A metal plate shearing machine for distribution box production

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of metal plate shearing machines, and relates to a metal plate shearing machine for distribution box production, which comprises a cutting platform, a cutting tool holder fixed to one end of the cutting platform, an oblique cutting tool slidingly arranged in the cutting tool holder in the vertical direction, a front pressing block slidingly arranged in the cutting tool holder in the vertical direction and used for pressing the metal plate during shearing, and a smoothing unit arranged on the discharge side of the cutting direction of the oblique cutting tool. The smoothing unit comprises a pulling and spreading structure used for pulling the separated part of the metal plate in the discharge direction during shearing, and a smoothing structure located between the pulling and spreading structure and the oblique cutting tool and used for flattening the cutting part of the metal plate. Local wrinkles of the separated part are eliminated by the pre-smoothing mechanism before shearing, and a controllable pulling force in the discharge direction is applied by the pre-energy storage force applying mechanism during shearing, so that the tension state of the separated part at the cutting moment is effectively maintained, and the shearing burrs and deformation at the separation moment are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal plate shearing machinery technology, and relates to a metal plate shearing machine for the production of electrical distribution boxes. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of distribution boxes, the shearing of metal plates is one of the key processes. The sheared plate segments must have neat edges and flat surfaces to meet the precision requirements of subsequent bending, welding and other processes.

[0003] Existing shearing machines encounter numerous problems when shearing metal sheets due to the following reasons: First, during the shearing process, the sheet metal is prone to bending deformation due to the release of cutting stress, the effects of cutting heat, and its own residual stress, resulting in insufficient cutting dimensional accuracy. Second, burrs easily appear at the sheared edges due to stress concentration, affecting product quality and compatibility with subsequent processes. Third, the sheared sheet metal is prone to warping and deformation due to local stress imbalance, requiring additional shaping treatment. Fourth, for high-precision electrical distribution box components, the above problems often lead to secondary trimming requirements, increasing material waste and production costs.

[0004] Furthermore, in existing technologies, shearing machines mostly focus only on fixing during shearing or simply flattening after shearing, without performing targeted pretreatment on the part of the sheet to be separated. Since the part of the metal sheet to be separated may have tiny wrinkles or stress concentrations before shearing, and the shearing area is not pre-stressed, the stress change during shearing is more significant, which aggravates problems such as deformation and burrs.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a metal plate shearing machine for the production of distribution boxes that integrates pretreatment, shearing, and instant smoothing functions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a metal plate shearing machine for the production of distribution boxes.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a metal plate shearing machine for the production of distribution boxes, comprising: a cutting platform;

[0008] A cutting blade holder is fixed to one end of the cutting platform;

[0009] A beveled cutter is slidably mounted on the cutting blade holder in a vertical direction;

[0010] The front pressure block is slidably disposed on the cutting blade holder in the vertical direction and is used to press the metal plate during shearing;

[0011] It also includes: a smoothing unit, disposed on the discharge side of the oblique cutter in the cutting direction;

[0012] The smoothing unit includes: a stretching structure for pulling the portion of the metal plate to be separated along the discharge direction during shearing;

[0013] A smoothing structure, located between the stretching structure and the bevel cutting blade, is used to flatten the cut portion of the metal plate.

[0014] Preferably, two mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the discharge side of the cutting blade holder, and the smoothing unit is installed on the mounting brackets.

[0015] Preferably, the stretching structure is slidably connected to the mounting bracket, and the smoothing structure is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket.

[0016] Preferably, the stretching structure includes two sets of traction components arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower parts, with the part of the metal plate to be separated located between the two sets of traction components;

[0017] Each of the aforementioned pulling components includes: a pre-smoothing mechanism for contacting and smoothing the portion of the metal plate to be separated before shearing;

[0018] The force-applying mechanism, which is linked to the pre-smoothing mechanism, is configured to store energy during the pre-smoothing process and apply a pulling force in the discharge direction to the part of the metal plate to be separated during shearing.

[0019] Preferably, the pre-smoothing mechanism includes: a first connecting shaft, which is vertically slidably connected to the mounting bracket;

[0020] Two rolling shafts are horizontally slidably connected to the mounting bracket and are parallel to the first connecting shaft;

[0021] A connecting rod is installed between the first connecting shaft and the corresponding rolling shaft, and the two ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the first connecting shaft and the rolling shaft, respectively.

[0022] The transmission component connects the rolling shaft and the force-applying mechanism, converting the horizontal movement of the rolling shaft into the energy storage action of the force-applying mechanism.

