An automatic seedling throwing device for pot seedlings

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic throwing seedling device of pot seedling, including frame, and multiple moving wheels are arranged below the frame;The device further includes: seedling storage and sending mechanism, is arranged at the top front end of frame;Turnover seedling taking mechanism is arranged on the frame;The seedling taking mechanism of turnover is inlaid with the seedling outlet end of seedling storage and sending mechanism;Receiving and conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame;Throwing seedling mechanism is arranged below the frame and is inlaid with the output end of receiving and conveying mechanism;The seedling taking mechanism of turnover of the present application takes out pot seedling, so that seedling tray can be recycled;And throwing seedling is carried out by throwing seedling mechanism, reduces the movement of frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a rice seedling throwing device, specifically an automated rice seedling throwing device for potted seedlings, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Rice transplanting involves evenly scattering the cultivated rice seedlings (usually seedlings from pots with soil attached) into the paddy field. The advantages of rice transplanting include significant labor savings; its efficiency is 5-8 times that of hand planting, significantly reducing labor intensity and the risk of occupational diseases such as lumbar muscle strain caused by bending over. Simultaneously, transplanting seedlings with soil minimizes root damage, promotes rapid greening and early tillering, thus increasing yield. Furthermore, the short seedling cultivation cycle reduces the time spent in the seedbed, improving land utilization. It is also adaptable to various fields, including hilly areas and small plots, making it a highly efficient and practical simplified cultivation method. Currently, various rice transplanting devices have been developed in the industry. For example, Chinese invention patent CN110972646A discloses a pneumatic orderly rice transplanter and transplanting method suitable for biodegradable seedling trays. Specifically, it discloses a transplanter chassis, seedling box, gearbox, seedling delivery belt, seedling picking component, seedling separating component, blower, distributor, planting and erecting pipe, transplanter power output shaft, and transplanter frame. Rice seedlings in pots are precisely placed onto the seedling box and then conveyed in rows to the seedling picking component via the seedling delivery belt. After being picked up in rows, each row of seedlings is divided into several individual seedlings and then conveyed in rows to the seedling separating component. Under the action of the seedling separating component, the individual seedlings are precisely divided into several rows according to a predetermined row spacing, and then fall into the planting and erecting pipe below each row. Multiple spiral airflows axially pass through the planting and erecting pipe, and the individual seedlings are orderly planted in the paddy field under the action of gravity and spiral airflows, thus completing the cycle. However, when removing seedlings from pots, the seedling trays need to be divided before the operation can be completed, which means that the seedling trays cannot be recycled and reused. At the same time, the device uses a vertical falling method to complete the seedling throwing operation. Due to the limitation of the falling trajectory, the device's movement trajectory needs to be adjusted to adapt to different seedling throwing positions, which is quite inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated seedling throwing device. This invention uses a flipping seedling-retrieving mechanism to remove the seedlings from the pots, allowing the seedling trays to be reused; and uses a throwing mechanism to throw the seedlings, reducing the movement of the vehicle frame.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention: an automated seedling transplanting device, comprising a frame with multiple casters underneath; the device further comprises: A seedling storage and delivery mechanism is located at the upper front end of the vehicle frame; multiple seedling trays are placed on the seedling storage and delivery mechanism; the seedling storage and delivery mechanism is used to store seedling trays and to output seedling trays in an orderly manner. A flipping seedling picking mechanism is mounted on the vehicle frame; the seedling inlet of the flipping seedling picking mechanism is connected to the seedling outlet of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism; the flipping seedling picking mechanism is used to receive the seedling trays output by the seedling storage and delivery mechanism and flip the seedling trays 180° so that the potted seedlings are separated from the seedling trays due to gravity. A receiving and conveying mechanism is mounted on the vehicle frame; the receiving and conveying mechanism is located below the flipping seedling picking mechanism; the receiving and conveying mechanism is used to catch the potted seedlings falling from the flipping seedling picking mechanism and output them; The seedling throwing mechanism is located below the vehicle frame and connected to the output end of the receiving and conveying mechanism; the seedling throwing mechanism is used to receive the potted seedlings output by the receiving and conveying mechanism and throw the potted seedlings out.

[0005] The above-mentioned automated seedling transplanting device includes a seedling storage and delivery mechanism comprising a first mounting frame mounted on a vehicle frame. Multiple rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first mounting frame. Sprockets are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shafts. A chain is provided between the sprockets on the same side, and multiple support plates are provided on the chain. A first cylinder is provided at the lower rear end of the first mounting frame. The output end of the first cylinder extends forward and is provided with a push plate.

