Vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine and cylinder groove processing method

Abstract

The present application relates to a vertical cylinder groove milling and broaching integrated machine and a cylinder groove machining method, and relates to the field of air conditioner compressor cylinder vane groove. The technical scheme adopts a vertical three-station simultaneous machining arrangement, can synchronously process cylinder parts to be machined in each station, and guarantees high precision and high efficiency of machining from the overall operation process; the milling mechanism is arranged with double milling spindles in parallel on a single milling groove sliding plate, and through an up-down progressive milling groove mode, the machining part does not need to be turned over, the efficiency loss of part turning operation is avoided, the positioning deviation caused by turning over is avoided, and the milling groove precision is effectively improved; the broaching mechanism can complete the broaching of the front and rear chamfers of the cylinder groove in a one-time up-down reciprocating state, and takes into account the efficiency and chamfer precision; the grinding mechanism divides the cylinder groove into four processes for grinding through process distribution, accurately controls the rough grinding and fine grinding processes, further guarantees the cylinder groove machining quality, and finally realizes the efficient and high-precision machining target of the cylinder groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning compressor cylinder blade groove technology, and particularly to a vertical cylinder groove milling, broaching and grinding integrated machine and cylinder groove processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Entering the 21st century, in order to improve the global ecological environment and mitigate the greenhouse effect, countries, especially my country, have continued to vigorously promote the energy-saving development of rotary air conditioning systems. The high efficiency of rotary air conditioning compressors has thus become a key core indicator. The core of this type of compressor lies in the cylinder, the rolling rotor, and the dynamic sealing structure of the vanes. The crankshaft drives the rotor to rotate, changing the volume, and combined with the synergistic effect of the motor power and the lubrication system, achieves efficient refrigerant compression. Because the vanes need to complete reciprocating motion within the slot, the precision, surface roughness, and geometric tolerances of the slot must meet extremely high standards. Therefore, the importance of high-precision machining technology for the cylinder vane slots, which are particularly difficult to machine in rotary compressors, is increasingly prominent. The cylinder structure is usually made of round cast iron or powder metallurgy alloy castings, and the inner wall of the slot needs to be precision machined (to ensure extremely low surface roughness) to guarantee a tight fit with the vanes.

[0003] Existing machining techniques for cylinder blade grooves mainly cover milling, broaching, and planing, with some scenarios potentially employing specialized forming tools. Milling is currently the most widely used method, typically employing end mills or face mills. However, due to the complex structure of the blade groove and limited machining space, milling requires milling one end first, then flipping the part to machine the other end. This not only easily creates tool-joint steps but also makes it difficult to achieve the required surface roughness. Broaching is suitable for machining internal and external surface grooves, offering advantages such as high efficiency and excellent surface roughness. However, the design and manufacturing costs of broaches are relatively high. More importantly, broaching achieves shaping by compressing and molding the material in the machining area, and the material is prone to springback after elastic deformation, often failing to meet finished product quality standards in scenarios with high precision requirements. Therefore, neither of these two mainstream machining methods can simultaneously meet the high-precision and high-efficiency machining requirements of cylinder blade grooves. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine and a cylinder groove processing method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine, including a bed, and the vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine further includes:

[0007] A milling mechanism, mounted on the bed, has a dual milling spindle capable of moving along the X and Z axes. The dual milling spindle can complete the milling of the cylinder groove without flipping it over.

[0008] A broaching mechanism, mounted on the machine bed and located on one side of the milling mechanism, includes a double-edged broach capable of moving along the Y and Z axes. This double-edged broach can complete the broaching of the front and rear chamfers of a cylinder groove in a single up-and-down reciprocating motion.

[0009] The grooving mechanism is mounted on the bed and located on the side of the broaching mechanism away from the milling mechanism. It has a grinding wheel that can move along the X-axis and Z-axis. The grinding wheel can grind the cylinder groove by rough grinding downward and fine grinding upward.

[0010] The machine bed is provided with milling fixture station, broaching fixture station and grinding fixture station respectively on the front side of the milling mechanism, broaching mechanism and grinding mechanism. A cylinder part to be processed is arranged on each of the milling fixture station, broaching fixture station and grinding fixture station for switching between the front and rear processes.

