A method for high-temperature wide-range early warning of a battery

Abstract

This invention provides a method for large-scale early warning of high battery temperatures. A thermally sensitive conductive module is attached to the surface of the battery. The module includes an inlet channel, an outlet channel, a plug ball, a low-melting-point alloy composite material pressure plate, a pressure screw, and structural components. The inlet channel of the thermally sensitive conductive module is connected to a pressure source via a pipe or channel. The medium in the pressure source is a pressurized liquid or gas and contains substances that can attract human sensory attention. The outlet channel of the thermally sensitive conductive module is connected to the external environment of the battery via a pipe or channel. This thermally sensitive conductive module has a short response time, low cost, and high reliability. It can be widely attached to the battery surface to provide a large-scale early warning. Simultaneously, it can release substances that attract human sensory attention into the environment, such as colored water or white powder, emitting a large-area warning so that nearby personnel are alerted and can take preventative measures in advance, reducing loss of life and property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a method for early warning of high battery temperatures over a wide range. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries are widely used as the foundation of new energy sources, but fires caused by batteries, resulting in human tragedies and property damage, are frequently reported in the news. Battery thermal runaway involves technologies such as battery design, temperature control, and system alarms. However, these are only controllable by the battery user. It is difficult for people or property next to the battery to know the corresponding battery status. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that can issue a large-scale warning in the early stages of battery overheating, so that people and property next to the battery can be alerted and take measures in advance, including calling the alarm, moving away, transferring property, and cooling down with water. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention attempts to overcome the above defects. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for early warning of battery high temperature over a wide range, which solves the problem of early warning of battery thermal runaway.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for large-scale early warning of high battery temperature, wherein a thermal conductive module is attached to the surface of the battery. The thermal conductive module includes an inlet channel, an outlet channel, a plug ball, a low-melting-point alloy mixture as a pressure material, a pressure screw, and a structural component. The inlet channel of the thermal conductive module is connected to a pressure source via a pipe or channel. The medium in the pressure source is a pressurized liquid or gas, and the pressure source contains a substance that can attract human sensory attention. The outlet channel of the thermal conductive module is connected to the external environment of the battery via a pipe or channel. The manufacturing method of the thermal conductive module is as follows: First, the structural component is formed, and the structural component is provided with an inlet channel, an outlet channel, and an installation channel for the pressure screw. Second, the plug ball is inserted through the outlet channel and abuts against the inlet channel. Third, the low-melting-point alloy mixture is poured in through the outlet channel, and then the pressure screw is screwed in through the installation channel, so that the low-melting-point alloy mixture is compressed to form the low-melting-point alloy mixture. The process involves several steps: First, a low-melting-point alloy mixture is placed against the embolization ball. Second, a thermally sensitive conductive module is placed on a vibrating table to shake out any uncompressed low-melting-point alloy mixture. Third, the inlet channel of the thermally sensitive conductive module is connected to a pressure source. If the pressure can be maintained, the product is considered qualified, and production is complete. The low-melting-point alloy mixture comprises low-melting-point alloy powder, metal powder, and ceramic powder. The production method is as follows: First, metal powder and ceramic blocks are placed in the grinding chamber of an electric grinder and the chamber cover is sealed. Second, the electric grinder is started for grinding. Third, the powder is removed from the grinding chamber and allowed to cool to room temperature before being uniformly mixed with the low-melting-point alloy powder to form the low-melting-point alloy mixture. The contact area between the pressure screw and the low-melting-point alloy mixture pressure material, i.e., the tail of the pressure screw, is machined into a concave shape, which is hemispherical or conical. The diameter of the pressure screw is 1.5-3 times the diameter of the embolization ball.

[0005] Furthermore, the pressure source includes a water tank, the inlet of which is connected to pressurized tap water, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet channel of the thermal conductive module. The water tank contains a substance that can attract people's sensory attention, namely a dye, and the color of the dye is red, yellow, blue, or orange.