[0023] Preferably, the force-applying mechanism is a torsion spring, one end of which is fixed to the connecting rod and the other end is fixed to the rolling shaft.

[0024] Preferably, the pre-smoothing mechanism further includes: a plurality of second connecting shafts, the second connecting shafts being arranged parallel to the axis of the first connecting shaft, and the second connecting shafts being evenly and rotatably mounted on the connecting rod;

[0025] Connecting cylinders, multiple connecting cylinders are provided, and each is coaxially fixed to the outer end of the rolling shaft and the second connecting shaft;

[0026] A synchronous rotating component connects the rolling shaft to the second connecting shaft to enable the connecting cylinders to rotate synchronously.

[0027] Preferably, the transmission component includes a rack, which is horizontally fixed to the mounting bracket;

[0028] The gear is coaxially fixed to the rolling shaft and meshes with the rack.

[0029] Preferably, the smoothing structure includes: a lower support plate, fixed to one end of the mounting bracket near the bevel cutter;

[0030] An upper support plate is arranged parallel to the lower support plate and fixedly connected to the mounting bracket;

[0031] Multiple pressure plate units are evenly distributed along the upper support plate;

[0032] The drive mechanism, in response to the downward movement of the oblique cutter, drives each of the pressure plate units to perform a flattening action in sequence.

[0033] Preferably, the pressure plate unit includes: a rotating cylinder that passes through and is rotatably connected to the upper support plate, and a guide hole is provided at the upper end of the rotating cylinder;

[0034] The upper pressure plate is fixed to the lower end of the rotating drum;

[0035] A guide shaft is coaxially disposed in a guide hole at the upper end of the rotating drum, and the guide shaft is threadedly connected to the rotating drum;

[0036] An elastic element is disposed within the guide hole, and its two ends are respectively connected to the guide shaft and the rotating drum;

[0037] The driving mechanism includes a first pressure plate fixed to the bevel cutter and a second pressure plate fixed to the upper end of the guide shaft. When the bevel cutter moves down, the first pressure plate pushes the second pressure plate down in sequence, causing the rotating drum to rotate and press the upper pressure plate against the part of the metal plate being cut.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] First, pre-rolling pretreatment optimizes stress distribution: the non-shearing area of ​​the metal plate to be separated is rolled bidirectionally by the rolling shaft of the stretching structure, introducing compressive stress on the surface of the plate and forming tensile stress distribution inside, weakening the original tensile stress concentration in the shearing area, reducing the maximum shear stress peak during the shearing process, reducing the deviation of shear crack propagation, improving the straightness of the cut, and reducing deformation and burrs caused by stress mutation from the root.

[0040] Second, tensioning suppresses instantaneous deformation: During the pre-rolling process, the force-applying mechanism stores energy synchronously: During shearing, the force-applying mechanism releases energy and applies a continuous tension along the discharge direction to the metal plate to be separated through the rolling shaft, maintaining its tension state and avoiding warping caused by stress imbalance at the moment of cutting. At the same time, it promotes the smooth movement of the cut segment and reduces frictional damage to the equipment.

[0041] Third, immediate flattening and anti-warping: Utilizing the downward power of the bevel cutter, multiple pressure plate units are driven by the drive mechanism to apply pressure to the cut part in a timely manner during the cutting process or after the steel is cut. Combined with the stress adjustment effect of pre-rolling, the warping deformation of the part caused by stress release or cutting heat is significantly suppressed.

[0042] The above measures work together to significantly improve the flatness and edge quality of the metal sheet segments after shearing, effectively avoid dimensional errors caused by sheet bending, reduce the need for secondary trimming, reduce material waste, and improve the production quality and efficiency of metal sheet components for distribution boxes. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the relative installation positions of the oblique cutting blade and the front pressure block of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the smoothing unit of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the smoothing structure and the bevel cutting blade in this invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper support plate of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support plate of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-smoothing mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction component of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure between the synchronous rotating component, the rolling shaft, and the second connecting shaft of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the installation between the torsion spring and the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the upper pressure plate during the cutting process of this invention;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the traction component during the cutting process of this invention.

