A communication terminal

Abstract

The application provides a communication terminal, which comprises a radio frequency chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator and a feeding structure. The first main radiator, the second main radiator and the feeding structure are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the orthographic projection of the first main radiator on a first plane and the orthographic projection of the second main radiator on the first plane at least partially coincide, so that the first main radiator and the second main radiator form an antenna with a parallel structure. The first plane is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first main radiator and the second main radiator. The feeding structure is used for coupling and feeding the first main radiator and the second main radiator respectively. The feeding structure feeds the first main radiator and the second main radiator at the same time, improves the radiation efficiency of the first main radiator and the second main radiator in the antenna system, improves the communication effect of the antenna system and improves the communication capability of the communication terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology and the widespread adoption of smartphones, people's demands for mobile terminals are increasing, especially regarding their communication capabilities. Since mobile terminals achieve their communication capabilities through antenna systems, improving the performance of these systems is a crucial development direction in this field.

[0003] Currently, in mobile terminal antenna systems, an antenna can include multiple radiators. In one approach, these radiators can be arranged sequentially along their extension direction to form a serial structure; in another approach, they can be arranged side-by-side to form a parallel structure. Parallel antenna structures reduce the space occupied by the antenna compared to serial structures, which is beneficial for improving the integration and miniaturization of mobile terminals. However, the radiation efficiency of parallel structures is difficult to improve, and communication performance needs further enhancement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication terminal, which includes a parallel antenna system, and the first and second main radiators of the antenna system have good radiation efficiency, and the communication terminal has strong communication capability.

[0005] The communication terminal provided in this application includes an RF chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator, and a feeding structure. The first main radiator, the second main radiator, and the feeding structure are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The orthographic projections of the first and second main radiators on a first plane at least partially overlap, forming a parallel antenna structure. The first plane is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first and second main radiators; that is, viewed along the arrangement direction, the first and second main radiators at least partially overlap. The feeding structure is connected to the RF chip and is used to couple and feed the first and second main radiators respectively. The shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure and the first main radiator and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure and the second main radiator satisfy: -30%S1≤S1-S2≤30%S1. This allows the feeding structure to be coupled to the first main radiator and the second main radiator, so that the feeding structure can simultaneously feed the first and second main radiators. This improves the radiation efficiency of the first and second main radiators in the parallel structure of the antenna system, enhances the communication performance of the antenna system, and improves the communication capability of the communication terminal.

[0006] In the specific technical solution, the shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure and the first main radiator and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure and the second main radiator satisfy: S1 = S2. In this solution, the feeding structure can feed the first and second main radiators symmetrically to achieve symmetrical feeding, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna system.

[0007] When specifically configuring the antenna system described above, various specific schemes are possible. For example, the feeding structure, the first main radiator, and the second main radiator can be located on the same plane. This scheme facilitates the layout of the feeding structure, the first main radiator, and the second main radiator, ensuring that the feeding structure is located between the first and second main radiators, and that the distance between the feeding structure and both is the same or nearly the same, thereby facilitating symmetrical feeding.

[0008] Along the extension direction of the first main radiator, one end of the feed structure is located between the two ends of the first main radiator. This allows one side of the feed structure to be coupled to the first main radiator, and another side to be coupled to the second main radiator. By adjusting the specific position of one end of the feed structure along the extension direction of the first main radiator, the coupling area between the feed structure and the first main radiator, as well as the coupling area between the feed structure and the second main radiator, can be adjusted to regulate the feeding effect. This allows for adjustments to the specific dimensions and shapes of various parts of the antenna system according to requirements.

[0009] In one technical solution, a gap exists between the feeding structure and the first main radiator along the extending direction of the first main radiator. In this solution, the first main radiator and the feeding structure are arranged along the extending direction of the first main radiator, allowing them to be located in the same component of the communication terminal; for example, both the first main radiator and the feeding structure can be located on the frame of the communication terminal.

[0010] To improve the feed coupling of the antenna system, the electrical length of the first main radiator is... The electric length of the second main radiator satisfy:- In this technical solution, both the first main radiator and the second main radiator are radiators with an electrical length of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength or both are radiators with an electrical length of 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, which makes the electrical lengths of the two main radiators relatively close, which is beneficial to improving the feeding symmetry.

[0011] In one technical solution, the first main radiator is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the second main radiator is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength, which allows... If the first principal radiator is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the second principal radiator is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, then it is possible to make This approach can also improve the feed symmetry of the antenna system.

[0012] In terms of physical structure, both the first and second main radiators are radiators with an electrical length of 1 / 2 dielectric wavelength or both are radiators with an electrical length of 1 / 4 dielectric wavelength. This allows the length L1 of the first main radiator 32 and the length L2 of the second main radiator 33 to satisfy: -20%L1≤L1-L2≤20%L1. The length difference between the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 does not exceed 20%, and both can be considered as parallel antenna structures in this embodiment, which is beneficial for achieving better communication performance of the antenna system. If the first main radiator 32 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 dielectric wavelength and the second main radiator 33 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 dielectric wavelength, then -20%L2≤1 / 2*L1-L2≤20%L2. If the first main radiator 32 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the second main radiator 33 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, then -20%L1≤L1-1 / 2*L2≤20%L1. This scheme can also improve the feed symmetry of the antenna system.

[0013] In this application, the feeding structure can be selected in several ways. For example, the electrical length of the feeding structure is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and both ends of the feeding structure are open terminals. Alternatively, the electrical length of the feeding structure is 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the feeding structure is an open terminal, while the other end is a ground terminal. The dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the feeding structure within its operating frequency band. Specifically, the specific structure of the feeding structure can be selected and designed according to the communication requirements of the antenna system based on the structure and layout of the communication terminal.

[0014] Similarly, the specific structures of the first and second main radiators in the embodiments of this application can have various selections and combinations. For example, if both the first and second main radiators consist of only one linear main branch, then the electrical length of the first main radiator is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the second main radiator is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength; or, the electrical length of the first main radiator is 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the second main radiator is 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength; or, the electrical length of the first main radiator is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the second main radiator is 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength; the dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the feeding structure within the operating frequency band.

[0015] In one specific technical solution, the first main radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, with a gap between the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator. The end of the first sub-radiator away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the second sub-radiator away from the gap is also grounded.

[0016] Similarly, the second main radiator includes a third sub-radiator and a fourth sub-radiator, with a gap between the third and fourth sub-radiators. The end of the third sub-radiator away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the fourth sub-radiator away from the gap is also grounded.

[0017] Specifically, the specific structure of the first and second main radiators can be selected and designed based on the communication requirements of the antenna system according to the structure and layout of the communication terminal.

[0018] The location of the aforementioned power supply structure can include at least one of the following: a conductive structure on an insulating support or insulating back cover, a partially conductive structure on the frame, and a microstrip line located on the circuit board. The specific design can be tailored to the requirements.

[0019] Similarly, the first main radiator and the second main radiator may each include at least one conductive structure disposed on an insulating support or insulating back cover, a partial conductive structure of the frame, and a microstrip line located on the circuit board. The first main radiator and the second main radiator may be disposed in the same or different positions. For example, the first main radiator and the second main radiator may include a conductive structure disposed on an insulating support, or the first main radiator may include a conductive structure disposed on an insulating back cover, and the second main radiator may include a partial conductive structure of the frame, etc.

[0020] By simultaneously coupling and feeding the first and second main radiators using a feeding structure, the direction of the current excited by the feeding structure on the first main radiator is in the same direction as the direction of the current excited by the feeding structure on the second main radiator. This improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna system and enhances the communication capability of the communication terminal.

[0021] The aforementioned communication terminal can also be a foldable mobile terminal. Specifically, the communication terminal further includes a first housing, a second housing, and a first pivot. The first and second housings can be folded or unfolded relative to the first pivot, thereby realizing the folding and unfolding of the communication terminal. The first main radiator is located in the first housing, and the second main radiator is located in the second housing. When the first and second housings are in the folded state, their arrangement direction is the thickness direction of the communication terminal. This scheme allows the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal to form a parallel structure in the folded state, and the parallel structure is symmetrically fed through a feeding structure, enabling the foldable mobile terminal to have good communication capabilities even in the folded state.

