A protection system for a single cylinder cone crusher

Abstract

This invention discloses a protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher, belonging to the field of engineering machinery technology. It includes a sealed cavity located at the upper end of the crusher's main shaft and within a sealed seat. The sealed cavity is connected to a first pipe for injecting oil and a second pipe for filling with air. The main shaft has a main air port for facilitating gas outward discharge, and the outlet of the main air port is connected to several exhaust ports located above the drive gears of the main shaft. This invention addresses the problems of dust intrusion into the moving part of the cone crusher and the resulting wear and tear caused by dust intrusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically a protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Cone crushers are widely used material crushing equipment in mining, building materials, and other fields. Their core working principle is to crush materials through the eccentric oscillating motion of the moving cone relative to the fixed cone. These types of equipment are typically large in size, and key moving components such as the moving cone assembly, eccentric sleeve, and spherical bearings require adequate lubrication to ensure stable operation.

[0003] During crushing operations, the crushing of materials (especially hard rocks) inevitably generates a large amount of high-concentration dust. This dust has extremely high penetrability and easily penetrates the gaps between moving parts and the interior of the lubrication system. Dust intrusion not only contaminates the lubricating oil (grease) and damages the integrity of the oil film, but also accelerates the wear of moving parts, ultimately leading to problems such as equipment lubrication failure, increased operating resistance, and abnormal temperature rise, significantly shortening the service life of the equipment.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems of poor lubrication of moving parts and reduced equipment lifespan caused by dust intrusion, a system is proposed that can effectively isolate dust and protect the critical moving parts of a cone crusher. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher, which solves the problems of dust intrusion into the moving part of the cone crusher and the wear and tear caused by dust intrusion.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher includes a closed chamber located at the upper end of the crusher's main shaft and within a closed seat. The closed chamber is connected to a first pipe for injecting oil into the chamber and a second pipe for filling the chamber with air. The spindle has a main air hole inside to facilitate the outward discharge of gas. The outlet end of the main air hole is connected to several exhaust holes, which are located above the drive gear of the spindle.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above solution, a first sealing ring is provided between the moving cone mounted on the spindle and the sealing cover, and a second sealing ring that can contact the sealing cover is provided on the spindle. The vent is located below the second sealing ring.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the air inlet end of the main air hole is sealed with an air guide pipe, and the air inlet of the air guide pipe is higher than the oil level in the closed cavity. The outlets of the first and second pipes each have downward bends. The outlet end of the first pipe is below the oil surface, while the outlet end of the second pipe is above the oil surface.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a normally closed pressure relief valve is also installed on the air duct.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, a support seat is fixedly installed on the sealed seat and located inside the sealed cavity. A sliding sleeve is movably installed on the top of the air guide tube. A spring is installed between the sliding sleeve and the air guide tube. A top ball that contacts the support seat is installed at the top of the sliding sleeve. The air duct is provided with a first air hole, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a second air hole that can communicate with the first air hole to exhaust air outward.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, an overflow hole is provided on the support platform sealed below the sealing seat to facilitate the outward discharge of excess oil. A storage tank is sealed at the outer end of the overflow hole, and a pump is provided on the storage tank to facilitate the outward extraction of lubricating oil.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, a check valve is connected to the pump outlet, and a flexible hose connected to the check valve is connected to the second pipeline.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, an atomizing sleeve is connected to the second pipeline, and the atomizing sleeve is connected to the hose.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By injecting air and lubricating oil into the enclosed cavity, the moving part connected to the top of the main shaft can be lubricated by oil immersion. The injected air increases the pressure inside the enclosed cavity, which on the one hand accelerates the flow of lubricating oil into the gap of the moving part, and on the other hand increases the pressure in the enclosed cavity and the gap connecting it with the overflow hole, thus preventing some dust from entering the gap. In addition, the main air hole and exhaust hole can spray gas outward. Especially during the operation of the crusher, due to the eccentric movement of the moving cone, gaps inevitably occur between the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the sealing cover. Therefore, the injected air can generate a blowing force against the dust, preventing dust from entering and achieving a better protection effect on the transmission part of the main shaft. This ensures normal lubrication and improves service life.

[0015] The air guide pipe sealed at the top of the main air port can prevent lubricating oil from leaking out. With the pressure relief valve and the first and second air ports intermittently open, intermittent exhaust can be achieved. This can effectively prevent dust and maintain continuous pressure in the closed cavity.

[0016] The overflow hole allows the lubricating oil that has passed through the motion to be drawn out. The drawn-out lubricating oil carries debris and high temperature generated by friction. After being filtered, it is pumped back into the closed cavity, thus realizing the circulation of the lubricating oil. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the CC direction; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point D; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the air guide tube and sliding sleeve in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the guide groove.