[0056] In the diagram: 1. Cutting platform; 2. Cutting blade holder; 3. Bevel cutter; 31. First hydraulic cylinder; 32. First pressure plate; 4. Front pressure block; 41. First electric telescopic rod; 5. Lower support plate; 6. Upper support plate; 61. Upper pressure plate; 62. Rotary cylinder; 63. Guide shaft; 64. Second pressure plate; 65. First spring; 66. Rotary block; 7. Mounting bracket; 71. Vertical support rod; 711. First guide groove; 712. Second electric telescopic rod. 72. Rod; 721. Horizontal support rod; 721. Second guide groove; 7211. Horizontal groove; 7212. Inclined groove; 8. Mounting plate; 81. Rack; 9. Connecting rod; 10. First connecting shaft; 101. First slider; 11. Rolling shaft; 11a. First rolling shaft; 11b. Second rolling shaft; 111. Second slider; 112. Gear; 12. Second connecting shaft; 13. Connecting cylinder; 14. Chain; 15. Sprocket; 16. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a metal plate shearing machine for the production of distribution boxes. It includes a cutting platform 1, a cutting blade holder 2, a bevel cutting blade 3, a front pressure block 4, and a smoothing unit.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cutting blade holder 2 is fixed at one end of the cutting platform 1. The oblique cutting blade 3 is slidably mounted on the cutting blade holder 2 in the vertical direction to perform the cutting operation. The front pressure block 4 is also slidably mounted on the cutting blade holder 2 in the vertical direction. Before cutting, it moves downward to cooperate with the cutting platform 1 to press the metal plate to be cut and prevent the metal plate from moving during the cutting process.

[0060] After the bevel cutter 3 completes the shearing, the separated metal sheet fragments move away in a direction perpendicular to the cutting line. This direction is the discharge direction, and the side of the bevel cutter 3 closest to the discharge direction is the discharge side. The smoothing unit is located on the discharge side of the bevel cutter 3 in the cutting direction. The smoothing unit is used to suppress warping deformation of the metal sheet during and after cutting, especially the warping deformation of the cut area and the part to be separated.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the smoothing unit specifically includes a stretching structure and a smoothing structure.

[0062] The stretching structure is used to roll the portion of a metal sheet to be separated before shearing, and during shearing, it applies a tensile force along the discharge direction to this portion, flattening and taut the sheet. Rolling in the non-shearing region introduces compressive stress on the steel sheet surface while creating tensile stress distribution internally. This stress redistribution weakens the original tensile stress concentration in the shearing region, thus reducing the peak shear stress during shearing. Furthermore, applying tensile force after rolling creates a macroscopic tensile stress field near the shear line, which helps to initiate plastic deformation earlier, reduces stress abrupt changes during shearing, inhibits deviation of shear crack propagation direction, improves cut straightness, and reduces post-shear springback and warping.

[0063] It should be noted that in this application, the rolling operation on the part of the metal plate to be separated is not performed on the shearing part. The rolling area avoids the shear line by at least two to three times the plate thickness to prevent the introduction of local hardening that may affect the shearing.

[0064] The smoothing structure is set between the stretching structure and the oblique cutting blade 3. It is used to flatten the cut parts of the metal plate during or after the cutting process to prevent the cut parts of the metal plate from warping due to stress release or cutting heat.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, a first hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly mounted on the cutting blade holder 2. The piston rod axis of the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is set in the vertical direction, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 31, i.e., the end of the piston rod, is fixedly connected to the bevel cutting blade 3. Activating the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 31 can drive the bevel cutting blade 3 to move in the vertical direction to cut the metal plate.

[0066] A first electric telescopic rod 41 with its axis set vertically is fixedly installed on the cutting tool holder 2. The output end of the first electric telescopic rod 41 is fixedly connected to the front pressure block 4. The extension and retraction of the first electric telescopic rod 41 can drive the front pressure block 4 to move vertically.

[0067] When cutting, the first electric telescopic rod 41 drives the front pressure block 4 to move downward, cooperating with the cutting platform 1 to clamp and fix the metal plate to ensure the accuracy of the cutting position.

[0068] like Figure 1 Two mounting brackets 7 are fixedly installed on the discharge side of the cutting blade holder 2, and the smoothing unit is installed on these two mounting brackets 7. The stretching structure is slidably connected to the mounting brackets 7, and the smoothing structure is fixedly connected to the mounting brackets 7.

[0069] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the stretching structure includes two sets of traction assemblies arranged symmetrically at the top and bottom, with the portion of the metal plate to be separated located between these two sets of traction assemblies. Each set of traction assemblies includes a pre-smoothing mechanism and a force-applying mechanism.

[0070] The pre-smoothing mechanism is used to contact and initially flatten the portion of the metal sheet to be separated before shearing. Simultaneously, it rolls the non-shearing area before shearing, reducing the initial tensile stress concentration in the shearing area and improving shearing quality. The force-applying mechanism is linked to the pre-smoothing mechanism. During the pre-smoothing action, the force-applying mechanism stores mechanical energy. When or after the shearing action, the force-applying mechanism releases the stored energy, applying a continuous tensile force along the discharge direction to the portion of the metal sheet to be separated through the pre-smoothing mechanism.