[0022] In the specific technical solution, both the RF chip and the power supply structure are located in the first housing. This results in a shorter distance between the power supply structure and the RF chip, reducing signal loss along the signal transmission path and improving the signal transmission quality of the communication system.

[0023] Since both the feeding structure and the first main radiator are located within the first housing, the distance between the feeding structure and the first main radiator is relatively short, while the distance between the feeding structure and the second main radiator is relatively long. Therefore, the length of the second main radiator is set to be shorter than the length of the first main radiator. This makes the intensity of the coupling current generated by the first main radiator and the intensity of the coupling current generated by the second main radiator similar, forming a symmetrically fed antenna architecture, which is beneficial for improving the radiation efficiency of the parallel structure antenna.

[0024] Specifically, when configuring the first and second main radiators, the first main radiator can be a partially conductive structure of the frame of the first housing, and the second main radiator can be a partially conductive structure of the frame of the second housing. This solution is advantageous in reusing the first and second housings of the communication terminal, without occupying the internal space of the first and second housings, and is beneficial in improving the integration of the communication terminal.

[0025] Furthermore, the aforementioned power supply structure is a partially conductive structure of the frame of the first housing. Similarly, the power supply structure in this solution also reuses the first housing, which helps to improve the integration of the communication terminal.

[0026] When both the first main radiator and the feeding structure are located on the edge of the first housing, there is a first gap between the feeding structure and the first main radiator, the width of which is less than or equal to 2 mm. This allows the feeding structure and the first main radiator to have good coupling even when arranged sequentially, thus improving the communication capability of the antenna system.

[0027] In another technical solution, the aforementioned feeding structure is disposed within the first housing. The feeding structure and the first main radiator have a second gap along a third direction. The width s of the second gap satisfies the following conditions: when the operating frequency band of the first main radiator is between 0.6 GHz and 1.6 GHz, 0.15 mm ≤ s ≤ 5 mm; when the operating frequency band of the first main radiator is between 1.6 GHz and 6 GHz, 0.3 mm ≤ s ≤ 7 mm; the third direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction and the extension direction of the first main radiator. The feeding structure satisfies these conditions, which is beneficial for effectively feeding the first and second main radiators, thereby improving the feed line effect and enhancing the communication capability of the antenna system.

[0028] In a further technical solution, the aforementioned communication terminal may also include a three-fold foldable mobile terminal. The communication terminal also includes a second hinge and a third housing, wherein: the first housing, the first hinge, the third housing, the second hinge, and the second housing are connected sequentially; the power supply structure is located in the third housing. This design facilitates the symmetrical arrangement of the first and second main radiators on both sides of the power supply structure to achieve symmetrical power supply.

[0029] Specifically, the aforementioned feeding structure can be a portion of the conductive structure of the frame of the third housing. Utilizing a portion of the conductive structure of the third housing as the feeding structure helps reduce the space occupied by the antenna system and improves the integration of the communication terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system of a communication terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first main radiator in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first main radiator in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna system structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a side view of the antenna system along the second direction in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a side view of the antenna system along the second direction in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a side view of the antenna system along the second direction in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system architecture of a communication terminal in a comparative example;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system architecture of a communication terminal in a comparative example;

[0043] Figure 14 A comparison diagram of return loss between the antenna system in the comparative example and the antenna system in this application;

[0044] Figure 15 A comparison diagram showing the system radiation efficiency of an antenna system in the comparative example and an antenna system in this application;

[0045] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of an unfolded communication terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of an unfolded communication terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication terminal in one unfolded state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication terminal in a folded state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 29 This is a comparison diagram of the return loss of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the unfolded state and the folded state in the embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 30 This is a comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the unfolded state and the folded state in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 31 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 32 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 33 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 34 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 35 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 36 for Figure 28 A cross-sectional view of the antenna system at point AA;

[0066] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a communication terminal in an embodiment of this application.

[0067] Figure label:

[0068] 1-Shell; 100-Cover plate;

[0069] 200 - Display screen / module; 300 - Printed circuit board;

[0070] 400 - Mid-frame; 500 - Back cover;

[0071] 600 - Frame; 11 - First housing;

[0072] 12-Second housing; 13-First rotating shaft;

[0073] 14-Second pivot; 15-Third housing;

[0074] 31-RF chip;

[0075] 32-First primary radiator; 321-First secondary radiator;

[0076] 322 - Second sub-radiator; 33 - Second main radiator;

[0077] 331 - Third sub-radiator; 332 - Fourth sub-radiator;

[0078] 34 - Feed structure; 35 - Sub-node;

[0079] M - First plane;

[0080] N - Arrangement direction; X - First direction;

[0081] Y - Second direction; Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0083] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0084] References to “an embodiment” or “a specific embodiment” as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0085] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0086] Radiator: In an antenna, this is the device used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the term "antenna" is narrowly defined as a radiator, which converts guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via a feed line, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a specific polarization from a specific direction in space back into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is then transmitted to the receiver input via a feed line.

[0087] Ground / Plug: This can broadly refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within a communication terminal (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground / Plug" can be used for grounding components within the communication terminal. In one embodiment, "Ground / Plug" may include any one or more of the following: a grounding layer of the communication terminal's circuit board, a ground plane formed by the communication terminal's frame, a grounding metal layer formed by a metal film beneath the screen, a conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metallic components electrically connected to the aforementioned grounding layer / ground plane / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as glass fiber or polymers.

[0088] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0089] Radio frequency (RF) chip: This is the combination of all components of an antenna used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. In the case of a receiving antenna, the RF chip can be considered as the antenna section from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the RF chip can be seen as the section after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the RF chip can also be understood as the feed unit. The RF chip has the function of converting radio waves into electrical signals and sending them to the receiver components. Generally, it is considered part of the antenna system for converting radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Maximum power transfer capability and efficiency should be considered when designing an antenna. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched with the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. Matching can be achieved by considering frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0090] Feed line: Also called a transmission line, it refers to the connection line between the antenna's radio frequency chip and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator where it connects to the transmission line is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include conductive transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. Depending on the implementation, transmission lines can include bracket antenna bodies or glass antenna bodies. Depending on the carrier, transmission lines can be implemented using LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or PCB (Printed Circuit Board), etc.

[0091] Communication / Operating Frequency Band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. Bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (e.g., the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable range of the center frequency.

[0092] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band can be the same or different, or their frequency ranges can partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of the antenna can cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0093] Medium wavelength: refers to the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in a medium at the operating frequency band. For example, if the operating frequency band is [f1, f2], the corresponding medium wavelength is also the range [w1, w2]. Alternatively, to simplify calculations, the above-mentioned medium wavelength can also refer to the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in the medium at the center frequency f0 of the operating frequency band. In this case, the medium wavelength is a specific value w0.

[0094] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0095] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency.

[0096] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram within the range of -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna radiation efficiency; the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0097] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0098] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. The active power input to the antenna equals the antenna's input power minus the power loss. Power loss mainly includes return loss power, ohmic loss power of the metal, and / or dielectric loss power. Both metal loss and dielectric loss are factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that radiation efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the radiation efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0100] dB: This stands for decibel, a logarithmic concept with base 10. Decibels are used to evaluate the proportional relationship between two physical quantities; they themselves have no physical dimensions. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, D = 1, then A / D = 20 dB; B / D = 10 dB; C / D = 7 dB; B / C = 3 dB. In other words, a 10-decibel difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20-decibel difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3-decibel difference is a 2-fold difference between the two quantities.