[0006] In the aforementioned automated seedling transplanting device, a first motor is provided at the front of the upper end of the first mounting frame, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. The first gear is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft on the same side of the upper part. A second gear is rotatably connected to the first mounting frame, and the second gear meshes with the first gear. A first synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the second gear and coaxially arranged. A second synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft on the other side of the upper part, and the second synchronous pulley is connected to the first synchronous pulley via a synchronous belt.

[0007] The aforementioned automated seedling transplanting device includes a flipping and seedling-picking mechanism comprising a second mounting frame symmetrically arranged on a frame, with connecting cross plates between the two sides of the second mounting frame; a first rotating wheel symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower end of the second mounting frame; a second rotating wheel rotatably connected to the upper end of the second mounting frame; a rotating ring between the second rotating wheel and the first rotating wheel; mounting blocks symmetrically arranged between the rotating rings; a first conveyor belt symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the mounting block; and a conveying cavity formed by the gap between the first conveyor belts; protrusions on both sides of the seedling tray, which cooperate with the conveying cavity; a second motor on one side of the second mounting frame, with the output end of the second motor connected to the shaft of the first rotating wheel on one side via a synchronous belt.

[0008] In the aforementioned automated seedling transplanting device, multiple second cylinders are provided on the outer side of the connecting horizontal plate, and the output end of the second cylinder passes through the connecting horizontal plate and is connected to a hammering pad; an installation frame is provided between the rear ends of the mounting blocks, and a third cylinder is provided on the installation frame, with the output end of the third cylinder passing downward through the installation frame and connected to a limit plate; a fourth cylinder is provided on the outer side of one side of the connecting horizontal plate, and the output end of the fourth cylinder passes through the connecting horizontal plate and is connected to a horizontal plate.

[0009] The aforementioned automated seedling throwing device includes a throwing mechanism comprising fans symmetrically arranged below the receiving and conveying mechanism. The blowing end of the fans is connected to multiple Z-shaped air ducts, and the outer ends of the air ducts are fixedly connected to the frame. The air ducts are provided with feeding inlets, which are connected to the output end of the receiving and conveying mechanism.

[0010] The aforementioned automated seedling transplanting device includes a receiving and conveying mechanism comprising a receiving frame located below the flipping seedling taking mechanism and multiple V-shaped guide plates fixedly connected to the frame; a second conveyor belt is provided on the receiving frame, and multiple third conveyor belts are connected to the conveying end of the second conveyor belt, with baffles provided on both sides of the third conveyor belts; the conveying end of the third conveyor belt extends into the feeding inlet; and the V-shaped guide plates are located between adjacent third conveyor belts.

[0011] The aforementioned automated seedling transplanting device has a collection frame at the rear end of the frame, a first vertical rod at the front end of the collection frame, and a guide plate at the upper end of the first vertical rod; a second vertical rod is provided on the left, right and rear sides of the collection frame, and the length of the second vertical rod is longer than the length of the first vertical rod; a vibrator is provided on the bottom plate of the collection frame.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, before operation, multiple seedling trays are placed into a seedling storage and delivery mechanism located at the front end of the frame. During operation, the seedling storage and delivery mechanism transports the seedling trays systematically to a flipping seedling retrieval mechanism connected to its output end. After receiving the seedling trays from the seedling storage and delivery mechanism, the flipping seedling retrieval mechanism rotates the trays 180°. During this process, the seedlings in the pots separate from the seedling trays due to gravity and fall downwards. These fallen seedlings fall into a receiving and conveying mechanism located between the flipping seedling retrieval mechanism and the seedling throwing mechanism. The receiving and conveying mechanism catches the seedlings and transports them to the seedling throwing mechanism located below the frame, where the seedling throwing mechanism finally completes the seedling throwing operation. Thus, this invention achieves the recycling of seedling trays after the seedlings are removed and reduces the movement of the frame, thus improving seedling throwing efficiency.