[0071] The mounting bracket 7 includes a vertically arranged vertical support rod 71 and a horizontally arranged horizontal support rod 72. The vertical support rod 71 and the horizontal support rod 72 are fixedly connected to form a cross-shaped bracket structure. A vertical first guide groove 711 is provided on the vertical support rod 71.

[0072] The pre-smoothing mechanism includes a first connecting shaft 10, two rolling shafts 11, two connecting rods 9, and a transmission component.

[0073] The first connecting shaft 10 is vertically slidably connected to the mounting bracket 7. Specifically, a first slider 101 is rotatably mounted on the end of the first connecting shaft 10, and the first slider 101 slides into a first guide groove 711 on the vertical support rod 71. A second electric telescopic rod 712 with its axis along the vertical direction is fixedly installed within the first guide groove 711, and the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 712 is fixedly connected to the first slider 101. The extension and retraction of the second electric telescopic rod 712 can drive the first slider 101 and the first connecting shaft 10 to move vertically along the first guide groove 711.

[0074] The rolling shaft 11 is horizontally slidably connected to the mounting bracket 7 and parallel to the first connecting shaft 10. Specifically, a horizontal second guide groove 721 is provided on the horizontal support rod 72. A second slider 111 is rotatably mounted on the end of the rolling shaft 11, and the second slider 111 slides in engagement with the second guide groove 721 on the horizontal support rod 72.

[0075] Two connecting rods 9 correspond one-to-one with the rolling shaft 11. The two connecting rods 9 are respectively set between the first connecting shaft 10 and the corresponding rolling shaft 11. The two ends of each connecting rod 9 are rotatably connected to the first connecting shaft 10 and the corresponding rolling shaft 11, respectively.

[0076] In the initial state, i.e. when not in operation or in a reset state, the two rolling shafts 11 of each set of traction components are in the retracted position, i.e., located in the middle area of ​​the part of the metal plate to be separated. The rolling shafts 11 of the upper and lower sets of traction components abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the part of the metal plate to be separated with a preset initial clamping force.

[0077] like Figure 13 As shown, at the initial stage of the pre-smoothing action, the two first connecting shafts 10 in the two sets of tensioning assemblies are in a position far apart from each other. Activating the second electric telescopic rod 712 drives the first connecting shafts 10 to move vertically, bringing the two first connecting shafts 10 closer together. The first connecting shafts 10, through two connecting rods 9 connected to them, drive the two rolling shafts 11 in the same group to move horizontally in opposite directions within the second guide groove 721, entering the rolling and pre-smoothing stage.

[0078] During this stage, the rolling shafts 11 on both the upper and lower sides of the metal plate maintain a preset initial clamping force on the part of the metal plate to be separated, ensuring the rolling effect without excessively compressing and deforming the metal plate. The rolling shaft 11 closer to the oblique cutter 3 pulls and rolls the part of the metal plate to be separated towards the cutter edge, while the rolling shaft 11 farther from the oblique cutter 3 pulls and rolls in the opposite direction, i.e., towards the discharge direction. Through bidirectional rolling, the surface of the metal plate is pre-smoothed simultaneously, eliminating local wrinkles or minor bends. At the same time, pressure is applied to the non-shear areas of the steel plate during the rolling process, weakening the original tensile stress concentration in the shear area.

[0079] like Figure 7 As shown, the pre-smoothing mechanism and the force-applying mechanism are linked by a transmission component, which converts the horizontal movement of the rolling shaft 11 in the pre-smoothing mechanism into the energy storage action of the force-applying mechanism. One specific implementation includes a mounting plate 8 disposed on the outer side of the mounting bracket 7. Preferably, the mounting plate 8 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the end of the horizontal support rod 72 away from the oblique cutter 3. A horizontally arranged rack 81 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 8. A gear 112 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the rolling shaft 11 on the side of the pre-smoothing mechanism away from the oblique cutter 3, and this gear 112 meshes with the fixed rack 81.

[0080] like Figure 10 As shown, the pre-smoothing mechanism also includes multiple second connecting shafts 12, connecting cylinders 13, and synchronous rotating components.

[0081] The second connecting shaft 12 is parallel to the axis of the first connecting shaft 10 and is evenly and rotatably mounted on the connecting rod 9. The second connecting shaft 12 is located between the first connecting shaft 10 and the rolling shaft 11. Multiple connecting cylinders 13 are coaxially fixedly mounted on the outside of the rolling shaft 11 and the second connecting shaft 12. When the connecting rod 9 moves to a horizontal state, the outer surfaces of the multiple connecting cylinders 13 are in direct contact with the metal plate. The energy storage stage ends when all the connecting cylinders 13 are in contact with the metal plate.

