issues a working command to the pressurized water pump 145. The pressurized water pump 145 generates pressure consistent with the stress of the stratum at the depth of the high-frequency acoustic component 121, ensuring that the processed rock core is in a stress state consistent with that before processing, thereby providing a measurement state consistent with the deep stress state of the stratum for subsequent in-situ measurements.

[0072] Step 3: Measurement Start Feedback; The control acquisition module 143 issues a measurement start feedback command, the low-frequency acoustic component 123 starts, and the low-frequency acoustic component 123 emits a modulated low-frequency acoustic signal. The acoustic wave emitted by the low-frequency acoustic component 123 is non-directional. When the ground sensor module 2 and the ground control system 3, which are always in working state, sense the signal emitted by the low-frequency acoustic component 123, the ground control system 3 issues an alarm message, the drilling rig stops working, and the interference signal generated by drilling on the drilling rod measurement section 1 is reduced, and then proceed to step 4.

[0073] Step 4: Sequentially activate the mid-frequency acoustic wave component 122, the high-frequency acoustic wave component 121, the thrust module 142, and the low-frequency acoustic wave component 123 to collect small-scale in-situ information on the internal structure of the rock core, mid-scale in-situ information on the characteristics of the surrounding strata, the compressive strength of the rock core, and large-scale in-situ information on the regional geological structure, respectively, to achieve multi-scale in-situ information acquisition. The specific process includes the following:

[0074] Step 4.1: The control acquisition module 143 sends out in-situ information acquisition. First, the intermediate frequency acoustic wave component 122 starts working. The intermediate frequency acoustic wave component 122 realizes the scanning of intermediate frequency acoustic wave signals around the borehole by self-transmission and self-reception. The control acquisition module 143 acquires the full waveform acoustic wave signals reflected from the borehole to the intermediate frequency acoustic wave component 122. After completing the data acquisition of the intermediate frequency acoustic wave component 122, mesoscale in-situ information is obtained.

[0075] Step 4.2: The control acquisition module 143 drives the high-frequency acoustic wave component 121 located inside the cylinder of the measurement area 12 to start working. The high-frequency acoustic wave component 121 uses a combination of self-transmission and self-reception and single transmission and single reception to scan the high-frequency acoustic wave signal on the surface and inside of the borehole core. The control acquisition module 143 acquires the full waveform acoustic wave signal reflected and transmitted from the surface and inside of the borehole core to the high-frequency acoustic wave component 121. After completing the data acquisition of the high-frequency acoustic wave component 121, the control acquisition module 143 obtains small-scale in-situ information.

[0076] Step 4.3: The control acquisition module 143 drives the thrust module 142 to extend. The thrust module 142 continuously squeezes the upper surface of the rock core. The control acquisition module 143 records the thrust value collected by the thrust module 142 in real time. If the thrust module 142 suddenly drops significantly after a period of time, it means that the rock core has been crushed. The instantaneous value of the sudden drop in thrust value of the thrust module 142 can be converted into the compressive strength value of the rock core.

[0077] Step 4.4: Simultaneously, the control acquisition module 143 issues a command to stop the thrust module 142 from extending. Subsequently, the control acquisition module 143 drives the low-frequency acoustic component 123 to start working. The low-frequency acoustic component 123 emits a modulated low-frequency acoustic signal. The acoustic wave emitted by the low-frequency acoustic component 123 is non-directional. After the ground sensor module 2 and the ground control system 3, which are always in working state, sense the signal emitted by the low-frequency acoustic component 123, the ground control system 3 issues an alarm message. At the same time, it fully records the signal collected by the ground sensor module 2 from the low-frequency acoustic component 123, obtaining large-scale in-situ information. After the ground control system 3 issues an alarm message, the drilling rig starts the drilling process and proceeds to step 5.

[0078] Step 5: After the multi-scale in-situ information acquisition of the strata at the current borehole depth is completed, return to Step 1 until all borehole depths are measured, and proceed to Step 6.

