A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of monolithic titanium electrodes and a forming method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic machine, especially relates to a ten-thousand-ton hydraulic machine for whole titanium electrode semi-continuous extrusion and a forming method, which comprises an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a column, a sliding block, an oil cylinder, an upper die punch switching assembly and a concave die; the column is connected between the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the column, the upper die punch switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the sliding block, and the concave die is connected to the top surface of the lower cross beam; the oil cylinder is provided with a position-adjustable main piston rod, the top of the oil cylinder is connected to the upper cross beam, the bottom of the main piston rod is formed with an arc-shaped groove, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is connected with a sliding hole, and a convex spherical surface pad is arranged between the sliding hole and the arc-shaped groove; the upper die punch switching assembly comprises an upper pressing head and a demolding head; the bottom end of the lower cross beam is provided with a support lower pressing head capable of being adjusted in lifting, and the support lower pressing head can be inserted into the concave die. The present application improves the forming efficiency and forming quality of the titanium electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic press technology, and in particular to a 10,000-ton hydraulic press and forming method for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demand for large-diameter titanium ingot electrodes has been increasing year by year. Due to the high forming strength of titanium electrodes, the forming tonnage required for pressing large-section diameter titanium electrodes has increased accordingly, and the hydraulic tonnage that meets the forming requirements needs to be increased to several thousand to tens of thousands of tons.

[0003] In the extrusion process of integral titanium electrodes, the commonly used method is to first press sponge titanium into electrode blocks, and then weld them together to form an integral electrode, which is then melted into titanium ingots. The disadvantages of this method are low efficiency and the weld joints can contaminate the electrode, affecting the purity of the titanium ingot after melting. It is not suitable for the high-quality requirements of aerospace titanium alloy forgings.

[0004] For large-tonnage titanium electrode extrusion hydraulic presses, traditional presses typically employ a multi-cylinder structure, where the combined force of multiple cylinders meets the forming tonnage requirements during loading. However, the titanium electrode extrusion forming process involves a concentrated load centered on the diameter of the titanium ingot being pressed. A multi-cylinder loading cylinder would subject the slide block to additional shearing, necessitating increased height and reinforcement to meet strength requirements. Furthermore, if the loading cylinder uses a single-cylinder, the transition between the cylinder bottom and cylinder barrel presents significant structural changes. The cylinder bottom bulges upwards under pressure, while the cylinder barrel expands outwards, easily leading to stress concentration, fatigue failure, and cylinder bottom cracks. Additionally, the single-cylinder structure complicates the machining of the hydraulic cylinder's inner wall, such as rolling and boring.

[0005] In addition, during the extrusion molding of titanium electrodes, due to the different particle sizes and the presence of stacking angles during feeding, there is an off-center load during pressing. This off-center load can cause scratches on the hydraulic cylinder that is rigidly connected to the slider, leading to seal failure. In contrast, the conventional spherical pad structure of the hydraulic cylinder is usually firmly pressed in actual operation and cannot achieve the effect of off-center load compensation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention provides a 10,000-ton hydraulic press and forming method for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, which solves the technical problems of low forming efficiency and weld point contamination affecting purity in the prior art. This invention improves the forming efficiency and forming quality of titanium electrodes through an upper die switching component, a die cavity, and a supporting lower pressure head.