[0082] The synchronous rotating component is located in the area of ​​the connecting rod 9 on the side of the pre-smoothing mechanism away from the bevel cutter 3, i.e., the side containing the gear 112. The synchronous rotating component includes multiple sprockets 15 and multiple chains 14. The multiple sprockets 15 are coaxially fixed to the outer ends of the rolling shaft 11 and the second connecting shaft 12 located on this side, and the multiple chains 14 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of adjacent sprockets 15. The synchronous rotating component ensures that the rolling shaft 11 on the same connecting rod 9 and all the second connecting shafts 12 maintain synchronous rotation when torque transmission is required, such as during the energy storage and force application phase, so that the tension of each connecting cylinder 13 on the metal plate is uniform.

[0083] like Figure 8 As shown, the second guide groove 721 is a composite guide channel composed of a horizontal groove 7211 and an inclined groove 7212. The horizontal groove 7211 extends horizontally along the length of the metal plate, and the inclined groove 7212 is located on the side of the horizontal groove 7211 away from the oblique cutter 3 and is inclined towards the metal plate.

[0084] When the rolling shaft 11 moves along the transverse groove 7211, the rolling shafts 11 on both the upper and lower sides of the metal plate form an initial clamping state. At this time, the clamping force is designed to a preset initial value to ensure the rolling and pre-smoothing effect. When the connecting rod 9 moves to the horizontal state, the rolling shaft 11 moves to the junction of the transverse groove 7211 and the inclined groove 7212. When it continues to move, it enters the area of ​​the inclined groove 7212. Under the action of the inclined groove 7212, the rolling shaft 11 generates a displacement component perpendicular to the surface of the metal plate, which increases the clamping force of the upper and lower connecting cylinders 13 on the metal plate. The structure of the second guide groove 721 realizes the dual functions of rolling and smoothing under the preset clamping force in the flattening stage and preventing displacement with high static friction in the cutting stage. Specifically, in the pre-flattening stage, when the rolling shafts 11 move in opposite directions, the preset initial clamping force is maintained to ensure the rolling effect. In the cutting preparation stage, the second connecting shaft 12 and the rolling shaft 11 work together to form a uniform clamping to effectively suppress the slippage of the sheet metal caused by cutting vibration.

[0085] For ease of description, the rolling shaft 11 with gear 112 installed is named the first rolling shaft 11a, and the rolling shaft 11 without gear 112 installed is named the second rolling shaft 11b.

[0086] One specific implementation of the force-applying mechanism is a torsion spring 16. In the area of ​​the connecting rod 9 on the side of the pre-smoothing mechanism away from the bevel cutter 3, that is, in the area where the first rolling shaft 11a and the associated second connecting shaft 12 are located, multiple torsion springs 16 are respectively sleeved and installed on the outer ends of the first rolling shaft 11a and the second connecting shaft 12. One end of each torsion spring 16 is fixed to the connecting rod 9, and the other end of the torsion spring 16 is fixed to the corresponding first rolling shaft 11a or second connecting shaft 12.

[0087] The energy storage process occurs during the pre-smoothing action, i.e., when the rolling shaft 11 moves horizontally along the transverse groove 7211. Simultaneously, the first rolling shaft 11a, on the side away from the oblique cutter 3, rotates due to the meshing of the gear 112 and the fixed rack 81. This rotation drives the other second connecting shafts 12, located on the same side as the first rolling shaft 11a, to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the first rolling shaft 11a and the second connecting shafts 12 torsion springs 16 mounted on them, causing the torsion springs 16 to deform and store elastic potential energy. This energy storage process occurs during the pre-smoothing action, i.e., when the metal plate is flattened but not yet completely pressed down by the front pressure block 4 or before the oblique cutter 3 cuts downwards, and the amount of energy stored is related to the horizontal displacement of the rolling shaft 11. When the pre-smoothing action is carried out to the point where the rolling shaft 11 moves to the junction of the horizontal groove 7211 and the inclined groove 7212, the gear 112 disengages from the rack 81, and at this time the torsion spring 16 reaches its maximum energy storage state.

