Underground cable and conduit penetration water and fire resistant seal

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of underground cable installation, and discloses a waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cable and pipeline penetration, which comprises a mounting plate, an outer shell fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate, a first fixing rod fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting plate, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the end of the first fixing rod away from the mounting plate, a rubber air bag sleeved on the side of the first fixing rod close to the fixing plate, and a push plate sleeved on the side of the first fixing rod away from the fixing plate. The application belongs to the technical field of cable and pipeline penetration. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cable and pipeline penetration is characterized in that the worm drives the clamping plates to clamp and fix the cable, the cable is fixed by the multiple clamping plates, the clamping plates can be adjusted at more positions, the clamping plates are more suitable for cables with different diameters, the clamping of the cable and the sealing of the pipeline are sequentially performed, the technical personnel do not need to perform too many operations, and only need to screw the worm, so that the operation is more convenient and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground cable installation technology, and more specifically, to a waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes. Background Technology

[0002] Cable and pipe penetration sealing components are devices that fix pipes to the wall after they pass through it, ensuring effective isolation between the medium and the outside world. This prevents mutual interference between different rooms or environments on both sides of the wall through which the pipe passes. They isolate temperature, moisture, smoke, and even flames on both sides of the wall through which the pipe passes. Cable and pipe penetration sealing components are widely used in shipbuilding, marine engineering, petrochemicals, power and telecommunications, national defense, sewage treatment, and industrial and civil buildings.

[0003] When sealing cable ducts, cables come in various sizes and types, requiring clamping to secure them and prevent loosening or movement inside the duct. Current sealing structures typically consist of two semi-circular mounting rings on the outside and multiple pairs of inner arc plates on the inside. Increasing or decreasing the number of inner arc plates allows for clamping and securing cables of different thicknesses. However, since the inner arc plates have a certain thickness and cables vary in thickness, adding a set of inner arc plates may result in an insufficient inner diameter for the cable to fit, while removing a set may lead to an excessive inner diameter for the cable to adhere properly, reducing overall versatility. We offer a waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables penetrating ducts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes to pass through, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Existing sealing structures consist of two semi-circular mounting rings on the outside and multiple pairs of inner arc plates on the inside. By increasing or decreasing the number of inner arc plates, the purpose of clamping and fixing cables of different thicknesses can be achieved. However, since the inner arc plates have a certain thickness and the cables vary in thickness, there may be situations where adding a set of inner arc plates results in an inner diameter that is too small, preventing the cable from being inserted, while removing a set of inner arc plates results in an inner diameter that is too large, preventing the cable from fitting properly with the inner arc plates. This reduces the overall versatility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes includes a mounting plate. A housing is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate, and eight first fixing rods are fixedly connected to the other side. Each first fixing rod has a fixing plate fixedly connected to its outer end away from the mounting plate. A rubber airbag is fitted onto the outer side of the first fixing rod near the fixing plate, and a push plate is fitted onto the outer side of the first fixing rod away from the fixing plate. Both the push plate and the rubber airbag are slidably connected to the first fixing rod. A first groove is formed inside the mounting plate on the side away from the first fixing rod, and six sliders are slidably connected inside the first groove. Six sliders are symmetrically distributed, and a clamping plate is fixedly connected to the outside of each slider. A transmission mechanism is provided on one side of the clamping plate, and a pushing mechanism is provided on the other side. Under the action of the transmission mechanism, the pushing mechanism drives the push plate to compress the rubber airbags, thereby sealing the cable and pipe with the rubber airbags.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a first rotating plate, which is rotatably connected to the outer shell. A second rotating plate is slidably connected between the first rotating plate and the clamping plate. A first sliding groove is provided inside the second rotating plate and on one side of the clamping plate. A first sliding rod is slidably connected inside the first sliding groove. The first sliding rod is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. When the first rotating plate rotates, it can drive the second rotating plate to rotate as a whole under the action of the internal gear ring, the external gear ring, and the gear. The second rotating plate then squeezes the first sliding rod through the first sliding groove, thereby driving the clamping plate to move and using the clamping plate to clamp and fix the cable.