[0011] In some embodiments, the milling mechanism includes:

[0012] A milling base, the bottom of which is mounted on the machine bed, and the top of which is provided with a first milling slide rail along the X-axis;

[0013] A milling groove sliding seat, slidably connected to the first milling groove slide rail, has a second milling groove slide rail arranged along the Z-axis on its front side; and

[0014] A milling groove sliding plate is slidably connected to the second milling groove slide rail, and the dual milling spindle is arranged on the milling groove sliding plate along the X-axis direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the milling mechanism further includes:

[0016] The first servo motor for milling grooves is mounted on the milling groove base;

[0017] The first ball screw for milling grooves is rotatably mounted on the milling groove base along the X-axis direction and is connected to the power output end of the first servo motor for milling grooves. The nut pair of the first ball screw for milling grooves is connected to the milling groove sliding seat.

[0018] A second servo motor for milling grooves, which is mounted on the milling groove sliding seat; and

[0019] The second ball screw for milling grooves is rotatably mounted on the milling groove sliding seat along the Z-axis and is connected to the power output end of the second ball screw for milling grooves. The nut assembly of the second ball screw for milling grooves is connected to the milling groove sliding plate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the dual milling spindles include an upper milling spindle and a lower milling spindle arranged parallel to the milling groove sliding plate along the Z-axis direction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the broaching mechanism includes:

[0022] A broaching base, the bottom of which is mounted on the bed, and a broaching first slide rail is provided on its top along the Y-axis direction;

[0023] A broaching slide block, slidably connected to the first broaching slide rail, with a second broaching slide rail disposed on its front side along the Z-axis direction; and

[0024] A broaching slide plate is slidably connected to the second broaching slide rail, and the double-edged broach is disposed on the broaching slide plate along the Z-axis direction.

[0025] In some embodiments, the broaching mechanism further includes:

[0026] The first broaching servo motor is mounted on the broaching base;

[0027] A first ball screw for broaching is rotatably mounted on the broaching base along the Y-axis and is connected to the power output end of the first servo motor for broaching. The nut assembly of the first ball screw for broaching is connected to the broaching sliding seat.

[0028] A second broaching servo motor, which is mounted on the broaching slide; and

[0029] The second ball screw for broaching is rotatably mounted on the broaching slide seat along the Z-axis and is connected to the power output end of the second ball screw for broaching. The nut assembly of the second ball screw for broaching is connected to the broaching slide plate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the grinding mechanism includes:

[0031] A grinding groove base is mounted on the bed at its bottom, and a first grinding groove slide rail is provided on its front side along the Z-axis direction.

[0032] A first sliding plate for grinding grooves, slidably connected to a first slide rail for grinding grooves, and a second slide rail for grinding grooves is provided on its front side along the X-axis direction; and

[0033] The second sliding plate of the grinding groove is slidably connected to the second slide rail of the grinding groove, and the grinding wheel is arranged on the second sliding plate of the grinding groove along the Z-axis direction.

[0034] In some embodiments, the grinding mechanism further includes:

[0035] The first servo motor for grinding grooves is mounted on the grinding groove base;

[0036] The first ball screw for grinding groove is rotatably mounted on the grinding groove base along the Z-axis direction and is connected to the power output end of the first servo motor for grinding groove. The nut pair of the first ball screw for grinding groove is connected to the first sliding plate for grinding groove.

[0037] A second servo motor for grinding grooves, which is mounted on the first sliding plate of the grinding groove; and

[0038] The second ball screw for grinding groove is rotatably mounted on the first sliding plate of the grinding groove along the X-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the second ball screw for grinding groove, and the nut assembly of the second ball screw for grinding groove is connected to the second sliding plate of the grinding groove.

[0039] In some embodiments, the milling fixture station, broaching fixture station, and grinding fixture station all include a fixture table and a hydraulic rotary cylinder disposed on the fixture table, the hydraulic rotary cylinder being used to clamp the cylinder part to be processed.

[0040] Secondly, this application provides a method for machining cylinder grooves, the method being applied to the vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine described above, the method comprising:

[0041] S1. The robot arm places the cylinder part to be processed in the milling fixture position. After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the double milling spindle moves with the milling sliding seat and the milling sliding plate. The upper milling spindle mills downward from the upper left side of the cylinder groove to the set position and then stops. Then the lower milling spindle mills upward from the lower left side of the cylinder groove to the set position and then stops. The two processing parts overlap to ensure that the left side of the cylinder groove is completely milled out. Similarly, the upper and lower milling spindles are used to mill the right side of the cylinder groove. After milling out most of the excess material, 0.04-0.06mm of single-sided allowance is left for subsequent processing. The milling is completed without flipping the part.