[0007] This invention provides a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, comprising an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a column, a slider, a hydraulic cylinder, an upper die switching assembly, and a die. The column is connected between the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam, the slider is slidably mounted on the column, the upper die switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the slider, and the die is connected to the top surface of the lower crossbeam. The cylinder has a position-adjustable main piston rod, the top of the cylinder is connected to the upper crossbeam, the bottom of the main piston rod has an arc-shaped groove, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is connected to a sliding cavity, and a convex spherical pad is provided between the sliding cavity and the arc-shaped groove. The upper die switching assembly includes an upper pressure head and a demolding head; The bottom end of the lower crossbeam is provided with a liftable and adjustable support pressure head, which can extend into the die cavity.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that the cylinder includes an upper pad plate, a cylinder body, a lower pad plate, a main piston rod, and a plunger rod. The upper pad is connected to the top of the cylinder, the lower pad is connected to the bottom of the cylinder, the top surface of the upper pad is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam, the main piston rod slides inside the cylinder and its bottom end extends out of the lower pad, the main piston rod has a blind hole extending in the vertical direction, the plunger rod passes through the upper pad and is inserted into the blind hole, a first oil passage is formed inside the plunger rod, and the first oil passage is connected to an external oil tank; Oil is supplied to the first oil circuit through an external oil tank to drive the main piston rod to move downward, thereby causing the slider to slide downward.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention for a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes is that a first oil hole is provided near the top of the cylinder, and a second oil hole is provided on the lower pad plate. The first oil hole is connected to an external oil tank, and the second oil hole is connected to the external oil tank and the cylinder. The main piston rod includes a first rod segment, a second rod segment, a third rod segment, and a rod head formed sequentially. The distance between the bottom end of the first oil hole and the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam is less than or equal to the height of the first rod segment. The diameter of the first rod segment is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder. The second rod segment is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. The diameter of the third rod segment is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that a guide sleeve is provided at the bottom of the lower pad, and the main piston rod passes through the guide sleeve.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that the rod head and the sliding cavity are connected by a flange.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that it further includes a transition block and a tie rod. The transition block is disposed inside the upper crossbeam and connected to the upper pad plate. The upper pad plate and the upper crossbeam are connected by the tie rod.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that a forming cavity is formed at the center of the die, the forming cavity comprising a first feeding section, a second feeding section and a third feeding section arranged sequentially from bottom to top, the diameter of the first feeding section being smaller than the diameter of the third feeding section, the second feeding section being connected to the first feeding section and the third feeding section and being inclined, and the diameter of the supporting lower pressure head matching the diameter of the first feeding section.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that the upper press head includes a first connecting section, a first limb section and a first pressing section, the first pressing section being able to extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the first pressing section being pointed. The demolding head includes a second connecting section, a second limb section, and a second pressing section. The second pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the second pressing section is planar.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, is that a limit sleeve is provided on the column.

[0016] A method for forming an integral titanium electrode, wherein the forming method is performed using a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes as described above, includes the following steps: S1, the slider returns to its upper limit position, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom surface of the slider, the supporting lower pressure head extends upward to enter the die cavity, and sponge titanium bulk material is added inside the die cavity. The height of the sponge titanium bulk material is H1. The main piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends to drive the slider downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die cavity to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the first titanium electrode. The height of the first titanium electrode is H2. ; S2, the slider returns, sponge titanium bulk material is added into the cavity, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the cavity to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the second titanium electrode. The second titanium electrode and the first titanium electrode are nested and pressed together. At this time, the sum of the heights of the second titanium electrode and the first titanium electrode is 2H2. The supporting lower pressure head is adjusted downward to disengage from the cavity. S3, add loose titanium sponge material into the cavity, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the cavity to press the loose titanium sponge material; S4. Repeat step S3 several times until the entire titanium electrode is pressed. S5, replace the upper pressure head at the bottom of the slider with a demolding head, move the receiving device to the bottom of the integral titanium electrode and wait, the slider drives the demolding head to press down, separate the integral titanium electrode from the die, and the integral titanium electrode falls into the receiving device, and the processing of an integral titanium electrode is completed.

[0017] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: This invention abandons the multi-cylinder structure of traditional large-tonnage titanium electrode extrusion hydraulic presses, and, in line with the characteristics of the titanium electrode center load extrusion molding process, adopts a single 10,000-ton-level loading cylinder. The slider structure benefits from this simplified manufacturing process. Unlike conventional large-tonnage cylinder structures, the upper pad, cylinder body, and lower pad of this invention's cylinder are connected as a whole by pre-tensioning. As a pre-stressed structure, this avoids stress concentration caused by wall thickness variations at the bottom of conventional large-tonnage cylinders. In this invention, the cylinder is a separate structure, with a smooth, stepless inner wall. When machining the inner wall of the cylinder, such as during rolling or boring, the processing performance is improved compared to the previous blind hole structure of a single unit.