[0079] Step 5 specifically includes the following steps: the control acquisition module 143 sends a stop command to the inner plug 146, the outer plug 147, and the pressurized water pump 145; the inner plug 146 and the outer plug 147 retract to their original state; the pressurized water pump 145 unloads the water pressure; the control acquisition module 143 drives the thrust module 142 to issue an extension command; the thrust module 142 drives the inner drill bit 111 to gradually extend away from the thrust module 142; during the extension of the thrust module 142, the drill rod measuring section 1 measures the drilling progress... Driven by the system, the drilling continues its deep spiral rotation. As the height difference between the inner drill bit 111 and the outer drill bit 112 decreases, under the combined action of the thrust module 142 and the drill pipe, the amount of rock drilled by the inner drill bit 111 will be significantly greater than that drilled by the outer drill bit 112. The height of the columnar rock core within the drill pipe measuring section 1 will gradually shorten. Once the extension length of the thrust module 142 ensures that the height difference between the inner drill bit 111 and the outer drill bit 112 is within the characteristic area sensing installation state, the thrust module 142 stops working, and the process proceeds to step 1.

[0080] This cycle can be repeated to achieve full-hole drilling and automatic multi-scale in-situ information acquisition and measurement of characteristic strata, based on depth, until the entire process is completed.

[0081] Step 6: Perform structural parameter inversion and stress field parameter inversion on the large-scale in-situ information of the current core depth to obtain the first structural field and the first stress field of the current core depth. Construct the first intensity field of the current core depth based on the torsion data. Use the first structural field, the first stress field, and the first intensity field of the current core depth as the three-dimensional direction of the cube, and color encode the three-dimensional direction of the cube with the three primary colors of RGB to obtain a large-scale three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color encoding.

[0082] Specifically, the structural parameters of the large-scale in-situ information at the current core depth are inverted to obtain the first structural field at the current core depth. This is achieved by using the full-pulse acoustic signal emitted by the low-frequency acoustic component 123 collected by the ground sensor module 2, combined with seismic full waveform inversion (FWI), to realize the inversion of the structural parameters of the strata between the drill pipe measurement section 1 and the ground sensor module 2, constructing the first structural field at the current core depth, obtaining the maximum value of the first structural field (the structural field parameter with the best integrity) DJMAX1, and obtaining the minimum value of the first structural field at the current core depth (the structural field parameter with the worst integrity) DJMIN1.

[0083] The stress field parameters of the large-scale in-situ information of the current core depth are inverted to obtain the first stress field of the current core depth. Specifically, the stress field parameters of the strata between the drill pipe measuring section 1 and the ground sensor module 2 are inverted by combining the in-situ stress inversion method based on wave velocity distribution, the first stress field of the current core depth is constructed, and the maximum value DYMAX1 and minimum value DYMIN1 of the first stress field of the current core depth are obtained.

[0084] The first intensity field at the current core depth is constructed based on the torque data. Specifically, the torque sensor 113 collects the formation torque data between the drill pipe measuring section 1 and the ground sensor module 2 as the intensity field parameter to construct the first intensity field at the current core depth, and obtains the maximum value DQMAX1 and the minimum value DQMIN1 of the first intensity field at the current core depth.

[0085] The three-dimensional directions of the cube are color-coded using the three primary colors of RGB to obtain a large-scale three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color coding for the current core depth. Specifically, based on the principle that any color can be created by mixing red (R), green (G), and blue (B) in appropriate proportions, the colors of the large-scale in-situ information of the strata are encoded using RGB ratio values. DJMAX1, DYMAX1, and DQMAX1 correspond to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, and DJMIN1, DYMIN1, and DQMIN1 correspond to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, respectively. The remaining intermediate values ​​are mapped according to the proportions to obtain a large-scale three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color coding for the current core depth.

[0086] Structural parameters and stress field parameters were inverted from the mesoscale in-situ information at the current core depth to obtain the second structural field and the second stress field at the current core depth. The second intensity field at the current core depth was constructed based on the core compressive strength data. The second structural field, the second stress field, and the second intensity field at the current core depth were used as the three-dimensional directions of a cube, and the three-dimensional directions of the cube were color-coded using the three primary colors of RGB to obtain a mesoscale three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color coding.