[0013] 2. In the seedling storage and delivery mechanism of the present invention, the trays on both sides of the first mounting frame, which are on the same horizontal plane, together form a bearing surface to stably support the seedling tray. When the seedling tray needs to be delivered, the first motor starts, and its output end drives the fixedly connected first gear to rotate. Since the first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft on the same side of the upper part, the rotating shaft rotates synchronously with the first gear. At the same time, the second gear meshing with the first gear rotates synchronously, and the first synchronous wheel fixed on the coaxially on the second gear rotates accordingly. Through the synchronous belt transmission, it drives the second synchronous wheel on the rotating shaft on the other side of the upper part, so that the rotating shaft on that side rotates synchronously. Finally, the synchronous rotation of the rotating shafts and sprockets on both sides is achieved, thereby driving the chains on both sides to move synchronously. This causes the trays on the chains to carry the seedling tray vertically downward and move smoothly until the seedling tray is delivered above the first cylinder. At this time, the first cylinder at the lower rear end of the first mounting frame retracts, and the push plate at its output end moves synchronously, pushing the seedling tray at this position forward, so that it is delivered from the output end of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism and into the entry end of the flipping seedling retrieval mechanism, completing the orderly delivery of the seedling tray. Thus, this invention achieves the effect of automated and orderly output of seedling trays, and has the advantage of high automation.

[0014] 3. In the seedling flipping mechanism of the present invention, during seedling tray transport, the conveying chambers between the first conveyor belts on both sides of the seedling tray engage, and the first conveyor belts drive the seedling tray to move into the mechanism through friction. At this time, the third cylinder extends until the limiting plate blocks the travel path of the seedling tray; the seedling tray continues to move until it contacts the limiting plate, thus reaching the preset flipping positioning position. Then, the second motor starts, and its output end is connected to the shaft of the first rotating wheel on one side through a synchronous belt drive, driving the first rotating wheel to rotate; since a rotating ring is sleeved between the first rotating wheel and the upper second rotating wheel, the rotational driving force of the first rotating wheel is transmitted to the rotating ring, causing the rotating ring to rotate along the circular trajectory formed by the first rotating wheel and the second rotating wheel. At the same time, the rotating rings on both sides are synchronously linked through a connecting horizontal plate to ensure the consistency of the rotation action. When the rotating ring drives the seedling tray to rotate 90°, the fourth cylinder starts, its output end passing through the connecting horizontal plate to push the horizontal plate inward, forming a rotation limit fulcrum. The rotating ring continues to rotate until it contacts the horizontal plate, at which point the rotating ring has just completed a 180° rotation, the seedling tray opening faces downward, and some seedlings fall naturally from the seedling tray under gravity. To ensure that the seedlings are completely detached, the second cylinder reciprocates, driving the hammer pad to periodically strike the side of the seedling tray, using vibration to separate the seedlings that have not fallen naturally from the seedling tray, completely completing the seedling removal operation. After the seedlings are removed, the third cylinder retracts, driving the limit plate to move upward and away from the seedling tray's travel path; the first conveyor belt starts again, transporting the empty seedling tray to the outside of the mechanism, realizing the automatic discharge of the seedling tray. Throughout the process, all components work together, through precise mechanical transmission and pneumatic control, to achieve stable delivery, precise rotation, efficient seedling removal, and empty tray discharge of the seedling tray, ensuring the automation and reliability of the rotation and seedling removal process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping seedling-taking mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the flipping seedling-retrieving mechanism; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the seedling throwing mechanism and the receiving and conveying mechanism; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the air duct and the third conveyor belt; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism.