[0101] The term "end" in the context of the main radiator's first / second / third / fourth / grounding / open end should not be narrowly interpreted as an endpoint or end point physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also refer to a segment of the main radiator including the first endpoint, which is the endpoint of the main radiator at the gap. For example, the first end of the main radiator can be considered a segment of the main radiator within a range of one-eighth of a first wavelength from the first endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the main radiator, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. In one embodiment, "end / point" can include a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, a feed end / feed point can be a coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to a feed structure (e.g., a region facing a part of the feed structure). Similarly, a grounding end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling region on the radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0102] Open and Closed Terminals: In some embodiments, open and closed terminals are defined relative to whether or not they are grounded; the closed terminal is grounded, and the open terminal is not grounded. In one embodiment, the open terminal may also be referred to as a floating terminal, a free terminal, an open terminal, or an open-circuit terminal. In one embodiment, the closed terminal may also be referred to as a grounded terminal or a short-circuit terminal. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open terminal to transfer coupled energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0103] In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors, with the closed end electrically connected to other conductors and the open end not electrically connected to other conductors.

[0104] To put it simply, the "open end" of a radiator can be defined as one end of the radiator that is spaced apart from the floor or coupled to the floor through a capacitive device.

[0105] To put it simply, the "grounding terminal" of a radiator can be understood as: if one end of the radiator is directly connected to the floor or coupled to the floor through an inductive device, it can be regarded as the grounding terminal of the radiator.

[0106] In some embodiments, the understanding of "closed end" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. A closed end or ground end can be understood as a point of high current or low electric field on a radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., inductive devices) through a closed end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field. In one embodiment, opening a slit at or near the closed end (e.g., filling the slit with insulating material) can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point of high current / low electric field.

[0107] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open terminal" can also be from the perspective of current distribution. An open terminal or a floating terminal can be understood as a point with a small current or a point with a large electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (e.g., capacitive devices) through an open terminal can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the point with a small current or a large electric field.

[0108] It should be understood that when an electronic device (e.g., capacitor, inductor, etc.) is coupled at the radiator end of a gap (which, from the perspective of the radiator's structure, resembles a radiator at the opening of an open or suspended end), the radiator end can be a point with a large current / small electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0109] Capacitance: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance includes capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) includes the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0110] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the time it takes for an electrical or electromagnetic signal to travel in a medium to the time required for that signal to travel a distance in free space equal to the physical length of the medium. Electrical length can be expressed by the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0113] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0114]

[0115] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0116] In some embodiments of this application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as within ±20% of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, within ±10% or within ±5%.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna (such as half-wavelength mode, etc.) can refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna. It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: Wavelength = Speed ​​of light / Frequency, where the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiated signal in a medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium, and the frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal.

[0118] Coupling: In this application, it can be understood as indirect coupling, and "coupled connection" can be understood as indirect coupling connection. "Indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors conducting electricity through a gap / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0119] The limitations mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolute and strict mathematical definitions. There can be a predetermined angular deviation between two mutually parallel or perpendicular structures. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold can be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold can be 0.5 mm or 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle can be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0120] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, "perpendicular" means that there can be a predetermined angle deviation between the two. For example, the predetermined angle can be 85°, 86°, 87°, 88°, 89°, 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94° or 95°, etc.

[0121] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of this application, "parallel" means that there can be a predetermined angular deviation between the two. For example, the predetermined angle can be 0°, 0.5°, 1°, 1.5°, 2°, 3°, 4°, 4.5°, or 5°, etc.

[0122] To facilitate understanding of the communication terminal provided in this application embodiment, its application scenario is first introduced below. The communication terminal in this application embodiment refers to a terminal with communication functions. Specifically, it can refer to a communication terminal employing one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The communication terminal in this application embodiment can include a fixed terminal or a mobile terminal. For example, a mobile terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, smart bracelet, smartwatch, smart helmet, and smart glasses; a fixed terminal can be a router, smart TV, smart home device, smart speaker, and desktop computer. In addition, the aforementioned communication terminal may also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a communication terminal in a 5G network, or a communication terminal in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0123] Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of a communication terminal provided in this application is illustrated, with a mobile phone as the example. Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the communication terminal includes a cover 100, a display / module 200, a printed circuit board (PCB) 300, a middle frame 400, and a rear cover 500. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 100 may be a glass cover, or it may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc. In one embodiment, the cover 100, the middle frame 400, and the rear cover 500 can all be considered as part of the housing.

[0124] The cover plate 100 can be set close to the display screen 200, and can be mainly used to protect the display screen 200 from dust.

[0125] In one embodiment, the display screen 200 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0126] The 400mm mid-frame primarily serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1 The diagram shows PCB 300 positioned between the middle frame 400 and the back cover 500. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 300 may also be positioned between the middle frame 400 and the display screen 200; this application does not impose any limitations on this. The printed circuit board PCB 300 may be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric, or it may be made of Rogers dielectric, or a hybrid dielectric of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are mounted on PCB 300.

[0127] In one embodiment, a metal layer may be disposed on the printed circuit board 300. This metal layer can be used to ground electronic components carried on the PCB 300, or to ground other components such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be referred to as a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in the PCB 300. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be disposed on the side of the PCB 300 near the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the edge of the PCB 300 can be considered as the edge of its grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 400 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The communication terminal may also have other ground planes / grounding plates, as previously described, which will not be repeated here.

[0128] The communication terminal may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 400 and the back cover 500, or between the middle frame 400 and the display screen 200, and this application does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 300 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 400 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 400 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0129] The communication terminal may also include a frame 600, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 600 may be disposed between the display screen 200 and the back cover 500 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the communication terminal. The frame 600 may have four sides surrounding the display screen 200 to help secure the display screen 200. In one implementation, the frame 600 made of metal can be directly used as the metal frame of the communication terminal, forming a metal frame appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 600 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, forming a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0130] The middle frame 400 may include a border 600. The middle frame 400, including the border 600, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 100 and the rear cover 500 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the border to form the outer shell or housing of the communication terminal. Alternatively, the border 600 may not be considered part of the middle frame 400. In one embodiment, the border 600 may be connected to the middle frame 400 and integrally formed. In another embodiment, the border 600 may include an inwardly extending protrusion to connect with the middle frame 400, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. In one embodiment, the cover plate 100, the rear cover 500, the border 600, and the middle frame 400 may be collectively referred to as the outer shell or housing of the communication terminal. It should be understood that "outer shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 100, rear cover 500, frame 600 or middle frame 400, or to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 100, rear cover 500, frame 600 or middle frame 400.

[0131] The back cover 500 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive materials, such as glass or plastic; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.

[0132] In one embodiment, the frame 600 can at least partially function as a radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. This portion of the frame acting as the radiator may have gaps between itself and other parts of the middle frame 400, or between itself and the middle frame 400, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near this portion of the frame acting as the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture located inside the communication terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the communication terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or more of the middle frame, battery, circuit board, back cover, display screen, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the middle frame. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the slot / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame, dividing the frame 600 into two parts without a direct connection at the slit. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the apertures provided in the conductive material can communicate with the slots or breaks in the frame to form a continuous aperture on the surface of the communication terminal.

[0133] In one embodiment, the radiator of the communication terminal may also be disposed within the frame 600. The frame 600 comprises a non-conductive material, and the radiator of the antenna may be located within the communication terminal and disposed along the frame 600, or the radiator may be at least partially embedded within the non-conductive material of the frame. In one embodiment, the radiator is disposed close to the non-conductive material of the frame 600 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the communication terminal, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "disposed close to the frame 600" means that the radiator can be disposed tightly against the frame 600, or it can be disposed close to the frame 600, for example, there may be a small gap between the radiator and the frame 600.

