A waste pre-treatment apparatus and a treatment method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a garbage pretreatment equipment and a treatment method thereof, and relates to the technical field of garbage pretreatment. The equipment comprises a frame, a right-angle motor, a grid plate and a cleaning mechanism. Symmetrical support plates are arranged on the two sides of the frame. Rotation shafts are connected to the upper and lower sides of the frame. The right-angle motor is installed outside the frame, and the output shaft of the right-angle motor is connected with the rotation shafts. Chain wheels are installed at the two ends of the rotation shafts. Chains are arranged on the two chain wheels on the same side. The grid plate is arranged between the two chains. The grid plate is uniformly provided with rake teeth. The cleaning mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the frame. When the rake teeth are in contact with the cleaning assembly, the end part of the rake teeth is bent and pressed against the push plate, so that the torsional spring is twisted. The cutting knife moves to cut off the residual impurities on the rake teeth. After the rake teeth are separated from the push plate, the torsional spring drives the push plate to return to the original position, and the cut-off impurities are pushed and scattered. Meanwhile, the cleaning brush is driven to rotate through the bevel gear transmission during the returning process of the push plate, so that the rake teeth are comprehensively cleaned, and the residual impurities on the rake teeth can be effectively removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of waste pretreatment, and specifically to a waste pretreatment device and its treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of waste management, the treatment of landfill leachate is a crucial step. Landfill leachate contains a large number of impurities, and if not properly treated, it will not only cause serious environmental pollution but also affect the normal operation of subsequent treatment processes and equipment.

[0003] Currently, common landfill leachate impurity filtration equipment has many shortcomings. Because landfill leachate contains a wide variety of impurities, traditional bar screens easily leave stubborn impurities residue or become entangled on the rake teeth during the filtration and lifting process. These residues accumulate with the continuous operation of the rake teeth, not only reducing filtration efficiency but also potentially affecting the stable operation and lifespan of the equipment. Furthermore, existing cleaning methods are mostly simple and insufficient to completely remove residual impurities from the rake teeth, failing to meet the demands of efficient and stable filtration in actual production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste pretreatment device and a treatment method thereof to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0005] A waste pretreatment device includes a frame, a right-angle motor, a grating plate, and a cleaning mechanism. The frame has symmetrical support plates on both sides, and rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the upper and lower sides of the frame. The right-angle motor is installed on the outside of the frame, and its output shaft is connected to one of the rotating shafts. Each rotating shaft has a sprocket installed at both ends. Chains are installed on the two sprockets on the same side, and a grating plate is installed between the two chains. The grating plate has a number of rake teeth with bent ends evenly distributed on it. The cleaning mechanism is located on the rear side of the frame and is used to clean the impurities remaining on the rake teeth.

[0006] Preferably, the rear side of the frame is provided with a guide hopper for discharging impurities.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a moving plate, cleaning components, a turntable, a first drive plate, and a second drive plate. The two ends of the moving plate are slidably connected to the slide rails at both ends of the guide hopper. The moving plate is evenly distributed with cleaning components corresponding to the same row of rake teeth. The turntable is installed at one end of one of the rotating shafts. One end of the first drive plate is hinged to the turntable by a pin. One end of the second drive plate is hinged to the other end of the first drive plate by a pin. The other end of the second drive plate is hinged to one end of the moving plate by a pin.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning component includes a fixing plate, a cutting knife, a dialing plate, a cleaning brush and a driving shaft. The fixing plate is arranged on the side of the moving plate, and a cutting knife is arranged on the top of the fixing plate. Two dialing plates are arranged in each fixing plate. The dialing plate is rotationally connected to both ends of the fixing plate through a connecting shaft. One end of each connecting shaft is sleeved with a torsion spring. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixing plate. The cleaning brush is rotationally connected to the installation groove on the lower side of the fixing plate, and a first bevel gear is arranged at one end thereof. The driving shaft is rotationally connected to the fixing block on the inner side of the fixing plate. A second bevel gear and a third bevel gear are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the driving shaft. The second bevel gear meshes with the fourth bevel gear on the dialing plate, and the third bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing plate is of a "U" - shaped structure.

[0010] Preferably, two cutting knives are provided and symmetrically arranged on the top of the fixing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a housing is arranged outside the installation groove of the fixing plate.