[0006] Furthermore, the pressure source is a closed metal or plastic cavity filled with sodium bicarbonate or water. A valve is provided on the surface of the cavity to inject air pressure, which ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 MPa. The metal cavity is made of stainless steel or brass, and the plastic cavity is made of polyurethane.

[0007] Furthermore, the structural components of the thermal conduction module are made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy.

[0008] Furthermore, the embolization ball is made of stainless steel.

[0009] Furthermore, the material of the pressure screw is red copper or brass.

[0010] Furthermore, the low-melting-point alloy powder in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is indium bismuth tin alloy powder, and the metal powder in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is copper powder, brass powder, or silver powder.

[0011] Furthermore, in the low-melting-point alloy mixture, the volumetric composition ratio of each material is as follows: indium bismuth tin alloy powder accounts for 20-40% of the volume, metal powder accounts for 20-40% of the volume, and the remainder is ceramic powder.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet channel is 3-10 times that of the inlet channel.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Currently, low-melting-point alloys are often processed into rods for use in similar scenarios. However, low-melting-point alloys are 3-10 times more expensive than ordinary metals. This invention utilizes powdered low-melting-point alloys, which reduces the amount of low-melting-point alloys used and lowers costs. Furthermore, in the good thermal conductivity environment formed by die-cast metal structural parts and top-pressing screws, the low-melting-point alloy mixture transforms from a solid to a semi-solid state, reducing the required heat and thermal conduction time. This allows the thermally sensitive conductive module to respond more quickly to abnormal temperature increases. The thermally sensitive conductive module of this invention is low-cost, highly reliable, and can be widely attached to the battery surface, providing a wide-area early warning function. It can also release substances that attract people's attention into the environment, issuing a large-area warning so that adjacent people and property are alerted and can take preventative measures in advance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the thermal conduction module.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Inlet channel; 2. Outlet channel; 3. Embolizing ball; 4. Low-melting-point alloy composite material pressure plate; 5. Pressure screw; 6. Structural component. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0017] This invention provides a method for early warning of large-scale battery high temperature, such as... Figure 1As shown, a thermal conductive module is attached to the surface of the battery. The thermal conductive module includes an inlet channel 1, an outlet channel 2, a plug ball 3, a low-melting-point alloy composite material pressing element 4, a pressing screw 5, and a structural component 6. The inlet channel 1 of the thermal conductive module is connected to a pressure source through a pipe or channel. The medium in the pressure source is a pressurized liquid or gas, and the pressure source contains a substance that can attract human sensory attention. The outlet channel 2 of the thermal conductive module is connected to the external environment of the battery through a pipe or channel. The manufacturing method of the thermal conductive module is as follows: First, the structural component 6 is formed. The structural component 6 is provided with the inlet channel 1. The installation channels for outlet channel 2 and top-pressure screw 5 are as follows: Second, insert the embolized ball 3 through outlet channel 2 and press it against inlet channel 1. Third, pour low-melting-point alloy mixture into outlet channel 2, then screw in the top-pressure screw 5 through the installation channel, causing the low-melting-point alloy mixture to be compressed and form a low-melting-point alloy mixture top-pressure object 4, which presses against the embolized ball 3. Fourth, place the thermal conductive module on the vibration table to shake out any uncompressed low-melting-point alloy mixture. Fifth, connect the inlet channel 1 of the thermal conductive module to a pressure source. If it can... Maintaining pressure indicates product qualification and completion of manufacturing. The low-melting-point alloy mixture comprises low-melting-point alloy powder, metal powder, and ceramic powder. The manufacturing method of the low-melting-point alloy mixture is as follows: First, place the metal powder and ceramic blocks into the grinding chamber of an electric grinder and seal the chamber cover. Second, start the electric grinder for grinding. Third, remove the powder from the grinding chamber and allow it to cool to room temperature. Then, uniformly mix it with the low-melting-point alloy powder to form the low-melting-point alloy mixture. The contact point between the top-pressing screw 5 and the low-melting-point alloy mixture top-pressing material 4 is the tail of the top-pressing screw 5. The machined surface is shaped into a concave form, which can be hemispherical or conical. The diameter of the top screw 5 is 1.5-3 times the diameter of the plug ball 3. The pressure source includes a water tank, the inlet of which is connected to pressurized tap water, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet channel 1 of the thermal conductive module. The water tank contains a dye that can attract human sensory attention. The dye is red, yellow, blue, or orange. The pressure source is a closed metal or plastic cavity filled with sodium bicarbonate or water. The cavity surface is equipped with a valve, through which air pressure is injected. The air pressure range is 0.1-1.The pressure is 5 MPa. The metal cavity is made of stainless steel or brass, the plastic cavity is made of polyurethane, the structural component 6 of the thermal conductive module is made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy, the embolization ball 3 is made of stainless steel, the pressure screw 5 is made of red copper or brass, the low-melting-point alloy powder in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is indium bismuth tin alloy powder, the metal powder in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is red copper powder, brass powder, or silver powder, and the volumetric composition of each material in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is as follows: indium bismuth tin alloy powder accounts for 20-40% of the volume, metal powder accounts for 20-40% of the volume, and the balance is ceramic powder. The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet channel 2 is 3-10 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet channel 1.