[0088] The force application process begins with a shearing action, where the front pressure block 4 presses against the main sheet material, and the oblique cutter 3 cuts downwards. As the portion of the metal sheet to be separated from the main sheet is about to separate or has just separated, the torsion spring 16, which has been twisted, tends to return to its original shape, releasing its stored elastic potential energy. This forces the rolling shaft 11 and the second connecting shaft 12 to rotate in opposite directions, while the connecting cylinder 13 comes into close contact with the metal sheet. The restoring tendency of the torsion spring 16 generates sufficient friction between the connecting cylinder 13 and the metal sheet. This friction is directly converted into a continuous pulling force on the portion of the metal sheet to be separated along the discharge direction. This pulling force helps maintain tension on the portion of the metal sheet to be separated at the moment of cutting, reducing burrs and deformation, and allowing the cut segment to move smoothly away along the discharge direction, offsetting some of the internal stress that causes warping.

[0089] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the smoothing structure includes a lower support plate 5, an upper support plate 6, multiple pressure plate units, and a drive mechanism.

[0090] The lower support plate 5 is fixedly installed on the mounting bracket 7 at one end near the oblique cutter 3. The upper surface of the lower support plate 5 is flush with the upper surface of the cutting platform 1 and located below the metal plate.

[0091] The upper support plate 6 is arranged parallel above the lower support plate 5 and is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 7.

[0092] Multiple pressure plate units are evenly distributed along the length of the upper support plate 6. Each pressure plate unit includes an upper pressure plate 61, a rotating cylinder 62, a guide shaft 63, and an elastic element.

[0093] The rotating drum 62 passes through the upper support plate 6 and is rotatably connected to the upper support plate 6 via a bearing or bushing. An internally threaded guide hole is provided at the upper end of the rotating drum 62. An upper pressure plate 61 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating drum 62. A guide shaft 63 is coaxially disposed within the guide hole at the upper end of the rotating drum 62. The lower end of the guide shaft 63 has an external thread that engages with the internally threaded guide hole at the upper end of the rotating drum 62. It should be noted that the thread helix angle of the threaded pair is greater than the equivalent friction angle, forming a non-self-locking thread. The axial movement of the guide shaft 63 can drive the rotating drum 62 to rotate. The length design of the threaded pair must ensure that the predetermined downward stroke of the guide shaft 63 corresponds to the downward cutting stroke of the oblique cutter 3, which can drive the rotating drum 62 to rotate half a revolution.

[0094] An elastic element is disposed within the guide hole of the rotating cylinder 62, below the guide shaft 63. Specifically, it may include a rotating block 66 and a first spring 65. The rotating block 66 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the guide shaft 63. The upper end of the first spring 65 is fixedly connected to the rotating block 66, and the lower end of the first spring 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall or bottom of the rotating cylinder 62. The elastic element serves to provide cushioning, allowing the guide shaft 63 to continue moving downward a certain distance after the upper pressure plate 61 contacts the metal plate, compressing the first spring 65 without damaging the mechanism, while ensuring that the upper pressure plate 61 maintains sufficient flattening force. The rotating block 66 allows the upper end of the first spring 65 to rotate freely as it moves with the guide shaft 63.

[0095] The drive mechanism converts the downward cutting motion of the beveling blade 3 into the flattening action of the pressure plate unit. One specific implementation includes a first pressure plate 32 and a second pressure plate 64. The first pressure plate 32 is fixedly mounted on the beveling blade 3, specifically located on the side of the beveling blade 3 closest to the flattening structure. The second pressure plate 64 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the guide shaft 63. The length of the guide shaft 63 matches the inclination of the beveling blade 3.

[0096] The smoothing process is as follows: when the bevel cutter 3 is driven by the first hydraulic cylinder 31 to move downward to perform cutting, the first pressure plate 32 fixed on the bevel cutter 3 also moves downward synchronously with the bevel cutter 3. After the bevel cutter 3 moves down a certain distance, usually before the blade contacts the plate or at the moment of contact, the first pressure plate 32 contacts the second pressure plate 64 located below it. The bevel cutter 3 continues to move downward, and the first pressure plate 32 pushes the second pressure plate 64 and the guide shaft 63 fixed thereto to move downward together. The downward axial movement of the guide shaft 63 is converted into the rotational motion of the rotating drum 62 through the non-self-locking threaded pair. The rotation of the rotating drum 62 drives the upper pressure plate 61 fixed at its lower end to rotate from the pressing cutting position to the cutting completed position, so that the upper pressure plate 61 can press against the metal plate that has been cut.

