Optical fiber coupled medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection

Abstract

The application relates to an optical fiber coupling medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection, comprising the following steps: picking up a direct wave first arrival of a vibration signal from optical fiber monitoring data, and intercepting the optical fiber monitoring data based on the direct wave first arrival to obtain the vibration signal; generating a joint loss function based on an amplitude-based Q value constructor, a phase-based constructor and an envelope-based constructor; and adopting an L-BFGS-B optimization inversion algorithm to inversely calculate the joint loss function to obtain a Q value jointly constrained by amplitude, phase and envelope. The application realizes important breakthroughs in technical performance and engineering applicability in the field of hole sealing quality detection by fusing distributed optical fiber sensing technology and a multi-parameter Q value inversion algorithm. Compared with a traditional method, the application can quantitatively diagnose a coupling state of a hole sealing formation in a whole well section and in real time and dynamically by virtue of the continuous spatial sensing capability of the distributed optical fiber and the high sensitivity of the Q value to medium attenuation characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hole sealing quality detection, and more specifically, to a method for inverting the quality factor of fiber-coupled media for hole sealing quality detection. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of underground engineering construction, borehole grouting technology has been widely used in tunnel surrounding rock reinforcement, mine curtain water plugging, and foundation treatment. The quality of grouting directly affects the safety of the project. Traditional monitoring methods such as resistivity method, sonic detection, or borehole coring have drawbacks such as low spatial resolution, poor real-time performance, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome at least one deficiency in the prior art, this application provides a fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection.

[0004] Firstly, a method for inverting the quality factor of an optical fiber coupled medium for detecting the quality of sealing holes is provided, including:

[0005] The vibration signal is obtained by picking up the first arrival of the direct wave of the vibration signal from the fiber optic monitoring data and then truncating the fiber optic monitoring data based on the first arrival of the direct wave.

[0006] Amplitude compensation is performed on the vibration signal based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal.

[0007] The compensated vibration signal is bandpass filtered to obtain the filtered vibration signal.

[0008] The filtered vibration signal is truncated according to the calculation time window length to obtain the truncated signal; the truncated signal is subjected to Hilbert transform to generate an analytical signal; and the instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase and spectrum are calculated based on the analytical signal.

[0009] Based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude attenuation model, an amplitude-based Q-value constructor is generated; based on the instantaneous phase, a phase-based constructor is generated; based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions, an envelope-based constructor is generated; a joint loss function is generated based on the amplitude-based Q-value constructor, the phase-based constructor, and the envelope-based constructor; the Q-value is the fiber coupling medium quality factor.

[0010] The L-BFGS-B optimization inversion algorithm is used to invert the joint loss function to obtain the Q value of the joint constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope.

[0011] In one embodiment, the fiber optic monitoring data is subjected to direct arrival wave pickup of vibration signals, and the fiber optic monitoring data is truncated based on the direct arrival wave pickup to obtain vibration signals, including:

[0012] Fiber optic monitoring data includes data from multiple channels;

[0013] The first arrival of the direct wave of the vibration signal is picked up for the data of each channel to obtain the first arrival of the direct wave of each channel;

[0014] Calculate the average value of the first arrival of the direct waves from all channels as the signal interception marker time;

[0015] The data of each channel is extracted by setting a time window before and after the signal extraction mark to obtain the vibration signal of each channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, amplitude compensation is performed on the vibration signal based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal, including:

[0017] The vibration signal includes vibration signals from multiple channels;

[0018] Calculate the amplitude compensation coefficient for each channel:

[0019]

[0020] Where G(i) is the amplitude compensation coefficient for the i-th channel, r i Let be the offset of the i-th track;

[0021] The vibration signal of each track is compensated by applying the corresponding amplitude compensation coefficient to obtain the compensated vibration signal of each track.

[0022] In one embodiment, a Q-value constructor based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude decay model is generated, including:

[0023] Instantaneous amplitude includes the instantaneous amplitude of multiple channels. For each channel, the instantaneous amplitude at all times within the time window constitutes the amplitude spectrum of the channel.

[0024] Let any channel be denoted as the observation channel; according to the amplitude attenuation model, determine the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observation channel using the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where A(f) is the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observation channel, A0(f) is the amplitude spectrum of the reference channel, f is the frequency, Δt is the time difference of the wave propagating from the reference channel to the observation channel, and Q is the quality factor of the fiber coupling medium.

[0027] The mean square error between the amplitude spectrum of the observation channel and the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum A(f) is calculated and used as the amplitude-based Q-value constructor L for the observation channel. amp .