[0018] Working principle: When the battery surface temperature rises to a certain temperature, the heat is conducted to the low-melting-point alloy mixture through the die-cast metal structural component 6. The low-melting-point alloy powder in the mixture softens and melts, causing the mixture to transform from a solid to a semi-solid state. During heating, the rigidity of the low-melting-point alloy mixture top material 4 gradually decreases. The melted low-melting-point alloy powder adheres to the surface of the metal powder, causing the volume of the top material 4 to collapse and its solid form to gradually disappear. At this point, the embolization ball 3, under pressure, further deforms the top material 4. Once a pore appears between the embolization ball 3 and the inlet channel 1, the medium in the pressure source will further destroy the top material 4, causing the pores to expand further, thus enabling the thermal conductivity module to conduct. The low-melting-point alloy mixture contains low-melting-point alloy powder, metal powder, and ceramic powder. Because ceramic materials are not easily deformed and have high rigidity, sharp surfaces and complex geometric shapes are generated during the crushing process. The powder forms a certain number of inlaid structures. Sharp ceramic materials can also scratch the surface of metal powder and cause irregular deformation. The complex geometric shape of ceramic powder can effectively fix the powder to agglomerate. Therefore, ceramic powder plays a skeletal support role, so that the low-melting-point alloy mixture 4 composed of powder can maintain its shape under the pressure of the pressure screw 5. The pressure plug ball 3 plays a fixing role. The production process of low-melting-point alloy mixture avoids the melting and agglomeration of low-melting-point alloy powder caused by heating during the crushing of ceramics. The tail of the pressure screw 5 is concave. Combined with the fact that the diameter of the pressure screw 5 is larger than the diameter of the plug ball 3, the low-melting-point alloy mixture 4 between the pressure screw 5 and the plug ball 3 can be more stable, preventing the low-melting-point alloy mixture from being shaken apart during the vibration of the vibration table. It also simulates the vibration and impact environment in actual use. At the same time, the low-melting-point alloy mixture that does not participate in the pressure will be shaken off, avoiding material waste. The cleared space is conducive to the conduction of the thermal conductive module during heating.