[0042] S2. The robot moves the milled part to the broaching fixture station. After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the double-edged broach moves with the broaching slide and broaching slide plate. The double-edged broach penetrates downward along the Z-axis to broach the back chamfer of the cylinder groove. After broaching to the set position, the broaching slide moves forward to align the double-edged broach with the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. The double-edged broach penetrates upward along the Z-axis to broach the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. One up-and-down reciprocating motion completes the front and back chamfering of the cylinder groove.

[0043] S3. The robotic arm moves the broached part to the grinding groove fixture station. After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the grinding wheel moves with the first and second sliding plates of the grinding groove. First, it aligns with the left side of the cylinder groove. The second sliding plate of the grinding groove feeds slightly to the left along the X-axis, and the first sliding plate of the grinding groove penetrates downward along the Z-axis to perform rough grinding on the left side. After rough grinding to the set position, the second sliding plate of the grinding groove retracts slightly and then feeds slightly to the left along the X-axis. The first sliding plate of the grinding groove penetrates upward along the Z-axis to perform fine grinding on the left side. After fine grinding to the set position, the grinding of the left side of the cylinder groove is completed. Then, the second sliding plate of the grinding groove feeds slightly to the right along the X-axis, and the grinding process of the left side of the cylinder groove is repeated to complete the rough and fine grinding of the right side of the cylinder groove. Finally, the parallelism difference of the cylinder groove is ≤0.005mm and the roughness is ≤Rz3.2µm.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include at least the following:

[0045] This technical solution adopts a vertical three-station simultaneous processing layout, which can process the cylinder parts to be processed at each station at the same time, ensuring high precision and high efficiency in the overall operation process. The milling mechanism has two milling spindles arranged in parallel on a single milling sliding plate. Through the progressive milling method, there is no need to flip the parts, which avoids the efficiency loss of the parts flipping operation and avoids the positioning deviation caused by flipping, effectively improving the milling accuracy. The broaching mechanism can complete the broaching of the front chamfer and the back chamfer of the cylinder groove in one up and down reciprocating motion, taking into account both high efficiency and chamfer accuracy. The grinding mechanism grinds the cylinder groove in four processes through process allocation, accurately controlling the rough grinding and fine grinding process, further ensuring the processing quality of the cylinder groove, and finally achieving the goal of efficient and high-precision processing of the cylinder groove. Attached Figure Description

[0046] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the milling mechanism and milling fixture station of a vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the broaching mechanism and broaching fixture station of a vertical cylinder slot milling and broaching machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Figure 4The diagram shows a schematic representation of the grinding mechanism and grinding fixture station of a vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the picture:

[0052] 1. Bed frame;

[0053] 2. Milling mechanism; 21. Dual milling spindles; 211. Upper milling spindle; 212. Lower milling spindle; 22. Milling base; 23. First milling slide rail; 24. Milling sliding seat; 25. Second milling slide rail; 26. Milling sliding plate; 27. First milling servo motor; 28. First milling ball screw; 29. ​​Second milling servo motor; 210. Second milling ball screw;

[0054] 3. Broaching mechanism; 31. Double-edged broach; 32. Broaching base; 33. First broaching slide rail; 34. Broaching sliding seat; 35. Second broaching slide rail; 36. Broaching sliding plate; 37. First broaching servo motor; 38. First broaching ball screw; 39. Second broaching servo motor; 310. Second broaching ball screw;

[0055] 4. Grinding groove mechanism; 41. Grinding wheel; 42. Grinding groove base; 43. First slide rail for grinding groove; 44. First sliding plate for grinding groove; 45. Second slide rail for grinding groove; 46. Second sliding plate for grinding groove; 47. First servo motor for grinding groove; 48. First ball screw for grinding groove; 49. Second servo motor for grinding groove; 410. Second ball screw for grinding groove;

[0056] 5. Milling fixture station;

[0057] 6. Broaching fixture station;

[0058] 7. Grinding fixture station. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] In this specification, identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions towards or away from a specific component. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this specification, "multiple" means two or more.

