Holographic projection badminton court and judgment device and system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent sports, and discloses a holographic projection badminton court and judgment device and system. By integrating holographic projection and a multi-sensor fusion technology, the core defects in the prior art are overcome: a standardized virtual field line and a net are automatically generated by holographic projection, and the problems of objective errors and abrasion caused by manual measurement and drawing are completely eradicated; real-time three-dimensional trajectory tracking and reconstruction are carried out on shuttlecocks and athletes through a fusion sensor array distributed at a field angle and a central processing unit, and automatic penalty is realized on all key links such as out-of-bound, net touching, non-net crossing and net-crossing hitting according to a preset rule, so that subjectivity and delay of manual penalty are abandoned, competition disputes are eliminated, and the service life of the shuttlecocks and the athletes is prolonged. The penalty accuracy and the competition efficiency are improved, and the fairness and justice of the competition and the competition watching experience are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart sports technology, specifically to a holographic projection badminton court and referee device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the setup and officiating of badminton matches rely entirely on traditional manual methods. During the preparation phase, staff must use physical measuring tapes to measure and manually adjust the height of the net posts multiple times to ensure that the center and top of the net meet the standard. At the same time, they rely on string positioning and manual application or application of tape to draw the sidelines and service lines. This process is not only inefficient but also prone to cumulative errors due to visual biases, uneven ground, or tool inaccuracies. During the match, the officiating relies entirely on the human officiating system of the head referee and linesmen. The head referee must visually observe whether the serve goes over the waist or hand, and whether there are any violations such as touching the net or hitting the shuttlecock over the net. The linesmen must focus on judging the landing point of the shuttlecock near the boundary line and indicate it with flags. All rulings are based on the referee's individual perspective, focus, experience, and subjective judgment.

[0003] Although the "Hawk-Eye" challenge system has been introduced into the competition in recent years as an aid, it can only provide a limited number of replay reviews for some in-bounds / out-of-bounds balls, and cannot cover other violations such as touching the net or hitting the ball over the net. In addition, it has problems such as high cost and interruption of the game rhythm.

[0004] The existing technical system has obvious drawbacks: manual measurement and drawing cannot guarantee the absolute accuracy and consistency of the court parameters; human judgment is subject to the physiological limits and subjectivity of humans, and errors and disputes are inevitable in judging millimeter-level differences in high-speed and intense competition. These factors together affect the accuracy, smoothness and fairness of badminton games. To address this, a holographic projection badminton court and referee device and system are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a holographic projection badminton court and referee device and system to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] Firstly, a holographic projection badminton court and referee device includes:

[0008] Multiple integrated corner units are positioned at the four corners of a standard badminton court to generate visual elements of the court and sense the court's status.

[0009] The central processing unit, which is communicatively connected to all the integrated field angle units, is used to process the sensed data and perform automatic judgment.

[0010] Each of the integrated field angle units includes:

[0011] A holographic projection component is used to project a high-brightness, clear holographic image that forms the visible boundary of a badminton court onto the court. The holographic image includes at least a net hologram, a sideline hologram, and a baseline hologram.

[0012] A multi-sensor fusion detection component is used to synchronously and from multiple angles collect real-time spatial data of badminton shuttlecocks and athletes within the badminton court.

[0013] The projection area of ​​the holographic projection component and the data acquisition area of ​​the multi-sensor fusion detection component overlap in space, forming a unified detection and projection area.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-sensor fusion detection component integrates at least two types of sensors, including:

[0015] Depth vision sensors are used to acquire depth images and point cloud data of objects in a field for 3D pose reconstruction.

[0016] High-speed optical sensors are used to capture images of badminton shuttlecocks at extremely high frame rates for trajectory tracking and analysis.

[0017] Preferably, the depth vision sensor is a millimeter-wave radar sensor with an operating frequency band of 76-81 GHz, used to penetrate the wake vortex generated when the badminton shuttlecock is in flight and detect the three-dimensional coordinates and instantaneous speed of the shuttlecock.

[0018] Preferably, the holographic projection component uses laser scanning projection technology or diffractive optical element projection technology, and the brightness of the projected holographic image is configured to be automatically adjusted according to the ambient light intensity.