[0134] In one embodiment, the radiator of the communication terminal may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna, etc. Figure 1(Not shown in the image). A gap may exist between the radiator located within the housing and other conductive components inside the housing to ensure a good radiation environment for the radiator. In one embodiment, an aperture may be provided near the radiator. In one embodiment, the aperture may include an aperture located inside the communication terminal, for example, an aperture not visible from the exterior of the communication terminal. In one embodiment, the internal aperture may be formed by any one or more of the frame, mid-frame, battery, circuit board, back cover, display screen, and other internal conductive components; for example, the internal aperture may be formed by a structural component of the mid-frame. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the frame 600. In one embodiment, the slot / slit / opening on the frame 600 may be a slit formed on the frame, at which the frame 600 is divided into two parts without a direct connection. In one embodiment, the aperture may also include a slot / slit / opening on the back cover 500 or the display screen 200. In one embodiment, the back cover 500 includes a conductive material, and the apertures formed in the conductive material can communicate with the slots or breaks in the frame to form continuous apertures on the surface of the communication terminal. In one embodiment, the apertures on the back cover 500 or the display screen can also be used to house other devices, such as cameras, and / or sensors, and / or microphones, and / or speakers, etc.

[0135] In one embodiment, the antenna can be based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), a laser-direct structuring (LDS) antenna, or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA). In another embodiment, the antenna can be a transparent or semi-transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the communication terminal, making it a transparent antenna element embedded inside the screen of the communication terminal.

[0136] Figure 1 The diagram only schematically illustrates some of the components included in the communication terminal; the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0137] To enable communication functions, a communication terminal includes an antenna system, which typically comprises multiple radiators arranged in a parallel structure. This reduces the space occupied by the antenna system, thereby improving the integration and miniaturization of the mobile terminal. However, the radiation efficiency of the parallel structure is limited, and communication performance needs further improvement.

[0138] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system of the communication terminal in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the antenna system of the communication terminal includes a radio frequency chip 31, a first main radiator 32, a second main radiator 33, and a feeding structure 34. The first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, forming a parallel structure. Specifically, the orthographic projection of the first main radiator 32 onto the first plane M and the orthographic projection of the second main radiator 33 onto the first plane M at least partially overlap, and the first plane M is perpendicular to the arrangement direction N of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. Please refer to... Figure 2 In one specific embodiment, the arrangement direction N is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first main radiator 32, and the extension direction of the first main radiator 32 is parallel to the first plane M. Viewed along the arrangement direction N, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 at least partially overlap.

[0139] The aforementioned feeding structure 34 is connected to the RF chip 31, thereby receiving the feeding signal from the RF chip 31 and transmitting signals to the RF chip 31. The feeding structure 34 is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, forming a coupled connection between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32, and a coupled connection between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33. Here, "coupled connection" refers to "indirect coupling." Thus, the feeding structure 34 is coupled to the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 respectively, allowing the feeding structure 34 to transmit signals between the RF chip 31 and the first and second main radiators 32 and 33, enabling the first and second main radiators 32 and 33 to operate.

[0140] It is worth noting that the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 mentioned in the embodiments of this application are both main branches. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in practical applications, the aforementioned main branch may also be connected to a sub-branch 35. This sub-branch 35 is a branch connected to the main branch, and it does not necessarily extend in the same direction as the main branch. Moreover, the size of the sub-branch 35 is usually smaller than the size of the main branch. For example, it can be in a straight line, an L-shape, or a T-shape, etc. This application does not describe the sub-branch 35 in detail.

[0141] In this embodiment, the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feeding structure 34 are all understood as linear structures. However, they are not necessarily regular straight strips; their widths may vary along the extension direction. For ease of description, the first main radiator 32 is used as an example. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of the structures of two types of first main radiators 32 are shown, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the linear first main radiator 32, second main radiator 33, and feed structure 34 extend along a first direction X, which is the extension direction of the first main radiator 32, second main radiator 33, and feed structure 34. For ease of understanding of the extension direction, it is assumed that the maximum dimension L1 (extension direction) of the first main radiator 32 along the first direction X is greater than the maximum dimension W along the second direction Y. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the aforementioned "maximum dimension" refers to the distance between the two ends of the first main radiator 32 that are furthest apart along this direction.

[0142] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 may include multiple staggered rectangular strips to facilitate the fabrication of the first main radiator 32 using the structure of the communication terminal itself or to avoid other structures that may interfere with its structure. Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 can also be understood as a straight strip radiator with a groove. In particular, the first main radiator 32 on a circuit board or other dielectric substrate support may avoid screws or metal structures on the dielectric substrate support.

[0143] In optional embodiments, the first main radiator 32 mainly includes a relatively regular shape such as a rectangle or trapezoid, and usually has parallel opposite sides. Based on this, there may be slotted structures such as semi-circular or rectangular slots to avoid interference structures.

[0144] Similarly, the second main radiator 33 and the feeding structure 34 in the embodiments of this application may also have the structural features of the first main radiator 32 described above, which will not be elaborated in detail in this application.

[0145] In one embodiment, the structure of the second main radiator 33 may be the same as or different from the structure of the first main radiator 32; this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the structure of the first main radiator 32 is the same as that of the second main radiator 33. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna system structure in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the structures of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are different.

[0146] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6The parallelism of the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feed structure 34 means that the extension directions of the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feed structure 34 are all the same, namely the first direction X. The first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can be arranged along the second direction Y, meaning the arrangement direction N of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can also be the second direction Y. For ease of description, a third direction Z is also included. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are all parallel to each other, and both the first direction X and the third direction Z are parallel to the first plane M. In other words, the first direction X and the third direction Z define the first plane M.

[0147] It is worth noting that the aforementioned arrangement direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the extension of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. Since the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are arranged in parallel, the arrangement direction of the parallel first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first main radiator 32. Simply put, since the opposite sides of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are both planes, the aforementioned arrangement direction can also be understood as the direction of the shortest line connecting the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator.

[0148] Figure 7 This is a side view of the antenna system along the second direction in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 7 There are multiple possibilities for the positional relationship between the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. In one possible embodiment, the orthographic projections of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 on the first plane M largely overlap, that is, viewed along the arrangement direction N, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 largely overlap. For example, the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 on the first plane M is greater than or equal to half the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first main radiator 32 on the first plane M. Further, the overlapping area of ​​the orthographic projections of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 on the first plane M is 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 95%, 98%, or 100% of the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first main radiator 32 on the first plane M. In a specific embodiment, such as... Figure 7As shown, the area of ​​the first main radiator 32 projected onto the first plane M is less than or equal to the area of ​​the second main radiator 33 projected onto the first plane M. The projected area of ​​the first main radiator 32 onto the first plane M is completely located within the projected area of ​​the second main radiator 33 onto the first plane M. Therefore, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 completely overlap when viewed along the arrangement direction N.

[0149] The positional relationship between the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can be designed and selected according to the operating frequency band of the antenna system and the dimensions of the feed structure 34, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. The positional relationship between the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 mainly affects the relative area of ​​the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32, as well as the relative area of ​​the feed structure 34 and the second main radiator 33.

[0150] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feed structure 34 are located on the same plane, which can specifically be a plane defined by the first direction X and the second direction Y. It is understood that the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feed structure 34 all have a certain thickness, and may deviate slightly in the thickness direction, but are generally located on the same plane. For example, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feed structure 34 are located on the surface of the same dielectric substrate.

[0151] Figure 8 This is a side view of the antenna system along the second direction in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are located in the same plane, while the feeding structure 34 is in a different plane than the plane containing the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. In other words, the feeding structure 34 is located outside the plane containing the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. Figure 8 As shown, the distance s between the aforementioned feed structure 34 and the plane containing the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can be designed and selected based on the operating frequency band of the antenna system, the size of the first main radiator 32, the size of the second main radiator 33, the size of the feed structure 34, and the space available for setting up the antenna system. For example, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are disposed on one dielectric substrate, and the feed structure 34 is disposed on another dielectric substrate; or, in another embodiment, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can be located on the frame of the communication terminal, while the feed structure 34 is disposed on the dielectric substrate.

[0152] It is worth noting that the above Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are located on the same plane, and the length of the first main radiator 32 along the first direction X and the length of the second main radiator 33 along the first direction X are the same. The second main radiator 33 blocks the first main radiator 32.