[0007] Preferably, the second rotating plate has three second grooves symmetrically distributed inside. A second fixing rod is fixedly connected to the second rotating plate inside each groove. An internal gear ring is slidably connected to the second fixing rod. An external gear ring is integrally formed with the second rotating plate on the side of the second groove away from the second fixing rod. A gear is rotatably connected to the outside of the first rotating plate. Although the gear can rotate on the first rotating plate, the friction between the gear and the first rotating plate is much greater than the sum of the friction of other components. That is, when the first rotating plate rotates, it can drive the second rotating plate to rotate as a whole under the action of the internal gear ring, external gear ring, and gear until the clamping plate is in contact with the cable. Before this, there will be no automatic misalignment between the internal gear ring, external gear ring, and gear. Both the internal and external gear rings are meshed with the gear. The second fixing rod has an arc-shaped structure, with its center the same as the center of the second rotating plate. This prevents the internal gear ring, fitted outside the second fixing rod, from jamming during rotation.

[0008] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a push rod, which is fixedly connected to a push plate. A first through groove is formed inside the clamping plate, and a first movable plate is slidably connected inside the first through groove. The push rod vertically penetrates the clamping plate and extends into the first through groove, and is slidably connected to the clamping plate. The first movable plate is fixedly connected to the push rod. A second movable plate is sleeved on the outside of the clamping plate, and is slidably connected to the clamping plate. A second through groove is formed inside the second movable plate, and the first movable plate passes through the first through groove and extends into the second through groove. The first movable plate and the second movable plate are slidably connected. A push block is fixedly connected to the outside of the second movable plate and on one side of the internal gear ring. The push block cooperates with the internal gear ring. The outer side of the push block near the internal gear ring is inclined, and the overall cross-section of the push block is a U-shaped structure to prevent the push block from engaging and jamming with the second fixed rod.

[0009] Preferably, a tension spring is sleeved on the outside of the push rod and between the clamping plate and the push plate. One end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the clamping plate, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the push plate. Under the tension of the tension spring, the second movable plate tends to automatically move closer to the second rotating plate.

[0010] Preferably, the second movable plate has a first limiting groove inside and on both sides of the first movable plate. A first limiting block is slidably connected inside the first limiting groove. The first limiting block is fixedly connected to the first movable plate. The first limiting groove and the first limiting block limit the distance between the first movable plate and the second movable plate. The first movable plate has a second limiting groove inside and a second limiting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the first movable plate. The second limiting groove and the second limiting block work together to fit the six clamping plates together. Correspondingly, the six first movable plates also fit together. Adjacent first movable plates are connected and limited by the second limiting groove and the second limiting block.

[0011] Preferably, a worm gear is rotatably connected inside the outer shell, and hexagonal heads are fixedly connected to both ends of the worm gear. A worm wheel is fixedly connected to the outside of the first rotating plate, and the worm wheel meshes with the worm gear. The hexagonal heads allow technicians to rotate the worm gear using tools. When the worm gear rotates, it can drive the first rotating plate to rotate through the worm wheel. The worm gear and the worm wheel have a self-locking characteristic, meaning that the worm wheel can only rotate when the worm gear rotates, thereby ensuring the stability of the first rotating plate.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting plate, fixing plate, rubber airbag, push plate, first rotating plate, second rotating plate and second movable plate are all annular structures. The outer shell also has a circular through hole at its center, which is mainly used for the cable to pass through. After the cable passes through in sequence, the sealing structure is placed inside the pipe. The push plate and fixing plate squeeze the rubber airbag, so that the outer side of the rubber airbag is in contact with the inner wall of the pipe and the inner side of the rubber airbag is in contact with the outer wall of the cable, thus achieving a sealing effect.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) When using the waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes, turning the worm gear in the forward direction causes the first rotating plate to rotate via the internal gear ring, external gear ring, and gears, driving the second rotating plate to rotate. The second rotating plate, through the first sliding groove and the first sliding rod, drives the clamping plate to clamp and fix the cable. At this time, the clamping plate cannot move, and the external gear ring also cannot move. As the technician continues to turn the worm gear, the first rotating plate continues to rotate. Since the external gear ring is stationary, the gears begin to rotate, driving the internal gear ring to move. The internal gear ring squeezes the push block, which moves via the second movable plate and the first movable plate. The first movable plate, through the push rod, drives the push plate to press against the rubber airbag. The rubber bladder is compressed so that its outer side fits against the inner wall of the pipe, and its inner side fits against the outer wall of the cable, achieving a seal. At this point, the inner gear ring cannot move. The technician continues to turn the worm gear, and the gear drives the second rotating plate to rotate again through the outer gear ring, which in turn drives the clamping plate to clamp and fix the cable for the final time. Using multiple clamping plates to fix the cable is more convenient, and the clamping plates can be adjusted to more positions, which is more conducive to adapting to cables of different thicknesses. Furthermore, the clamping of the cable and the sealing of the pipe are performed sequentially, requiring the technician to perform only a few operations, such as turning the worm gear, making the operation more convenient and faster.