[0018] In this invention, the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper crossbeam via an upper pad plate, and the lower pad plate is connected to the cylinder body as the cylinder bottom. The reaction force of the high-pressure hydraulic fluid is directly transmitted to the upper crossbeam. Due to the large bearing area and simple shape of the cylinder bottom, the load transfer is reliable and there is no stress concentration. Furthermore, there is no need to drill through holes in the upper crossbeam for mounting the hydraulic cylinder. This significantly improves the strength of the upper crossbeam and greatly reduces its processing difficulty, eliminating the influence of eccentric loading forces. The main piston rod is nested within a plunger rod, which reduces the number of system pumps and saves on equipment investment.

[0019] This invention utilizes a die forming cavity designed for diameter contraction, providing pre-compression resistance during the extrusion of loose material. Through a continuous feeding and extrusion process, titanium electrodes of varying diameters and lengths are produced. This eliminates the cumbersome process of assembling the electrode blocks into a single, vacuum-welded electrode after the traditional electrode manufacturing process. This shortens the process flow, saves energy, significantly reduces error rates in intermediate steps, and achieves energy conservation and emission reduction goals.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes provided by the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes provided by the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic cylinder in a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper crossbeam of a 10,000-ton hydraulic press used for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure label: 1. Upper crossbeam; 2. Transition block; 3. Tie rod; 4. Buffer pad; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Column; 7. Slider; 8. Lower crossbeam; 91. Upper pressure head; 92. Demolding head; 93. Die; 94. Sponge titanium bulk material; 10. Limiting sleeve; 11. Supporting lower pressure head; 51. Upper pad; 52. Cylinder; 521. First oil hole; 53. Lower pad; 531. Second oil hole; 54. Guide sleeve; 55. Flange; 56. Convex spherical pad; 57. Sliding cavity; 58. Piston rod; 581. First sealing gasket; 582. Connecting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this invention but should not be used to limit the scope of this invention.

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1 The present invention describes a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, comprising an upper crossbeam 1, a lower crossbeam 8, a column 6, a slider 7, a hydraulic cylinder 5, an upper die switching assembly, and a die 93. The column 6 is connected between the upper crossbeam 1 and the lower crossbeam 8. The slider 7 is slidably mounted on the column 6. The upper die switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the slider 7. The die 93 is connected to the top surface of the lower crossbeam 8. The cylinder 5 has a position-adjustable main piston rod. The top of the cylinder 5 is connected to the upper crossbeam 1. An arc-shaped groove is formed at the bottom of the main piston rod. A sliding cavity 57 is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove. A convex spherical pad 56 is provided between the sliding cavity 57 and the arc-shaped groove. The upper die switching assembly includes an upper pressure head 91 and a demolding head 92. The bottom end of the lower crossbeam 8 is provided with a height-adjustable supporting lower pressure head 11, which can extend into the die 93.

[0029] The upper die switching assembly is configured as an upper pressure head 91 and a demolding head 92. The upper pressure head 91 can realize the continuous extrusion of multiple electrode blocks, and the demolding head 92 can realize the demolding of the titanium electrode formed by multiple electrode blocks. The titanium electrode produced in this way does not need to be re-welded, which improves the manufacturing quality of the titanium electrode. By setting the arc groove and sliding cavity 57, the stress dispersion of the main piston rod is avoided, which improves the structural stability of the oil cylinder 5.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes is provided, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 5 includes an upper pad 51, a cylinder 52, a lower pad 53, a main piston rod, and a plunger rod 58; The upper pad 51 is connected to the top of the cylinder 52, and the lower pad 53 is connected to the bottom of the cylinder 52. The top surface of the upper pad 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam 1. The main piston rod slides inside the cylinder 52 and its bottom end extends out of the lower pad 53. The main piston rod has a blind hole extending in the vertical direction. The plunger rod 58 passes through the upper pad 51 and is inserted into the blind hole. A first oil passage is formed inside the plunger rod 58. The first oil passage is connected to an external oil tank. Oil is supplied to the first oil passage through the external oil tank to drive the main piston rod to move downward, thereby driving the slider 7 to slide downward.