[0012] Preferably, the dialing plate is arranged in the fixing plate in an "eight" - shaped structure.

[0013] The treatment method of the above - mentioned garbage pretreatment equipment includes the following steps: S1. Start the right - angle motor. The right - angle motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The turntable on the rotating shaft drives the moving plate to slide. The sprocket wheel drives the grille plate to rotate through the chain. The rake teeth on the grille plate filter and lift the impurities in the garbage leachate. S2. When the impurities are lifted to the highest point of the grille plate by the rake teeth, at this time, the moving plate gradually moves from the farthest position from the grille plate to the position close to the grille plate. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the impurities are exported to the collection box through the guide hopper. S3. When the rake teeth contact the cleaning component, the bend at the end of the rake teeth squeezes the two dialing plates inward. The torsion spring on the connecting shaft is twisted. At the same time, the moving plate drives the fixing plate to continue moving, and the moving cutting knife cuts the impurities remaining on the rake teeth. S4. The rake teeth continue to move in the fixing plate. When the rake teeth disengage from the two dialing plates, under the action of the torsion spring, the dialing plates are driven to rotate in the reverse direction and reset, and the cut impurities are dialed upward and scattered. S5. During the reset process of the dialing plate, the cleaning brush is driven to rotate through bevel gear transmission, and the cleaning brush cleans the passing rake teeth.

[0014] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. When the grille plate rotates, the rake teeth on it can effectively filter and lift the impurities in the garbage leachate, realizing the efficient separation of impurities in the leachate, improving the filtration efficiency, and providing favorable conditions for subsequent garbage treatment processes.

[0015] 2. When the rake teeth contact the cleaning assembly, the ends of the rake teeth bend and press against the deflector plate, causing the torsion spring to twist. The cutter moves and cuts off the remaining impurities on the rake teeth. After the rake teeth disengage from the deflector plate, the torsion spring drives the deflector plate to reset, dispersing the cut impurities. Simultaneously, during the deflector plate's reset process, the cleaning brush rotates via a bevel gear drive, thoroughly cleaning the rake teeth. This series of automatic cleaning processes effectively removes residual impurities from the rake teeth, preventing impurity accumulation from affecting the normal operation of the equipment and ensuring its long-term stable and efficient operation.