[0153] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 In one embodiment, along the extending direction of the first main radiator 32 (i.e., the first direction X), one end of the feeding structure 34 is located between the two ends of the first main radiator 32. Therefore, along the extending direction of the first main radiator 32, the feeding structure 34 is partially opposite to the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. The larger the area of ​​the feeding structure 34 opposite the first main radiator 32, the larger the coupling current to the first main radiator 32; the larger the area of ​​the feeding structure 34 opposite the second main radiator 33, the larger the coupling current to the second main radiator 33. A portion of the aforementioned feed structure 34 along the first direction X is located between the two ends of the first main radiator 32. For example, at least 10% of the feed structure 34 along the first direction X is located between the two ends of the first main radiator 32. Specifically, 12%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 44%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 68%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 90% of the feed structure 34 along the first direction X may be located between the two ends of the first main radiator 32.

[0154] Please refer to Figure 7 In one embodiment, the orthographic projections of the feeding structure 34, the first main radiator 32, and the second main radiator 33 onto the first plane M at least partially overlap. Viewed from the second direction Y, the first main radiator 32, the second main radiator 33, and the feeding structure 34 at least partially overlap.

[0155] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a side view of the antenna system along the second direction in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 8As shown, in one embodiment, a gap exists between the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 along the extending direction (i.e., the first direction X). In this embodiment, both ends of the feed structure 34 are located outside the ends of the first main radiator 32, and there is no overlap between the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 when viewed from the second direction Y. In this embodiment, both the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 can be disposed on the frame of the communication terminal to reduce the space occupied by the antenna system. In addition, an antenna system layout scheme can also be provided, which can be specifically arranged according to the actual structure of the communication terminal.

[0156] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an antenna system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 of the antenna system are fed by a feeding structure 34. The current direction excited by the feeding structure 34 in the first main radiator 32 is the same as the current direction excited by the feeding structure 34 in the second main radiator 33. That is, the feeding structure 34 excites a current mode in the same direction in the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, which can suppress reverse current. In specific embodiments, the above... Figure 10 and Figure 11 The current distribution of the antenna system at two different resonant points in the embodiments of this application are shown respectively. In summary, regardless of the resonant point, the current direction on the first main radiator 32 and the current direction on the second main radiator 33 of the antenna system in the embodiments of this application are in the same direction.

[0157] The current directions on the first and second main radiators mentioned in the embodiments of this application are in the same or opposite directions. This should be understood as the main current on the first and second main radiators having the same or opposite directions. The main current on the radiator can be understood as the main current at the center frequency of the radiator in its operating frequency band. It should also be understood that the first and second main radiators in the embodiments of this application are both linearly extending main radiators, and the aforementioned main current refers to the current flowing from one end of the main radiator to the other.

[0158] It is worth noting that the schematic diagrams of the antenna system architecture in the embodiments of this application are all exemplary. For example, the specific settings of the feed point, open end, and ground end can vary. For instance, there may be specific feed and ground locations, or electronic components may be included. Furthermore, the electronic components may differ in different implementations; for example, inductors, capacitors, or a combination of inductors and capacitors may be used. Taking the feed point as an example, the diagram is only used to illustrate the feed location. In a specific implementation, the feed line may be directly connected to the main radiator for feeding, or electronic components may be connected between the feed line and the main radiator, such as inductors, capacitors, or a combination of inductors and capacitors.

[0159] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system architecture of a communication terminal in the comparative example. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system architecture of a communication terminal in a comparative example. For example... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown in the comparative example, the first main radiator 32 is connected to the feed line, making it a main feed radiator. The second main radiator 33 is coupled to the first main radiator 32, causing it to generate a parasitic current and act as a parasitic radiator. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown in the comparative example, the feeder line will excite the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 to generate two forms of current in the same direction and current in opposite directions.

[0160] Figure 14 This is a comparison diagram of the return loss of the antenna system in the comparative example and the antenna system in this application. Figure 15 This is a comparison chart of the system radiation efficiency of the antenna system in the comparative example and the antenna system in this application. The dashed lines in the chart represent the curves corresponding to the antenna system provided in this application, while the solid lines represent the curves corresponding to the antenna system in the comparative example. Please refer to... Figures 10-15 In the comparative example, the antenna system generates two resonant points, at 0.85 GHz and 0.89 GHz respectively. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 of the antenna system generate reverse currents at the resonant point of 0.85 GHz. Figure 15 As shown, the radiation efficiency in this state is low, exhibiting a noticeable efficiency dip. Figure 13 As shown, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 of the antenna system generate currents in the same direction at the resonant point of 0.89 GHz. Figure 15As shown, the radiation efficiency in this state is relatively good; however, the bandwidth of the antenna system in the comparative example is poor, making it difficult to meet communication requirements. In the technical solution of this application, the antenna system generates two resonant points, at 0.86 GHz and 0.92 GHz respectively. The first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 of the antenna system generate currents in the same direction at both resonant points, and the current directions of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 change direction when the resonant points change. For example... Figure 10 As shown, exemplaryly, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 generate currents in the same direction at the resonant point of 0.86 GHz, and the direction of the current is the same as the direction of the current in the feed structure 34. Figure 15 As shown, the radiation efficiency is high in this state. For example... Figure 11 As shown, exemplaryly, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 also generate currents in the same direction at the resonant point of 0.92 GHz, and the direction of the current is opposite to the direction of the current in the feed structure 34. Figure 15 As shown, the radiation efficiency in this state is also relatively high. By using the feeding structure 34 to couple the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, the currents of the first main radiator and the second main radiator 33 are kept in the same direction, suppressing the reverse current, suppressing the efficiency dip of the antenna system, improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna system, and thus improving the communication capability of the communication terminal.

[0161] The technical solution of this application is applicable to various types of radiators. Specifically, each of the two main radiators may include a sub-radiator, which may be a sub-radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength; or, the sub-radiator may also be a sub-radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength. Alternatively, at least one of the two main radiators may include two sub-radiators, with a gap between the two sub-radiators, and both sub-radiators are grounded at the end furthest from the gap.

[0162] The power supply structure 34 in this application can also have various options. Specifically, the electrical length of the power supply structure 34 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, and both ends of the power supply structure 34 are open terminals. Alternatively, the electrical length of the power supply structure 34 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the power supply structure 34 is an open terminal, while the other end is a ground terminal. In this embodiment, the dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the power supply structure 34 within the operating frequency band.

[0163] The first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can each be any of the structures described above for the main radiator, and the feeding structure 34 can be any type of feeding structure, selected and designed according to actual needs. Several possible specific embodiments of the antenna system are listed below. For example... Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, with both ends of the feed structure 34 being open terminals. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 16 As shown, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the feed structure 34 is an open end and the other end is a ground end. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 17 As shown, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the feed structure 34 is an open end and the other end is a ground end. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 18 As shown, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, with both ends of the feed structure 34 being open terminals. Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 19 As shown, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, with both ends of the feed structure 34 being open terminals. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 20 As shown, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the feed structure 34 is an open end and the other end is a ground end. Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 21As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 includes a first sub-radiator 321 and a second sub-radiator 322, with a gap between them. The end of the first sub-radiator 321 away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the second sub-radiator 322 away from the gap is also grounded. The second main radiator 33 includes a third sub-radiator 331 and a fourth sub-radiator 332, with a gap between them. The end of the third sub-radiator 331 away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the fourth sub-radiator 332 away from the gap is also grounded. The electrical length of the feed structure 34 is half the dielectric wavelength, and both ends of the feed structure 34 are open terminals. Alternatively, in another embodiment, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are as follows: Figure 21 As shown, the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the feed structure 34 is an open end and the other end is a ground end. Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 22 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 includes a first sub-radiator 321 and a second sub-radiator 322, with a gap between them. The end of the first sub-radiator 321 away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the second sub-radiator 322 away from the gap is also grounded. The electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, with both ends of the feed structure 34 being open terminals. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 23 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 includes a first sub-radiator 321 and a second sub-radiator 322, with a gap between them. The end of the first sub-radiator 321 away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the second sub-radiator 322 away from the gap is also grounded. The electrical length of the second main radiator 33 is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the feed structure 34 is 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength. One end of the feed structure 34 is an open end, and the other end is a grounded end.