[0014] 2) When the underground cable and pipe penetration waterproof and fireproof sealing structure is in use, because the six clamping plates are in contact with each other, the six first movable plates are also in contact with each other. The two adjacent first movable plates are connected and limited by the second limiting groove and the second limiting block. The second limiting groove is opened inside one of the first movable plates, close to the side of the other first movable plate. The second limiting block is set inside the second limiting groove. The outer side wall of the second limiting block is in contact with the inner side wall of the second limiting groove, and the second limiting block can slide back and forth inside the second limiting groove. The second limiting block is fixed to one of the first movable plates, which makes it more stable when the second movable plate moves the six first movable plates together.

[0015] 3) When the underground cable and pipe penetration waterproof and fireproof sealing structure is in use, a tension spring is installed between the clamping plate and the push plate. The tension spring is directly sleeved on the outside of the push rod. One end of the tension spring is fixed to the clamping plate and the other end is fixed to the push plate. Under the tension of the tension spring, the second movable plate has the tendency to automatically approach the second rotating plate, which is conducive to the automatic return of the second movable plate. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the entire invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second rotating plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first slide bar of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the worm gear structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second movable plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first movable plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first through groove of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Outer shell; 3. First fixing rod; 4. Fixing plate; 5. Rubber airbag; 6. Push plate; 7. First groove; 8. Slider; 9. Clamping plate; 10. Transmission mechanism; 1001. First rotating plate; 1002. Second rotating plate; 1003. First sliding groove; 1004. First sliding rod; 1005. Second groove; 1006. Second fixing rod; 1007. Internal gear ring; 1008. Outer... Gear ring; 1009, Gear; 11, Pushing mechanism; 1101, Push rod; 1102, First through slot; 1103, First movable plate; 1104, Second movable plate; 1105, Second through slot; 1106, Push block; 1107, First limiting slot; 1108, First limiting block; 1109, Second limiting slot; 1110, Second limiting block; 1111, Tension spring; 12, Worm gear; 13, Hexagonal head; 14, Worm wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 11 A waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes includes a mounting plate 1. A housing 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate 1, and a first fixing rod 3 is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting plate 1. A total of eight first fixing rods 3 are symmetrically distributed around the mounting plate 1. A fixing plate 4 is fixedly connected to the outer end of each first fixing rod 3 away from the mounting plate 1. A rubber airbag 5 is fitted onto the outer side of each first fixing rod 3 near the fixing plate 4, and a push plate 6 is fitted onto the outer side of each first fixing rod 3 away from the fixing plate 4. The rubber airbag 5 is located between the push plate 6 and the fixing plate 4. Both the push plate 6 and the rubber airbag 5 are slidably connected to the first fixing rod 3. A first groove 7 is provided on the side of the inside of the first fixed rod 3 away from the first fixed rod 3. A slider 8 is slidably connected inside the first groove 7. There are six sliders 8 in total, and the six sliders 8 are symmetrically distributed. The first groove 7 and the sliders 8 play the role of limiting the position of the clamping plate 9. The six first grooves 7 are interconnected to form a regular hexagonal structure. The clamping plate 9 is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider 8. A transmission mechanism 10 is provided on one side of the clamping plate 9, and a pushing mechanism 11 is provided on the other side of the clamping plate 9. Under the action of the transmission mechanism 10, the pushing mechanism 11 drives the push plate 6 to squeeze the rubber airbag 5, and uses the rubber airbag 5 to seal the cable and the pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism 10 includes a first rotating plate 1001, which is rotatably connected to the outer shell 2. A second rotating plate 1002 is slidably connected between the first rotating plate 1001 and the clamping plate 9. A first sliding groove 1003 is provided inside the second rotating plate 1002 and on one side of the clamping plate 9. A first sliding rod 1004 is slidably connected inside the first sliding groove 1003. The first sliding rod 1004 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 9. When the first rotating plate 1001 rotates, it can drive the second rotating plate 1002 to rotate as a whole under the action of the internal gear ring 1007, the external gear ring 1008 and the gear 1009. The second rotating plate 1002 then squeezes the first sliding rod 1004 through the first sliding groove 1003, thereby driving the clamping plate 9 to move. The clamping plate 9 is used to clamp and fix the cable. Since the position of the clamping plate 9 is adjustable, the sealing structure as a whole can adapt to cables of different thicknesses.