[0087] Specifically, the structural parameters of the mesoscale in-situ information at the current core depth are inverted to obtain the second structural field at the current core depth. This is achieved by inverting the structural parameters of the strata at the current core depth using the control acquisition module 143 to collect the full waveform acoustic signals reflected from the mid-frequency acoustic component 122 around the borehole, and combining the borehole surrounding rock structure inversion method based on directional acoustic scanning. This process constructs the second structural field at the current core depth, obtains the maximum value (the structural field parameter with the best integrity) DJMAX2 of the second structural field, and obtains the minimum value (the structural field parameter with the worst integrity) DJMIN2 of the second structural field at the current core depth.

[0088] The stress field parameters of the mesoscale in-situ information at the current core depth are inverted to obtain the second stress field. Specifically, the full waveform acoustic signal reflected from the surface of the core in the borehole to the high-frequency acoustic component 121 is collected by the control acquisition module 143. The geometric contour of the core is calculated. Combined with the in-situ stress field inversion method based on borehole morphology, the stress field parameters of the stratum at the depth of the drill pipe measurement section 1 are inverted to construct the second stress field at the current core depth. The maximum value DYMAX2 and the minimum value DYMIN2 of the second stress field are obtained.

[0089] The second intensity field at the current core depth is constructed based on the core compressive strength data. Specifically, the core compressive strength data at different depths are used as intensity field parameters to construct the second intensity field at the current core depth, and the maximum value DQMAX2 and minimum value DQMIN2 of the second intensity field at the current core depth are obtained.

[0090] The three-dimensional directions of the cube are color-coded using the three primary colors of RGB to obtain a mesoscale in-situ information description based on RGB color coding at the current core depth. Specifically, DJMAX2, DYMAX2, and DQMAX2 correspond to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, and DJMIN2, DYMIN2, and DQMIN2 correspond to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, respectively. The remaining intermediate values ​​are mapped proportionally to obtain the mapped values ​​of the core compressive strength data at the current core depth. The mapped values ​​of the core compressive strength data at the current core depth are then used as the color code of the intensity field at the current core depth to obtain a mesoscale in-situ information description based on RGB color coding at the current core depth.

[0091] Structural parameters and stress field parameters were inverted from the small-scale in-situ information at the current core depth to obtain the third structural field and third stress field at the current core depth. The third intensity field at the current core depth was constructed based on the torsion data. The third structural field, third stress field, and third intensity field at the current core depth were used as the three-dimensional directions of a cube, and the three-dimensional directions of the cube were color-coded using the three primary colors of RGB to obtain a small-scale three-dimensional in-situ information description of the current core depth based on RGB color coding.

[0092] Specifically, the structural parameters of the small-scale in-situ information at the current core depth are inverted to obtain the third structural field at the current core depth. This is achieved by using the control acquisition module 143 to acquire the full-waveform acoustic signal reflected from the inside of the core and the high-frequency acoustic component 121, and combining the core internal structure inversion method based on full-waveform inversion to realize the structural parameter inversion of the core at the depth of the drill pipe measurement section 1, constructing the third structural field at the current core depth, obtaining the maximum value of the third structural field (the structural field parameter with the best integrity) DJMAX3, and obtaining the minimum value of the third structural field (the structural field parameter with the worst integrity) DJMIN3.

[0093] The stress field parameters of the small-scale in-situ information at the current core depth are inverted to obtain the third stress field at the current core depth. Specifically, the measurement method of the high-frequency acoustic component 121 is combined with the control acquisition module 143 to collect the measurement from the inside of the core in the borehole using a single transmission and reception method. The sound velocity of the core in different directions is calculated. The stress field inversion method of the core is constructed by combining the difference characteristics of the sound velocity in the circumferential direction of the core. The stress field parameters of the core at the depth of the drill pipe measurement section 1 are inverted to construct the third stress field at the current core depth. The maximum value DYMAX3 and the minimum value DYMIN3 of the third stress field are obtained.