[0019] Preferably, the central processing unit includes:

[0020] The data fusion and reconstruction module is used to receive and process data from all the multi-sensor fusion detection components, and reconstruct the precise trajectory and position of the badminton shuttlecock and the player's racket in three-dimensional space through algorithm fusion calculation;

[0021] The rule-based penalty module has built-in competition rule logic, which is used to compare the trajectory and position information output by the data fusion and reconstruction module with the preset holographic image spatial model and automatically generate penalty instructions.

[0022] The score recording and output module is used to automatically update the score according to the penalty instructions of the rule penalty module, and send the penalty result and current score information to the display device.

[0023] Preferably, the penalty logic of the rule penalty module includes:

[0024] The out-of-bounds judgment unit is configured to compare the three-dimensional coordinates of the landing point of the badminton shuttlecock with the three-dimensional model of the court boundary defined by the holographic image. If the landing point is outside the model, an out-of-bounds penalty instruction is generated.

[0025] The net touch / non-net clearance determination unit is configured to monitor the badminton shuttlecock trajectory and the net hologram in real time. Figure 3 If the intersection of the 3D space model is detected, and a touch-the-net or non-touch-the-net event that conforms to the rules is detected, a corresponding penalty instruction is generated.

[0026] The net-over-hit judgment unit is configured to monitor the three-dimensional position of the athlete's racket and the holographic net in real time. Figure 3 Based on the relationship of the 3D space model, if it is detected that the entire racket is located in the opponent's court space at the moment of impact, a penalty instruction for hitting the ball over the net is generated.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes a global synchronization unit connected to all the integrated field angle units and the central processing unit, for providing a unified high-precision timestamp signal for the entire system, ensuring that the acquisition of all sensor data and the projection of all holographic images are precisely synchronized.

[0028] In a second aspect, a holographic projection badminton referee system includes: a referee device as described in the first aspect;

[0029] At least one display terminal is communicatively connected to the central processing unit for receiving and visually displaying the judgment results, real-time scores, and match status information issued by the central processing unit.

[0030] The system power module is used to supply power to the referee device and the display terminal;

[0031] The referee device, the display terminal, and the system power module are operably connected via data cables and / or power cables to form a closed-loop intelligent referee system that automatically completes field projection, status perception, data calculation, rule judgment, and information display.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This invention addresses the core shortcomings of existing technologies by integrating holographic projection and multi-sensor fusion technology: holographic projection automatically generates standardized virtual court lines and nets, eliminating objective errors and wear issues caused by manual measurement and drawing; a fusion sensor array distributed at the court corners and a central processing unit perform real-time three-dimensional trajectory tracking and reconstruction of the badminton shuttlecock and athletes; and automatically judges all key aspects such as out-of-bounds, net touch, failure to cross the net, and hitting the shuttlecock over the net according to preset rules, eliminating the subjectivity and delay of manual judgment, removing disputes, improving the accuracy of judgments and the efficiency of the game, and ensuring fairness and a positive viewing experience.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a badminton court projected holographically according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall deployment and connection of the system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the data processing and judgment logic of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the system's working sequence for the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Integrated field angle unit; 11. Holographic projection component; 12. Multi-sensor fusion detection component; 2. Central processing unit; 3. Display terminal; 4. System power module. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention discloses a holographic projection badminton court and referee device and system, which aims to solve the problems of errors in the artificial court layout and disputes caused by subjective refereeing in traditional badminton matches.

[0042] 1. Integrated field angle unit 1

[0043] The core sensing and projection components of this system consist of four identical integrated corner units 1. These units are precisely mounted at the four corners of a standard badminton doubles court (13.4m × 6.1m). The installation positions are calculated to be located above and outside the intersection of the imaginary extensions of the sidelines and end lines, at a height of approximately 3.5m or adjusted as needed. The elevation angle is adjusted to ensure that the field of view covers the entire playing area and the space above it without any omissions. Each unit is encapsulated in an IP65-rated housing, providing waterproof, dustproof, and impact-resistant capabilities to adapt to diverse indoor venue environments.