[0031] By setting the hydraulic cylinder 5 as a split structure, the connection between the upper pad 51 and the upper crossbeam 1 can be facilitated. The upper pad 51, cylinder 52, and lower pad 53 are connected as a whole, avoiding stress concentration caused by the wall thickness change at the bottom of conventional large-tonnage hydraulic cylinders. Through the cylinder 52 and the lower pad 53 serving as the cylinder bottom, the cylinder 52 can maintain its through-hole shape. The inner wall of the cylinder 52 is smooth and has no other structure. Setting other structures on the inner wall of the cylinder 52, such as rolling or boring, can achieve higher production precision. Compared with the blind hole structure of the previous integral structure, the processing performance is also improved. The reaction force of the high-pressure hydraulic fluid is directly transmitted to the upper crossbeam 1. Since the lower pad 53 serves as the cylinder bottom with a large bearing area and a simple shape, the load transmission is reliable and there is no stress concentration. At the same time, there is no need to open a through hole on the upper crossbeam 1 to install the hydraulic cylinder 5. The strength of the crossbeam is not only greatly improved, but its processing difficulty is also greatly reduced.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder 52 has a first oil hole 521 near the top, and the lower pad 53 has a second oil hole 531. The first oil hole 521 is connected to an external oil tank, and the second oil hole 531 is connected to the external oil tank and the cylinder 52. The main piston rod includes a first rod segment, a second rod segment, a third rod segment, and a rod head formed sequentially. The distance between the bottom end of the first oil hole 521 and the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam 1 is less than or equal to the height of the first rod segment. The diameter of the first rod segment is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder 52. The second rod segment is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 52, and the diameter of the third rod segment is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder 52.

[0033] Preferably, when the main piston rod needs to extend, the external oil tank supplies oil to the first oil passage, and the high-pressure oil pushes the main piston rod downward. At the same time, the high-pressure oil in the external oil tank enters the cylinder 52 through the first oil hole 521 and is discharged from the external oil tank through the second oil hole 531, increasing the downward force of the main piston rod, so that the main piston rod can move downward smoothly and meet the set load.

[0034] Preferably, when the main piston rod needs to retract, the external oil tank supplies oil to the second oil circuit. The high-pressure oil pushes the main piston rod upward. At this time, the high-pressure oil in the external oil tank enters the cylinder 52 through the second oil hole 531 and is discharged from the external oil tank through the first oil hole 521, thereby assisting the main piston rod to retract smoothly upward. Through this oil circuit design, precise control of the extension and retraction of the main piston rod can be achieved, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the 10,000-ton hydraulic press during the semi-continuous extrusion process of the integral titanium electrode.

[0035] Preferably, a first sealing gasket 581 is formed at the connection position of the plunger rod 58, the blind hole and the upper gasket 51, and a connecting nut 582 is formed at the connection position of the top surface of the plunger rod 58 and the upper gasket 51, thereby improving the connection stability of the plunger rod 58 and the upper gasket 51.

[0036] Preferably, the upper pad 51 has an upper protrusion at the position corresponding to the cylinder 52, and the lower pad 53 has a lower protrusion at the position corresponding to the cylinder 52. The upper and lower protrusions can be engaged with the cylinder 52 to achieve a sealed connection between the upper pad 51 and the cylinder 52, as well as a sealed connection between the lower pad 53 and the cylinder 52.

[0037] Preferably, the upper pad 51 and the lower pad 53 are square, and eight through holes are opened at the four corners of the square, offset from the projection area of ​​the cylinder 52. They are connected by eight cylinder tie rods that are interlaced. The cylinder tie rods and lock nuts pre-tighten the upper pad 51 and the lower pad 53 to the cylinder 52 to form a closed force-bearing frame. The resultant force of the pre-tightening force of the eight cylinder tie rods is not less than 1.1 times the main tonnage of the 10,000-ton cylinder. Thus, the prestressed 10,000-ton cylinder structure is formed.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a guide sleeve 54 is provided at the bottom of the lower pad 53, and the main piston rod passes through the guide sleeve 54. The guide sleeve 54 ensures the stability and straightness of the main piston rod during movement, preventing it from shifting or wobbling under the pressure of high-pressure oil. Simultaneously, the guide sleeve 54 also guides the main piston rod, allowing it to move smoothly along a predetermined trajectory. Furthermore, the connection between the guide sleeve 54 and the lower pad 53 forms a good sealing structure, effectively preventing oil leakage and ensuring the normal operation of the hydraulic press and the stability of the extrusion process.