[0019] Examples of thermal conduction modules We purchase 800-700 mesh indium bismuth-tin alloy powder (melting point 80°C), 800-700 mesh copper powder, and ceramic tile fragments. The formula for the low-melting-point alloy mixture is: 25% indium bismuth-tin alloy powder by volume, 25% copper powder by volume, and the remainder ceramic powder. The electric mill has a motor speed of 34,000 rpm and a rated power of 1400 watts. It can produce 0.9 kg of low-melting-point alloy mixture in a single batch. The production process is as follows: First, place the copper powder and ceramic tile fragments into the grinding chamber of the electric mill and seal the chamber lid. Second, start the electric mill to grind the powder. Third, remove the powder from the grinding chamber and allow it to cool to room temperature. Then, mix it evenly with the indium bismuth-tin alloy powder to produce the low-melting-point alloy mixture. The structural component 6 of the thermal conduction module is made of aluminum alloy and is formed by die casting. The inlet channel 1 has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 3 mm, and the outlet channel 2 has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 12 mm. The embolism ball 3 is made of stainless steel with a diameter of 5 mm. The pressure screw 5 has a diameter of 10 mm and is made of red copper. The tail of the pressure screw is machined into a tapered shape. Figure 1 As shown, the top-pressing screw is embedded in structural component 6 through a mounting channel, and the thread of the mounting channel is... Figure 1The details are omitted. The manufacturing method of the thermal conduction module is as follows: First, die-cast the structural part 6, then remove the die-casting burrs using a polishing machine, and use a tapping machine to create threads in the inlet channel 1, outlet channel 2, and the mounting channel of the top pressure screw 5. Second, insert the embolization ball 3 through the outlet channel 2 and press it against the inlet channel 1. Third, connect the inlet channel 1 to the negative pressure air pipe, ensuring that the embolization ball 3 blocks the inlet channel 1. Then, pour in the low melting point alloy mixture through the outlet channel 2, and use a cylinder to press the poured low melting point alloy mixture tightly. Finally, screw in the top pressure screw 5 through the mounting channel, so that... After being compressed, the low-melting-point alloy mixture forms a low-melting-point alloy mixture top material 4, which presses against the plug ball 3. In the fourth step, the thermal conductive module is placed on a vibration table with a vibration frequency of 50 Hz. During the vibration, the outlet channel 2 faces downward, and the low-melting-point alloy mixture that is not compressed and fixed is shaken out and collected for later use. In the fifth step, the inlet channel 1 of the thermal conductive module is connected to a pressure source, which is an air pressure source. The air pressure is displayed by a barometer to see if the air pressure can be maintained. If the air pressure can be maintained, it indicates that the product is qualified and the manufacturing process is complete. During the test, the inlet channel 1 was connected to a 0.1 MPa tap water pressure source. An electrically heated heating element was placed tightly against the surface of the thermistor module. A temperature probe was installed on the surface of the thermistor module. When the heating element was energized, and the temperature probe reached approximately 75 degrees Celsius, the low-melting-point alloy composite material pressure element 4 was observed to soften and deform through the outlet channel 2. The plug ball 3 was ejected, and water seeped out, destroying the low-melting-point alloy composite material pressure element 4, resulting in water spraying out. This process took 4-8 ​​seconds. The total weight of the low-melting-point alloy composite material pressure element 4 was approximately 15 grams, of which 5 grams contained indium bismuth tin alloy powder. The cost was approximately 0.93 yuan. Compared to using indium bismuth tin rods as the thermistor, the weight was only one-third of that of rods, reducing costs and reaction time.

[0020] Example of an energy storage power station The upper surface of the battery packs in the energy storage power station is covered with thermally sensitive conductive modules. A water tower is installed at a high point in the power station. Inside the water tower is a liquid level control switch, which is connected to a tap water pipeline. Red pigment is added to the water in the water tower. The water tower is connected to the inlet channel 1 of the thermally sensitive conductive modules on the upper surface of each battery pack through pipelines. The water pressure is 0.1MPa. The outlet channel 2 is connected to a nozzle. The nozzle outlet is directly facing the corresponding battery pack. When a battery pack experiences thermal collapse, the thermally sensitive conductive module can promptly open the water path and use the water stored in the water tower for cooling and fire suppression.

