Ear noise reduction system and method based on seat structure improvements

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of seat noise reduction technology, specifically to an ear noise reduction system and method based on seat structure improvements. The ear noise reduction device of this invention includes an adjustable bracket and a flexible earmuff located at the end of the adjustable bracket. The flexible earmuff houses a noise reduction module and a sensor array. The adjustable bracket includes a fixed bracket, a hinge point, a movable bracket, and a fixing block. The noise reduction module is located in the center of the inner side of the flexible earmuff, and a sensor array is located around the periphery of the noise reduction module. The input of the ANC controller collects parameters of the noise target through external sensors and outputs an anti-phase sound wave that cancels out noise in a specific frequency band through the noise reduction module. The sensor array feeds back the noise-reduced parameters collected from multiple sources to the ANC controller, forming a closed-loop control system. Through ear contour optimization and multi-area noise monitoring, combined with a gradient sound insulation structure, differentiated noise reduction in local areas such as the ear canal and auricle is achieved, resulting in a comprehensive noise reduction depth improvement of over 30%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seat noise reduction technology, specifically to an ear noise reduction system and method based on an improved seat structure. Background Technology

[0002] In daily life and work, people are often in noisy environments such as vehicles and offices, where external noise can interfere with communication, rest, and work, reducing quality of life and work efficiency. Existing ear noise cancellation devices are mostly independent of the seat. To address these issues, those skilled in the art have explored solutions. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN116825071A discloses a noise cancellation method, device, and vehicle that utilizes a speaker to emit anti-noise near the ear, achieving a certain noise reduction effect. However, existing solutions still have shortcomings. Some devices are inconvenient to wear, have poor noise reduction effects, and are difficult to adapt to different users' head shapes and wearing habits. Furthermore, some noise cancellation devices lack precise monitoring and differentiated processing of noise in different areas, failing to meet users' noise reduction needs in diverse scenarios. Therefore, it is necessary to design an ear noise cancellation system and method based on improved seat structure to enhance noise reduction effect, wearing comfort, and user control flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an ear noise reduction system and method based on seat structure improvement. By optimizing the seat structure, differentiated noise reduction in different areas of the ear can be achieved, thereby improving the noise reduction effect, wearing comfort and user control flexibility.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An ear noise cancellation system based on an improved seat structure includes a seat and an ear noise cancellation device located at the headrest at the top of the seat. The ear noise cancellation device includes adjustable supports extending forward on both sides of the headrest and flexible earmuffs located at the ends of the adjustable supports. The flexible earmuffs have built-in noise cancellation modules and sensor arrays for differentiated noise cancellation in different areas of the ear, wherein: The adjustable support is L-shaped and includes a fixed support, a hinge point, a movable support, and a fixing block. One end of the fixed support is installed on the side of the headrest, and the other end of the fixed support is connected to the movable support through the hinge point. The movable support is installed on the fixing block on the back of the flexible earmuff. The flexible earmuff can be self-adjusted with the hinge point as the center through the movable support. The flexible earmuff is designed in a cover shape with its inner side facing the ear; a noise reduction module is located in the middle of the inner side, and a sensor array is located around the periphery of the noise reduction module; the space where the noise reduction module and the sensor array are located is filled with a sound insulation structure. In addition, the seat is equipped with an ANC controller and external sensors. The input of the ANC controller collects the parameters of the noise target through the external sensors and outputs an anti-phase sound wave that cancels out the noise in a specific frequency band through the noise reduction module. The sensor array feeds back the noise-reduced parameters collected from multiple sources to the ANC controller, forming a closed-loop control system.