[0016] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-frame, 2-seedling storage and delivery mechanism, 3-tilting and seedling picking mechanism, 4-throwing mechanism, 5-receiving and conveying mechanism, 6-seedling tray, 7-collecting rack, 8-first vertical rod, 9-guide plate, 10-second vertical rod, 11-moving wheel, 12-vibrator, 200-first mounting frame, 201-rotating shaft, 202-sprocket, 203-chain, 204-pallet, 205-first cylinder, 206-push plate, 207-first motor, 208-first gear, 209-second gear, 210-first synchronous pulley, 211-second synchronous pulley, 300-the... Two mounting brackets, 301-connecting horizontal plate, 302-first rotating wheel, 303-second rotating wheel, 304-rotating ring, 305-mounting block, 306-first conveyor belt, 307-conveying chamber, 308-protruding strip, 309-second motor, 310-second cylinder, 311-hammering pad, 312-mounting frame, 313-third cylinder, 314-limiting plate, 315-fourth cylinder, 316-horizontal plate, 40-fan, 41-air duct, 42-feed inlet, 50-receiving frame, 51-V-shaped guide plate, 52-second conveyor belt, 53-third conveyor belt, 54-baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] Example: An automated seedling transplanting device, the structure of which is as follows Figure 1-8As shown, the device includes a frame 1, which is welded from Q235 steel plate, providing high overall rigidity and stable support for the weight of various components. Multiple casters 11 are located beneath the frame 1. These casters are made of high-elasticity rubber with anti-slip treads, suitable for movement on paddy field ridges or flat roads, reducing bumps. The device also includes: A seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2 is located at the upper front end of the frame 1; multiple seedling trays 6 are placed on the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2; the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2 is used to store the seedling trays 6 and to output the seedling trays 6 in an orderly manner; for example Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown, the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2 includes a first mounting frame 200 mounted on the frame 1. The first mounting frame 200 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy profiles, which is lightweight and has a strong load-bearing capacity. Multiple rotating shafts 201 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first mounting frame 200. The rotating shafts 201 are made of 45 steel with heat treatment and chrome plating for rust prevention. Both ends are connected and fixed with sprockets 202 by keys. The sprockets 202 are made of 40Cr steel and have a tooth surface hardness of HRC50-55 after quenching treatment, which has excellent wear resistance. A chain 203 is sleeved between the sprockets 202 on the same side. The chain 203 is an industrial-grade roller chain that can bear the weight of the seedling tray 6 and provide stable transmission. A tray 204 is fixed every 15cm on the chain 203. The tray 204 is made of PP plastic injection molding and has an anti-slip texture on the surface. The first mounting bracket 200 has a first cylinder 205 at its lower rear end. The output end of the first cylinder 205 extends forward and is fixed with a push plate 206 by bolts. The push plate 206 is made of nylon to avoid scratching the seedling tray 6 when pushing. A first motor 207 is provided at the upper front of the first mounting bracket 200. The first motor 207 is a servo motor, which can realize fine adjustment of the transmission speed of the chain 203. The output end of the first motor 207 is fixedly connected to a first gear 208 through a coupling. The first gear 208 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 201 on the same side of the upper part through a flat key. A second gear 209 is rotatably connected to the first mounting bracket 200 through a bearing. The second gear 209 and the first gear 208 are both spur gears, which mesh with each other to realize reverse transmission. A first synchronous pulley 210 is fixed to the second gear 209 through a set screw. The first synchronous pulley 210 is made of polyurethane and has a trapezoidal tooth shape. A second synchronous pulley 211 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 201 on the other side of the upper part. The second synchronous pulley 211 has the same specifications as the first synchronous pulley 210. The two are connected by a synchronous belt to realize synchronous power transmission. The pallets 204 on the chains 203 on both sides of the first mounting frame 200, which are at the same horizontal plane, together form a horizontal bearing surface. The anti-slip texture of the pallets 204 increases the friction with the seedling tray 6, thus stably supporting the seedling tray 6.When the seedling tray 6 needs to be transported, the first motor 207 starts, and its output end drives the fixedly connected first gear 208 to rotate. Since the first gear 208 is fixedly connected to the upper rotating shaft 201 on the same side, the rotating shaft 201 rotates synchronously with the first gear 208, driving the sprocket 202 and chain 203 on the same side to move. At the same time, the second gear 209 meshing with the first gear 208 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction, and the first synchronous wheel 210 fixed on the coaxially on the second gear 209 rotates accordingly. Through the friction of the synchronous belt, the second synchronous wheel 211 on the upper rotating shaft 201 on the other side rotates, so that the rotating shaft 201 and sprocket 202 on that side move synchronously. Finally, the synchronous rotation of the rotating shafts 201 and sprockets 202 on both sides is achieved, ensuring that the movement speed of the chains 203 on both sides is consistent. This drives the tray 204 on the chain 203 to carry the seedling tray 6 and move it smoothly downward in the vertical direction until the seedling tray 6 is transferred to the preset position above the first cylinder 205. At this time, the first cylinder 205 at the rear end of the first mounting frame 200 is ventilated and retracted, and the push plate 206 at its output end moves forward in sync. The push plate 206 contacts the side of the seedling tray 6 and applies a horizontal thrust, pushing the seedling tray 6 at this position forward to the output end of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2. Then the seedling tray 6 slides into the entry end of the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3, completing the orderly delivery of the seedling tray 6. The whole process achieves automation and precision in the delivery of the seedling tray 6 through the coordination of mechanical transmission and pneumatic control.