[0097] It is important to note that the length of the guide shaft 63 matches the inclination of the bevel cutter 3, and the first pressure plate 32 is set at an inclination. During the cutting process, since the bevel cutter 3 cuts gradually from one end, the guide shaft 63 can move downwards sequentially, causing the upper pressure plate 61 to rotate sequentially according to the cutting process to press the cut part. As the guide shaft 63 continues to move downwards, the first spring 65 is compressed, ensuring that the upper pressure plate 61 continuously presses the metal plate with appropriate pressure, suppressing its warping tendency caused by the release of cutting stress or thermal deformation. This flattening action continues during the cutting process or before the cutter is lifted after cutting.

[0098] Alternatively, the above technical objective can be achieved by using a first pressure plate 32 that is tilted downwards, in which the first pressure plate 32 contacts guide shafts 63 of equal length in sequence during its downward movement.

[0099] When the bevel cutter 3 finishes cutting and is lifted, the first pressure plate 32 disengages from the second pressure plate 64. At this time, the compressed first spring 65 pushes the guide shaft 63 to reset upward. The upward movement of the guide shaft 63 drives the rotating drum 62 to rotate in the opposite direction by about 180 degrees through the non-self-locking thread, which drives the upper pressure plate 61 to lift and rotate back to the initial position to disengage from the metal plate.

[0100] The operation process of the metal plate shearing machine for producing distribution boxes according to the present invention is as follows.

[0101] In the initial preparation stage, the metal plate to be cut is placed on the cutting platform 1 and aligned with the cutting line. The equipment is reset to the initial state: the front pressure block 4 and the oblique cutting blade 3 are in a high position. The rolling shafts 11 of the two sets of pulling components in the stretching structure of the smoothing unit are gathered in the middle of the part of the metal plate to be separated. The upper pressure plate 61 of the smoothing structure is detached from the metal plate and lifted.

[0102] Next comes the bidirectional rolling and pre-smoothing. The second electric telescopic rod 712 of the stretching structure drives the first connecting shaft 10 to move. Through the linkage mechanism of the connecting rod 9, the two rolling shafts 11 in the same group move horizontally in opposite directions along the transverse groove 7211 of the second guide groove 721, entering the rolling and pre-smoothing stage. The second rolling shaft 11b, which is closer to the oblique cutter 3, moves towards the cutting edge, while the first rolling shaft 11a, which is farther away, moves towards the discharge direction. The metal plate to be separated is bidirectionally rolled with a preset initial clamping force, and the pre-smoothing effect is achieved simultaneously to eliminate wrinkles.

[0103] Next, the gear and rack disengage. When the rolling shaft 11 moves to the junction of the transverse groove 7211 and the inclined groove 7212, the gear 112 disengages from the rack 81. Finally, the torsion spring 16 stores energy. During the movement of the first rolling shaft 11a along the transverse groove 7211, its gear 112 engages with the fixed rack 81, driving the first rolling shaft 11a and the second connecting shaft 12 connected to the chain 14 to rotate synchronously, forcing the torsion spring 16 to twist and store elastic potential energy. After the gear 112 disengages from the rack 81, the torsion spring 16 reaches its maximum energy storage state.

[0104] The cutting and dynamic smoothing coordinated stage begins with the downward cutting of the oblique cutter 3. The first hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the oblique cutter 3 to tilt downward, and the cutting line gradually extends from one end to the other. Then, the stretching force is applied to suppress deformation. After the cutting begins, the torsion spring 16 releases its stored energy, forcing the connecting shaft to rotate in the opposite direction. The friction between the connecting cylinder 13 and the metal plate is converted into a continuous pulling force along the discharge direction, keeping the part to be separated taut and pushing the cut segment out.

[0105] Next, the metal plate is fixed. The first electric telescopic rod 41 drives the front pressure block 4 to move down and work together with the cutting platform 1 to press the metal plate body.

[0106] Finally, the cutting edge is sheared and flattened. When the oblique cutting blade 3 moves down to contact the plate, the first pressure plate 32, which is set at an inclination, contacts the second pressure plate 64 at the corresponding position in sequence according to the cutting process. The first pressure plate 32 pushes the guide shaft 63 to move axially downward. Through the non-self-locking threaded pair, the rotating drum 62 is driven to rotate half a turn, so that the upper pressure plate 61 rolls from the starting position of the cutting to the latest cutting position. The guide shaft 63 continues to move downward, compressing the first spring 65 and converting it into elastic pressure to continuously suppress the stress release and thermal deformation of the cutting part.

[0107] During the reset phase, the oblique cutter 3 lifts the first pressure plate 32 to disengage from the second pressure plate 64, the front pressure block 4 moves upward to release its fixation, the second electric telescopic rod 712 of the stretching structure retracts to reset the traction assembly, the first spring 65 pushes the guide shaft 63 to move upward to drive the rotating drum 62 to rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction, the upper pressure plate 61 lifts and returns to the initial position, and after the cut segment is removed, the equipment enters the next cycle.