[0018] In the diagram: 10. Main shaft; 101. Main air vent; 102. Exhaust vent; 11. Enclosed cavity; 12. Enclosed seat; 13. First pipe; 14. Second pipe; 15. Moving cone; 16. Sealing cover; 17. First sealing ring; 18. Second sealing ring; 19. Air guide pipe; 192. First air vent; 20. Support seat; 201. Slide seat; 202. Electromagnet; 203. Permanent magnet; 21. Sliding sleeve; 211. Second air vent; 22. Top ball; 23. Spring; 24. Support platform; 25. Overflow hole; 26. Elastic top head assembly; 27. Guide groove; 271. First groove section; 272. Limiting platform; 273. Second groove section; 274. Third groove section; 28. One-way valve; 29. ​​Atomizing sleeve; 30. Hose; 31. Storage tank; 32. Pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0020] like Figure 1-6As shown, the specific solution of this embodiment is: a protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher, including a closed cavity 11 located at the upper end of the crusher's main shaft 10 and within a closed seat 12. The closed cavity 11 is connected to a first pipe 13 for injecting oil into it and a second pipe 14 for filling it with air. (Refer to the attached diagram.) Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the first pipe 13 and the second pipe 14 are led outward through a flexible hose, and a protective plate is installed on the closed seat 12 to cover the first pipe 13 and the second pipe 14 to prevent them from being damaged during operation. The main spindle 10 has a main vent 101 inside to facilitate the outward discharge of gas. The outlet end of the main vent 101 is connected to several exhaust ports 102. The exhaust ports 102 are located above the transmission gear of the main spindle 10, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, when gas is injected into the closed cavity 11 through the second pipe 14, the pressure inside the closed cavity 11 increases. On the one hand, this accelerates the entry of lubricating oil into the moving range of the closed cavity 11, improving the lubrication effect. On the other hand, it allows the injected air to be discharged from the exhaust port 102. This allows the dust generated by the crusher during operation to be sprayed outwards, preventing dust from entering the transmission gear that drives the main shaft 10 due to the eccentric swing of the moving cone 15 and the change in the time interval. This avoids dust intrusion and improves service life.

[0021] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a first sealing ring 17 is provided between the movable cone 15 mounted on the main shaft 10 and the sealing cover 16, and a second sealing ring 18 is provided on the main shaft 10 that can contact the sealing cover 16; the exhaust port 102 is located below the second sealing ring 18; the first sealing ring 17 and the second sealing ring 18 are made of rubber material, which has good elasticity and can adapt to the needs of partial eccentric movement. However, during the process of adjusting the up and down movement of the movable cone 15, the gap between the first sealing ring 17, the second sealing ring 18 and the sealing cover 16 will inevitably change. Therefore, it is almost impossible to completely isolate the dust during the crushing process. However, under the blowing of the gas discharged through the exhaust port 102, whether it is the gap change caused by the eccentric movement or the gap change caused by adjusting the up and down movement of the movable cone 15, the dust can be isolated from the outside, achieving a good dustproof effect.

[0022] like Figure 4 , 5As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the support platform 24 sealed below the sealing seat 12 is provided with an overflow hole 25 for facilitating the outward discharge of excess oil. A storage tank 31 is sealed at the outer end of the overflow hole 25. The lubricating oil participating in the rotation of the spindle 10 naturally overflows into the storage tank 31 for storage. Within the storage tank 31, the oil is filtered, which removes friction-generated debris and intruding dust. A pump 32 is connected to the storage tank 31 for facilitating the outward extraction of lubricating oil. A one-way valve 28 is connected to the outlet of the pump 32. The one-way valve 28 is connected to... A flexible hose 30 is connected to the second pipe 14. An atomizing sleeve 29 is connected to the second pipe 14 and is connected to the flexible hose 30. In this embodiment, by connecting the returned lubricating oil to the second pipe 14, the main purpose is to use the impact generated by the gas filling the second pipe 14 to blow some of the oil into a mist. After entering the closed cavity 11, most of the oil almost re-condenses. A portion of the misty oil will enter the main air hole 101 with the air and be discharged outward through the exhaust hole 102. This allows it to come into contact with dust after being discharged, thereby achieving the purpose of dust suppression.

[0023] Moreover, the circulating oil can carry away the high temperature generated by the spindle 10 during rotation, realizing heat exchange between the inside and outside. The main heat loss is due to the cooling effect of the gas introduced on the oil. In addition, the gas discharged through the main air hole 101 and the exhaust hole 102 also carries away heat, thus effectively cooling the spindle 10 and improving its service life.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the air inlet of the main air port 101 is sealed with an air guide pipe 19, and the air inlet of the air guide pipe 19 is higher than the oil level in the closed cavity 11. The outlets of the first pipe 13 and the second pipe 14 have downward bends. The outlet of the first pipe 13 is below the oil level, and the outlet of the second pipe 14 is above the oil level. The bends on the first pipe 13 are mainly to facilitate the rapid distribution of the injected oil to the top of the spindle 10. The bends on the second pipe 14 allow air to be sprayed directly onto the oil surface, which facilitates the condensation of a large amount of atomized oil and the cooling of the oil. The air guide pipe 19 is also equipped with a normally closed pressure relief valve. In this embodiment, the pressure relief valve is used to open and close the valve to achieve intermittent exhaust and pressure storage processes. This ensures normal exhaust and dust removal while maintaining the pressure inside the closed cavity 11.