[0094] The third intensity field at the current core depth is constructed based on the torque data. Specifically, the torque sensor 113 collects the formation torque data during the in-situ core drilling process of the drill rod measuring section 1 at this depth as an intensity field parameter to construct the third intensity field at the current core depth and obtain the maximum value DQMAX3 and minimum value DQMIN3 of the third intensity field.

[0095] The three-dimensional directions of the cube are color-coded using the three primary colors of RGB to obtain a small-scale three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color coding for the current core depth. Specifically, DJMAX3, DYMAX3, and DQMAX3 correspond to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, and DJMIN3, DYMIN3, and DQMIN3 correspond to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, respectively. The remaining intermediate values ​​are mapped proportionally to obtain a small-scale three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color coding for the current core depth.

[0096] Step 7: Repeat step 6 to obtain three-dimensional in-situ information descriptions of various scales at different core depths, realize the in-situ information description of strata of all regions at large, medium and small scales, and intuitively present the large, medium and small scale information of typical strata in the image.

[0097] It should be noted that the embodiments described in this invention are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deep formation multi-scale in-situ information while drilling automatic measuring device, comprising a drill pipe measuring sub (1), characterized in that, The drill pipe measuring section (1) includes, from bottom to top, a drilling area (11), a measuring area (12), a fidelity area (13), and a control area (14). The drilling area (11) includes an outer ring-shaped drill bit (112) on the outer periphery and an inner drill bit (111) on the inner side. The inner drill bit (111) is cylindrical or concave cylindrical. A torque sensor (113) is installed inside the inner drill bit (111). A drill bit slurry passage hole (114) is also provided inside the inner drill bit (111). The measurement area (12) is located above the drilling area (11). A core receiving cavity is opened in the center of the measurement area (12). A high-frequency acoustic module, a medium-frequency acoustic module, and a low-frequency acoustic module are installed in the interlayer between the sidewall of the measurement area (12) and the sidewall of the core receiving cavity. The high-frequency acoustic module includes multiple self-generating and self-receiving high-frequency acoustic components (121) evenly distributed along the circumference. The medium-frequency acoustic module includes multiple self-generating and self-receiving medium-frequency acoustic components (122) evenly distributed along the circumference. The low-frequency acoustic module includes multiple low-frequency acoustic components (123) evenly distributed along the circumference. High-frequency acoustic components (121) are provided on the outer wall of the core receiving cavity and the inner wall of the measurement area (12). The mid-frequency acoustic components (122) and low-frequency acoustic components (123) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measurement area (12). The high-frequency range is 500KHz-10MHz, the mid-frequency range is 10KHz-500KHz, and the low-frequency range is 10Hz-10KHz. The fidelity zone (13) is located above the measurement zone (12). The fidelity zone (13) is equipped with an inner drill bit (111) storage cavity. When in-situ core processing and sample preparation are required, the inner drill bit (111) retracts into the inner drill bit storage cavity of the fidelity zone (13). The outer drill bit (112) is circular, and the inner drill bit (111) is cylindrical or concave columnar. When the inner drill bit (111) extends, it drills together with the outer drill bit (112). When the inner drill bit (111) retracts into the fidelity zone (13), the outer drill bit (112) and the inner drill bit (111) perform in-situ core processing and sample preparation. The core is stored in the measurement zone (12). The control area (14) is located above the fidelity zone (13). The control area (14) includes a drill pipe slurry passage hole (141), a thrust module (142), a pressurized water pump (145), an inner plug (146), an outer plug (147), and a connecting assembly (148). The bottom of the drill pipe slurry passage hole (141) is connected to the measurement area (12), and the top of the drill pipe slurry passage hole (141) is connected to a mud injection device installed on the ground. The thrust module (142) is connected to the inner drill bit (111), and the thrust module (142) drives the inner drill bit (111) to move up and down. The output pipe of the pressurized water pump (145) The drill pipe is connected to the grout passage (141), and the pressurized water pump (145) provides pressurized water to the measurement area (12) to simulate the confining pressure before core formation; the inner plug (146) is set inside the control area (14) and seals the drill pipe grout passage (141) by expansion; the outer plug (147) is fixedly set on the outer wall of the drill pipe measurement section (1) and seals the gap between the drill pipe measurement section (1) and the borehole wall by expansion; the connecting assembly (148) is set on the top of the drill pipe measurement section (1) and the drill pipe measurement section (1) is connected to the bottom of the drill pipe through the connecting assembly (148) at the top.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The control area (14) also includes a control acquisition module (143) and a power module (144). The control acquisition module (143) is connected to the thrust module (142), pressurized water pump (145), inner plug (146), and outer plug (147) of the control area (14). The control acquisition module (143) is also connected to the high-frequency acoustic component (121), medium-frequency acoustic component (122), and low-frequency acoustic component (123) of the measurement area (12). The control acquisition module (143) is also connected to the outer drill bit (112) and inner drill bit (114) of the drilling area (11). 1) and the torque sensor (113) are connected. The control acquisition module (143) controls and drives the thrust module (142), the pressurized water pump (145), the inner plug (146), the outer plug (147), the high frequency acoustic component (121), the medium frequency acoustic component (122), the low frequency acoustic component (123), the outer drill bit (112), and the inner drill bit (111). The control acquisition module (143) also receives the acquisition data of the high frequency acoustic component (121), the acquisition data of the medium frequency acoustic component (122), and the acquisition data of the torque sensor (113).