[0028] In one embodiment, a phase-based constructor is generated based on the instantaneous phase; including:

[0029] The instantaneous phase includes the instantaneous phase of each track;

[0030] Let any trace be denoted as the observation trace; calculate the mean square error between the instantaneous phase of the observation trace and the instantaneous phase of the reference trace, and use it as the phase-based constructor L for the observation trace. phase .

[0031] In one embodiment, an envelope-based constructor is generated based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak locations, including:

[0032] The spectrum includes the spectrum of each channel;

[0033] For each channel, the signal envelope is determined based on the spectrum, and the peak time of the signal envelope is determined;

[0034] Any channel is designated as the observation channel; the ratio of the peak time of the signal envelope of the observation channel to the peak time of the signal envelope of the reference channel is determined and designated as the observation channel ratio.

[0035] When Q→∞, the theoretical ratio is 1, where Q is the quality factor of the fiber coupling medium.

[0036] The mean square error between the observed channel ratio and the theoretical ratio is calculated and used as the envelope-based constructor L for the observed channel. env .

[0037] In one embodiment, the joint loss function is:

[0038] L Q =ω1L amp +ω2L phase +ω3L env

[0039] Among them, L Q For the joint loss function, L amp To construct a Q-value based on amplitude, L phase For phase-based constructors, L env For the envelope-based constructor, ω1 + ω2 + ω3 = 1, where ω1 is L. amp The weights, ω2 is L phase The weights, ω3 is L env The weight.

[0040] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0041] Based on fiber optic monitoring data at different monitoring times, the Q-values ​​of the combined constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope at different monitoring times are obtained.

[0042] Secondly, a fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion device for sealing quality detection is provided, comprising:

[0043] The initial arrival pickup and interception module performs initial arrival pickup of the direct wave of vibration signal from the fiber optic monitoring data, and intercepts the fiber optic monitoring data based on the initial arrival pickup of the direct wave to obtain the vibration signal;

[0044] The amplitude compensation module performs amplitude compensation on the vibration signal based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal.

[0045] The bandpass filter module is used to perform bandpass filtering on the compensated vibration signal to obtain the filtered vibration signal;

[0046] The Hilbert transform module is used to truncate the filtered vibration signal according to the calculation time window length to obtain the truncated signal; perform Hilbert transform on the truncated signal to generate an analytical signal; and calculate the instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase and spectrum based on the analytical signal.

[0047] The joint loss function generation module is used to generate an amplitude-based Q-value constructor based on instantaneous amplitude and amplitude attenuation model; a phase-based constructor based on instantaneous phase; an envelope-based constructor based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions; and a joint loss function based on the amplitude-based Q-value constructor, the phase-based constructor, and the envelope-based constructor. The Q-value is the fiber coupling medium quality factor.

[0048] The inversion module is used to invert the joint loss function using the L-BFGS-B optimized inversion algorithm to obtain the Q value of the joint constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope.

[0049] Thirdly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method for inverting the quality factor of an optical fiber coupled medium for detecting the quality of sealing holes.

[0050] Compared with existing technologies, this application has the following advantages: By integrating distributed optical fiber sensing technology with a multi-parameter Q-value inversion algorithm, this application achieves significant breakthroughs in technical performance and engineering applicability in the field of wellbore sealing quality detection. Compared with traditional methods, this application, through the continuous spatial sensing capability of distributed optical fiber and the high sensitivity of Q-value to medium attenuation characteristics, can perform real-time dynamic quantitative diagnosis of the formation coupling state of wellbore sealing throughout the entire well section.

[0051] The core advantages are as follows: First, the technical performance is significantly improved. Q-value inversion, through multi-physics joint modeling of amplitude attenuation, phase delay, and envelope broadening, has stronger noise resistance and higher inversion accuracy. Second, the distributed optical fiber combines corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, and long lifespan, supporting full lifecycle monitoring during grouting, cementing, and wellbore service without the need for drilling stoppages or segmented operations, enabling real-time early warning and precise location of sealing defects. Third, by replacing multiple traditional logging operations with a single deployment, detection costs are reduced. Compared with existing technologies, this application breaks through the bottlenecks of traditional methods in terms of spatial continuity, detection accuracy, and real-time performance, providing a high-precision, low-cost, and full-cycle technical solution for sealing quality evaluation, with significant industry application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0052] This application can be better understood by referring to the description given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated in and form part of this specification. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart of the fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection is shown.