[0061] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a vertical cylinder groove milling and broaching machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The machine includes a bed 1 and further comprises: a milling mechanism 2 mounted on the bed 1, which has a double milling spindle 21 capable of moving along the X and Z axes, the double milling spindle 21 being able to mill the cylinder groove without flipping it over; and a broaching mechanism 3 mounted on the bed 1 and located on one side of the milling mechanism 2, which has a double-edged broach 31 capable of moving along the Y and Z axes, the double-edged broach 31 being able to complete the milling of the cylinder groove in one reciprocating motion. The cylinder groove is chamfered at the front and back; and a grinding mechanism 4 is mounted on the bed 1 and located on the side of the broaching mechanism 3 away from the milling mechanism 2. It has a grinding wheel 41 that can move along the X-axis and Z-axis. The grinding wheel 41 can grind the cylinder groove by rough grinding downward and fine grinding upward. The bed 1 is provided with milling fixture station 5, broaching fixture station 6 and grinding fixture station 7 respectively on the front side of the milling mechanism 2, broaching mechanism 3 and grinding mechanism 4. A cylinder part to be processed is arranged on the milling fixture station 5, broaching fixture station 6 and grinding fixture station 7 respectively for switching between the front and rear processes.

[0063] In this embodiment, the dual milling spindle of the milling mechanism 2 can move along the X and Z axes without flipping the parts, which avoids positioning errors caused by flipping the parts and improves milling efficiency, leaving a precise allowance for subsequent processing; the double-edged broach of the broaching mechanism 3 completes the front and rear chamfering in one up-and-down motion along the Y and Z axes, eliminating multiple adjustment steps and balancing chamfering efficiency and transition smoothness; the grinding wheel of the grooving mechanism 4 precisely controls the processing accuracy by rough grinding downwards and fine grinding upwards, meeting the high requirements of cylinder grooves for parallelism and roughness; the three fixture stations correspond to the three major processing mechanisms, and the parts to be processed can be placed simultaneously, realizing smooth transition between processes and parallel processing of the three stations.

[0064] Figure 2 The diagram shows a structural schematic of the milling mechanism and milling fixture station of a vertical cylinder slot milling and grinding integrated machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The milling mechanism 2 includes: a milling base 22, the bottom of which is mounted on the bed 1, and a first milling slide rail 23 is provided on the top of which along the X-axis; a milling sliding seat 24, which is slidably connected to the first milling slide rail 23, and a second milling slide rail 25 is provided on its front side along the Z-axis; and a milling sliding plate 26, which is slidably connected to the second milling slide rail 25, and a dual milling spindle 21 is provided on the milling sliding plate 26 along the X-axis.

[0065] In detail, the milling mechanism 2 further includes: a first milling servo motor 27, which is mounted on the milling base 22; a first milling ball screw 28, which is rotatably mounted on the milling base 22 along the X-axis and is connected to the power output end of the first milling servo motor 27, and the nut pair of the first milling ball screw 28 is connected to the milling sliding seat 24; a second milling servo motor 29, which is mounted on the milling sliding seat 24; and a second milling ball screw 210, which is rotatably mounted on the milling sliding seat 24 along the Z-axis and is connected to the power output end of the second milling ball screw 210, and the nut pair of the second milling ball screw 210 is connected to the milling sliding plate 26.

[0066] More specifically, the dual milling spindle 21 includes an upper milling spindle 211 and a lower milling spindle 212 that are arranged parallel to the milling groove sliding plate 26 along the Z-axis direction.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first milling slide rail 23 and the milling sliding seat 24, and the second milling slide rail 25 and the milling sliding plate 26 cooperate to construct a dual-axis motion frame, providing precise lateral and vertical movement paths for the dual milling spindles 21. The first milling servo motor 27 and the first milling ball screw 28, and the second milling servo motor 29 and the second milling ball screw 210, through high-precision servo transmission, precisely control the movement distance and speed of the milling sliding seat 24 and the milling sliding plate 26, ensuring milling position accuracy. The upper milling spindle 211 and the lower milling spindle 212, which are arranged parallel to the Z-axis, can cooperate with the dual-axis motion to achieve progressive milling from top to bottom. The groove surface can be completely machined without flipping the part, avoiding the positioning deviation and efficiency loss caused by part flipping, and ensuring the integrity of the groove surface machining through the cooperation of the dual spindles.