[0044] Each integrated field angle unit 1 integrates two core sub-components: a holographic projection component 11 and a multi-sensor fusion detection component 12. The optical axes of both have undergone rigorous coaxial calibration before leaving the factory to ensure that their projection area and data acquisition area highly coincide in three-dimensional space, forming a unified detection and projection domain covering the entire field. This means that the area "seen" by the sensor is precisely the area projected by the holographic image, thus establishing a spatial benchmark for subsequent high-precision judgment.

[0045] 1.1 Holographic Projection Component 11

[0046] This component is responsible for generating the high-brightness, high-definition site holographic image as described in the claims. This embodiment preferably employs a laser beam scanning (LBS) technology. Its core components include RGB three-color (638nm red, 520nm green, 450nm blue) semiconductor laser diodes, a beam combining prism, a two-dimensional high-speed microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scanning mirror, and a collimating lens group.

[0047] Its working principle is as follows: Three-color laser beams are combined to produce white light, which is then collimated by a collimating lens to form an extremely fine parallel beam. This beam is guided onto a MEMS scanning mirror. The MEMS scanning mirror resonates and rotates at high speed on two orthogonal axes. The system controls the deflection angle of the laser beam (i.e., the scanning angle θ) by precisely controlling the voltage applied to the MEMS mirror at every moment. x and θ y Simultaneously, based on the pre-stored site line vector graphics data, the luminous intensity (I_R, I_G, I_B) of each laser diode is synchronously modulated.

[0048] The scanning process follows the formula:

[0049] (x,y)=(f·tan(θ x ),f·tan(θ y ))

[0050] Where (x, y) are the coordinates on the projection image plane, and f is the focal length of the optical system. Through this point-by-point scanning method, bright, screenless net holograms, sideline holograms, endline holograms, and service line holograms are directly drawn in the air. The projected net hologram is not a simple plane, but a three-dimensional model with thickness, its height strictly conforming to the rules of the game (1.524 meters in the center of the net, 1.55 meters at the doubles sidelines).

[0051] In addition, the component has a built-in ambient light sensor to monitor the ambient illuminance E in real time. env (Unit: lux). Central Processing Unit 2 based on E env The value is dynamically adjusted by a proportional-integral (PI) control algorithm to control the laser's drive current I. drive Its control logic can be simplified as follows:

[0052] I drive =K p ·(E target -E env )+K i ·∫(E target -E env )dt

[0053] Among them, E target It is the illuminance value corresponding to the preset target brightness, K. p and K i This is a control coefficient. This enables adaptive brightness adjustment, ensuring clear image visibility under any lighting conditions.

[0054] 1.2 Multi-sensor fusion detection component 12

[0055] This component acts as the system's "eyes," responsible for collecting real-time spatial data of the badminton shuttlecock and athletes as described in the claims. This embodiment employs a heterogeneous sensor fusion scheme, integrating at least two types of sensors:

[0056] Depth Vision Sensor: This embodiment uses a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) millimeter-wave radar with a center frequency of 79 GHz. This sensor transmits a linearly varying frequency electromagnetic chirp signal T. x (t), and receive the echo signal R reflected back from the target. x (t). The intermediate frequency signal f is obtained after mixing. IF .

[0057] Its frequency f IF It is proportional to the distance R from the target:

[0058]

[0059] Where S is the slope of the chirp signal (Hz / s) and c is the speed of light. Using an antenna array formed by multiple receiving antennas and the angle of arrival (AoA) algorithm, the azimuth α and elevation β of the target can be further resolved. Finally, the output is the three-dimensional point cloud data P of the target (badminton shuttlecock, racket, athlete). radar =[x i ,y i ,z i ,v i ] T |i=1,2,...,N, where v i This refers to radial velocity. The advantage of millimeter waves is that they can penetrate the air vortices generated by the feathers of a badminton shuttlecock, directly capturing the movement of the shuttlecock head with centimeter-level accuracy, and are unaffected by light and color.

[0060] High-speed optical sensor: This embodiment is supplemented by a high-speed CMOS industrial camera with global shutter, monochrome resolution, and a resolution of 1280x800 pixels, set at a frame rate of 2000fps. The camera is powered and triggered via Power over Ethernet (PoE). Its function is to supplement and refine the data from the millimeter-wave radar. It provides extremely high spatial resolution for capturing the spin attitude and precise contours of a badminton shuttlecock, and for visual verification of radar-detected targets at close range, especially in critical areas such as network ports.