[0021] Furthermore, the second rotating plate 1002 has three second grooves 1005 symmetrically distributed inside. A second fixing rod 1006 is installed inside each groove 1005 and is fixedly connected to the second rotating plate 1002. An internal gear ring 1007 is fitted around the outside of the second fixing rod 1006 and is slidably connected to it. An external gear ring 1008 is installed on the side of the second groove 1005 away from the second fixing rod 1006 and is integrally formed with the second rotating plate 1002. A gear 1009 is rotatably connected to the outside of the first rotating plate 1001. Although the gear 1009 can rotate on the first rotating plate 1001, it is not directly connected to the first rotating plate 1001. The friction between them is much greater than the sum of the friction of other components. That is to say, when the first rotating plate 1001 rotates, it can drive the second rotating plate 1002 to rotate as a whole under the action of the inner gear ring 1007, the outer gear ring 1008 and the gear 1009 until the clamping plate 9 is in contact with the cable. Before that, there will be no automatic misalignment between the inner gear ring 1007, the outer gear ring 1008 and the gear 1009. The inner gear ring 1007 and the outer gear ring 1008 are both meshed with the gear 1009. The second fixing rod 1006 has an arc-shaped structure and its center is the same as the center of the second rotating plate 1002. This makes it so that the inner gear ring 1007 sleeved outside the second fixing rod 1006 will not get stuck when rotating. Correspondingly, the centers of the inner gear ring 1007 and the outer gear ring 1008 are the same as the center of the second rotating plate 1002.

[0022] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism 11 includes a push rod 1101, which is fixedly connected to the push plate 6. A first through groove 1102 is formed inside the clamping plate 9, and a first movable plate 1103 is slidably connected inside the first through groove 1102. The push rod 1101 vertically penetrates the clamping plate 9 and extends into the first through groove 1102. The push rod 1101 is slidably connected to the clamping plate 9. The first movable plate 1103 is fixedly connected to the push rod 1101. A second movable plate 1104 is sleeved on the outside of the clamping plate 9, and the second movable plate 1104 is slidably connected to the clamping plate 9. A second through groove 1105 is formed inside the second movable plate 1104. The movable plate 1103 passes through the first through groove 1102 and extends into the interior of the second through groove 1105. The first movable plate 1103 and the second movable plate 1104 are slidably connected. A push block 1106 is fixedly connected to the outside of the second movable plate 1104 and to one side of the internal gear ring 1007. The push block 1106 works in conjunction with the internal gear ring 1007. The outside of the push block 1106 is inclined on the side of the internal gear ring 1007, which makes the push block 1106 approximately a right trapezoidal structure when viewed from the side. The overall cross-section of the push block 1106 is a U-shaped structure to prevent the push block 1106 from hitting and jamming with the second fixed rod 1006.

[0023] Furthermore, a tension spring 1111 is sleeved on the outside of the push rod 1101 and between the clamping plate 9 and the push plate 6. One end of the tension spring 1111 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 9, and the other end of the tension spring 1111 is fixedly connected to the push plate 6. Under the tension of the tension spring 1111, the second movable plate 1104 tends to automatically approach the second rotating plate 1002, which is beneficial to the automatic return of the second movable plate 1104. Initially, there is a certain distance between the inner gear ring 1007 and the push block 1106. When the clamping plate 9 is pressed against the cable, the inner gear ring 1007 will not contact the push block 1106.

[0024] Furthermore, a first limiting groove 1107 is provided inside the second movable plate 1104 and on each of the corresponding two sides of the first movable plate 1103. A first limiting block 1108 is slidably connected inside the first limiting groove 1107. The first limiting block 1108 is fixedly connected to the first movable plate 1103. The first limiting groove 1107 and the first limiting block 1108 limit the movement between the first movable plate 1103 and the second movable plate 1104. A second limiting groove is provided inside the first movable plate 1103. 1109, the first movable plate 1103 is externally fixedly connected to a second limiting block 1110. The second limiting groove 1109 and the second limiting block 1110 work together. The six clamping plates 9 are in contact with each other. Correspondingly, the six first movable plates 1103 are also in contact with each other. The two adjacent first movable plates 1103 are connected and limited by the second limiting groove 1109 and the second limiting block 1110. This makes the second movable plate 1104 more stable when it drives the six first movable plates 1103 to move together.