[0005] This technical solution improves the seat structure by incorporating an ear noise reduction device in the headrest. An adjustable bracket enables the flexible earmuffs to self-adjust, working in conjunction with a built-in noise reduction module and sensor array, along with an ANC controller and external sensors to form a closed-loop control system. This achieves differentiated noise reduction for different areas of the ears, ultimately enhancing seating comfort. Specifically, the adjustable bracket utilizes a clever structure of a fixed bracket, hinge point, movable bracket, and fixing block to achieve the self-adjustment function of the flexible earmuffs. The fixed bracket, installed on the side of the headrest, provides a stable support base for the entire bracket system. The hinge point, acting as a movable joint, allows the movable bracket to rotate around its center, thereby adjusting the posture of the flexible earmuffs. Taking into full account the different head shapes, sizes, and wearing habits of different users, users can adjust the movable bracket to ensure the flexible earmuffs accurately fit their ears, ensuring effective noise reduction while improving wearing comfort. For example, people of different heights and body types will have different head positions relative to the headrest when sitting in the seat; the adjustable bracket allows for easy adjustment of the angle of the flexible earmuffs to better adapt to the ear position. Flexible earcups fit snugly to the contours of the ear, reducing the possibility of external noise entering through gaps between the earcups and the ear, thus improving the sealing of noise cancellation. Simultaneously, the use of flexible materials prevents excessive pressure on the earcups during wear, enhancing comfort for extended periods. The noise-canceling module is located in the center of the inner side of the earcup, allowing for more direct targeting of the ear and improving noise cancellation effectiveness. Sound-insulating structures fill the space between the noise-canceling module and the sensor array, further enhancing the earcups' sound insulation performance, reducing interference from external noise on the noise-canceling module and sensor array, and preventing the leakage of anti-phase sound waves generated by the noise-canceling module to the outside, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the noise cancellation system. The sensor array is arranged around the periphery of the noise reduction module, which can collect noise information around the ear from multiple sources. For example, if the sensor array detects that the noise in a certain frequency band is still high after noise reduction, it means that the noise reduction effect in that frequency band is not ideal. The ANC controller will dynamically adjust the frequency, amplitude and other parameters of the anti-phase sound wave. By continuously adjusting the characteristics of the anti-phase sound wave, it can better cancel out the noise in the current environment, thereby optimizing the noise reduction effect. This allows the system to adapt to the constantly changing noise environment. Whether the intensity, frequency or direction of the noise changes, the system can adjust the noise reduction strategy in time to maintain stable noise reduction performance.

[0006] In addition, the ear noise reduction system based on the improved seat structure proposed above according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: According to one embodiment of the present invention, the noise reduction module includes at least a noise reduction unit I and a noise reduction unit II, both of which are miniature speakers and are used to cancel noise in a specific frequency band. The noise reduction unit I is used for auricular noise reduction, and the noise reduction unit II is used for ear canal noise reduction.

[0007] This technical solution enhances noise reduction by incorporating at least two miniature speakers (Noise Reduction Unit I and Noise Reduction Unit II) within the noise reduction module. These units cancel out specific frequency bands of noise from the auricle and ear canal, respectively. Because different frequencies of sound are reflected and diffracted differently at the auricle, the noise received in this region exhibits a specific frequency distribution. For example, high-frequency sounds are reflected and scattered more at the auricle, making high-frequency noise more pronounced. Therefore, specific noise reduction processing targeting the noise characteristics of the auricle region is necessary. Noise Reduction Unit I is used for auricle noise reduction to address this unique acoustic environment and noise characteristics. Noise Reduction Unit I and Noise Reduction Unit II cancel out noise from specific frequency bands, more effectively handling noise from different sources and at different frequencies, thus improving the noise reduction effect.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor array includes at least sensor I, sensor II, sensor III and sensor IV, which correspond to the two sides of the auricle, the ear canal and the area behind the ear, respectively, to realize multi-area noise monitoring.

[0009] This technical solution utilizes a sensor array comprising at least Sensor I, Sensor II, Sensor III, and Sensor IV to monitor noise in different areas of the ear, achieving accurate multi-region noise acquisition. The sides of the auricle have a wide coverage area and are easily affected by sound from various directions; the ear canal is a relatively enclosed space where sound propagates and undergoes specific acoustic effects; the area behind the ear, located behind the auricle, has acoustic characteristics that differ from the sides and ear canal. Noise propagating along different paths will exhibit changes in intensity, frequency, and phase when it reaches different areas of the ear. By placing sensors in different areas of the ear, noise propagating along different paths can be monitored simultaneously, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the noise reduction situation around the ear.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation structure is a gradient sound insulation material, including an inner porous sound-absorbing layer, a middle damping gel, and an outer sound insulation foam; The gradient of the sound insulation structure is dynamically adjusted by the compressibility of the sound insulation material to match the requirements of the noise frequency band.

[0011] In this technical solution, the inner porous sound-absorbing layer is typically made of materials with numerous tiny pores, such as foam plastics or fiber materials. When sound waves enter the porous material, they cause the air inside the material to vibrate. Friction occurs between the air and the pore walls, converting sound energy into heat energy, thus achieving a sound absorption effect. The higher the porosity, the smaller the pore size, and the thicker the material, the better the sound absorption performance, especially for mid-to-high frequency noise. The middle layer, damping gel, is a material with high damping characteristics, which can effectively absorb and dissipate the vibrational energy of sound waves. When sound waves propagate to the damping gel layer, the internal friction between gel molecules converts the mechanical energy of the sound waves into heat energy, thereby reducing the amplitude of the sound waves and achieving noise reduction. The damping gel has a good suppression effect on low-frequency noise and absorbs the long-wavelength vibrations of low-frequency sound waves. The outer layer of sound-insulating foam typically has high density and good elasticity, which can block the propagation of sound waves and reflect most of the sound waves back, thereby reducing the sound waves from entering the interior space through the sound insulation structure; it has a good sound insulation effect on mid-to-high frequency noise and can effectively reflect the shorter wavelengths of mid-to-high frequency sound waves.