[0061] 2. Central Processing Unit 2

[0062] The central processing unit (CPU), as the core decision-making hub of the system, performs a sophisticated, multi-stage, multi-level pipeline of computation and logical judgment. The following is a highly detailed breakdown of this process:

[0063] Phase 1: Synchronization and Preprocessing of Multi-Source Sensor Data

[0064] Sensing data streams from the four field angle units are continuously input via Gigabit Ethernet in the form of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets. Each packet is appended with a high-precision timestamp (t) generated by the global synchronization unit. n (Accuracy ±1μs). The primary task of the data fusion and reconstruction module is time alignment. This module maintains a circular buffer, and for any given processing period T (e.g., T = 2ms), the module collects time windows [t]. n -Δt,t n All sensor data packets within +Δt] (Δt is the allowed network jitter tolerance).

[0065] For millimeter-wave radar data, preprocessing includes static clutter filtering and dynamic target clustering. A clustering algorithm based on a Gaussian mixture model is used to distinguish between background and foreground target clouds. Each radar point p can be represented as a five-dimensional vector: p i =(xi ,y i ,z i ,v i ,σ i ), where (x,y,z) are the coordinates in the Cartesian coordinate system, v is the radial velocity, and σ is the estimated radar cross section (RCS). After clustering, the output is several point cloud clusters C. j Each cluster represents a potential target (badminton shuttlecock or a part of an athlete's body).

[0066] For high-speed camera data, preprocessing includes Region of Interest (ROI) extraction and optical flow calculation. ROIs are determined guided by the target predicted position provided by radar. Within each ROI, the motion vectors of pixels between consecutive frames are calculated using the Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm to estimate the two-dimensional pixel displacement (dx, dy) of the badminton shuttlecock.

[0067] Phase Two: Coordinate System I and Data Association

[0068] All sensor data must be converted to a unified world coordinate system. The world coordinate system has its origin O at the center of the court, with the X-axis parallel to the baseline, the Y-axis perpendicular to the ground and upwards, and the Z-axis parallel to the sideline.

[0069] Each integrated field angle element is precisely calibrated after installation to determine its rigid transformation matrix T relative to the world coordinate system. k (including rotation component R) k Translation component t k (where k = 1, 2, 3, 4 represents four units). Therefore, the coordinates of any sensor reading s in its local coordinate system are... It is possible Transform to the world coordinate system.

[0070] The purpose of data correlation is to match observations of the same target from different sensors. For radar point cloud clusters C... j and high-speed camera ROI region R m Correlation weight W j,m Calculation based on spatial overlap and feature similarity:

[0071]

[0072] Where IoU is the intersection-union ratio of the 3D bounding box, and BBox(·) calculates the axis-aligned bounding box of the point cloud or ROI. For cluster C j Average velocity estimation, The velocity is calculated from the optical flow, where α and β are weighting coefficients (α + β = 1), and σ vThe variance tolerance parameter for velocity differences. Pairs with the highest weights are considered to originate from the same objective.

[0073] Phase 3: Trajectory Reconstruction and State Estimation Based on Nonlinear Filtering

[0074] For successfully associated targets, precise trajectory reconstruction is performed. The system's state vector is defined as a set of variables describing the badminton shuttlecock's motion state. A ten-dimensional state vector X is adopted:

[0075] X = [p] x ,p y ,p z ,v x ,v y ,v z ,a x ,a y ,a z ,w] T

[0076] Where p, v, and a represent the position, velocity, and acceleration in the world coordinate system (units: meters, meters per second, and meters per second²), respectively, and ω represents the spin angular velocity of the badminton shuttlecock (radians per second).

[0077] The system's dynamic model employs a nonlinear model that considers air resistance, gravity, and the Magnus effect (caused by spin). The state transition equation can be expressed as:

[0078] X t =f(X) t-1 )+W t

[0079] Where f(·) is the nonlinear state transition function, W t The noise is assumed to be Gaussian white noise.

[0080] The observation model correlates sensor readings with a state vector. The observation vector Z t This includes position and velocity observations from radar and two-dimensional pixel position observations from a camera (back-projected onto a three-dimensional direction vector via a pinhole camera model). Observation equations:

[0081] Z t =h(X) t )+V t

[0082] Where h(·) is the nonlinear observation function, V t To observe noise.