[0019] A flipping seedling-retrieving mechanism 3 is mounted on the frame 1; the seedling inlet of the flipping seedling-retrieving mechanism 3 is connected to the seedling outlet of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2; the flipping seedling-retrieving mechanism 3 is used to receive the seedling tray 6 output by the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2, and flips the seedling tray 6 180° so that the potted seedlings separate from the seedling tray 6 due to gravity, avoiding damage to the root system of the potted seedlings by mechanical seedling removal; Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the flipping seedling-taking mechanism 3 includes a second mounting frame 300 symmetrically arranged on the frame 1. The second mounting frame 300 is welded from steel plates, resulting in a strong structural rigidity. Connecting horizontal plates 301 are welded between the two sides of the second mounting frame 300. The connecting horizontal plates 301 are rectangular steel plates used to mount pneumatic components. A first rotating wheel 302 is symmetrically connected to the lower end of the second mounting frame 300 via bearings. The first rotating wheel 302 is made of cast iron, and its surface is ground to ensure roundness. A second rotating wheel 303 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the second mounting frame 300 via bearings. The second rotating wheel 303 has the same specifications as the first rotating wheel 302, and a rotating ring 304 is fitted between them. The second rotating wheel 303 and the first rotating wheel 302 are located on both sides of... Each component is equipped with a convex disc to prevent the rotating ring 304 from detaching during rotation. Mounting blocks 305, made of aluminum alloy, are symmetrically welded between the rotating rings 304. First conveyor belts 306 are symmetrically mounted on the inner side of the mounting blocks 305, with a 5cm gap between them forming a conveying cavity 307. The width of the conveying cavity 307 is adapted to the convex strips 308 on both sides of the seedling tray 6. Convex strips 308 are integrally injection molded on both sides of the seedling tray 6, and these strips 308 are fitted with the conveying cavity 307 with a clearance of 0.5mm to ensure that the seedling tray 6 does not deviate during transport. A second motor 309 is bolted to a second mounting bracket 300 on one side. The output end of the second motor 309 is connected to the shaft of a first rotating wheel 302 on one side via a synchronous belt to achieve power transmission. Multiple second cylinders 310 are evenly installed on the outer side of the connecting horizontal plate 301. The output end of the second cylinder 310 passes through the connecting horizontal plate 301 and is connected to a hammering pad 311 by threads. The hammering pad 311 is made of silicone with a hardness of 50 Shore A to prevent damage to the seedling tray 6 during hammering. An installation frame 312 is welded between the rear ends of the mounting blocks 305. A third cylinder 313 is fixed to the upper surface by bolts to control the lifting and lowering of the limiting plate 314. The output end of the third cylinder 313 passes downward through the installation frame 312 and is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 314. The limiting plate 314 is made of PVC board with a smooth surface to block the movement of the seedling tray 6 and position it. A fourth cylinder 315 is installed on the outer side of the connecting horizontal plate 301 on one side. The output end of the fourth cylinder 315 passes through the connecting horizontal plate 301 and is fixedly connected to a horizontal plate 316. The horizontal plate 316 is made of steel plate to limit the rotation angle of the rotating ring 304. When the seedling tray 6 is being transported, the protrusions 308 on both sides of the seedling tray 6 are embedded in the conveying cavity 307 between the first conveyor belt 306. The first conveyor belt 306 is powered on and rotates. The friction between the surface of the first conveyor belt 306 and the protrusions 308 drives the seedling tray 6 to move into the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3.At this time, the third cylinder 313 extends and is vented, and its output end drives the limiting plate 314 to move downward until the lower end of the limiting plate 314 is flush with the upper surface of the seedling tray 6 and blocks the path of the seedling tray 6. The seedling tray 6 continues to move until it touches the side of the limiting plate 314. At this time, the seedling tray 6 just reaches the preset flipping positioning position, and the third cylinder 313 remains extended to achieve the positioning of the seedling tray 6. Then the second motor 309 is powered on and started. Its output end transmits power to the shaft of the first rotating wheel 302 on one side through the synchronous belt, causing the first rotating wheel 302 to rotate around its own axis. Since a rotating ring 304 is sleeved between the first rotating wheel 302 and the upper second rotating wheel 303, the rotation driving force of the first rotating wheel 302 is transmitted to the rotating ring 304 through friction, causing the rotating ring 304 to rotate along the circular trajectory formed by the first rotating wheel 302 and the second rotating wheel 303. At the same time, the rotating rings 304 on both sides are synchronously linked through the connecting horizontal plate 301 to ensure that the rotation action on both sides is consistent and to prevent the seedling tray 6 from tilting when flipping. When the rotating ring 304 rotates the seedling tray 6 to 90°, the fourth cylinder 315 extends and pushes the horizontal plate 316 inward to the rotation trajectory of the mounting block 305. The rotating ring 304 continues to rotate until the mounting block 305 contacts the horizontal plate 316. At this point, the rotating ring 304 has just completed a 180° rotation, and the opening of the seedling tray 6 faces downward. Some seedlings fall naturally from the seedling groove of the seedling tray 6 under the action of gravity. To ensure that the seedlings are completely removed from the seedling tray 6 and to avoid residue due to seedling adhesion, the second cylinder 310 is energized to perform a reciprocating extension and retraction action, which drives the hammer pad 311 to periodically tap the side of the seedling tray 6. The slight vibration separates the seedlings that have not fallen naturally from the seedling tray 6, thus completely completing the seedling removal operation. After the seedlings are taken out, the third cylinder 313 is ventilated and retracted, which drives the limit plate 314 to move upward and away from the path of the seedling tray 6; the first conveyor belt 306 is powered on again and transports the empty seedling tray 6 to the outside of the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3, so as to realize the automatic discharge of the empty seedling tray 6 for subsequent recycling and reuse.