[0012] Gradual-layered sound insulation materials can play different roles in each layer according to the characteristics of noise at different frequency bands, achieving noise reduction across the entire frequency range and adapting to the noise reduction needs of different usage scenarios. For example, the inner sound insulation structure is relatively thicker in the top of the auricle and near the concha; while it is relatively thinner at the edge of the auricle and behind the ear; the middle sound insulation structure is thicker in the area directly opposite the ear canal; and relatively thinner in other non-critical areas of the auricle; the outer sound insulation structure is thicker in the front and top areas of the earmuff; and relatively thinner in the back and bottom areas of the earmuff. Through this stepped thickness variation based on different areas of the ear and noise characteristics, the earmuff can more effectively reduce noise from different directions and frequency bands.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ANC controller has a built-in voice module and a touch module. The voice module is used to collect voice interactions, and the touch module is used to select a full-frequency noise reduction mode, a human voice transparency mode, or a low-frequency enhancement mode.

[0014] This technical solution enhances user convenience and personalization by integrating a voice module and a touch module into the ANC controller, enabling voice interaction and selection of multiple noise reduction modes. For example, a user can use a voice command, such as "switch to voice transparency mode." The voice module within the ANC controller will capture and analyze this command. Upon successful recognition, the ANC controller will send a control signal to the noise reduction module in the earcups, adjusting the noise reduction algorithm to ensure clearer human voices while appropriately reducing noise in other non-human voice frequency bands. Alternatively, a user can operate the device via the touch module, lightly touching the touch area on the earcups to select a low-frequency enhancement mode. Upon receiving the touch signal, the ANC controller will adjust the noise reduction module's parameters, reducing excessive suppression of mid-to-high frequency noise, enhancing the perception of low-frequency ambient sound, and reducing power consumption. Finally, a user can use a voice command again, such as "turn on voice transparency mode." After the voice module captures and recognizes the command, the ANC controller will adjust the noise reduction status of the earcups, ensuring clear human voices for easier communication.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor is provided around the periphery of the flexible earmuff. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure around the ear and determine the sealing degree of the flexible earmuff, thereby dynamically optimizing the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio.

[0016] This technical solution uses pressure sensors placed around the flexible earmuffs to detect the pressure around the ears to determine the degree of sealing, thereby dynamically optimizing the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio to improve the comfort and effectiveness of noise reduction.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the external sensor is an environmental sensor used to collect incoming traffic noise and human voices.

[0018] This technical solution uses environmental sensors as external sensors to collect incoming traffic noise and human voices, providing comprehensive noise data support for the noise reduction system.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ANC controller identifies the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions through a frequency band separation algorithm, and determines the noise target to be suppressed.

[0020] This technical solution uses an ANC controller and a frequency band separation algorithm to identify the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions, thereby accurately determining the noise target to be suppressed and improving the targeting and effectiveness of noise reduction.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides an ear noise reduction method based on an improved seat structure.

[0022] An ear noise reduction method based on improved seat structure includes the following steps: S1. Users can adjust the angle of the flexible earcups using the adjustable bracket to ensure comfort during long-term wear; S2. The ANC controller controls external sensors to collect parameters of noise targets. The ANC controller identifies the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions based on the frequency band separation algorithm, and determines the noise targets that need to be suppressed. S3. Users can switch modes via the voice module and touch module. The ANC controller controls the noise reduction module to output anti-phase sound waves to cancel out noise in specific frequency bands, depending on whether it is full-frequency noise reduction mode, human voice transparency mode or low-frequency enhancement mode, so as to achieve differentiated noise reduction in different areas of the ear. S4. The sensor array corresponds to the two sides of the auricle, the ear canal and the area behind the ear respectively. It collects the noise reduction parameters from multiple sources and feeds them back to the ANC controller. The ANC controller analyzes the noise reduction effect based on the parameters fed back by the sensor array, dynamically adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the anti-phase sound wave, and optimizes the noise reduction effect. Meanwhile, pressure sensors around the flexible earmuffs detect the pressure around the ears to determine the degree of seal when wearing the flexible earmuffs. The ANC controller dynamically optimizes the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio based on the information fed back by the pressure sensors.