[0083] Given the highly nonlinear nature of the model, an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is used for state estimation. The UKF captures the distribution of the mean and covariance of the state by selecting a set of Sigma points and passing these points through a nonlinear function, thus avoiding the linearization error of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The specific steps are as follows:

[0084] Sigma point sampling: at time point t-1, based on the current state estimate... and its error covariance matrix P t-1 Calculate a set of (2L+1) Sigma points (L is the state dimension, here L=10) and their corresponding weights. and

[0085] State prediction: Propagate each Sigma point through the state transition function f(·): X i,t|t-1 =f(X) i,t-1 Calculate the mean of the predicted state. and predicted covariance Q t Let Z be the process noise covariance matrix. Observation prediction: propagate the predicted Sigma points through the observation function h(·): Z i,t =h(χ i,t|t-1 ),

[0087] Calculate the predicted observation mean and observation covariance Cross-covariance between state and observation Where R t To observe the noise covariance matrix.

[0088] State Update: Calculate Kalman Gain Then, when the new sensor observation z t Upon arrival, update the state estimate: And update the error covariance:

[0089] Through UKF iteration, the system can output a smooth and optimal state estimate X of the badminton shuttlecock at any time t. t Especially its three-dimensional position (p x ,p y ,p z ) and velocity (v) x ,v y ,v z ).

[0090] Phase 4: Automated Judgment Based on Rule Engine

[0091] The rule-based penalty module receives a continuous state estimation stream from UKF. Internally, it maintains a database of 3D geometric models defined by holographic images, including:

[0092] Site model: A cuboid space enclosed by multiple polygons, whose bottom boundary is defined by holograms of edge lines and end lines.

[0093] Net model: An extremely thin rectangular cube with a center top height of 1.55 meters and a net post height of 1.55 meters (doubles) or 1.524 meters (singles, the standard should be 1.55 meters in the center). The cube is divided into two halves by a vertical plane of the center line (an infinitely thin and infinitely high plane).

[0094] The penalty logic unit continuously performs the following geometric calculations and logical judgments:

[0095] Out-of-bounds detection: Continuously monitors the movement of the badminton shuttlecock. When the height p of the shuttlecock is detected... y A continuous, rapid descent and approaching ground (e.g., p) y <0.05 meters), and vertical velocity v y When y is negative, a landing check is triggered. The position of the ball's center point at this moment (p) is recorded. x ,p z Determine if the point is outside the polygon on the bottom surface of the site model. Calculate whether the point is inside the polygon using either the ray casting method or the wrap-around number method. If the point is outside the polygon, immediately generate an "out of bounds" penalty.

[0096] Net Touch / Non-Net Clearance Detection: Real-time calculation of the badminton shuttlecock trajectory segment (from the previous position X). t-1 and current position X t The system checks whether the ball (connected to form a cube) intersects with the net model cube (considered a convex polyhedron). Continuous collision detection (CCD) is performed using the Separating Axis Theorem (SAT). If an intersection is detected, the position of the intersection point relative to the vertical plane of the center line and the direction of the ball's motion are further analyzed to distinguish between "not crossing the net" (the ball failed to cross the net) and "touching the net" (the ball touched the net during its flight).

[0097] Over-the-net shot detection: Focuses on monitoring shot events. Shot events are detected by analyzing the relative position and velocity changes between the racket (tracked via another set of UKF data) and the shuttlecock (e.g., when the distance between the shuttlecock and racket is extremely small and the shuttlecock's velocity vector changes drastically). At the detected shot time t... impacttObtain the 3D coordinates of the sweet spot on the racket. Determine if these coordinates penetrate the vertical plane of the center line and lie within the opponent's court space. This is achieved by calculating the signed distance between this point and the center line plane. If the distance is negative (assuming the opponent's court is negative) and any part of the racket (a small sphere model centered on the sweet spot) crosses the plane, a "net violation" instruction is generated.

[0098] All rulings are accompanied by precise timestamps and event evidence data (such as 3D coordinates), which are received by the score recording and output module, driving score updates and publishing via the display terminal. The entire process, from sensor data input to ruling output, is completed rapidly, achieving fully automated, high-precision, and delay-free intelligent refereeing.