[0025] like Figure 6 , 7As shown in Figure 8, regarding the intermittent exhaust from the main vent 101 and exhaust vent 102, this application provides a second implementation method. Unlike the previous embodiment, a support seat 20 is fixedly installed on the sealing seat 12 within the sealing cavity 11. The surface of the support seat 20 is inclined. A sliding sleeve 21 is movably installed on the top of the air guide pipe 19. A spring 23 is installed between the sliding sleeve 21 and the air guide pipe 19. A top ball 22, which contacts the support seat 20, is installed at the top of the sliding sleeve 21. A first vent 192 is provided on the air guide pipe 19, and a second vent 211, which communicates with the first vent 192 to exhaust air outwards, is provided on the sliding sleeve 21. Specifically, this embodiment utilizes the inherent eccentric oscillation of the main vent 101, through the surface of the support seat 20... The inclined surface structure creates different compression effects on the top ball 22 and the sliding sleeve 21. The spring 23 mainly maintains the rebound force of the top ball 22. When the second vent 211 and the first vent 192 overlap, the closed cavity 11 can be connected to the main vent 101, thereby exhausting and removing dust. This also enables intermittent exhaust and pressure accumulation. The increase in pressure allows the lubricating oil to quickly penetrate into the gap, maintaining the pressure during normal operation. This is especially beneficial when the sealing ring is worn over a long period of time, preventing dust from being carried in by the flow of lubricating oil. Moreover, during the intermittent exhaust process, the pressure inside the closed cavity 11 and the exhaust process can be balanced, maintaining good lubrication and preventing dust intrusion.

[0026] In a more preferred embodiment, in order to control the exhaust, a slide 201 that slides relative to the support 20 is also provided. The slide 201 has a cavity structure inside. The top of the slide 201 is fixed on the closed cavity 11. Several electromagnets 202 are provided on the slide 201, and several permanent magnets 203 corresponding to the electromagnets 202 are provided on the support 20. Therefore, after the electromagnets 202 are energized, the support 20 can be driven to move down under the electromagnetic repulsion force of the electromagnets 202 on the permanent magnets 203. This makes it easier for the second vent 211 and the first vent 192 to overlap, resulting in the most exhaust and the least effect on the pressure storage in the closed cavity 11.