[0023] This technical solution achieves efficient, comfortable, and personalized ear noise reduction by accurately identifying noise, flexibly adjusting noise reduction modes, monitoring feedback in real time, and dynamically optimizing noise reduction parameters. Specifically, in step S1, the user adjusts the wearing angle of the flexible earcups using an adjustable bracket to ensure comfort during extended wear, guaranteeing a tight fit between the earcups and the ear, reducing the possibility of external noise entering through gaps. In step S2, the ANC controller controls external sensors to collect noise target parameters and identifies the dominant frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions based on a frequency band separation algorithm, accurately determining the noise targets to be suppressed. In step S3, the user switches modes using the voice module and touch module, and the ANC controller controls the noise reduction module to output anti-phase sound waves that cancel out specific frequency band noise according to different modes, achieving differentiated noise reduction for different areas of the ear. By fully considering the user's needs in different scenarios and flexibly adjusting the noise reduction strategy through mode switching, the noise reduction effect becomes more personalized. To better suit actual usage scenarios and improve the targeting and effectiveness of noise reduction, the sensor array in step S4 collects noise-reduced parameters from different areas of the ear and feeds them back to the ANC controller. The ANC controller analyzes the noise reduction effect based on these parameters, dynamically adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the anti-phase sound wave, and adjusts the noise reduction parameters in a timely manner according to the actual situation to ensure that the noise reduction effect is always at its best. Pressure sensors around the flexible earcups detect the pressure around the ears to determine the degree of sealing. The ANC controller dynamically optimizes the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio based on the feedback information to avoid poor noise reduction effect caused by improper sealing. At the same time, it can also reasonably adjust the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio according to different degrees of sealing to achieve a more efficient and comfortable noise reduction experience.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Outstanding noise reduction effect: Through ear contour optimization and multi-area noise monitoring, combined with gradient sound insulation structure, it can achieve differentiated noise reduction in local areas such as ear canal and auricle, and improve the overall noise reduction depth by more than 30%, and can accurately deal with noise in different frequency bands; (2) High comfort and adaptability: Flexible earplugs and adjustable brackets ensure comfortable wear for a long time; the adaptive system can cope with sudden changes in environmental noise; the pressure sensor detects the degree of fit and dynamically optimizes noise reduction parameters to improve wearing comfort and noise reduction effect; (3) Flexible user control: It supports multiple modes of voice and touch control and custom local noise reduction intensity to meet the diverse needs of scenarios such as preserving human voice in meetings and full-frequency noise reduction during commuting, thereby improving user convenience and personalized experience. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ear noise reduction system.