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, It also includes a ground sensor module (2) and a ground control system (3). The ground sensor module (2) includes multiple arrayed low-frequency acoustic wave collectors. The ground control system (3) is connected to the ground sensor module (2) and the control acquisition module (143) through a signal transmission line.

4. A method for deep formation multi-scale in-situ information automatic measurement while drilling, using the deep formation multi-scale in-situ information automatic measurement while drilling device of claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the perception threshold range of the feature region. If it is determined that the feature region is in the feature region, proceed to Step 2. Step 2: When in the characteristic area, retract the inner drill bit (111) to the fidelity zone (13) and start extracting the core. By monitoring the torque data of the torque sensor (113) of the inner drill bit (111), when it increases to the set threshold, the in-situ processing of the core is completed, and proceed to step 3. Step 3: Measurement start feedback. The low-frequency acoustic wave component (123) is activated to emit a low-frequency test signal. After the low-frequency test signal is sensed by the ground sensor module (2) and the ground control system (3), the drilling rig stops working and proceeds to step 4. Step 4: Sequentially activate the medium-frequency acoustic wave component (122), high-frequency acoustic wave component (121), thrust module (142), and low-frequency acoustic wave component (123) to perform small-scale in-situ information acquisition, medium-scale borehole in-situ information acquisition, core compressive strength acquisition, and large-scale in-situ information acquisition, respectively. Small-scale refers to the structural size between 10% and 90% of the core diameter, medium-scale refers to the structural size between 10% and 90% of the size around the borehole wall that can be scanned by the medium frequency, and large-scale refers to the structural size between 10% and 90% of the size of the strata between the measurement area (12) and the ground sensor module (2). Step 5: After the multi-scale in-situ information acquisition of the strata at the current borehole depth is completed, return to Step 1 until all borehole depths are measured, and proceed to Step 6. Step 6: Perform structural parameter inversion and stress field parameter inversion on the large-scale, mesoscale, and small-scale in-situ information respectively to obtain the corresponding structural field and stress field. Construct the intensity field corresponding to the large-scale and small-scale in-situ information based on the torsional data, and construct the intensity field corresponding to the mesoscale in-situ information based on the core compressive strength data. Take the structural field, stress field, and intensity field corresponding to the large-scale, mesoscale, and small-scale in-situ information as the three-dimensional directions of the cube, and color encode the three-dimensional directions of the cube with the three primary colors of RGB respectively to obtain the three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color encoding corresponding to the large-scale, mesoscale, and small-scale in-situ information. Step 7: Repeat step 6 to obtain three-dimensional in-situ information descriptions at various scales for different core depths. The perception threshold range of the feature region in step 1 is set in the following way: First, the torque data of the current stratum is sampled by the torque sensor (113), and the acquisition module (143) is controlled to perform real-time analysis on the sampled torque data sequence. Specifically, the sampled torque data sequence is grouped into groups of M torque data as a group of sub-data to obtain sub-data M1~Mp, and the mean deviation N1~Np of each group of sub-data is calculated in turn. Secondly, strata with a mean deviation Ni+1 less than k times Ni are selected. The strata containing sub-data Mi+1 and Mi are used as reference strata. Support vector machines are used to train sub-data Mi and Mi+1 to obtain