[0099] 3. Global Synchronization Unit

[0100] This system features an independent global synchronization unit (which can be considered a dedicated submodule of the central processing unit 2, or an independent hardware device within the system architecture). At the core of this unit is a precision clock generator equipped with a temperature-controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO) or a GPS-disciplined crystal oscillator, achieving a frequency stability better than ±0.1ppm. This generator produces a highly stable, low-phase-noise master clock reference signal at a frequency of 10MHz, along with a strictly synchronized PPS (Pulse Per Second) signal with a rise time accuracy better than 10 nanoseconds, maintaining synchronization with Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

[0101] The synchronization unit distributes the clock and PPS signals to each integrated field corner unit 1 at the four corners of the site in a star or daisy-chain topology via a coaxial cable or optical fiber with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω. Each field corner unit contains a high-precision clock recovery and distribution circuit to ensure that the received synchronization signal has extremely low jitter.

[0102] This synchronization mechanism is crucial: it enables microsecond- or even nanosecond-level time synchronization of the data acquisition processes (such as the transmit / receive cycle of millimeter-wave radar and the exposure and readout sequence of high-speed cameras) of the multi-sensor fusion detection components 12 in the four distributed field angle units. Simultaneously, it rigorously locks the scanning phase of the MEMS micromirrors in each holographic projection component 11, ensuring seamless spatial stitching of the image portions projected by different units to form a stable, flicker-free, and distortion-free unified image. This fundamentally eliminates the time stamp misalignment of sensor data and projected images caused by the independent clock drift of each unit, laying an absolute time reference for subsequent multi-sensor data fusion and accurate spatial calculations.

[0103] 4. Display Terminal 3

[0104] The display terminal 3 consists of at least two large high-definition LED displays, which are suspended or placed in prominent positions on both sides of the badminton court to ensure that athletes, referees, and spectators can all view the screen clearly without obstruction. The displays use panels with high refresh rates (≥120Hz) and low latency (≤10ms) to smoothly display dynamic information.

[0105] The terminal connects to the score recording and output module of the central processing unit 2 via a high-bandwidth digital interface cable such as HDMI 2.1 or SDI. It not only passively receives score information but also integrates a dedicated graphics processing unit. Received data packets such as rulings, real-time scores (e.g., "15-10"), and match status (e.g., "First Set," "Change of Serve") are parsed by the terminal's rendering engine and displayed on the screen using a pre-designed, tournament-standard visual interface. Key information (such as "OUT" and "FAULT" rulings) is dynamically highlighted in the center of the screen using large, bold font and a striking color (e.g., red or yellow), accompanied by simple icons (e.g., an out-of-bounds icon indicating the ball landed outside the boundary line). This design ensures the authority and immediacy of the rulings, greatly enhancing the transparency of the match and the viewing experience.

[0106] 5. System power module 4

[0107] The system power module 4 is a centralized power supply system with industrial-grade reliability. Its core is an online uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which includes an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and a pure sine wave inverter, providing stable AC power to downstream equipment that is interference-resistant and distortion-free.

[0108] The module's input is connected to mains power, and its outputs are supplied via multiple independent cable lines to the central processing unit 2, four integrated field corner units 1, and the display terminal 3. Each output is equipped with overcurrent, overvoltage, and short-circuit protection circuits. Its key features are a high power factor (≥0.99) and low harmonic distortion, meaning it has minimal grid pollution and high energy efficiency. More importantly, its built-in battery pack can seamlessly switch to battery power with zero delay in the event of an unexpected mains power outage, providing the system with at least 30 minutes of backup operating time. Larger capacity batteries can be configured according to actual needs, ensuring that a match will not be interrupted by unexpected power outages, fully guaranteeing the continuity of the match and the safety of the equipment.

[0109] System workflow:

[0110] After the system is powered on, a comprehensive system self-test and initialization process is first executed: the central processing unit 2 performs communication checks and status diagnoses on the sensors and projectors of all field corner units 1 one by one; then, under the control of the global synchronization unit, the automatic calibration program is started: the multi-sensor fusion detection component 12 of each field corner unit performs joint measurements on the field reference point, and the holographic projection component 11 fine-tunes the projection angle according to the calibration data. Finally, with the cooperation of all units, a fully compliant and accurate virtual field boundary and net image is automatically projected on the real physical field.