[0026] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable bracket.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible earmuff.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the control principle diagram of the ANC controller.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ANC controller.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Seat; 2. Headrest; 3. Adjustable bracket; 31. Fixed bracket; 32. Hinge point; 33. Movable bracket; 34. Fixing block; 4. Flexible earmuffs; 5. Noise reduction module; 51. Noise reduction unit I; 52. Noise reduction unit II; 6. Sensor array; 61. Sensor I; 62. Sensor II; 63. Sensor III; 64. Sensor IV; 7. Noise target; 8. ANC controller; 9. Ear; 10. External sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an ear noise reduction system based on an improved seat 1 structure, including a seat 1 and an ear noise reduction device located at the headrest 2 on the top of the seat 1. The ear noise reduction device includes adjustable supports 3 extending forward on both sides of the headrest 2, and flexible earmuffs 4 located at the ends of the adjustable supports 3. The flexible earmuffs 4 have built-in noise reduction modules 5 and sensor arrays 6 for differentiated noise reduction in different areas of the ear 9, wherein: like Figure 2 As shown, the adjustable bracket 3 is L-shaped and includes a fixed bracket 31, a hinge point 32, a movable bracket 33, and a fixing block 34. One end of the fixed bracket 31 is installed on the side of the headrest 2, and the other end of the fixed bracket 31 is connected to the movable bracket 33 through the hinge point 32. The movable bracket 33 is installed on the fixing block 34 on the back of the flexible earmuff 4. The flexible earmuff 4 is adaptively adjusted with the hinge point 32 as the center through the movable bracket 33. like Figure 3 As shown, the flexible earmuff 4 is shaped like a cover, with its inner side facing the ear 9; a noise reduction module 5 is provided in the middle of the inner side, and a sensor array 6 is provided around the periphery of the noise reduction module 5; the space where the noise reduction module 5 and the sensor array 6 are located is filled with a sound insulation structure. like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the seat 1 is also equipped with an ANC controller 8 and an external sensor 10. The input terminal of the ANC controller 8 collects the parameters of the noise target 7 through the external sensor 10, and outputs the anti-phase sound wave that cancels the noise of a specific frequency band through the noise reduction module 5. The sensor array 6 feeds back the noise-reduced parameters collected from multiple sources to the ANC controller 8, forming a closed-loop control system.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this technical solution improves the structure of the seat 1 by installing an ear noise reduction device 9 at the headrest 2 at the top of the seat 1. An adjustable bracket 3 enables the flexible earmuffs 4 to self-adjust. Combined with a built-in noise reduction module 5 and a sensor array 6, along with an ANC controller 8 and external sensors 10, a closed-loop control system is formed. This achieves the ultimate goal of providing differentiated noise reduction for different areas of the ear 9 for the user of the seat 1, thereby improving seating comfort. Specifically, the adjustable bracket 3 achieves the self-adjustment function of the flexible earmuffs 4 through a clever structure of a fixed bracket 31, a hinge point 32, a movable bracket 33, and a fixing block 34. The fixed bracket 31 is installed on the side of the headrest 2, providing a stable support base for the entire bracket system. The hinge point 32, as a movable joint, allows the movable bracket 33 to rotate around its center, thereby adjusting the posture of the flexible earmuffs 4. Taking into full account the head shape, size, and wearing habits of different users, the user can adjust the movable bracket 33 to ensure the flexible earmuffs 4 accurately fit their ears 9, ensuring noise reduction while improving wearing comfort. For example, when people of different heights and body types sit on seat 1, the relative position of their heads and headrest 2 will differ. The angle of the flexible earcups 4 can be easily adjusted using the adjustable bracket 3 to better adapt to the position of the ears 9. The flexible earcups 4 can closely fit the contours of the ears 9, reducing the possibility of external noise entering through the gaps between the earcups and the ears 9, thus improving the sealing of noise reduction. At the same time, the use of flexible materials ensures that the earcups do not cause excessive pressure on the ears 9 when worn, improving comfort during long-term wear. The noise reduction module 5 is located in the middle of the inner side of the earcup, allowing it to be more directly aligned with the ears 9, improving the noise reduction effect. The space where the noise reduction module 5 and the sensor array 6 are located is filled with a sound-insulating structure, further enhancing the sound insulation performance of the earcups, reducing interference from external noise on the noise reduction module 5 and the sensor array 6, and also preventing the anti-phase sound waves generated by the noise reduction module 5 from leaking to the outside, thus improving the overall efficiency of the noise reduction system. The sensor array 6 is arranged around the periphery of the noise reduction module 5, which can collect noise information around the ear 9 from multiple sources. For example, if the sensor array 6 detects that the noise in a certain frequency band is still high after noise reduction, it means that the noise reduction effect in that frequency band is not ideal. The ANC controller 8 will dynamically adjust the frequency, amplitude and other parameters of the anti-phase sound wave. By continuously adjusting the characteristics of the anti-phase sound wave, it can better cancel out the noise in the current environment, thereby optimizing the noise reduction effect. This allows the system to adapt to the constantly changing noise environment. No matter whether the intensity, frequency or direction of the noise changes, the system can adjust the noise reduction strategy in time to maintain stable noise reduction performance.

[0034] In addition, the ear noise reduction system 9 based on the improved seat 1 structure proposed above according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: According to an embodiment of the present invention, the noise reduction module 5 includes at least a noise reduction unit I 51 and a noise reduction unit II 52. Both noise reduction unit I 51 and noise reduction unit II 52 are miniature speakers, which are used to cancel noise in a specific frequency band. Noise reduction unit I 51 is used for auricular noise reduction, and noise reduction unit II 52 is used for ear canal noise reduction.

[0035] This technical solution enhances noise reduction by incorporating at least two miniature speakers, noise reduction unit I 51 and noise reduction unit II 52, within the noise reduction module 5. These speakers cancel out noise in specific frequency bands targeting the auricle and ear canal, respectively. Because different frequencies of sound are reflected and diffracted differently at the auricle, the noise received in the auricle region has a specific frequency distribution. For example, high-frequency sounds are reflected and scattered more at the auricle, making high-frequency noise more significant in this region. Therefore, noise reduction specifically targets the noise characteristics of the auricle region. Noise reduction unit I 51, used for auricle noise reduction, addresses this unique acoustic environment and noise characteristics of the auricle region. Noise reduction units I 51 and II 52 cancel out noise in specific frequency bands, more effectively handling noise from different sources and at different frequencies, thus improving the noise reduction effect.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor array 6 includes at least sensor I 61, sensor II 62, sensor III 63 and sensor IV 64, which correspond to the two sides of the auricle, the ear canal and the postauricular region of the ear 9, respectively, to realize multi-region noise monitoring.