[0054] Figure 2 A block diagram of an optical fiber coupled medium quality factor inversion device for hole sealing quality detection is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity and brevity, not all features of the actual embodiments are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many embodiment-specific decisions can be made in the development of any such actual embodiment to achieve the developer’s specific objectives, and these decisions may vary as the embodiments differ.

[0056] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring this application with unnecessary details, only the device structure closely related to the solution according to this application is shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to this application are omitted.

[0057] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the described embodiments by virtue of the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this document, embodiments may be combined with each other, features may be substituted or borrowed between different embodiments, and one or more features may be omitted in one embodiment, where feasible.

[0058] In recent years, distributed optical fiber sensing technology has provided a new approach for monitoring grouting effects due to its advantages such as high precision, long distance, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. By pre-embedding sensing fibers into the grouting hole, vibration signals during the grouting process and grout solidification can be acquired in real time, thereby enabling the inversion of the fiber coupling medium quality factor. The coupling medium quality factor reflects the wave velocity, density, porosity, and fluid saturation of the coupling medium. As the grout solidifies over time, the density and wave velocity of the optical fiber coupling medium increase, but the porosity and fluid saturation decrease significantly. Therefore, the sealing quality in the hole is evaluated by inverting the Q-value. Traditional Q-value estimation methods usually rely on single physical field characteristics, which are prone to large deviations under low signal-to-noise ratio or complex wave field interference.

[0059] This application achieves significant breakthroughs in technical performance and engineering applicability in the field of wellbore sealing quality inspection by integrating distributed optical fiber sensing technology with a multi-parameter Q-value inversion algorithm. Compared with traditional methods, this application, through the continuous spatial sensing capability of distributed optical fiber and the high sensitivity of Q-value to the attenuation characteristics of the medium, enables real-time, dynamic, and quantitative diagnosis of the formation coupling state of wellbore sealing in the entire well section.

[0060] This application provides a method for inverting the quality factor of fiber-coupled media for hole sealing quality detection. Figure 1 A flowchart of the fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method for via sealing quality detection is shown. See [link to flowchart]. Figure 1 The method mainly includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S1: The fiber optic monitoring data is subjected to direct wave arrival pickup of vibration signal, and the fiber optic monitoring data is truncated based on the direct wave arrival pickup to obtain the vibration signal.

[0062] Here, the fiber optic monitoring data is first normalized using conventional amplitude normalization, a calculation process that employs conventional seismic data processing algorithms.

[0063] Then, Morlet wavelets are used as wavelet basis functions for wavelet transform. The maximum points of the wavelet coefficient moduli at the smallest scale are then calculated. It is checked whether these maximum points appear synchronously at adjacent scales. The first maximum point that satisfies multi-scale consistency is selected as the first arrival position of the direct wave. The first arrival of the direct wave is obtained by picking up the first arrival of the seismic signal for each trace.

[0064] Calculate the average value of the first arrival of the direct waves from all channels as the signal interception marker time;

[0065] A time window of 500 milliseconds before and after the signal interception mark is used to intercept data from each channel, thereby obtaining the vibration signal of each channel.

[0066] Step S2: Amplitude compensation is performed on the vibration signal based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal.

[0067] Specifically, the vibration signal includes vibration signals from multiple channels; the amplitude compensation coefficient for each channel is calculated:

[0068]

[0069] Where G(i) is the amplitude compensation coefficient for the i-th channel, r i Let be the offset of the i-th track;

[0070] The vibration signal of each track is compensated by applying the corresponding amplitude compensation coefficient to obtain the compensated vibration signal of each track.

[0071] Step S3: Bandpass filter is applied to the compensated vibration signal to obtain the filtered vibration signal.

[0072] Here, based on the dominant frequency of the vibration signal, a suitable effective frequency band is selected, and bandpass filtering is performed to obtain the vibration signal after suppressing high-frequency noise and low-frequency drift. This can be achieved using a mature seismic data processing module.

[0073] Step S4: The filtered vibration signal is truncated according to the calculated time window length to obtain the truncated signal; the truncated signal is subjected to Hilbert transform to generate an analytical signal; and the instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase and spectrum are calculated based on the analytical signal.

[0074] Specifically, parse the signal S a (t) is:

[0075] S a (t)=S win (t)+jS h (t)

[0076] Among them, S win (t) represents the intercepted signal, S h (t) represents the result of the Hilbert transform, where t is the time within the calculation window.

[0077]

[0078] Where τ is the integration time.