[0108] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal plate shearing machine for producing electrical distribution boxes, comprising: Cutting platform (1); The cutting blade holder (2) is fixed to one end of the cutting platform (1); The oblique cutter (3) is slidably mounted on the cutting blade holder (2) in the vertical direction; The front pressure block (4) is slidably disposed on the cutting blade holder (2) in the vertical direction and is used to press the metal plate during shearing; The feature is that it further includes: a smoothing unit, disposed on the discharge side of the oblique cutting blade (3) in the cutting direction; The smoothing unit includes: a stretching structure for pulling the portion of the metal plate to be separated along the discharge direction during shearing; A smoothing structure is located between the stretching structure and the oblique cutting blade (3) and is used to flatten the cutting part of the metal plate; The stretching structure includes two sets of traction components arranged symmetrically at the top and bottom, with the part of the metal plate to be separated located between the two sets of traction components; Each of the aforementioned pulling components includes: a pre-smoothing mechanism for contacting and smoothing the portion of the metal plate to be separated before shearing; The force-applying mechanism, linked with the pre-smoothing mechanism, is configured to store energy during the pre-smoothing process and apply a pulling force in the discharge direction to the part of the metal plate to be separated during shearing.

2. The shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade holder (2) has two mounting brackets (7) fixedly installed on the discharge side, and the smoothing unit is installed on the mounting brackets (7).

3. The shearing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stretching structure is slidably connected to the mounting bracket (7), and the smoothing structure is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (7).

4. The shearing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-smoothing mechanism includes: a first connecting shaft (10), which is vertically slidably connected to the mounting bracket (7); Two rolling shafts (11) are horizontally slidably connected to the mounting bracket (7) and parallel to the first connecting shaft (10); A connecting rod (9) is installed between the first connecting shaft (10) and the corresponding rolling shaft (11), and the two ends of the connecting rod (9) are rotatably connected to the first connecting shaft (10) and the rolling shaft (11) respectively. The transmission component connects the rolling shaft (11) and the force application mechanism, converting the horizontal movement of the rolling shaft (11) into the energy storage action of the force application mechanism.

5. The shearing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The force-applying mechanism is a torsion spring (16), one end of which is fixed to the connecting rod (9) and the other end is fixed to the rolling shaft (11).

6. The shearing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pre-smoothing mechanism further includes: a plurality of second connecting shafts (12), the second connecting shafts (12) being arranged parallel to the axis of the first connecting shaft (10), and the second connecting shafts (12) being evenly and rotatably mounted on the connecting rod (9); Connecting cylinder (13), multiple connecting cylinders (13) are provided and are respectively coaxially fixed to the outer ends of the rolling shaft (11) and the second connecting shaft (12); A synchronous rotating component connects the rolling shaft (11) to the second connecting shaft (12) so that each connecting cylinder (13) rotates synchronously.

7. The shearing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission component includes a rack (81) which is horizontally fixed to the mounting bracket (7). The gear (112) is coaxially fixed to the rolling shaft (11) and meshes with the rack (81).

8. The shearing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoothing structure includes: a lower support plate (5), which is fixed to one end of the mounting bracket (7) near the oblique cutter (3); The upper support plate (6) is arranged parallel above the lower support plate (5) and is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (7); Multiple pressure plate units are evenly distributed along the upper support plate (6); The drive mechanism, in response to the downward movement of the oblique cutter (3), drives each of the pressure plate units to perform a flattening action in sequence.

9. The shearing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure plate unit includes: a rotating cylinder (62) that passes through the upper support plate (6) and is rotatably connected to it, and a guide hole is provided at the upper end of the rotating cylinder (62); The upper pressure plate (61) is fixed to the lower end of the rotating drum (62); A guide shaft (63) is coaxially disposed in a guide hole at the upper end of the rotating drum (62), and the guide shaft (63) is threadedly connected to the rotating drum (62); An elastic element is disposed in the guide hole, and the two ends of the elastic element are respectively connected to the guide shaft (63) and the rotating drum (62). The driving mechanism includes a first pressure plate (32) fixed to the oblique cutter (3) and a second pressure plate (64) fixed to the upper end of the guide shaft (63). When the oblique cutter (3) moves down, the first pressure plate (32) pushes the second pressure plate (64) down in sequence, causing the rotating drum (62) to rotate and press the upper pressure plate (61) against the part of the metal plate that is being cut.

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