[0016] 3. When the bristles on the cleaning brush pass over the top wall of the mounting slot, the top wall of the mounting slot moves the bristles, causing any remaining impurities on the bristles to be removed, thus keeping the cleaning brush clean. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grating plate and cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component and the grid plate of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dial plate, connecting shaft and torsion spring of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the dial plate and the cleaning brush of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 11. Support plate; 12. Guide hopper; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Right-angle motor; 4. Grating plate; 41. Rake teeth; 5. Cleaning mechanism; 51. Moving plate; 52. Cleaning component; 521. Fixing plate; 5211. Mounting slot; 522. Cutter; 523. Pulley; 524. Connecting shaft; 5241. Torsion spring; 525. Cleaning brush; 5251. Bevel gear one; 526. Drive shaft; 5261. Bevel gear two; 5262. Bevel gear three; 5263. Fixing block; 527. Bevel gear four; 528. Housing; 53. Turntable; 54. Drive plate one; 55. Drive plate two. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0029] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a waste pretreatment device and its treatment method, including a frame 1, a right-angle motor 3, a grid plate 4 and a cleaning mechanism 5. Support plates 11 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame 1, and a guide hopper 12 for discharging impurities is provided on the rear side of the frame 1. The guide hopper 12 can guide the discharged impurities to the collection box for collection. It should be noted that the upper and lower sides of the frame 1 are respectively rotatably connected to the shaft 2. The right-angle motor 3 is installed on the outside of the frame 1 and its output shaft is connected to one of the shafts 2. Each shaft 2 has a sprocket installed at both ends. The two sprockets on the same side are provided with chains. A grid plate 4 is provided between the two chains. The grid plate 4 is evenly distributed with several rake teeth 41 with bent ends. The rake teeth 41 are used to filter and lift the impurities in the landfill leachate. It should be noted that the cleaning mechanism 5 is located on the rear side of the frame 1 and is used to clean the impurities remaining on the rake teeth 41. The cleaning mechanism 5 includes a moving plate 51, a cleaning component 52, a turntable 53, a drive plate 1 54 and a drive plate 2 55. The two ends of the moving plate 51 are slidably connected to the slide rails at both ends of the guide hopper 12. In addition, the moving plate 51 is evenly distributed with cleaning components 52 corresponding to the same row of rake teeth 41. The cleaning components 52 include a fixed plate 521, a cutter 522, a deflector 523, a cleaning brush 525 and a drive shaft 526. The fixed plate 521 has a "U" shaped structure and is located on the side of the moving plate 51. Two cutters 522 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fixed plate 521. Each fixed plate 521 has two deflectors 523 arranged in a "V" shaped structure. The deflectors 523 are rotatably connected to both ends of the fixed plate 521 through a connecting shaft 524. A torsion spring 5241 is sleeved on one end of each connecting shaft 524. One end of the torsion spring 5241 is connected to the connecting shaft 524, and the other end of the torsion spring 5241 is connected to the fixed plate 521. The deflector 523 resets under the torsion of the torsion spring 5241 and throws the cut impurities outward. In addition, the cleaning brush 525 is rotatably connected to the mounting groove 5211 on the lower side of the fixing plate 521 and one end of it is provided with a bevel gear 5251. The fixing plate 521 is provided with a housing 528 on the outside of the mounting groove 5211, and part of the cleaning brush 525 can be covered by the housing 528. However, the drive shaft 526 is rotatably connected to the fixing block 5263 on the inner side of the fixing plate 521. The upper and lower ends of the drive shaft 526 are respectively equipped with bevel gear 2 5261 and bevel gear 3 5262. The bevel gear 2 5261 meshes with bevel gear 4 527 on the lever plate 523, and the bevel gear 3 5262 meshes with bevel gear 1 5251. Meanwhile, the turntable 53 is installed at one end of one of the rotating shafts 2, one end of the drive plate 1 54 is hinged to the turntable 53 by a pin, one end of the drive plate 2 55 is hinged to the other end of the drive plate 1 54 by a pin, and the other end of the drive plate 2 55 is hinged to one end of the moving plate 51 by a pin.