[0164] Figures 16-23 In the illustrated embodiment, along the arrangement direction of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, the feeding structure 34 overlaps with both the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 to a certain extent, allowing for a large overlap area. The feeding structure 34 forms magnetoelectric coupling with both the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33; that is, the relationship between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 includes both magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling, thus enhancing the coupling effect. Figure 24This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system architecture in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 24 As shown, in one embodiment, along the arrangement direction of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, the feeding structure 34 does not overlap with the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. Thus, the feeding structure 34 forms electric field coupling with the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 respectively, which can also realize the coupled feeding of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33.

[0165] The power supply structure 34 in this application can be at least one of the following: a conductive structure disposed on an insulating support or insulating back cover, a partially conductive structure on a frame, or a microstrip line located on a circuit board. In short, the power supply structure 34 in the embodiments of this application only needs to be able to achieve coupled power supply to the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, and there are various options for its specific configuration.

[0166] The main radiator in this application can also be a support main radiator or a partial structure of a metal frame. It is understood that the first main radiator 32 can be located on the support, and the second main radiator 33 can also be located on the support. Alternatively, the first main radiator 32 can be located on the metal frame of the communication terminal, and the second main radiator 33 can also be located on the metal frame of the communication terminal, etc.

[0167] The communication terminal in this embodiment can specifically be a foldable mobile terminal. Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of an unfolded communication terminal in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 25 As shown, the foldable mobile terminal in this embodiment may include a foldable bracket 1 and a flexible screen 2. The flexible screen 2 is mounted on the foldable bracket 1, and the foldable bracket 1 can change the unfolded or folded form of the flexible screen 2 to form a foldable mobile terminal. Under different usage requirements, the foldable mobile terminal can have different display areas, thereby enabling the foldable mobile terminal to have a larger display area and better portability.

[0168] Please refer to Figure 25 The aforementioned foldable bracket 1 includes a first housing 11, a second housing 12, and a first pivot 13. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 can be folded or unfolded relative to each other via the first pivot 13. Figure 25 In the embodiment shown, the foldable mobile terminal is a bi-fold mobile terminal. In this embodiment, the first housing 11, the first pivot 13, and the second housing 12 of the foldable mobile terminal are connected in sequence. The first pivot 13 can move so that the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are folded or unfolded relative to each other around the first pivot 13, thereby realizing the switching between unfolding and folding of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12.

[0169] Figure 26This is a schematic diagram of an unfolded communication terminal in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 26 As shown, the foldable mobile terminal in this embodiment can also be a tri-fold mobile terminal. This foldable mobile terminal includes a first housing 11, a first pivot 13, a third housing 15, a second pivot 14, and a second housing 12, which are sequentially connected. In this embodiment, the first housing 11 and the third housing 15 rotate around the first pivot 13 to achieve folding or unfolding; the third housing 15 and the second housing 12 rotate around the second pivot 14 to achieve folding and unfolding. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 also have a folding or unfolding relationship based on the intermediate first pivot 13, third housing 15, and second pivot 14. Therefore, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 in the tri-fold mobile terminal can also be folded or unfolded relative to each other via the first pivot 13. In the unfolded state of the foldable mobile terminal, the first housing 11, the third housing 15, and the second housing 12 are arranged sequentially; in the folded state of the foldable mobile terminal, the first housing 11, the third housing 15, and the second housing 12 are stacked sequentially. When the foldable mobile terminal is folded, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are located on both sides, which facilitates the main radiators located in the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 to send or receive signals.

[0170] In summary, the foldable mobile terminal in each embodiment of this application can be a bi-fold mobile terminal or a tri-fold mobile terminal.

[0171] The first housing 11, the second housing 12, and / or the third housing 15 can each form an installation space for mounting electronic components such as circuit boards, batteries, receivers, speakers, and cameras. The circuit board can integrate electronic components such as the main controller, storage unit, antenna module, and power management module of the electronic device, while the battery can power the flexible screen 2, circuit board, receiver, speaker, and camera. In one possible design, at least two of the first housing 11, second housing 12, and third housing 15 have installation spaces, distributing the electronic device components across these housings. In another possible design, only one of the first housing 11, second housing 12, or third housing 15 may have an installation space, concentrating the electronic device components within that space.

[0172] The aforementioned flexible screen 2 can be used to display information and provide an interactive interface for users. In various embodiments of this application, the flexible screen 2 may be, but is not limited to, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (MLED) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MOLED) display screen, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display screen, etc.

[0173] The first housing 11, the second housing 12, or the third housing 15 includes a frame, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal or a non-conductive material such as plastic. The frame may be disposed between the display screen and the back cover and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the foldable mobile terminal. The frame may have four sides surrounding the display screen to help secure the display screen.

[0174] In one implementation, the frame, primarily composed of conductive material, can be referred to as the conductive frame or metal frame of the foldable mobile terminal, suitable for industrial design (ID) with a metallic appearance. In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame is primarily made of conductive material, such as metal, thus forming the appearance of a metal frame. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the frame, including the outer surface, can be used as an antenna radiator for the foldable mobile terminal and is often referred to as a frame antenna.

[0175] In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame is primarily made of a non-conductive material, such as plastic, forming a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic IDs. In another implementation, the inner surface of the frame may include a conductive material, such as a metal. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the inner surface of the frame can be used as an antenna radiator for the foldable mobile terminal. It should be understood that the radiator (or the conductive material of the inner surface) disposed on the inner surface of the frame can be positioned close to the non-conductive material of the frame to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the outside of the foldable mobile terminal, achieving better signal transmission performance; this can also be referred to as a frame antenna. It should be noted that "the antenna radiator is positioned close to the non-conductive material of the frame" means that the antenna radiator can be tightly attached to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, embedded within the non-conductive material, or positioned close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material; for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material. It should be understood that both the conductive and non-conductive materials can be considered part of the frame.

[0176] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of an unfolded state structure of the communication terminal in an embodiment of this application. Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of a folding structure of a communication terminal in an embodiment of this application. Figure 27 and Figure 28 As shown, in one embodiment, the first main radiator 32 is located in the first housing 11, and the second main radiator 33 is located in the second housing 12. When the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are in a folded state, the orthographic projections of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 along the thickness direction of the communication terminal at least partially overlap. That is, the thickness direction of the communication terminal is the arrangement direction N of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. Therefore, viewed along the thickness direction of the communication terminal, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 at least partially overlap, forming a parallel structure, and are coupled and fed using the feeding structure 34. In this embodiment, the antenna bandwidth and radiation efficiency of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the folded state can be improved, thereby enhancing the communication capability of the foldable mobile terminal.

[0177] It should be understood that the "folded state" in this application refers to the state when the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are folded together, and the thickness direction refers to the thickness direction of the terminal in the folded state. The orthographic projections of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 along the thickness direction of the communication terminal at least partially overlap, which can be understood as the projections on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction at least partially or completely overlap. The plane perpendicular to the thickness direction can be simply understood as the plane where the terminal's screen or back cover is located in the folded state.

[0178] In this embodiment, the power feeding structure 34 is disposed on the first housing 11. Therefore, in the unfolded state of the foldable mobile terminal, the power feeding structure 34 of the first housing 11 is used to power the first main radiator 32, allowing the first main radiator 32 to function as an antenna independently. Figure 29 This is a comparison diagram of the return loss of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the unfolded and folded states in an embodiment of this application. Figure 30 This is a comparison chart of the radiation efficiency of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the unfolded and folded states according to an embodiment of this application. The solid lines in the chart represent the curves corresponding to the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the folded state provided in this application, while the dashed lines represent the curves corresponding to the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in the unfolded state according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 29 and Figure 30 The antenna system configuration of this application enables the foldable mobile terminal to have a wider bandwidth and radiation efficiency in both folded and unfolded states, thereby improving the communication capabilities of the foldable mobile terminal.