[0079] Calculate the instantaneous amplitude A(t) and instantaneous phase based on the analytical signal. And the spectrum, using the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] spectrum = |FFT(S) win(t))|

[0082] Step S5: Generate an amplitude-based Q-value constructor based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude attenuation model; generate a phase-based constructor based on the instantaneous phase; generate an envelope-based constructor based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions; generate a joint loss function based on the amplitude-based Q-value constructor, the phase-based constructor, and the envelope-based constructor; Q-value is the fiber coupling medium quality factor.

[0083] Step S6: The joint loss function is inverted using the L-BFGS-B optimization inversion algorithm to obtain the Q value of the joint constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope.

[0084] Here, the Q value of the combined constraint of amplitude, phase, and envelope includes the Q value corresponding to each trace. Based on the relationship between the offset of each trace and the well depth, the curve of the Q value changing with the well depth can be statistically analyzed to evaluate the sealing quality at different well depths.

[0085] In addition, based on fiber optic monitoring data at different monitoring times after grouting, Q values ​​at different times can be obtained according to steps S1-S6 to evaluate the sealing quality effect as the grout solidification time progresses.

[0086] This embodiment takes the impact signal at the grouting hole opening obtained from distributed optical fiber detection as its starting point. The vibration signal undergoes preprocessing such as noise reduction and filtering. Based on this preprocessing, the coupling medium quality factor is inverted according to the amplitude, phase, and envelope of the seismic wave. By quantifying the absorption characteristics of the coupling medium on wave energy, the solidification state of the grout at different depths in the hole before and after grouting is reflected, thereby quantifying the sealing quality. Traditional sealing quality evaluation methods (such as sonic logging and pressure testing) suffer from low spatial resolution, high cost, and inability to monitor in real time. Compared with traditional technologies, this application overcomes the bottlenecks of traditional methods in terms of resolution, real-time performance, and quantification, achieving high-precision, low-cost, and full-lifecycle monitoring of sealing quality.

[0087] In one embodiment, step S5, generating an amplitude-based Q-value constructor based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude decay model, includes:

[0088] Instantaneous amplitude includes the instantaneous amplitude of multiple channels. For each channel, the instantaneous amplitude at all times within the time window constitutes the amplitude spectrum of the channel.

[0089] Let any channel be denoted as the observation channel; according to the amplitude attenuation model, determine the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observation channel using the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] Where A(f) is the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observation channel, A0(f) is the amplitude spectrum of the reference channel, f is the frequency, Δt is the time difference of the wave propagating from the reference channel to the observation channel, and Q is the quality factor of the fiber coupling medium; the reference channel is one of all channels, for example, it can be the first channel.

[0092] The mean square error between the amplitude spectrum of the observation channel and the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum A(f) is calculated and used as the amplitude-based Q-value constructor L for the observation channel. amp .

[0093] In one embodiment, step S5, generating a phase-based constructor based on the instantaneous phase, includes:

[0094] The instantaneous phase includes the instantaneous phase of each track;

[0095] Let any trace be denoted as the observation trace; calculate the mean square error between the instantaneous phase of the observation trace and the instantaneous phase of the reference trace, and use it as the phase-based constructor L for the observation trace. phase .

[0096] In one embodiment, step S5, generating an envelope-based constructor based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions, includes:

[0097] The spectrum includes the spectrum of each channel;

[0098] For each channel, determine the signal envelope based on the spectrum and the peak time of the signal envelope; denote any channel as the observation channel; determine the ratio of the peak time of the signal envelope of the observation channel to the peak time of the signal envelope of the reference channel, and denote it as the observation channel ratio;

[0099] When Q→∞, the theoretical ratio is 1, where Q is the quality factor of the fiber coupling medium.

[0100] The mean square error between the observed channel ratio and the theoretical ratio is calculated and used as the envelope-based constructor L for the observed channel. env As a penalty.

[0101] In one embodiment, step S5, the joint loss function is:

[0102] L Q =ω1L amp +ω2L phase +ω3L env

[0103] Among them, L Q For the joint loss function, L amp To construct a Q-value based on amplitude, L phase For phase-based constructors, L envFor the envelope-based constructor, ω1 + ω2 + ω3 = 1, where ω1 is L. amp The weights, ω2 is L phase The weights, ω3 is L env The weights are adjusted based on data quality; for high signal-to-noise ratio data, ω1 is increased, and for low signal-to-noise ratio data, ω3 is increased.