[0020] A receiving and conveying mechanism 5 is mounted on the frame 1; the receiving and conveying mechanism 5 is located below the flipping seedling-picking mechanism 3; the receiving and conveying mechanism 5 is used to catch the potted seedlings falling from the flipping seedling-picking mechanism 3 and output them; as shown Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the device includes a receiving frame 50 positioned below the flipping seedling-receiving mechanism 3 and multiple V-shaped guide plates 51 welded and fixed to the frame 1. The receiving frame 50 is a rectangular metal frame made of 304 stainless steel, with a second conveyor belt 52 installed on its inner bottom. The V-shaped guide plates 51 are made of aluminum alloy profiles with a smooth and wear-resistant surface after anodizing. The V-shaped guide plates 51 are located above the output end of the second conveyor belt 52, with a 2mm gap between them to prevent interference between the conveyor belt and the guide plate during movement. Multiple third conveyor belts 53 are connected to the end of the second conveyor belt 52 via a transition plate, the number corresponding to the number of air duct 41 inlets 42. Baffles 54 are welded to both sides of the third conveyor belts 53. The baffles 54 are thin steel plates to prevent the seedlings from falling off the sides during transport. Figure 7 As shown, the conveying end of the third conveyor belt 53 extends into the inlet 42 of the air duct 41, ensuring that the seedlings smoothly enter the air duct 41. The V-shaped guide plate 51 is located between adjacent third conveyor belts 53 and is used to divert the seedlings on the second conveyor belt 52 to different third conveyor belts 53. When the seedlings are taken out by the flipping seedling picking mechanism 3 and fall freely onto the second conveyor belt 52, the second conveyor belt 52 is energized and rotates, driving the seedlings to move towards its output end. When the seedlings move to the output end of the second conveyor belt 52, they are diverted by the guidance of the V-shaped guide plate 51, guiding them accurately into the corresponding third conveyor belt 53. The third conveyor belt 53 is energized and rotates, smoothly conveying the seedlings to its end. Since the end of the third conveyor belt 53 extends into the inlet 42 of the air duct 41, the seedlings smoothly enter the inlet 42 under the action of the conveying force, completing the entire process from receiving to conveying the seedlings.