[0179] In this embodiment, the first main radiator 32 can be located on the bracket and disposed on the first housing 11 as a bracket antenna, and the second main radiator 33 can also be located on the bracket and disposed on the second housing 12 as a bracket antenna.

[0180] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 27 and Figure 28 The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 of the aforementioned foldable mobile terminal both include conductive structures. For example, the frames of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are made of metal, or at least partially of both the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are made of metal. The first main radiator 32 is a partially conductive structure of the frame of the first housing 11, and the second main radiator 33 is a partially conductive structure of the frame of the second housing 12. The frame of the foldable mobile terminal is directly used as the radiator of the antenna system, forming a frame antenna. This solution can reduce the space occupied by the antenna system inside the communication terminal, improving the space utilization of the communication terminal. It can also reduce the obstruction of the main radiator of the antenna system, improving the signal radiation capability of the main radiator. In a specific embodiment, the side where the first main radiator 32 is located and the side where the second main radiator 33 is located are symmetrically arranged. When the foldable mobile terminal is in a folded state, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can form a parallel structure.

[0181] Regarding the configuration of the aforementioned power supply structure 34, as follows: Figure 27As shown, in one embodiment, both the radio frequency chip 31 and the power supply structure 34 are disposed in the first housing 11. Specifically, disposing the radio frequency chip 31 and the power supply structure 34 in the same housing helps to shorten the distance between the radio frequency chip 31 and the power supply structure 34, reduce signal transmission path losses, and improve the signal transmission quality of the communication system.

[0182] like Figure 27 and Figure 28 As shown, the power supply structure 34 in this embodiment can be located on a circuit board or on a support. In this design, the power supply structure 34 forms magnetoelectric coupling with both the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, allowing for a large overlap area between the power supply structure 34 and the first and second main radiators 32, thus improving the coupling effect.

[0183] Figure 31 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 31 As shown, in another embodiment, the power supply structure 34 can also be a part of the conductive structure of the frame of the first housing 11. In this embodiment, neither the main radiator nor the power supply structure 34 occupies the space inside the housing, which is beneficial to improving the integration of the foldable mobile terminal.

[0184] In this embodiment, the overlapping area between the feed structure 34 and the main radiator is small. To improve the coupling effect, the distance between the feed structure 34 and the main radiator should not be too large. Specifically, as shown... Figure 31 As shown, a first gap exists between the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32, and the width δ of the first gap is less than or equal to 2 mm. This allows the feed structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 to have good coupling even when arranged sequentially, thus improving the communication capability of the antenna system.

[0185] In one embodiment, the shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 satisfy: -30%S1≤S1-S2≤30%S1. The difference between the shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 does not exceed 30%. This can be considered as the feeding structure 34 of this embodiment having a good feeding effect on the parallel structure of the first and second main radiators, which is beneficial for the antenna system to have better communication performance, for example, it is beneficial for the two radiators to produce essentially homopolarized radiation characteristics.

[0186] In one embodiment, the shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 satisfy: -20%S1≤S1-S2≤20%S1. The difference between the shortest distance between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the shortest distance between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 does not exceed 20%. This can be considered as the feeding structure 34 of this embodiment providing good symmetrical feeding to the parallel structure of the first and second main radiators, which is beneficial for the antenna system to have better communication performance. For example, it is beneficial for the two radiators to produce more homopolarized radiation characteristics.

[0187] In one embodiment, the shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 satisfy: -10%S1≤S1-S2≤10%S1. The difference between the shortest distance between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 and the shortest distance between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 does not exceed 10%. This can be considered as the feeding structure 34 of this embodiment having a symmetrical feeding effect on the parallel structure of the first and second main radiators, which is beneficial for the antenna system to have better communication performance, for example, it is beneficial for the two radiators to produce the same polarization radiation characteristics.

[0188] To improve the symmetry of the feeding, the shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32, and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33 are the same, i.e., S1 = S2. Here, "the same" for the two shortest distances refers to the design dimensions. In actual implementation, due to factors such as manufacturing errors and installation tolerances, the shortest distances between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32, and between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33, may deviate to some extent. For example, it can be assumed that the shortest distances S1 and S2 between the feeding structure 34 and the first main radiator 32, and between the feeding structure 34 and the second main radiator 33, can have a 3% tolerance. That is, -3%S1≤S1-S2≤3%S1. Therefore, the intensity of the coupling current formed by the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 is close, which is beneficial to improving the radiation efficiency of the parallel structure antenna.

[0189] In the specific implementation, the structure and type of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are not limited, and can be referred to Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figures 16-24 Several embodiments are shown. Or, as... Figures 31-34 The embodiments shown, for example, Figures 31-33 In the illustrated embodiment, the feed terminal of the feed structure 34 is adjacent to the open terminals of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33; while as Figure 31 As shown, the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 may not have grounding points; or as... Figure 32 As shown, only the first main radiator 32 can be provided with a grounding point; or, as... Figure 33 As shown, both the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 can be provided with a grounding point. Figure 34 As shown, in one embodiment, the ground terminal of the feed structure 34 may also be adjacent to the ground terminals of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33. The embodiments of this application are merely examples and are not an exhaustive list of specific antenna system architectures.

[0190] Figure 35 This is a partial structural diagram of the antenna system of the foldable mobile terminal in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 35 As shown, in practical applications, such as when the antenna system is used in a foldable mobile terminal, the first main radiator 32 and the feeding structure 34 are located in the same housing, while the second main radiator 33 is located in another housing. It is difficult to control the shortest distance between the first main radiator 32 and the feeding structure 34 to be the same as the shortest distance between the second main radiator 33 and the feeding structure 34. Typically, in this scheme, the shortest distance between the second main radiator 33 and the feeding structure 34 is greater than the shortest distance between the first main radiator 32 and the feeding structure 34. In this case, the electrical length of the second main radiator 33 can be made smaller than the electrical length of the first main radiator 32, thereby making the intensity of the coupling current formed by the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 similar, forming a symmetrically fed antenna architecture, which is beneficial for improving the radiation efficiency of the parallel structure antenna.

[0191] In this embodiment of the application, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 is... The electric length of the second main radiator 33 They can be the same or different, depending on the electrical length of the first main radiator 32. The electric length of the second main radiator 33 At the same time, the differences should not be too great to improve the feed symmetry of the antenna system. For example, if both the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are radiators with an electrical length of 1 / 2 dielectric wavelength or both are radiators with an electrical length of 1 / 4 dielectric wavelength, the electrical length of the first main radiator 32 should be... The electric length of the second main radiator 33 satisfy: If the first main radiator 32 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the second main radiator 33 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength, then it can be made If the first main radiator 32 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the second main radiator 33 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, then it can be made that...

[0192] In a specific embodiment, the physical structure can be such that the length L1 of the first main radiator 32 and the length L2 of the second main radiator 33 satisfy: -20%L1≤L1-L2≤20%L1. The lengths of the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 differ by no more than 20%, and both can be considered as antennas with a parallel structure in this application embodiment, which is beneficial to making the antenna system have better communication performance.

[0193] Alternatively, if the first main radiator 32 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength and the second main radiator 33 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength, then -20%L2 ≤ 1 / 2 * L1 - L2 ≤ 20%L2. If the first main radiator 32 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 4 the dielectric wavelength and the second main radiator 33 is a radiator with an electrical length of 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, then -20%L1 ≤ L1 - 1 / 2 * L2 ≤ 20%L1.

[0194] In this embodiment, the length L1 of the first main radiator 32 can be understood as the straight-line distance between the two ends of the first main radiator 32 along the extending direction (first direction X), for example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the first main radiator 32 is not a regular rectangular structure. In this case, the length L1 of the first main radiator 32 does not need to consider the bending or groove structure of the first main radiator 32; it can simply be the straight-line distance between the two ends of the first main radiator along the extension direction. The method for determining the length L2 of the second main radiator 33 is the same as the method for determining the length L1 of the first main radiator 32, and will not be described in detail here.