[0037] This technical solution utilizes at least sensor I 61, sensor II 62, sensor III 63, and sensor IV 64 included in sensor array 6 to monitor noise in different areas of the ear 9, achieving accurate multi-area noise acquisition. The sides of the auricle have a wide coverage area and are easily affected by sound from various directions; the ear canal is a relatively enclosed space where sound propagates and undergoes specific acoustic effects; the area behind the ear is located behind the auricle, and its acoustic characteristics differ from those of the sides and ear canal. Noise propagating along different paths will change in intensity, frequency, and phase when it reaches different areas of the ear. By placing sensors in different areas of the ear 9, noise propagating along different paths can be monitored simultaneously, thus providing a more comprehensive understanding of the noise reduction situation around the ear 9.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sound insulation structure is a gradient sound insulation material, including an inner porous sound-absorbing layer, a middle damping gel, and an outer sound insulation foam; The gradient of the sound insulation structure is dynamically adjusted by the compressibility of the sound insulation material to match the requirements of the noise frequency band.

[0039] In this technical solution, the inner porous sound-absorbing layer is typically made of materials with numerous tiny pores, such as foam plastics or fiber materials. When sound waves enter the porous material, they cause the air inside the material to vibrate. Friction occurs between the air and the pore walls, converting sound energy into heat energy, thus achieving a sound absorption effect. The higher the porosity, the smaller the pore size, and the thicker the material, the better the sound absorption performance, especially for mid-to-high frequency noise. The middle layer, damping gel, is a material with high damping characteristics, which can effectively absorb and dissipate the vibrational energy of sound waves. When sound waves propagate to the damping gel layer, the internal friction between gel molecules converts the mechanical energy of the sound waves into heat energy, thereby reducing the amplitude of the sound waves and achieving noise reduction. The damping gel has a good suppression effect on low-frequency noise and absorbs the long-wavelength vibrations of low-frequency sound waves. The outer layer of sound-insulating foam typically has high density and good elasticity, which can block the propagation of sound waves and reflect most of the sound waves back, thereby reducing the sound waves from entering the interior space through the sound insulation structure; it has a good sound insulation effect on mid-to-high frequency noise and can effectively reflect the shorter wavelengths of mid-to-high frequency sound waves.

[0040] Gradual-layered sound insulation materials can play different roles in each layer according to the characteristics of noise at different frequency bands, achieving noise reduction across the entire frequency range and adapting to the noise reduction needs of different usage scenarios. For example, the inner sound insulation structure is relatively thicker in the top of the auricle and near the concha; while it is relatively thinner at the edge of the auricle and behind the ear; the middle sound insulation structure is thicker in the area directly opposite the ear canal; and relatively thinner in other non-critical areas of the auricle; the outer sound insulation structure is thicker in the front and top areas of the earmuff; and relatively thinner in the back and bottom areas of the earmuff. Through this stepped thickness variation based on different areas of the ear and noise characteristics, the earmuff can more effectively reduce noise from different directions and frequency bands.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ANC controller 8 has a built-in voice module and a touch module. The voice module is used to collect voice interactions, and the touch module is used to select a full-frequency noise reduction mode, a human voice transparency mode, or a low-frequency enhancement mode.

[0042] This technical solution, by integrating a voice module and a touch module into the ANC controller 8, enables voice interaction and the selection of multiple noise reduction modes, enhancing user convenience and personalized experience. For example, a user can use a voice command, such as "switch to voice transparency mode." The voice module built into the ANC controller 8 will collect and analyze this command. Upon successful recognition, the ANC controller 8 will send a control signal to the noise reduction module 5 in the earcups to adjust the noise reduction algorithm, allowing human voices to enter the user's ears more clearly while appropriately reducing noise in other non-human voice frequency bands. For example, a user can operate the device via the touch module, lightly touching the touch area on the earcups to select the low-frequency enhancement mode. After receiving the touch signal, the ANC controller 8 will adjust the parameters of the noise reduction module 5, reducing excessive suppression of mid-to-high frequency noise, enhancing the perception of low-frequency ambient sound, and reducing power consumption. For example, a user can again use a voice command, such as "turn on voice transparency mode." After the voice module collects and recognizes the command, the ANC controller 8 will adjust the noise reduction state of the earcups, allowing human voices to enter clearly, facilitating communication with others.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor is provided around the periphery of the flexible earmuff 4. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure around the ear 9 and determine the sealing degree of the flexible earmuff 4, thereby dynamically optimizing the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio.