[0039] Specifically, the rod head and the sliding cavity 57 are connected by a flange 55. The rod head is inverted T-shaped. This inverted T-shaped design not only facilitates the connection with the flange 55 but also effectively disperses the stress generated during extrusion, improving the load-bearing capacity of the entire connection. This connection method ensures a tighter bond between the rod head and the sliding cavity 57, effectively transmitting extrusion pressure and ensuring the stability and forming quality of the titanium electrode during the extrusion process.

[0040] Preferably, the lower part of the main piston rod is concave spherical, and a convex spherical pad 56 is connected to the lower part of the main piston rod. The convex spherical pad 56 is horizontally placed in the sliding cavity 57, which is in the form of a groove. The periphery of the convex spherical pad 56 is in the form of a plateau step. A pressure cap is fastened to the upper part of the sliding cavity 57. The plateau step of the convex spherical pad 56 is restricted in its upward position by the pressure cap and the sliding cavity 57, with a gap of 0.05-0.10mm, allowing the convex spherical pad 56 to move horizontally within the sliding cavity 57. A flange is installed on the upper part of the pressure cap. This flange is a spherical pad flange. The spherical pad flange, pressure cap, and sliding cavity 57 are fastened to the slider 7 by screws. The upper and lower surfaces of the convex spherical pad 56 have interlaced lubricating oil grooves. A lubricating oil channel is opened on the lower part of the main piston rod near the concave spherical pad. Lubricating oil can be injected into the space between the convex spherical pad 56 and the main piston rod, and between the convex spherical pad 56 and the sliding cavity 57 through the lubricating oil channel.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a transition block 2 and a tie rod 3. The transition block 2 is disposed inside the upper crossbeam 1 and connected to the upper pad 51. The upper pad 51 and the upper crossbeam 1 are connected by the tie rod 3.

[0042] Specifically, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is located at the center below the upper crossbeam 1, the transition block is located on the left and right center lines of the upper crossbeam 1 and offset below the front and rear center lines, and multiple tie rods 3 are arranged around the transition block 2. These tie rods 3 are evenly distributed to ensure a more stable connection between the upper pad 51 and the upper crossbeam 1. The design of the transition block 2 not only serves as support and connection but also optimizes the layout of the tie rods 3, making the entire structure more compact and reasonable. At the same time, both the transition block 2 and the tie rods 3 are made of high-strength alloy steel, which has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, and can withstand the huge pressure generated by the 10,000-ton hydraulic press during the extrusion process, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0043] Preferably, a buffer pad 4 is provided between the bottom end of the transition block 2 and the upper pad 51.

[0044] Preferably, the upper crossbeam 1 is locked to the lower crossbeam 8 via four columns 6 and sixteen locking nuts, forming a closed load-bearing frame that bears the entire load when the hydraulic press is loaded. During loading, the reaction force of the high-pressure oil is transmitted to the bottom of the upper crossbeam 1 through the bottom of the cylinder 5, which solves the stress concentration at the cylinder flange of the hydraulic press in the prior art, while increasing the strength of the upper crossbeam 1 and reducing the machining difficulty of the upper crossbeam 1 of the hydraulic press.

[0045] Furthermore, a forming cavity is formed at the center of the die 93. The forming cavity includes a first feeding section, a second feeding section, and a third feeding section arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The diameter of the first feeding section is smaller than the diameter of the third feeding section. The second feeding section is connected to the first feeding section and the third feeding section and is inclined. The diameter of the supporting pressure head 11 matches the diameter of the first feeding section.

[0046] Preferably, the inner wall of the forming cavity is a streamlined stepped shape, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the die 93 decreases during the pressing of the titanium electrode, thereby providing axial pre-compression resistance to increase the density of the titanium electrode.