[0068] Figure 3The diagram shows a structural schematic of the broaching mechanism and broaching fixture station of a vertical cylinder slot milling and broaching machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The broaching mechanism 3 includes: a broaching base 32, the bottom of which is mounted on the bed 1, and a broaching first slide rail 33 is provided on its top along the Y-axis direction; a broaching sliding seat 34, which is slidably connected to the broaching first slide rail 33, and a broaching second slide rail 35 is provided on its front side along the Z-axis direction; and a broaching sliding plate 36, which is slidably connected to the broaching second slide rail 35, and a double-edged broach 31 is provided on the broaching sliding plate 36 along the Z-axis direction.

[0069] Specifically, the broaching mechanism 3 also includes: a broaching first servo motor 37, which is mounted on the broaching base 32; a broaching first ball screw 38, which is rotatably mounted on the broaching base 32 along the Y-axis direction, and is connected to the power output end of the broaching first servo motor 37; the nut pair of the broaching first ball screw 38 is connected to the broaching sliding seat 34.

[0070] A second broaching servo motor 39 is mounted on a broaching slide seat 34; and a second broaching ball screw 310 is rotatably mounted on the broaching slide seat 34 along the Z-axis direction, and is connected to the power output end of the second broaching ball screw 310. The nut pair of the second broaching ball screw 310 is connected to the broaching slide plate 36.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first broaching slide rail 33 and the broaching slide seat 34, and the second broaching slide rail 35 and the broaching slide plate 36 cooperate to construct a dual-axis motion frame for the double-edged broach 31, ensuring that the broach can smoothly complete the front and rear position adjustment and the up and down broaching action. The first broaching servo motor 37 and the first broaching ball screw 38 are linked to precisely control the movement of the broaching slide seat 34 along the Y-axis, realizing the precise alignment of the double-edged broach 31 for the front and rear chamfers; the second broaching servo motor 39 and the second broaching ball screw 310 cooperate to precisely control the lifting speed and stroke of the broaching slide plate 36 along the Z-axis, ensuring the broaching depth and chamfer quality. Through the guide of the slide rail and the high-precision transmission of the servo ball screw, the double-edged broach 31 can complete the front and rear chamfering in one up and down movement, which saves the time loss of multiple adjustments and avoids the error of manual operation, effectively balancing the efficiency and accuracy of chamfering processing, and meeting the requirement of smooth operation of the blade in the cylinder groove.

[0072] Figure 4This diagram illustrates the structure of the grinding mechanism and grinding fixture station of a vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The grinding mechanism 4 includes: a grinding base 42, the bottom of which is mounted on the bed 1, and a first grinding slide rail 43 is provided on its front side along the Z-axis direction; a first grinding slide plate 44, which is slidably connected to the first grinding slide rail 43, and a second grinding slide rail 45 is provided on its front side along the X-axis direction; and a second grinding slide plate 46, which is slidably connected to the second grinding slide rail 45, and a grinding wheel 41 is provided on the second grinding slide plate 46 along the Z-axis direction.

[0073] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism 4 also includes: a first grinding servo motor 47, which is mounted on the grinding base 42; a first grinding ball screw 48, which is rotatably mounted on the grinding base 42 along the Z-axis and is connected to the power output end of the first grinding servo motor 47, and the nut pair of the first grinding ball screw 48 is connected to the first grinding sliding plate 44; a second grinding servo motor 49, which is mounted on the first grinding sliding plate 44; and a second grinding ball screw 410, which is rotatably mounted on the first grinding sliding plate 44 along the X-axis and is connected to the power output end of the second grinding ball screw 410, and the nut pair of the second grinding ball screw 410 is connected to the second grinding sliding plate 46.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first slide rail 43 and the first sliding plate 44 of the grinding groove, and the second slide rail 45 and the second sliding plate 46 of the grinding groove cooperate to construct a dual-axis motion frame, providing a smooth vertical and feed path for the grinding wheel 41. The first servo motor 47 of the grinding groove is linked with the first ball screw 48 of the grinding groove, which can precisely control the lifting and lowering of the first sliding plate 44 of the grinding groove along the Z-axis, ensuring that the grinding wheel 41 can achieve continuous downward rough grinding and upward fine grinding. The second servo motor 49 of the grinding groove cooperates with the second ball screw 410 of the grinding groove, which can precisely adjust the feed amount of the second sliding plate 46 of the grinding groove along the X-axis. Through the guide of the slide rail and the high-precision transmission of the servo ball screw, the grinding wheel 41 can stably complete the rough and fine grinding of the left and right sides of the cylinder groove, ultimately meeting the high requirements of cylinder groove parallelism difference ≤0.005mm and roughness ≤Rz3.2μm.