[0104] In the above embodiments, multi-physics joint modeling with amplitude, phase, and envelope broadening provides stronger noise resistance and higher inversion accuracy.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept as the fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method used for aperture sealing quality detection, this embodiment also provides a corresponding fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion device for aperture sealing quality detection. Figure 2 A block diagram of an optical fiber coupled medium quality factor inversion device for sealing quality detection is shown. See [link / reference]. Figure 2 The device includes:

[0106] The initial arrival pickup and interception module performs initial arrival pickup of the direct wave of vibration signal from the fiber optic monitoring data, and intercepts the fiber optic monitoring data based on the initial arrival pickup of the direct wave to obtain the vibration signal;

[0107] The amplitude compensation module performs amplitude compensation on the vibration signal based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal.

[0108] The bandpass filter module is used to perform bandpass filtering on the compensated vibration signal to obtain the filtered vibration signal;

[0109] The Hilbert transform module is used to truncate the filtered vibration signal according to the calculation time window length to obtain the truncated signal; perform Hilbert transform on the truncated signal to generate an analytical signal; and calculate the instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase and spectrum based on the analytical signal.

[0110] The joint loss function generation module is used to generate an amplitude-based Q-value constructor based on instantaneous amplitude and amplitude attenuation model; a phase-based constructor based on instantaneous phase; an envelope-based constructor based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions; and a joint loss function based on the amplitude-based Q-value constructor, the phase-based constructor, and the envelope-based constructor. The Q-value is the fiber coupling medium quality factor.

[0111] The inversion module is used to invert the joint loss function using the L-BFGS-B optimized inversion algorithm to obtain the Q value of the joint constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope.

[0112] The fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion device for hole sealing quality detection in this embodiment has the same inventive concept as the fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection described above. Therefore, the specific implementation of this device can be found in the embodiment section of the fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection described above, and its technical effects correspond to the technical effects of the above method, so it will not be repeated here.

[0113] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method for inverting the quality factor of an optical fiber coupled medium for detecting the quality of sealing holes.

[0114] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following technical effects:

[0115] 1. Distributed optical fiber combines corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, and long lifespan, supporting full life-cycle monitoring of grouting, cementing, and wellbore service. Using distributed optical fiber for grouting and sealing quality evaluation eliminates the need for drilling stoppages or segmented operations, enabling real-time early warning and precise location of sealing defects, thus enhancing engineering applicability.

[0116] 2. Traditional Q-value estimation methods typically rely on single-physics field features, which are prone to significant deviations under low signal-to-noise ratio or complex wave field interference. By constructing a weighted loss function coupled with multiple physics fields, the amplitude attenuation model (revealing the high-frequency energy absorption law), the phase delay model (reflecting the dispersion effect), and the envelope broadening model (characterizing waveform time-domain distortion) are synergistically optimized. Compared to traditional single-field inversion methods, where the directions of multi-physics field features sensitive to noise are orthogonal, the amplitude feature is significantly affected by random noise, while the phase delay and envelope broadening are more sensitive to systematic errors. Through weight allocation, noise interference in DAS data can be effectively suppressed.

[0117] 3. Compared with existing technologies, this application breaks through the bottlenecks of traditional methods in terms of spatial continuity, detection accuracy and real-time performance. By replacing multiple traditional logging operations with a single deployment, the detection cost is reduced, providing a high-precision, low-cost, and full-cycle technical solution for well sealing quality evaluation, which has significant prospects for industry application.

[0118] The above descriptions are merely various embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for inverting the quality factor of an optical fiber coupled medium for detecting the quality of sealing holes, characterized in that, include: The fiber optic monitoring data is subjected to direct wave arrival pickup of vibration signal, and the fiber optic monitoring data is truncated based on the direct wave arrival pickup to obtain the vibration signal; The vibration signal is amplitude compensated based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal; The compensated vibration signal is bandpass filtered to obtain the filtered vibration signal; The filtered vibration signal is truncated according to the calculation time window length to obtain the truncated signal; the truncated signal is subjected to Hilbert transform to generate an analytical signal; and the instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase and spectrum are calculated based on the analytical signal. Based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude attenuation model, an amplitude-based Q-value constructor is generated; based on the instantaneous phase, a phase-based constructor is generated; based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions, an envelope-based constructor is generated; a joint loss function is generated based on the amplitude-based Q-value constructor, the phase-based constructor, and the envelope-based constructor; the Q-value is the fiber coupling medium quality factor. The joint loss function is inverted using the L-BFGS-B optimization inversion algorithm to obtain the Q value of the joint constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope; The step of generating a phase-based constructor based on the instantaneous phase includes: The instantaneous phase includes the instantaneous phase of each channel; Let any channel be denoted as the observation channel; calculate the mean square error between the instantaneous phase of the observation channel and the instantaneous phase of the reference channel, and use it as the phase-based constructor of the observation channel. ; The step of generating an envelope-based constructor based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions includes: The spectrum includes the spectrum of each channel; For each channel, the signal envelope is determined based on the spectrum, and the peak time of the signal envelope is determined; Any channel is designated as the observation channel; the ratio of the peak time of the signal envelope of the observation channel to the peak time of the signal envelope of the reference channel is determined and designated as the observation channel ratio. When Q→∞, the theoretical ratio is 1, where Q is the quality factor of the fiber coupling medium. The mean square error between the observed channel ratio and the theoretical ratio is calculated and used as an envelope-based constructor for the observed channel. .