[0027] In addition, another preferred embodiment is provided, such as Figure 7 , 8 As shown, this embodiment is an improvement on the previous embodiment. Specifically, a support platform 24 is rotatably arranged on the sliding sleeve 21, and a torsion spring is arranged between the support platform 24 and the sliding sleeve 21. Several elastic top assemblies 26 are fixedly arranged on the support platform 24, and several guide grooves 27 corresponding to the elastic top assemblies 26 are arranged on the surface of the air guide tube 19. The top of the elastic top assembly 26 faces the air guide tube 19 and slides in the guide groove 27. See attached document Figure 8The guide groove 27 includes a first groove segment 271, a second groove segment 273, and a third groove segment 274 arranged in a circle. A limiting platform 272 is provided between the first groove segment 271 and the second groove segment 273. The limiting platform 272 and the first groove segment 271 are connected by an inclined surface. The second groove segment 273 and the third groove segment 274 are connected smoothly. The extension direction of the third groove segment 274 gradually approaches the first groove segment 271. The bottom of the third groove segment 274 is higher than the bottom of the first groove segment 271. The top of the elastic top assembly 26 is along the first groove segment. 271, 272, 273, and 274 cycle through the movement of the limiting platform, the second groove segment, and the third groove segment. When the head of the elastic head assembly 26 is located in the first groove segment 271, the length of the sleeve between the sliding sleeve 21 and the air guide tube 19 is small, the area of ​​overlap between the second air hole 211 and the first air hole 192 is small, and the amount of gas discharged is small, which can achieve rapid pressure accumulation to accelerate the penetration of lubricating oil into the gap. When the head of the elastic head assembly 26 is located in the second groove segment 273, the length of the sleeve between the sliding sleeve 21 and the air guide tube 19 increases, and the third groove segment... With less overlap between the second vent 211 and the first vent 192, more gas is discharged, making it less prone to pressure buildup and maintaining normal lubrication levels. The movement of the elastic mandrel assembly 26 is mainly achieved by controlling the flow of different currents to the electromagnet 202. When the electromagnet 202 is energized, the electromagnetic repulsion between the electromagnet 202 and the permanent magnet 203 pushes the support base 20 downward, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 21 downward. The elastic mandrel assembly 26 can then be pushed into the second groove section 273 and restrained by the limiting stage 272. By blocking the upward movement, the position of the sliding sleeve 21 can be maintained for a long time. The pushing action of the support seat 20 on the top ball 22 will only allow the sliding sleeve 21 to move within a small range of the second slot 273, and it will not cross into the third slot 274. After continuing to increase the current to the electromagnet 202, the electromagnetic force will be strengthened, which can push the sliding sleeve 21 down a greater distance, so that the elastic top assembly 26 can cross the second slot 273, enter the third slot 274, and then turn into the first slot 271 to complete a cycle.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "including," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Specific examples have been used in this document to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the technical solutions of this invention. The above examples are merely to help understand the method and core ideas of this invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this invention. It should be pointed out that, due to the limitations of written expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or variations without departing from the principles of this invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher, characterized in that, It includes a closed cavity (11) located at the upper end of the main shaft (10) of the crusher and inside the closed seat (12). The closed cavity (11) is connected to a first pipe (13) for injecting oil into it and a second pipe (14) for filling it with air. The spindle (10) is provided with a main air hole (101) to facilitate the outward discharge of gas. The outlet end of the main air hole (101) is connected to several exhaust holes (102). The exhaust holes (102) are located above the transmission gear of the spindle (10). A first sealing ring (17) is provided between the movable cone (15) mounted on the main shaft (10) and the sealing cover (16), and a second sealing ring (18) is provided on the main shaft (10) that can contact the sealing cover (16). The exhaust port (102) is located below the second sealing ring (18); the air inlet end of the main air port (101) is sealed with an air guide pipe (19), and the air inlet of the air guide pipe (19) is higher than the oil level in the closed cavity (11); the outlets of the first pipe (13) and the second pipe (14) have downward bending sections respectively, the outlet end of the first pipe (13) is below the oil level, and the outlet end of the second pipe (14) is above the oil level; A support seat (20) is fixedly installed on the sealing seat (12) and located inside the sealing cavity (11). A sliding sleeve (21) is movably installed on the top of the air guide tube (19). A spring (23) is installed between the sliding sleeve (21) and the air guide tube (19). A top ball (22) that contacts the support seat (20) is installed on the top of the sliding sleeve (21). A first air hole (192) is provided on the air guide tube (19). A second air hole (211) that can communicate with the first air hole (192) to exhaust air outward is provided on the sliding sleeve (21). An overflow hole (25) is provided on the support platform (24) sealed below the sealing seat (12) to facilitate the outward discharge of excess oil. A storage tank (31) is sealed at the outer end of the overflow hole (25). A pump (32) is provided on the storage tank (31) to facilitate the outward extraction of oil. A one-way valve (28) is connected to the outlet of the pump (32). A hose (30) is connected to the one-way valve (28) and communicates with the second pipe (14). An atomizing sleeve (29) is provided on the second pipe (14) and communicates with the hose (30).

2. A protection system for a single-cylinder cone crusher, characterized in that, It includes a closed cavity (11) located at the upper end of the main shaft (10) of the crusher and within the closed seat (12). The closed cavity (11) is connected to a first pipe (13) for injecting oil into it and a second pipe (14) for filling it with air. The main shaft (10) is provided with a main air hole (101) for facilitating the outward discharge of gas. The outlet end of the main air hole (101) is connected to several exhaust holes (102). The exhaust holes (102) are located above the transmission gear of the main shaft (10). A first sealing ring (17) is provided between the movable cone (15) mounted on the main shaft (10) and the sealing cover (16), and a second sealing ring (18) is provided on the main shaft (10) that can contact the sealing cover (16). The exhaust port (102) is located below the second sealing ring (18); the air inlet end of the main air port (101) is sealed with an air guide pipe (19), and the air inlet of the air guide pipe (19) is higher than the oil level in the closed cavity (11); the outlets of the first pipe (13) and the second pipe (14) have downward bending sections respectively, the outlet end of the first pipe (13) is below the oil level, and the outlet end of the second pipe (14) is above the oil level; The air duct (19) is also equipped with a normally closed pressure relief valve; An overflow hole (25) is provided on the support platform (24) sealed below the sealing seat (12) to facilitate the outward discharge of excess oil. A storage tank (31) is sealed at the outer end of the overflow hole (25). A pump (32) is provided on the storage tank (31) to facilitate the outward extraction of oil. A one-way valve (28) is connected to the outlet of the pump (32). A hose (30) is connected to the one-way valve (28) and communicates with the second pipe (14). An atomizing sleeve (29) is provided on the second pipe (14) and communicates with the hose (30).

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