Claims

1. A holographic projection badminton court and referee device, characterized in that, include: Multiple integrated corner units (1) are respectively set at the four corners of a standard badminton court to generate visual elements of the court and perceive the court status: The central processing unit (2) is communicatively connected to all the integrated field angle units and is used to process the sensed data and perform automatic judgment. Each of the integrated field angle units includes: A holographic projection component (11) is used to project a high-brightness holographic image that forms the visible boundary of a badminton court onto the court. The holographic image includes at least a net hologram, a sideline hologram, and an endline hologram. A multi-sensor fusion detection component (12) is used to synchronously and from multiple angles collect real-time spatial data of badminton shuttlecocks and athletes within the badminton court. The projection area of ​​the holographic projection component (11) and the data acquisition area of ​​the multi-sensor fusion detection component (12) overlap in space, forming a unified detection and projection domain.

2. The holographic projection badminton court and referee device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-sensor fusion detection component (12) integrates at least two types of sensors, including: Depth vision sensors are used to acquire depth images and point cloud data of objects in a field for 3D pose reconstruction. High-speed optical sensors are used to capture images of badminton shuttlecocks at extremely high frame rates for trajectory tracking and analysis.

3. The holographic projection badminton court and referee device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The depth vision sensor is a millimeter-wave radar sensor with an operating frequency band of 76-81GHz. It is used to penetrate the wake vortex generated when a badminton shuttlecock is in flight and detect the three-dimensional coordinates and instantaneous speed of the shuttlecock.

4. The holographic projection badminton court and referee device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The holographic projection component (11) uses laser scanning projection technology or diffractive optical element (DOE) projection technology, and the brightness of the projected holographic image is configured to be automatically adjusted according to the ambient light intensity.

5. A holographic projection badminton court and referee device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing unit (2) includes: The data fusion and reconstruction module is used to receive and process data from all the multi-sensor fusion detection components (12), and reconstruct the precise trajectory and position of the badminton shuttlecock and the athlete's racket in three-dimensional space through algorithm fusion calculation; The rule-based penalty module has built-in competition rule logic, which is used to compare the trajectory and position information output by the data fusion and reconstruction module with the preset holographic image spatial model and automatically generate penalty instructions. The score recording and output module is used to automatically update the score according to the penalty instructions of the rule penalty module, and send the penalty result and current score information to the display device.

6. A holographic projection badminton court and referee device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The penalty logic of the rule-based penalty module includes: The out-of-bounds judgment unit is configured to compare the three-dimensional coordinates of the landing point of the badminton shuttlecock with the three-dimensional model of the court boundary defined by the holographic image. If the landing point is outside the model, an out-of-bounds penalty instruction is generated. The net touch / non-net crossing judgment unit is configured to monitor the intersection of the badminton shuttlecock trajectory and the three-dimensional spatial model of the net hologram in real time. If a net touch or non-net crossing event that meets the rules is detected, a corresponding penalty instruction is generated. The over-net hit judgment unit is configured to monitor the relationship between the three-dimensional position of the athlete's racket and the three-dimensional spatial model of the net hologram in real time. If it is detected that the racket is located in the opponent's court space at the moment of hit, an over-net hit violation penalty instruction is generated.

7. A holographic projection badminton court and referee device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a global synchronization unit, which is connected to all the integrated field angle units and the central processing unit (2) to provide a unified high-precision timestamp signal for the entire system, ensuring that the acquisition of all sensor data and the projection of all holographic images are kept in precise synchronization.

8. A holographic projection badminton referee system, characterized in that, include: The refereeing device as described in any one of claims 1-7; At least one display terminal (3) is communicatively connected to the central processing unit (2) for receiving and visually displaying the judgment results, real-time scores and match status information issued by the central processing unit (2); The system power module (4) is used to supply power to the referee device and the display terminal; The referee device, the display terminal (3), and the system power module (4) are operably connected via data cables and / or power cables to form a closed-loop intelligent referee system that automatically completes field projection, status perception, data calculation, rule judgment, and information display.

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