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The fiber optic monitoring data is subjected to direct wave arrival pickup of vibration signals, and the fiber optic monitoring data is truncated based on the direct wave arrival pickup to obtain vibration signals, including: The fiber optic monitoring data includes data from multiple channels; The first arrival of the direct wave of the vibration signal is picked up for the data of each channel to obtain the first arrival of the direct wave of each channel; Calculate the average value of the first arrival of the direct waves from all channels as the signal interception marker time; Using a time window set before and after the signal interception mark as the interception window, data from each channel is intercepted to obtain the vibration signal of each channel.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The vibration signal is amplitude compensated based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal, including: The vibration signal includes vibration signals from multiple channels; Calculate the amplitude compensation coefficient for each channel: in, For the first The amplitude compensation coefficient of each channel, For the first The offset of each track; The vibration signal of each track is compensated by applying the corresponding amplitude compensation coefficient to obtain the compensated vibration signal of each track.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, Based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude decay model, an amplitude-based Q-value constructor is generated, including: The instantaneous amplitude includes the instantaneous amplitude of multiple channels. For each channel, the instantaneous amplitude at all times within the calculation window constitutes the amplitude spectrum of that channel. Let any channel be denoted as the observation channel; according to the amplitude attenuation model, determine the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observation channel using the following formula: in, The theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observed channel. For the amplitude spectrum of the reference channel, For frequency, Let Q be the time difference of wave propagation from the reference channel to the observation channel, and let Q be the quality factor of the fiber coupling medium. Calculate the amplitude spectrum of the observation channel and the theoretically attenuated reference amplitude spectrum of the observation channel. The mean square error is used as the amplitude-based Q-value constructor for the observation channel. .

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The joint loss function is: in, For the joint loss function, Construct a Q-value constructor based on amplitude. For phase-based constructors, For envelope-based constructors, + + =1, for The weight, for The weight, for The weight.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on fiber optic monitoring data at different monitoring times, the Q-values ​​of the combined constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope at different monitoring times are obtained.

7. A fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion device for sealing quality detection, characterized in that, To implement the method according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising: The initial arrival pickup and interception module performs initial arrival pickup of the direct wave of vibration signal from the fiber optic monitoring data, and intercepts the fiber optic monitoring data based on the initial arrival pickup of the direct wave to obtain the vibration signal; The amplitude compensation module performs amplitude compensation on the vibration signal based on the principle of spherical diffusion compensation to obtain the compensated vibration signal. A bandpass filter module is used to perform bandpass filtering on the compensated vibration signal to obtain a filtered vibration signal. The Hilbert transform module is used to truncate the filtered vibration signal according to the calculation time window length to obtain a truncated signal; perform a Hilbert transform on the truncated signal to generate an analytical signal; and calculate the instantaneous amplitude, instantaneous phase, and spectrum based on the analytical signal. The joint loss function generation module is used to generate an amplitude-based Q-value constructor based on the instantaneous amplitude and amplitude attenuation model; generate a phase-based constructor based on the instantaneous phase; generate an envelope-based constructor based on the relative delay broadening effect of the spectrum and envelope peak positions; and generate a joint loss function based on the amplitude-based Q-value constructor, the phase-based constructor, and the envelope-based constructor; wherein the Q-value is the fiber coupling medium quality factor. The inversion module is used to invert the joint loss function using the L-BFGS-B optimized inversion algorithm to obtain the Q value of the joint constraints of amplitude, phase, and envelope.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the fiber-coupled medium quality factor inversion method for hole sealing quality detection as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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