[0195] The antenna system in this embodiment can operate in the low-frequency band or the mid-to-high-frequency band. Specifically, the operating frequency band of the antenna system can be located in the range of 0.6 GHz to 1.6 GHz, and more specifically, the operating frequency band of the antenna system can partially overlap with the aforementioned 0.6 GHz to 1.6 GHz range; or, the operating frequency band of the antenna system can be located in the range of 1.6 GHz to 6 GHz, and more specifically, the operating frequency band of the antenna system can partially overlap with the aforementioned 1.6 GHz to 6 GHz range.

[0196] Figure 36 for Figure 28 A cross-sectional view of the antenna system at point AA, as shown below. Figure 36 As shown, the power supply structure 34 is disposed within the first housing 11. The power supply structure 34 and the first main radiator 32 have a second gap along the third direction Z. The width s of the second gap satisfies:

[0197] When the operating frequency band of the first main radiator 32 is between 0.6 GHz and 1.6 GHz, 0.15 mm ≤ s ≤ 5 mm;

[0198] When the operating frequency band of the first main radiator 32 is between 1.6 GHz and 6 GHz, 0.3 mm ≤ s ≤ 7 mm;

[0199] The first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 are arranged along the first direction X, which can also be understood as the thickness direction and the arrangement direction NN. The first main radiator 32 extends along the second direction Y, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0200] The aforementioned feeding structure 34 satisfies the above conditions, which is beneficial for effectively feeding the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33, thereby improving the feeding effect and enhancing the communication capability of the antenna system.

[0201] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of a side structure of a communication terminal in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 37 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the communication terminal further includes a second pivot 14 and a third housing 15, wherein: the first housing 11, the first pivot 13, the third housing 15, the second pivot 14, and the second housing 12 are connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the first housing 11 and the third housing 15 rotate around the first pivot 13 to achieve folding or unfolding; the third housing 15 and the second housing 12 rotate around the second pivot 14 to achieve folding and unfolding. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 also have a folding or unfolding relationship based on the intermediate first pivot 13, third housing 15, and second pivot 14. Therefore, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 in the tri-fold foldable mobile terminal can also be folded or unfolded to each other through the first pivot 13. In the unfolded state of the foldable mobile terminal, the first housing 11, the third housing 15, and the second housing 12 are arranged in sequence; in the folded state of the foldable mobile terminal, the first housing 11, the third housing 15, and the second housing 12 are stacked in sequence. When the foldable mobile terminal is folded, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are located on both sides, which facilitates the main radiators located in the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 to send or receive signals.

[0202] In a further embodiment, when the communication terminal is a three-fold foldable mobile terminal, the power supply structure 34 can be located in the third housing 15, which is beneficial to make the first main radiator 32 and the second main radiator 33 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the power supply structure 34 to achieve symmetrical power supply.

[0203] Furthermore, the aforementioned feed structure 34 can be a partially conductive structure of the frame of the third housing. For example, the aforementioned third housing 15 is a metal housing, and the feed structure 34 is located in the third housing 15. Utilizing a partially conductive structure of the third housing 15 as the feed structure 34 helps to reduce the space occupied by the antenna system and improve the integration of the communication terminal.

[0204] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication terminal, characterized in that, It includes an RF chip, a first main radiator, a second main radiator, and a feeding structure, wherein: The first main radiator, the second main radiator, and the feeding structure are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other. The orthographic projection of the first main radiator on the first plane and the orthographic projection of the second main radiator on the first plane at least partially overlap. The first plane is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first main radiator and the second main radiator. The feeding structure is connected to the radio frequency chip. The feeding structure is used to couple and feed the first main radiator and the second main radiator. The shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure and the first main radiator and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure and the second main radiator satisfy: -30%S1≤S1-S2≤30%S1.

2. The communication terminal as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shortest distance S1 between the feeding structure and the first main radiator and the shortest distance S2 between the feeding structure and the second main radiator satisfy: S1 = S2.

3. The communication terminal as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power supply structure, the first main radiator, and the second main radiator are located in the same plane.

4. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Along the extension direction of the first main radiator, one end of the feeding structure is located between the two ends of the first main radiator.

5. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Along the extension direction of the first main radiator, there is a gap between the feeding structure and the first main radiator.

6. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The electric length of the first primary radiator The electric length of the second main radiator satisfy:

7. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The electric length of the first primary radiator The electric length of the second main radiator satisfy: or, 8. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The length L1 of the first main radiator and the length L2 of the second main radiator satisfy: -20%L1≤L1-L2≤20%L1.

9. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The length L1 of the first main radiator and the length L2 of the second main radiator satisfy: -20%L1≤L1-1 / 2*L2≤20%L1, or -20%L2≤1 / 2*L1-L2≤20%L2.

10. The communication terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The electrical length of the feeding structure is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, and both ends of the feeding structure are open. Alternatively, the electrical length of the feed structure is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and one end of the feed structure is an open end and the other end is a grounded end; The dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the feeding structure within the operating frequency band.

11. The communication terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The electrical length of the first main radiator is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the second main radiator is 1 / 2 the dielectric wavelength; Alternatively, the electrical length of the first main radiator is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the second main radiator is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength; Alternatively, the electrical length of the first main radiator is 1 / 2 of the dielectric wavelength, and the electrical length of the second main radiator is 1 / 4 of the dielectric wavelength; The dielectric wavelength is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the feeding structure within the operating frequency band.

12. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first main radiator includes a first sub-radiator and a second sub-radiator, with a gap between the first sub-radiator and the second sub-radiator. The end of the first sub-radiator away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the second sub-radiator away from the gap is grounded.

13. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The second main radiator includes a third sub-radiator and a fourth sub-radiator, with a gap between the third sub-radiator and the fourth sub-radiator. The end of the third sub-radiator away from the gap is grounded, and the end of the fourth sub-radiator away from the gap is grounded.

14. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The power supply structure includes at least one conductive structure disposed on an insulating support or insulating back cover, a partial conductive structure on the frame, and a microstrip line located on the circuit board.

15. The communication terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The direction of the current excited by the first main radiator is the same as the direction of the current excited by the second main radiator.

16. The communication terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The communication terminal further includes a first housing, a second housing, and a first pivot, wherein the first housing and the second housing are foldable or unfoldable relative to the first pivot. The first main radiator is located in the first housing, and the second main radiator is located in the second housing. When the first housing and the second housing are in a folded state, the arrangement direction is the thickness direction of the communication terminal.

17. The communication terminal as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The first main radiator is a partially conductive structure of the frame of the first housing, and the second main radiator is a partially conductive structure of the frame of the second housing.

18. The communication terminal as described in claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, Both the radio frequency chip and the power supply structure are disposed in the first housing.

19. The communication terminal as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The length of the second main radiator is less than the length of the first main radiator.

20. The communication terminal as described in claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The power supply structure is a portion of the conductive structure of the frame of the first housing.

21. The communication terminal as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The feeding structure and the first main radiator have a first gap, the width of which is less than or equal to 2 mm.

22. The communication terminal as described in claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The power feeding structure is disposed within the first housing, and the power feeding structure and the first main radiator have a second gap along a third direction, the width s of the second gap satisfying: When the operating frequency band of the first main radiator is between 0.6 GHz and 1.6 GHz, 0.15 mm ≤ s ≤ 5 mm; When the operating frequency band of the first main radiator is between 1.6 GHz and 6 GHz, 0.3 mm ≤ s ≤ 7 mm; The third direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction and the extension direction of the first main radiator.

23. The communication terminal as described in claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The communication terminal further includes a second rotating shaft and a third housing, wherein: the first housing, the first rotating shaft, the third housing, the second rotating shaft, and the second housing are connected in sequence; the power supply structure is disposed in the third housing.

24. The communication terminal as described in claim 23, characterized in that, The power supply structure is a partially conductive structure of the frame of the third housing.

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