[0044] This technical solution uses pressure sensors placed around the flexible earcups to detect the pressure around the ears to determine the degree of sealing, thereby dynamically optimizing the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio to improve the comfort and effectiveness of noise reduction.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the external sensor 10 is an environmental sensor used to collect incoming traffic noise and human voices.

[0046] This technical solution uses an environmental sensor as an external sensor 10 to collect incoming traffic noise and human voices, providing comprehensive noise data support for the noise reduction system.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ANC controller 8 identifies the main frequency band and direction of multi-region noise through a frequency band separation algorithm, and determines the noise target 7 that needs to be suppressed.

[0048] This technical solution uses an ANC controller 8 to employ a frequency band separation algorithm to identify the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions, thereby accurately determining the noise target 7 that needs to be suppressed and improving the targeting and effectiveness of noise reduction.

[0049] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment provides a noise reduction method for the ear 9 based on an improved seat 1 structure, including the following steps: S1. Users can adjust the wearing angle of the flexible earcups 4 using the adjustable bracket 3 to ensure comfort during long-term wear; S2, ANC controller 8 controls external sensor 10 to collect parameters of noise target 7. ANC controller 8 identifies the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions according to frequency band separation algorithm and determines the noise target 7 that needs to be suppressed. S3. Users can switch modes via voice module and touch module. ANC controller 8 controls noise reduction module 5 to output anti-phase sound waves to cancel noise in specific frequency bands according to full-frequency noise reduction mode, human voice transparency mode or low frequency enhancement mode, so as to achieve differentiated noise reduction in different areas of the ear 9. S4 and sensor array 6 correspond to the two sides of the auricle, the ear canal and the area behind the ear 9, respectively. They collect the noise reduction parameters from multiple sources and feed them back to ANC controller 8. ANC controller 8 analyzes the noise reduction effect based on the parameters fed back by sensor array 6, and dynamically adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the anti-phase sound wave to optimize the noise reduction effect. Meanwhile, pressure sensors around the flexible earmuff 4 detect the pressure around the ear 9 to determine the degree of sealing of the flexible earmuff 4. The ANC controller 8 dynamically optimizes the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio based on the information fed back by the pressure sensors.

[0050] This technical solution achieves efficient, comfortable, and personalized noise reduction for the ear 9 by accurately identifying noise, flexibly adjusting noise reduction modes, real-time monitoring and feedback, and dynamically optimizing noise reduction parameters. Specifically, in step S1, the user uses the adjustable bracket 3 to adjust the wearing angle of the flexible earcups 4 to ensure long-term wearing comfort and a tight fit between the earcups and the ear 9, reducing the possibility of external noise entering through gaps. In step S2, the ANC controller 8 controls the external sensor 10 to collect parameters of the noise target 7 and identifies the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions based on a frequency band separation algorithm, accurately determining the noise target 7 that needs to be suppressed. In step S3, the user switches modes using the voice module and touch module, and the ANC controller 8 controls the noise reduction module 5 to output anti-phase sound waves that cancel out specific frequency band noise according to different modes, achieving differentiated noise reduction for different regions of the ear 9. By fully considering the user's needs in different scenarios and flexibly adjusting the noise reduction strategy through mode switching, the noise reduction effect is further enhanced. To better suit actual usage scenarios and improve the targeting and effectiveness of noise reduction, the sensor array 6 in step S4 collects noise reduction parameters from different areas of the ear 9 and feeds them back to the ANC controller 8. The ANC controller 8 analyzes the noise reduction effect based on these parameters, dynamically adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the anti-phase sound wave, and adjusts the noise reduction parameters in a timely manner according to the actual situation to ensure that the noise reduction effect is always at its best. The pressure sensor around the flexible earcup 4 detects the pressure around the ear 9 to determine the degree of sealing. The ANC controller 8 dynamically optimizes the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio based on the feedback information to avoid poor noise reduction effect caused by poor sealing. At the same time, it can also reasonably adjust the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio according to different degrees of sealing to achieve a more efficient and comfortable noise reduction experience.