[0025] Furthermore, a worm gear 12 is rotatably connected inside the outer casing 2, and hexagonal heads 13 are fixedly connected to both ends of the worm gear 12. A worm wheel 14 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first rotating plate 1001, and the worm wheel 14 meshes with the worm gear 12. The hexagonal heads 13 facilitate technicians to rotate the worm gear 12 with tools. When the worm gear 12 rotates, it can drive the first rotating plate 1001 to rotate through the worm wheel 14. The worm gear 12 and the worm wheel 14 have a self-locking characteristic, that is, the worm wheel 14 can only rotate when the worm gear 12 rotates, thereby ensuring the stability of the first rotating plate 1001 and preventing the first rotating plate 1001 from rotating on its own.

[0026] Furthermore, the mounting plate 1, fixing plate 4, rubber airbag 5, push plate 6, first rotating plate 1001, second rotating plate 1002, and second movable plate 1104 are all annular structures. The outer shell 2 also has a circular through hole at its center, which is mainly used for the cable to pass through. After the cable passes through in sequence, the sealing structure is placed inside the pipe. The push plate 6, in conjunction with the fixing plate 4, compresses the rubber airbag 5, so that the outer side of the rubber airbag 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the pipe, and the inner side of the rubber airbag 5 is in contact with the outer wall of the cable, thus achieving the purpose of sealing and waterproofing. In addition, the rubber airbag 5 is made of fire-retardant rubber and also has a fire-retardant effect.

[0027] The steps for using this invention are as follows: When using the underground cable and pipe penetration waterproof and fireproof sealing structure, technicians insert the cable through the circular through-hole on one side of the outer casing 2, and sequentially pass through the first rotating plate 1001, the second rotating plate 1002, the second movable plate 1104, the mounting plate 1, the push plate 6, and the rubber airbag 5, finally exiting from the fixed plate 4. The sealing structure and cable are then placed inside the pipe. Using a tool with a hexagonal head 13, the worm gear 12 is turned clockwise. The worm gear 12 drives the first rotating plate 1001 to rotate via the worm wheel 14. The first rotating plate 1001, through the internal gear ring 1007, the external gear ring 1008, and the gear 1009, drives the second rotating plate 1002 to rotate, causing the second rotating plate to rotate... Plate 1002 presses against the first slide rod 1004 through the inner wall of the first slide groove 1003. The pressed first slide rod 1004 drives the clamping plate 9 to move, bringing it closer to the cable until it is firmly pressed against it. The clamping plate 9 then clamps and secures the cable, preventing further movement. It then exerts a reaction force on the second rotating plate 1002 through the first slide groove 1003 and the first slide rod 1004, preventing further rotation. Correspondingly, the external gear ring 1008 on the second rotating plate 1002 also cannot move. As the technician continues to turn the worm gear 12 forward, the first rotating plate 1001 will also continue to rotate. As the outer gear ring 1008 remains stationary, the gear 1009 on the first rotating plate 1001 begins to rotate. The gear 1009 then drives the inner gear ring 1007 to move on the second fixed rod 1006, causing the inner gear ring 1007 to press against the push block 1106. The push block 1106 then drives the second movable plate 1104 to move, which in turn drives the first movable plate 1103 to move. This causes the first movable plate 1103 to push the push plate 6 via the push rod 1101, pressing against the rubber airbag 5. The rubber airbag 5 deforms under pressure, causing its outer side to adhere to the inner wall of the pipe, while its inner side adheres to the outer wall of the cable, thus achieving a sealing effect. At this point, the inner gear ring 1007, subjected to the reaction force, cannot move. When the technician continues to turn the worm gear 12 forward, the gear 1009 can drive the second rotating plate 1002 to rotate again through the outer gear ring 1008, and drive the clamping plate 9 to perform the final clamping and fixing of the cable. Compared with the traditional sealing structure that clamps and fixes the cable through multiple sets of inner arc plates, it is more convenient to fix the cable using multiple clamping plates 9. Moreover, the clamping plate 9 has more adjustable positions, which is more conducive to adapting to cables of different thicknesses. Furthermore, the clamping of the cable and the sealing of the pipe are performed sequentially. Technicians do not need to perform too many operations, but only need to turn the worm gear 12, making the operation more convenient and faster.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes, comprising a mounting plate (1), wherein a housing (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate (1), and a first fixing rod (3) is fixedly connected to the other side of the mounting plate (1), characterized in that: A fixing plate (4) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the first fixing rod (3) away from the mounting plate (1). A rubber airbag (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the first fixing rod (3) near the fixing plate (4). A push plate (6) is sleeved on the outer side of the first fixing rod (3) away from the fixing plate (4). The push plate (6) and the rubber airbag (5) are slidably connected to the first fixing rod (3). A first groove (7) is opened on the inner side of the mounting plate (1) away from the first fixing rod (3). A slider (8) is slidably connected inside the first groove (7). There are six sliders (8) in total. The six sliders (8) are symmetrically distributed. A clamping plate (9) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the slider (8). A transmission mechanism (10) is provided on one side of the clamping plate (9). A pushing mechanism (11) is provided on the other side of the clamping plate (9).

2. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (10) includes a first rotating plate (1001), which is rotatably connected to the outer shell (2). A second rotating plate (1002) is slidably connected between the first rotating plate (1001) and the clamping plate (9). A first sliding groove (1003) is provided inside the second rotating plate (1002) and on one side of the clamping plate (9). A first sliding rod (1004) is slidably connected inside the first sliding groove (1003). The first sliding rod (1004) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (9).

3. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The second rotating plate (1002) has a second groove (1005) inside. There are three second grooves (1005) in total, and the three second grooves (1005) are symmetrically distributed. A second fixing rod (1006) is provided inside the second groove (1005). The second fixing rod (1006) is fixedly connected to the second rotating plate (1002). An internal gear ring (1007) is sleeved on the outside of the second fixing rod (1006). The internal gear ring (1007) is slidably connected to the second fixing rod (1006). An external gear ring (1008) is provided on the side of the second groove (1005) away from the second fixing rod (1006). The external gear ring (1008) is integrally formed with the second rotating plate (1002). A gear (1009) is rotatably connected to the outside of the first rotating plate (1001). The internal gear ring (1007) and the external gear ring (1008) are both meshed with the gear (1009).

4. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (11) includes a push rod (1101), which is fixedly connected to the push plate (6). A first through groove (1102) is provided inside the clamping plate (9). A first movable plate (1103) is slidably connected inside the first through groove (1102). The push rod (1101) vertically penetrates the clamping plate (9) and extends into the first through groove (1102). The push rod (1101) is slidably connected to the clamping plate (9). The first movable plate (1103) is fixedly connected to the push rod (1101). A second movable plate is sleeved on the outside of the clamping plate (9). (1104), the second movable plate (1104) is slidably connected to the clamping plate (9), the second movable plate (1104) has a second through groove (1105) inside, the first movable plate (1103) passes through the first through groove (1102) and extends into the second through groove (1105), the first movable plate (1103) is slidably connected to the second movable plate (1104), and a push block (1106) is fixedly connected to the outside of the second movable plate (1104) and on one side of the internal gear ring (1007), the push block (1106) is used in conjunction with the internal gear ring (1007).

5. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A tension spring (1111) is sleeved outside the push rod (1101) and between the clamping plate (9) and the push plate (6). One end of the tension spring (1111) is fixedly connected to the clamping plate (9), and the other end of the tension spring (1111) is fixedly connected to the push plate (6).

6. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The second movable plate (1104) has a first limiting groove (1107) inside and on the corresponding two sides of the first movable plate (1103). The first limiting groove (1107) is slidably connected to a first limiting block (1108). The first limiting block (1108) is fixedly connected to the first movable plate (1103). The first movable plate (1103) has a second limiting groove (1109) inside and a second limiting block (1110) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first movable plate (1103). The second limiting groove (1109) and the second limiting block (1110) are used in conjunction.

7. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The worm gear (12) is rotatably connected inside the outer shell (2), and hexagonal heads (13) are fixedly connected to both ends of the worm gear (12). A worm wheel (14) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first rotating plate (1001), and the worm wheel (14) meshes with the worm gear (12).

8. The waterproof and fireproof sealing structure for underground cables and pipes as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting plate (1), fixing plate (4), rubber airbag (5), push plate (6), first rotating plate (1001), second rotating plate (1002) and second movable plate (1104) are all ring structures.

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