[0031] Detailed implementation methods and principles: When filtering leachate from the waste, the right-angle motor 3 is activated, driving the rotating shaft 2 to rotate. The turntable 53 on the rotating shaft 2 drives the moving plate 51 to slide along the slide rail on the guide hopper 12 via the drive plate 1 54 and drive plate 2 55. The sprocket on the rotating shaft 2 drives the grid plate 4 to rotate via the chain. The rake teeth 41 on the grid plate 4 filter and lift impurities in the leachate. When the impurities are lifted by the rake teeth 41 to the highest point of the grid plate 4, the moving plate 51 gradually moves from the furthest point from the grid plate 4 to the closest point. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the impurities are discharged into the collection box through the guide hopper 12. When the rake teeth 41 come into contact with the cleaning component 52, the bending at the end of the rake teeth 41 squeezes the two baffle plates 523 inward, and the torsion spring 5241 on the connecting shaft 524 is twisted. At the same time, the moving plate 51 drives the fixed plate 52. 1. The moving cutter 522 cuts off the remaining impurities on the rake teeth 41. The rake teeth 41 continue to move in the fixed plate 521. When it disengages from the two levers 523, the levers 523 are rotated in the opposite direction and reset under the action of the torsion spring 5241, which pushes the cut impurities upward and disperses them. During the reset process of the levers 523, the bevel gear 47 drives the bevel gear 2 5261 to rotate. The bevel gear 3 5262 on the drive shaft 526 drives the bevel gear 1 5251 and the cleaning brush 525 to rotate. The rotating cleaning brush 525 brushes and cleans the rake teeth 41, making the rake teeth 41 cleaner. When the bristles on the cleaning brush 525 pass the top wall of the mounting groove 5211, the top wall of the mounting groove 5211 pushes the bristles on the cleaning brush 525, causing the remaining impurities on the bristles to be pushed off.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste pretreatment device, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1), a right-angle motor (3), a grille plate (4) and a cleaning mechanism (5). Support plates (11) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame (1). Rotating shafts (2) are respectively rotatably connected to the upper and lower sides in the frame (1). The right-angle motor (3) is installed outside the frame (1) and its output shaft is connected to one of the rotating shafts (2). Sprockets are respectively installed at both ends of each rotating shaft (2). Chains are arranged on the two sprockets on the same side. A grille plate (4) is arranged between the two chains. A number of rake teeth (41) with bent ends are evenly distributed on the grille plate (4). The cleaning mechanism (5) is arranged at the rear side of the frame (1) and is used to clean the impurities remaining on the rake teeth (41); The cleaning mechanism (5) includes a moving plate (51), a cleaning component (52), a turntable (53), a driving plate one (54) and a driving plate two (55). Both ends of the moving plate (51) are respectively slidably connected to the slide rails at both ends of the material guiding hopper (12). Cleaning components (52) corresponding to the same row of rake teeth (41) are evenly distributed on the moving plate (51). The turntable (53) is installed at one end of one of the rotating shafts (2). One end of the driving plate one (54) is hinged to the turntable (53) through a pin shaft. One end of the driving plate two (55) is hinged to the other end of the driving plate one (54) through a pin shaft. The other end of the driving plate two (55) is hinged to one end of the moving plate (51) through a pin shaft; The cleaning component (52) includes a fixing plate (521), a cutter (522), a dialing plate (523), a cleaning brush (525) and a driving shaft (526). The fixing plate (521) is arranged on the side surface of the moving plate (51). A cutter (522) is arranged on the top of the fixing plate (521). Two dialing plates (523) are arranged in each fixing plate (521). The dialing plates (523) are rotatably connected to both ends of the fixing plate (521) through a connecting shaft (524). One end of each connecting shaft (524) is sleeved with a torsion spring (5241). One end of the torsion spring (5241) is connected to the connecting shaft (524), and the other end of the torsion spring (5241) is connected to the fixing plate (521). The cleaning brush (525) is rotatably connected to the installation groove (5211) on the lower side of the fixing plate (521) and a bevel gear one (5251) is arranged at one end of it. The driving shaft (526) is rotatably connected to the fixing block (5,263) on the inner side of the fixing plate (521). Bevel gears two (5261) and bevel gears three (5262) are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the driving shaft (526). The bevel gear two (5261) meshes with the bevel gear four (527) on the dialing plate (523). The bevel gear three (5262) meshes with the bevel gear one (5251); A material guiding hopper (12) for discharging impurities is arranged at the rear side of the frame (1).

2. The waste pretreatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate (521) is of a "U" - shaped structure.

3. The waste pretreatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two cutters (522) and they are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fixing plate (,21).

4. The waste pretreatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A housing (528) is arranged outside the installation groove (5211) of the fixing plate (521).

5. A waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dial plate (523) is arranged in a figure-eight shape in the fixed plate (521).

6. A method for pre-treating waste, characterized in that: The processing method is applicable to a waste pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1-5, and the processing method includes the following steps: S1. Start the right-angle motor (3). The right-angle motor (3) drives the rotating shaft (2) to rotate. The turntable (53) on the rotating shaft (2) drives the moving plate (51) to slide. The sprocket drives the grid plate (4) to rotate through the chain. The rake teeth (41) on the grid plate (4) filter and lift the impurities in the landfill leachate. S2. When the impurities are lifted to the highest point of the grid plate (4) by the rake teeth (41), the moving plate (51) gradually moves from the furthest point away from the grid plate (4) to the closest point to the grid plate (4). At the same time, under the action of gravity, the impurities are discharged into the collection box through the guide hopper (12). S3. When the rake teeth (41) come into contact with the cleaning component (52), the bending at the end of the rake teeth (41) presses the two baffles (523) inward, the torsion spring (5241) on the connecting shaft (524) is twisted, and at the same time the moving plate (51) drives the fixed plate (521) to continue to move, and the moving cutter (522) cuts off the impurities remaining on the rake teeth (41). S4. The rake teeth (41) continue to move in the fixed plate (521). When the rake teeth (41) disengage from the two dial plates (523), the dial plates (523) are driven to rotate in the opposite direction and reset under the action of the torsion spring (5241), and the cut impurities are pushed upward and dispersed. S5. During the resetting process of the dial plate (523), the cleaning brush (525) will be driven to rotate through the bevel gear transmission, and the cleaning brush (525) will clean the rake teeth (41) that it passes through.

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