[0047] Specifically, the upper pressure head 91 includes a first connecting section, a first limb section, and a first pressing section. The first pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the first pressing section is pointed. The demolding head 92 includes a second connecting section, a second limb section, and a second pressing section. The second pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the second pressing section is planar.

[0048] Preferably, the first connecting section is connected to the slider 7 to transmit driving force, enabling the upper pressure head 91 to move up and down. The first limb section supports and connects the first connecting section and the first pressing section, enhancing the overall structural strength of the upper pressure head 91. The pointed design of the first pressing section allows for more effective pressing of the titanium electrode material, improving the connection stability between adjacent titanium electrode sections and enhancing the overall titanium electrode forming efficiency and quality. The second connecting section is connected to the slider 7 to control the movement of the demolding head 92. The second limb section connects the second connecting section and the second pressing section, ensuring the stability of the demolding head 92 during movement. The planar bottom design of the second pressing section allows for smoother ejection of the formed titanium electrode during demolding, avoiding damage to the titanium electrode.

[0049] Preferably, a guide sleeve is provided at the position of the lower crossbeam 8 corresponding to the die 93. The inner diameter of the guide sleeve matches the diameter of the first feeding section. The support press head 11 passes through the guide sleeve and enters the first feeding section. The titanium electrode that is first extruded can enter the guide sleeve. The whole titanium electrode gradually enters the guide sleeve. Then, the whole titanium electrode that has been pressed separates from the guide sleeve and enters the receiving device.

[0050] Furthermore, a limiting sleeve 10 is provided on the column 6. The diameter of the column 6 at the lower position corresponding to the limit sleeve 10 to be installed is greater than the diameter at the top. Thus, when the limiting sleeve 10 is installed on the column 6, the connection stability between the limiting sleeve 10 and the column 6 can be improved. When the slider 7 abuts against the limiting sleeve 10, the slider 7 reaches the lower limit position.

[0051] A method for forming an integral titanium electrode, wherein the forming method is performed using a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes as described above, includes the following steps: S1, the slider returns to its upper limit position, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom surface of the slider, the supporting lower pressure head extends upward to enter the die cavity, and sponge titanium bulk material 94 is added inside the die cavity. The height of the sponge titanium bulk material 94 is H1. The main piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends to drive the slider downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die cavity to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the first section of titanium electrode. The height of the first section of titanium electrode is H2. The first titanium electrode segment is formed. During the titanium electrode forming process, the density of the titanium electrode is increased by giving a pre-compression resistance by reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the die. Due to the varying sizes and stacking angles of the sponge titanium particles during feeding, there is an off-center load during pressing. This off-center load causes the main piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, which is rigidly connected to the slider, to bear a lateral force. Under the action of this lateral force, the sliding cavity and the convex spherical pad will generate corresponding circumferential and spherical center rotational displacement compensation, avoiding the lateral force off-center load from directly acting on the piston rod guide surface and causing scratches on the piston rod or the first guide sleeve. S2, the slider returns, sponge titanium bulk material is added into the cavity, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the cavity to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the second titanium electrode. The second titanium electrode and the first titanium electrode are nested and pressed together. At this time, the sum of the heights of the second titanium electrode and the first titanium electrode is 2H2. The supporting lower pressure head is adjusted downward to disengage from the cavity. S3, add loose titanium sponge material into the cavity, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the cavity to press the loose titanium sponge material; The sum of the frictional force between the two pressed titanium electrode segments and the inner wall of the die and the resistance to the diameter shrinkage of the die is not greater than the pressing force of the tapered forming punch of the upper pressure head; because the diameter of the guide sleeve is greater than the diameter of the first feeding section of the die, the first titanium electrode segment can be demolded from the die. S4. Repeat step S3 several times until the entire titanium electrode is pressed. S5, replace the upper pressure head at the bottom of the slider with a demolding head, move the receiving device to the bottom of the integral titanium electrode and wait, the slider drives the demolding head to press down, separate the integral titanium electrode from the die, and the integral titanium electrode falls into the receiving device, and the processing of an integral titanium electrode is completed.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes, characterized in that, It includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, columns, sliders, hydraulic cylinders, an upper die switching assembly, and a die. The column is connected between the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam, the slider is slidably mounted on the column, the upper die switching assembly is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the slider, and the die is connected to the top surface of the lower crossbeam. The hydraulic cylinder includes an upper pad, a cylinder, a lower pad, a main piston rod, and a plunger rod; The upper pad is connected to the top of the cylinder, the lower pad is connected to the bottom of the cylinder, the top surface of the upper pad is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam, the main piston rod slides inside the cylinder and its bottom end extends out of the lower pad, the main piston rod has a blind hole extending in the vertical direction, the plunger rod passes through the upper pad and is inserted into the blind hole, a first oil passage is formed inside the plunger rod, the first oil passage is connected to an external oil tank, an arc-shaped groove is formed at the bottom of the main piston rod, a sliding cavity is connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove, and a convex spherical pad is provided between the sliding cavity and the arc-shaped groove; Oil is supplied to the first oil circuit through the external oil tank to drive the main piston rod to move downward, thereby causing the slider to slide downward. The cylinder has a first oil hole near the top, and the lower pad has a second oil hole. The first oil hole is connected to an external oil tank, and the second oil hole is connected to the external oil tank and the cylinder. The main piston rod includes a first rod segment, a second rod segment, a third rod segment, and a rod head formed sequentially. The distance between the bottom end of the first oil hole and the bottom surface of the upper crossbeam is less than or equal to the height of the first rod segment. The diameter of the first rod segment is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder. The second rod segment is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. The diameter of the third rod segment is less than the inner diameter of the cylinder. The upper die switching assembly includes an upper pressure head and a demolding head; The bottom end of the lower crossbeam is provided with a liftable and adjustable support pressure head, which can extend into the die cavity.

2. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide sleeve is provided at the bottom of the lower pad, and the main piston rod passes through the guide sleeve.

3. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rod head and the sliding cavity are connected by a flange.

4. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transition block and a tie rod. The transition block is disposed inside the upper crossbeam and connected to the upper pad. The upper pad and the upper crossbeam are connected by the tie rod.

5. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A forming cavity is formed at the center of the die. The forming cavity includes a first feeding section, a second feeding section, and a third feeding section arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The diameter of the first feeding section is smaller than the diameter of the third feeding section. The second feeding section is connected to the first feeding section and the third feeding section and is inclined. The diameter of the supporting pressure head matches the diameter of the first feeding section.

6. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper pressure head includes a first connecting section, a first limb section, and a first pressing section. The first pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the first pressing section is pointed. The demolding head includes a second connecting section, a second limb section, and a second pressing section. The second pressing section can extend into the forming cavity, and the bottom end of the second pressing section is planar.

7. A 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column is equipped with a limit sleeve.

8. A method for forming an integral titanium electrode, wherein the forming method is performed using a 10,000-ton hydraulic press for semi-continuous extrusion of integral titanium electrodes as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the slider returns to its upper limit position, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom surface of the slider, the supporting lower pressure head extends upward to enter the die cavity, and sponge titanium bulk material is added inside the die cavity. The height of the sponge titanium bulk material is H1. The main piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends to drive the slider downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the die cavity to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the first titanium electrode. The height of the first titanium electrode is H2. ; S2, the slider returns, sponge titanium bulk material is added into the cavity, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the cavity to press the sponge titanium bulk material into the second titanium electrode. The second titanium electrode and the first titanium electrode are nested and pressed together. At this time, the sum of the heights of the second titanium electrode and the first titanium electrode is 2H2. The supporting lower pressure head is adjusted downward to disengage from the cavity. S3, add loose titanium sponge material into the cavity, the main piston rod of the oil cylinder extends to drive the slider to move downward, thereby driving the upper pressure head to extend into the cavity to press the loose titanium sponge material; S4. Repeat step S3 several times until the entire titanium electrode is pressed. S5, replace the upper pressure head at the bottom of the slider with a demolding head, move the receiving device to the bottom of the integral titanium electrode and wait, the slider drives the demolding head to press down, separate the integral titanium electrode from the die, and the integral titanium electrode falls into the receiving device, and the processing of an integral titanium electrode is completed.

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