[0075] It is worth mentioning that, see Figures 1 to 4 Milling fixture station 5, broaching fixture station 6 and grinding fixture station 7 all include a fixture table and a hydraulic rotary cylinder set on the fixture table. The hydraulic rotary cylinder is used to clamp the cylinder parts to be processed.

[0076] In this embodiment, the hydraulic rotary cylinder can quickly clamp by rotating and pressing down, which can provide sufficient clamping force to prevent the parts from shifting due to vibration during milling, broaching, extrusion, and grinding feed, and can also simplify the clamping process, eliminating the need for cumbersome manual tightening and improving loading and unloading efficiency.

[0077] Next, a cylinder groove machining method involved in the embodiments of the present invention will be described. This method is applied to the vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine as described above. The method includes:

[0078] Step S1: The robot arm places the cylinder part to be processed in the milling fixture station 5. After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the double milling spindle 21 moves with the milling sliding seat 24 and the milling sliding plate 26. The upper milling spindle 211 mills downward from the upper left side of the cylinder groove to the set position and then stops. Then, the lower milling spindle 212 mills upward from the lower left side of the cylinder groove to the set position and then stops. The two processing parts overlap to ensure that the left side of the cylinder groove is completely milled out. Similarly, the upper milling spindle 211 and the lower milling spindle 212 are used to mill out the right side of the cylinder groove. After milling away most of the excess material, a single-sided allowance of 0.04-0.06mm is left for subsequent processing. The milling is completed without flipping the part.

[0079] Step S2: The robot moves the milled part to the broaching fixture station 6. After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the double-edged broach 31 moves with the broaching slide 34 and the broaching slide plate 36. The double-edged broach 31 penetrates downward along the Z-axis to broach the rear chamfer of the cylinder groove. After broaching to the set position, the broaching slide 34 moves forward so that the double-edged broach 31 is aligned with the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. The double-edged broach 31 penetrates upward along the Z-axis to broach the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. One up-and-down reciprocating motion completes the front and rear chamfering of the cylinder groove.

[0080] Step S3: The robot arm moves the broached part to the grinding groove fixture station 7. After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the grinding wheel 41 moves with the first sliding plate 44 and the second sliding plate 46 of the grinding groove. First, it aligns with the left side of the cylinder groove. The second sliding plate 46 feeds slightly to the left along the X-axis, and the first sliding plate 44 penetrates downward along the Z-axis to perform rough grinding on the left side. After rough grinding to the set position, the second sliding plate 46 retracts slightly and then feeds slightly to the left along the X-axis. The first sliding plate 44 penetrates upward along the Z-axis to perform fine grinding on the left side. After fine grinding to the set position, the grinding of the left side of the cylinder groove is completed. Then, the second sliding plate 46 feeds slightly to the right along the X-axis to repeat the grinding process of the left side of the cylinder groove, completing the rough and fine grinding of the right side of the cylinder groove. Finally, the parallelism difference of the cylinder groove is ≤0.005mm and the roughness is ≤Rz3.2µm.

[0081] In summary, this technical solution adopts a vertical three-station simultaneous processing layout, which can process the cylinder parts to be processed at each station simultaneously, ensuring high precision and high efficiency in the overall operation process. The milling mechanism has two milling spindles arranged in parallel on a single milling sliding plate. Through the progressive milling method, there is no need to flip the parts, which avoids the efficiency loss of flipping the parts and avoids the positioning deviation caused by flipping, effectively improving the milling accuracy. The broaching mechanism can complete the broaching of the front chamfer and the back chamfer of the cylinder groove in one up-and-down reciprocating motion, balancing high efficiency and chamfer accuracy. The grinding mechanism grinds the cylinder groove in four processes through process allocation, accurately controlling the rough grinding and fine grinding processes, further ensuring the processing quality of the cylinder groove, and ultimately achieving the goal of efficient and high-precision processing of the cylinder groove.