Claims

1. An ear noise reduction system based on an improved seat structure, characterized in that, Includes a seat (1) and an ear (9) noise reduction device located at the headrest (2) at the top of the seat (1). The ear (9) noise reduction device includes adjustable supports (3) extending forward on both sides of the headrest (2) and flexible earmuffs (4) located at the ends of the adjustable supports (3). The flexible earmuffs (4) have built-in noise reduction modules (5) and sensor arrays (6) for differentiated noise reduction in different areas of the ear (9), wherein: The adjustable bracket (3) is L-shaped and includes a fixed bracket (31), a hinge point (32), a movable bracket (33), and a fixing block (34). One end of the fixed bracket (31) is installed on the side of the headrest (2), and the other end of the fixed bracket (31) is connected to the movable bracket (33) through the hinge point (32). The movable bracket (33) is installed on the fixing block (34) on the back of the flexible earmuff (4). The flexible earmuff (4) is adaptively adjusted by the movable bracket (33) with the hinge point (32) as the center. The flexible earmuff (4) is set in a cover shape with its inner side facing the ear (9); a noise reduction module (5) is set in the middle of the inner side, and a sensor array (6) is set around the periphery of the noise reduction module (5); the space where the noise reduction module (5) and the sensor array (6) are located is filled with a sound insulation structure. In addition, the seat (1) is also equipped with an ANC controller (8) and an external sensor (10). The input terminal of the ANC controller (8) collects the parameters of the noise target (7) through the external sensor (10) and outputs the anti-phase sound wave that cancels the noise of a specific frequency band through the noise reduction module (5). The sensor array (6) feeds back the noise-reduced parameters collected from multiple sources to the ANC controller (8) to form a closed-loop control system. The noise reduction module (5) includes at least noise reduction unit I (51) and noise reduction unit II (52). Noise reduction unit I (51) and noise reduction unit II (52) are both miniature speakers, which are used to cancel noise in specific frequency bands. Noise reduction unit I (51) is used for auricular noise reduction, and noise reduction unit II (52) is used for ear canal noise reduction. The sensor array (6) includes at least sensor I (61), sensor II (62), sensor III (63) and sensor IV (64), which correspond to the two sides of the auricle, the ear canal and the area behind the ear of the ear (9), respectively, to realize multi-area noise monitoring; The sound insulation structure is a gradient sound insulation material, including an inner porous sound-absorbing layer, a middle damping gel, and an outer sound insulation foam. The gradient of the sound insulation structure is dynamically adjusted by the compressibility of the sound insulation material to match the requirements of the noise frequency band; The flexible earmuff (4) is provided with a pressure sensor around its periphery. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure around the ear (9) and determine the sealing degree of the flexible earmuff (4), thereby dynamically optimizing the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio.

2. The ear noise reduction system based on improved seat structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ANC controller (8) has a built-in voice module and a touch module. The voice module is used to collect voice interaction data, and the touch module is used to select full-frequency noise reduction mode, human voice transparency mode, or low-frequency enhancement mode.

3. The ear noise reduction system based on improved seat structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The external sensor (10) is an environmental sensor used to collect incoming traffic noise and human voices.

4. The ear noise reduction system based on improved seat structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ANC controller (8) identifies the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions through a frequency band separation algorithm, and determines the noise target to be suppressed (7).

5. A method for ear noise reduction based on improved seat structure, employing the ear noise reduction system based on improved seat structure as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The user can adjust the angle of the flexible earmuff (4) by adjusting the adjustable bracket (3) to ensure comfort during long-term wear; S2, ANC controller (8) controls external sensor (10) to collect parameters of noise target (7), ANC controller (8) identifies the main frequency band and direction of noise in multiple regions according to frequency band separation algorithm, and determines the noise target (7) to be suppressed; S3. Users switch modes via voice module and touch module. ANC controller (8) controls noise reduction module (5) to output anti-phase sound waves that cancel out noise in specific frequency bands according to full-frequency noise reduction mode, human voice transparency mode or low-frequency enhancement mode, so as to achieve differentiated noise reduction in different areas of the ear (9). S4 and the sensor array (6) correspond to the two sides of the auricle, the ear canal and the area behind the ear of the ear (9), respectively. The parameters after noise reduction are collected from multiple sources and fed back to the ANC controller (8). The ANC controller (8) analyzes the noise reduction effect based on the parameters fed back by the sensor array (6), dynamically adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the anti-phase sound wave, and optimizes the noise reduction effect. Meanwhile, the pressure sensor around the flexible earmuff (4) detects the pressure around the ear (9) and determines the sealing degree of the flexible earmuff (4). The ANC controller (8) dynamically optimizes the noise reduction intensity and frequency band suppression ratio based on the information fed back by the pressure sensor.

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