[0021] Example of an electric two-wheeled vehicle The cavity is welded and sealed with stainless steel plates. A valve is located on the side of the cavity, through which sodium bicarbonate powder is injected. The thickness of the cavity is the same as that of the thermal conductive module. A copper outlet tube is located on the lower side of the cavity, connecting to the inlet channel 1 of the thermal conductive module. The cavity and the thermal conductive module are positioned between two adjacent batteries. An outlet channel 2 connects to a plastic tube, the outlet of which is directed towards the lower side of the two-wheeled vehicle. Air pressure is injected through the valve of the cavity, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 MPa. When the two-wheeled vehicle's battery overheats abnormally, the thermal conductive module activates, spraying white dry powder next to the vehicle to alert nearby people to move their belongings. A whistle can also be connected to the outlet of the plastic tube to emit a sound through airflow for warning purposes.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of large-scale battery high temperature, characterized in that: A thermal conductive module is attached to the surface of the battery. The thermal conductive module includes an inlet channel (1), an outlet channel (2), a plug ball (3), a low-melting-point alloy composite material pressure plate (4), a pressure screw (5), and structural components (6). The inlet channel (1) of the thermal conductive module is connected to a pressure source through a pipe or channel. The medium in the pressure source is a pressurized liquid or gas, and the pressure source contains a substance that can attract human sensory attention. The outlet channel (2) of the thermal conductive module is connected to the external environment of the battery through a pipe or channel. The manufacturing method of the sensitive conduction module is as follows: First, the structural component (6) is formed. The structural component (6) is provided with an inlet channel (1), an outlet channel (2), and an installation channel for the top pressure screw (5). Second, the embolized ball (3) is placed into the inlet channel (1) through the outlet channel (2). Third, a low-melting-point alloy mixture is poured in through the outlet channel (2), and then the top pressure screw (5) is screwed in through the installation channel, so that the low-melting-point alloy mixture is squeezed to form the low-melting-point alloy mixture top pressure material. (4) The low-melting-point alloy mixture pressing material (4) presses against the embolized ball (3). Fourth step, the thermal conductive module is placed on the vibration table to shake out the low-melting-point alloy mixture that has not been squeezed and fixed. Fifth step, the inlet channel (1) of the thermal conductive module is connected to the pressure source. If the pressure can be maintained, it indicates that the product is qualified and the production is completed. The low-melting-point alloy mixture contains low-melting-point alloy powder, metal powder and ceramic powder. The production method of the low-melting-point alloy mixture is as follows: First step, the metal powder and ceramic block are placed in the electric vibrating table. The grinding chamber of the grinding mill is sealed with a cover. The second step is to start the electric grinding mill for grinding. The third step is to take out the powder from the grinding chamber and let it cool to room temperature. Then, it is mixed evenly with the low melting point alloy powder to make a low melting point alloy mixture. The part where the top screw (5) and the low melting point alloy mixture top material (4) contact each other, that is, the tail of the top screw (5), is machined into a concave shape by turning. The concave shape is hemispherical or conical. The diameter of the top screw (5) is 1.5-3 times the diameter of the plug ball (3).

2. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure source includes a water tank, the inlet of which is connected to pressurized tap water, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet channel (1) of the thermal conductive module. The water tank contains a substance that can attract people's sensory attention, namely a dye, and the color of the dye is red, yellow, blue or orange.

3. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure source is a closed metal or plastic cavity filled with sodium bicarbonate or water. A valve is provided on the surface of the cavity to inject air pressure, which ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 MPa. The metal cavity is made of stainless steel or brass, while the plastic cavity is made of polyurethane.

4. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural component (6) of the thermal conduction module is made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy.

5. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embolization ball (3) is made of stainless steel.

6. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the top-pressing screw (5) is red copper or brass.

7. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-melting-point alloy powder in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is indium bismuth tin alloy powder, and the metal powder in the low-melting-point alloy mixture is copper powder, brass powder, or silver powder.

8. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the low-melting-point alloy mixture, the volumetric composition of each material is as follows: indium bismuth tin alloy powder accounts for 20-40% of the volume, metal powder accounts for 20-40% of the volume, and the remainder is ceramic powder.

9. The method for large-scale early warning of battery high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet channel (2) is 3-10 times that of the inlet channel (1).

Images