a prediction interval. Subsequent sub-data are then input into the trained support vector machine. If the predicted value of the subsequent sub-data exceeds the prediction interval, it satisfies the perception threshold interval of the feature region, and the corresponding stratum is in the feature region. If the predicted value of the subsequent sub-data does not exceed the prediction interval, it does not satisfy the perception threshold interval of the feature region, and the corresponding stratum is not in the feature region. Here, i is the index, and i takes values ​​from 1 to p. If no reference stratum is found for the current k value, the k value is changed, and the search continues from M1 until a reference stratum is found. Step 2 also includes the following steps: While shrinking the inner drill bit (111) to the fidelity zone (13), the geometric features of the borehole at the location of the high-frequency acoustic component (121) are acquired. Using the geostress field inversion method based on the geometric features of the borehole, the stress field parameters of the stratum at the depth of the high-frequency acoustic component (121) are inverted. The acquisition module (143) is controlled to calculate the stress magnitude at the current core depth. The acquisition module (143) is then controlled to drive the inner plug (146) and outer plug (147) to work, expanding to their maximum size to achieve sealing inside and outside the measurement area (12). Subsequently, the pressurized water pump (145) generates water pressure consistent with the stress of the stratum at the depth of the high-frequency acoustic component (121), so that the processed core is in a stress state consistent with that before processing. Step 4 specifically includes the following steps: Step 4.1: Scan the area around the borehole with mid-frequency acoustic signals and collect the full-waveform acoustic signals reflected from the area around the borehole to obtain mesoscale in-situ information. Step 4.2: Scan the surface and interior of the borehole core with high-frequency acoustic signals, and collect the full waveform acoustic signals reflected and transmitted from the surface and interior of the borehole core to obtain small-scale in-situ information. Step 4.3: The thrust module (142) continuously squeezes the upper surface of the rock core and records the thrust value collected by the thrust module (142) in real time. If the thrust module (142) suddenly drops significantly after a period of time, the instantaneous value of the thrust value of the thrust module (142) that suddenly drops significantly is converted into the compressive strength value of the rock core. Step 4.4: When the thrust value suddenly drops significantly, the thrust module (142) stops extending. Then, the low-frequency acoustic component (123) is activated to emit a low-frequency acoustic signal. When the ground sensor module (2) and the ground control system (3) sense the low-frequency acoustic signal, they issue an alarm message. At the same time, the ground sensor module (2) collects the low-frequency acoustic signal to obtain large-scale in-situ information. After the ground control system (3) issues an alarm message, the drilling rig starts the drilling process and enters step 5.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The RGB color-coded in-situ stereo information description is constructed in the following way: First, the structural field, stress field, and intensity field are considered as the three-dimensional directions of the cube; Secondly, obtain the maximum value DJMAX and minimum value DJMIN of the structural field, the maximum value DYMAX and minimum value DYMIN of the stress field, and the maximum value DQMAX and minimum value DQMIN of the strength field. Finally, DJMAX, DYMAX, and DQMAX are assigned to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, and DJMIN, DYMIN, and DQMIN are assigned to the maximum values ​​of the three primary colors, respectively. The remaining intermediate values ​​are mapped proportionally to obtain a three-dimensional in-situ information description based on RGB color encoding.

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