[0082] In the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments disclosed in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine, comprising a bed (1), characterized in that, The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine also includes: The milling mechanism (2) is mounted on the bed (1) and has a double milling spindle (21) that moves along the X-axis and Z-axis. The double milling spindle (21) includes an upper milling spindle (211) and a lower milling spindle (212) arranged parallel to each other along the Z-axis. The upper milling spindle (211) mills downward from the upper left side of the cylinder groove to a set position and then stops. The lower milling spindle (212) then mills upward from the lower left side of the cylinder groove to a set position and then stops. The two processing parts overlap to ensure that the left side of the cylinder groove is completely milled out. Similarly, the upper milling spindle (211) and the lower milling spindle (212) are used to mill out the right side of the cylinder groove. The double milling spindle (21) completes the milling of the cylinder groove without flipping the cylinder groove. A broaching mechanism (3), mounted on the bed (1) and located on one side of the milling mechanism (2), has a double-edged broach (31) that moves along the Y-axis and Z-axis. The double-edged broach (31) penetrates downward along the Z-axis to broach the back chamfer of the cylinder groove. After broaching to a set position, the double-edged broach (31) moves forward to align with the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. The double-edged broach (31) penetrates upward along the Z-axis to broach the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. The double-edged broach (31) completes the broaching of the front and back chamfers of the cylinder groove in one up-and-down reciprocating motion. The grooving mechanism (4) is mounted on the bed (1) and located on the side of the broaching mechanism (3) away from the milling mechanism (2). It has a grinding wheel (41) that moves along the X-axis and Z-axis. The grinding wheel (41) is first aligned with the left side of the cylinder groove. The grinding wheel (41) feeds slightly to the left along the X-axis. The grinding wheel (41) then penetrates downward along the Z-axis to perform rough grinding on the left side. After rough grinding to the set position, the grinding wheel (41)... 41) After a slight retraction, feed slightly to the left along the X-axis. The grinding wheel (41) passes through the left side along the Z-axis to perform fine grinding. After fine grinding to the set position, the grinding of the left side of the cylinder groove is completed. Then, feed slightly to the right along the X-axis through the grinding wheel (41) to repeat the grinding process of the left side of the cylinder groove, and complete the rough grinding and fine grinding of the right side of the cylinder groove. The grinding wheel (41) completes the grinding of the cylinder groove by rough grinding downward and fine grinding upward. Among them, the bed (1) is provided with milling fixture station (5), broaching fixture station (6) and grinding fixture station (7) respectively on the front side of the milling mechanism (2), broaching mechanism (3) and grinding mechanism (4). A cylinder part to be processed is arranged on the milling fixture station (5), broaching fixture station (6) and grinding fixture station (7) respectively.

2. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The milling mechanism (2) includes: A milling base (22) is mounted on the bed (1) at its bottom and a first milling slide rail (23) is provided on its top along the X-axis. A milling groove sliding seat (24) is slidably connected to the first milling groove slide rail (23), and a second milling groove slide rail (25) is provided on its front side along the Z-axis direction; and The milling groove sliding plate (26) is slidably connected to the milling groove second slide rail (25), and the dual milling spindle (21) is arranged on the milling groove sliding plate (26) along the X-axis direction.

3. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The milling mechanism (2) further includes: The first servo motor (27) for milling grooves is mounted on the milling groove base (22); The first ball screw (28) for milling grooves is rotatably mounted on the milling groove base (22) along the X-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the first servo motor (27) for milling grooves. The nut pair of the first ball screw (28) for milling grooves is connected to the milling groove sliding seat (24). The second servo motor (29) for milling grooves is mounted on the milling groove slide (24); and The second ball screw (210) for milling grooves is rotatably mounted on the milling groove sliding seat (24) along the Z-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the second ball screw (210) for milling grooves. The nut pair of the second ball screw (210) for milling grooves is connected to the milling groove sliding plate (26).

4. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper milling spindle (211) and the lower milling spindle (212) are mounted on the milling groove sliding plate (26).

5. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The broaching mechanism (3) includes: A broaching base (32) is mounted on the bed (1) at its bottom and a broaching first slide rail (33) is provided on its top along the Y-axis. A broaching slide block (34) is slidably connected to the first broaching slide rail (33), and a second broaching slide rail (35) is provided on its front side along the Z-axis direction; and A broaching slide plate (36) is slidably connected to the broaching second slide rail (35), and the double-edged broach (31) is arranged on the broaching slide plate (36) along the Z-axis direction.

6. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The broaching mechanism (3) also includes: The broaching first servo motor (37) is mounted on the broaching base (32); The first ball screw (38) for broaching is rotatably mounted on the broaching base (32) along the Y-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the first servo motor (37) for broaching. The nut pair of the first ball screw (38) for broaching is connected to the broaching sliding seat (34). A second broaching servo motor (39) is mounted on the broaching slide (34); and The second ball screw (310) for broaching is rotatably mounted on the broaching slide seat (34) along the Z-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the second ball screw (310) for broaching. The nut pair of the second ball screw (310) for broaching is connected to the broaching slide plate (36).

7. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The grinding mechanism (4) includes: The grinding groove base (42) is mounted on the bed (1) at its bottom, and a grinding groove first slide rail (43) is provided on its front side along the Z-axis direction. A first sliding plate (44) for grinding grooves is slidably connected to the first slide rail (43) for grinding grooves, and a second slide rail (45) for grinding grooves is provided on its front side along the X-axis direction; and The second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove is slidably connected to the second sliding rail (45) of the grinding groove, and the grinding wheel (41) is arranged on the second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove along the Z-axis direction.

8. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The grinding mechanism (4) further includes: The first servo motor (47) for grinding groove is mounted on the grinding groove base (42); The first ball screw (48) of the grinding groove is rotatably mounted on the grinding groove base (42) along the Z-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the first servo motor (47) of the grinding groove. The nut pair of the first ball screw (48) of the grinding groove is connected to the first sliding plate (44) of the grinding groove. The second servo motor (49) for grinding grooves is mounted on the first sliding plate (44) of the grinding groove; and The second ball screw (410) of the grinding groove is rotatably mounted on the first sliding plate (44) of the grinding groove along the X-axis direction. It is connected to the power output end of the second ball screw (410) of the grinding groove, and the nut pair of the second ball screw (410) of the grinding groove is connected to the second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove.

9. The vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The milling fixture station (5), broaching fixture station (6) and grinding fixture station (7) all include a fixture table and a hydraulic rotary cylinder set on the fixture table. The hydraulic rotary cylinder is used to press the cylinder part to be processed.

10. A method for machining a cylinder groove, characterized in that, The method is applied to the vertical cylinder groove milling and grinding integrated machine as described in claim 9, and the method includes: S1. The robot places the cylinder part to be processed in the milling fixture station (5). After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the double milling spindle (21) moves with the milling sliding seat (24) and the milling sliding plate (26). The upper milling spindle (211) mills downward from the upper left side of the cylinder groove to the set position and then stops. Then, the lower milling spindle (212) mills upward from the lower left side of the cylinder groove to the set position and then stops. The two processing parts overlap to ensure that the left side of the cylinder groove is completely milled out. Similarly, the upper milling spindle (211) and the lower milling spindle (212) are used to mill out the right side of the cylinder groove. After milling out most of the excess, 0.04-0.06mm of single-sided excess is left for subsequent processing. The milling is completed without flipping. S2. The robot moves the milled part to the broaching fixture station (6). After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the double-edged broach (31) moves with the broaching slide (34) and the broaching slide plate (36). The double-edged broach (31) penetrates downward along the Z-axis to broach the back chamfer of the cylinder groove. After broaching to the set position, the broaching slide (34) moves forward so that the double-edged broach (31) is aligned with the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. The double-edged broach (31) penetrates upward along the Z-axis to broach the front chamfer of the cylinder groove. The front chamfer of the cylinder groove is completed in one up-and-down reciprocating motion. S3. The robot moves the broached part to the grinding groove fixture station (7). After the hydraulic rotary cylinder clamps it, the grinding wheel (41) moves with the first sliding plate (44) and the second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove. First, it aligns with the left side of the cylinder groove. The second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove feeds slightly to the left along the X-axis. The first sliding plate (44) of the grinding groove penetrates downward along the Z-axis to perform rough grinding on the left side. After rough grinding to the set position, the second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove... After a slight retraction, the cylinder groove is fed slightly to the left along the X-axis. The first sliding plate (44) of the grinding groove passes through the left side of the cylinder groove upward along the Z-axis for fine grinding. After fine grinding to the set position, the grinding of the left side of the cylinder groove is completed. Then, the cylinder groove is fed slightly to the right along the X-axis through the second sliding plate (46) of the grinding groove. The grinding process of the left side of the cylinder groove is repeated to complete the rough grinding and fine grinding of the right side of the cylinder groove. Finally, the parallelism difference of the cylinder groove is ≤0.005mm and the roughness is ≤Rz3.2µm.

Images