[0021] The seedling throwing mechanism 4 is located below the frame 1 and connected to the output end of the receiving and conveying mechanism 5; the seedling throwing mechanism 4 is used to receive the potted seedlings output by the receiving and conveying mechanism 5 and throw the seedlings out. Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the seedling throwing mechanism 4 includes a centrifugal fan 40 symmetrically arranged below the receiving and conveying mechanism 5, which provides a stable airflow. Multiple Z-shaped air ducts 41 are connected to the outlet of the fan 40 via flanges. Each air duct 41 has a feeding inlet 42, which is a rectangular opening with rounded edges to prevent damage to the seedlings. The feeding inlet 42 connects to the end of the third conveyor belt 53 of the receiving and conveying mechanism 5, ensuring the seedlings smoothly enter the air duct 41. Furthermore, to accommodate different throwing angles, the air duct 41 is designed as a segmented structure: it includes a first rigid pipe section that is rotatably connected to the frame 1 via a hinge, and a second rigid pipe section that is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the fan 40. The first and second rigid pipe sections are connected by a flexible hose section, which can be freely bent. By manually adjusting the tilt angle of the first rigid pipe section, the direction of seedling throwing can be changed, achieving flexible adjustment of the throwing angle. After the blower 40 is powered on, the airflow it generates flows along the inside of the air duct 41, forming a stable pneumatic conveying channel. When the seedlings are fed into the inlet 42 of the air duct 41 by the third conveyor belt 53 of the receiving and conveying mechanism 5, the seedlings move quickly along the inner wall of the air duct 41 under the combined action of the airflow thrust and their own gravity. After being guided by the turning direction of the air duct 41, they are thrown out of the outlet of the air duct 41 at a preset angle into the paddy field.

[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a collection frame 7 is bolted to the rear end of the frame 1. The collection frame 7 is a rectangular metal frame made of Q235 steel, used to collect empty seedling trays 6 discharged by the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3. A first vertical rod 8 is welded to the front end of the collection frame 7. The first vertical rod 8 is made of round steel, and a guide plate 9 is bolted to the upper end. The guide plate 9 has a smooth surface and is used to prevent the first vertical rod 8 from getting stuck in the seedling trough of the seedling tray 6 and to guide the empty seedling tray 6 to enter the collection frame 7 smoothly. Second vertical rods 10 are welded to the left, right and rear sides of the collection frame 7, respectively. The second vertical rods 10 are made of the same material as the first vertical rod 8 and are 15cm longer than the first vertical rod 8, forming a protective barrier around the collection frame 7 to prevent the empty seedling trays 6 from falling during collection. A vibrator 12 is bolted to the bottom plate of the collection frame 7. The vibrator 12 is a miniature eccentric vibrator that can produce slight vibration. After the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3 completes the seedling taking, the empty seedling tray 6 is moved outward under the drive of the first conveyor belt 306. After the empty seedling tray 6 moves out of the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3, it slides into the area between the first vertical rod 8 and the second vertical rod 10 under the guidance of the guide plate 9 and falls into the collection rack 7. At the same time, the vibrator 12 continues to work and generates slight vibration, which drives the bottom plate of the collection rack 7 to vibrate slightly, so that the empty seedling tray 6 that falls in will automatically align and stack under the action of vibration, so as to avoid the empty seedling tray 6 from piling up messily, and facilitate subsequent unified recycling, cleaning and reuse.

[0023] Working principle: I. Seedling Storage and Delivery Stage Multiple seedling trays 6 containing potted seedlings are placed on the support plates 204 of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2. The support plates 204 on the same horizontal plane of the chains 203 on both sides form a bearing surface to stably support the seedling trays 6. The first motor 207 is started, and its output end drives the first gear 208 to rotate. Through gear meshing, the second gear 209 is driven to rotate synchronously. The first synchronous pulley 210 on the second gear 209 drives the second synchronous pulley 211 on the other side of the rotating shaft 201 via a synchronous belt, so that the rotating shafts 201 and the sprockets 202 on both sides rotate synchronously. This drives the chains 203 to move the support plates 204 carrying the seedling trays 6 vertically downwards smoothly until the seedling trays 6 are moved above the first cylinder 205. At this time, the first cylinder 205 retracts, and the push plate 206 pushes the seedling trays 6 forward, sending the seedling trays 6 from the output end of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism 2 into the entry end of the flipping seedling retrieval mechanism 3, completing the orderly delivery of the seedling trays 6.

[0024] II. Turning and Seedling Removal Stage After the seedling tray 6 enters the flipping and seedling-taking mechanism 3, the protrusions 308 on both sides of the tray 6 are embedded in the conveying cavity 307 between the first conveyor belt 306. The first conveyor belt 306 drives the seedling tray 6 to move into the mechanism through friction. At the same time, the third cylinder 313 extends, and the limiting plate 314 moves down to block the path of the seedling tray 6. The seedling tray 6 moves to a stop and is positioned after contacting the limiting plate 314. The second motor 309 is started, and its output end drives the first rotating wheel 302 to rotate via a synchronous belt. The first rotating wheel 302 drives the rotating ring 304 to rotate along the circular trajectory formed by the first rotating wheel 302 and the second rotating wheel 303 through friction. The two rotating rings 304 on both sides are synchronously linked through the connecting horizontal plate 301. When the rotating ring 304 rotates the seedling tray 6 to 90°, the fourth cylinder 315 extends and pushes the horizontal plate 316 to form a limiting fulcrum. The rotating ring 304 continues to rotate until it contacts the horizontal plate 316, completing a 180° flip. The opening of the seedling tray 6 faces downward, and some seedlings fall naturally due to gravity. Subsequently, the second cylinder 310 reciprocates, driving the hammer pad 311 to periodically strike the side of the seedling tray 6, causing the remaining seedlings to completely detach from the seedling tray 6 through vibration. After the seedlings are removed, the third cylinder 313 retracts, causing the limiting plate 314 to move upward. The first conveyor belt 306 transports the empty seedling tray 6 to the outside of the mechanism, completing the removal of seedlings and discharge of the empty tray.

[0025] III. Acceptance and Transportation Stage The seedlings dropped from the flipping seedling-receiving mechanism 3 fall into the receiving frame 50 of the lower receiving and conveying mechanism 5, and land on the second conveyor belt 52. The operation of the second conveyor belt 52 moves the seedlings towards the V-shaped guide plate. After being guided by the V-shaped guide plate, the seedlings accurately enter the third conveyor belt 53. The third conveyor belt 53 continues to operate, transporting the seedlings to its end. Since the end of the third conveyor belt 53 is connected to the inlet 42 of the air duct 41 of the seedling throwing mechanism 4, the seedlings smoothly enter the inlet 42, completing the receiving and conveying of the seedlings.

[0026] IV. Rice transplanting stage The blower 40 of the rice transplanting mechanism 4 is started, continuously supplying airflow into the air duct 41. The seedlings in the pots that enter the inlet 42 move along the inner wall of the air duct 41 under the thrust of the airflow. If the transplanting angle needs to be adjusted, the first rigid part of the air duct 41 can be rotated so that the seedlings are thrown out of the outlet of the air duct 41 into the paddy field at a preset angle, thus realizing automated rice transplanting.

[0027] V. Empty seedling tray recycling stage The empty seedling trays 6 discharged by the flipping seedling taking mechanism 3 move outward under the drive of the first conveyor belt 306. After leaving the mechanism, they are guided by the guide plate 9 at the front end of the collection rack 7 and slide into the collection rack 7. The vibrator 12 on the bottom plate of the collection rack 7 continuously generates slight vibration, so that the empty seedling trays 6 are automatically aligned and stacked under the action of vibration, which is convenient for subsequent recycling and reuse.

Claims

1. An automated seedling transplanting device, comprising a frame (1) with multiple casters (11) below the frame (1); characterized in that: The device also includes: A seedling storage and delivery mechanism (2) is set at the front end of the upper part of the frame (1); multiple seedling trays (6) are placed on the seedling storage and delivery mechanism (2); the seedling storage and delivery mechanism (2) is used to store the seedling trays (6) and to output the seedling trays (6) in an orderly manner; A flipping seedling taking mechanism (3) is set on the frame (1); the seedling inlet of the flipping seedling taking mechanism (3) is connected to the seedling outlet of the seedling storage and delivery mechanism (2); the flipping seedling taking mechanism (3) is used to receive the seedling tray (6) output by the seedling storage and delivery mechanism (2) and flip the seedling tray (6) 180° so that the seedlings in the pot are separated from the seedling tray (6) due to gravity; The receiving and conveying mechanism (5) is set on the frame (1); the receiving and conveying mechanism (5) is located below the flipping seedling taking mechanism (3); the receiving and conveying mechanism (5) is used to catch the potted seedlings falling from the flipping seedling taking mechanism (3) and output them; The seedling throwing mechanism (4) is located below the frame (1) and connected to the output end of the receiving and conveying mechanism (5); the seedling throwing mechanism (4) is used to receive the seedlings from the receiving and conveying mechanism (5) and throw them out. The flipping seedling-taking mechanism (3) includes a second mounting frame (300) symmetrically arranged on the frame (1), with connecting cross plates (301) between the two sides of the second mounting frame (300); first rotating wheels (302) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower end of the second mounting frame (300); a second rotating wheel (303) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the second mounting frame (300), and a rotating ring (304) is provided between the second rotating wheel (303) and the first rotating wheel (302), and the rotating ring (304) is... A mounting block (305) is symmetrically arranged between the mounting blocks (305), and a first conveyor belt (306) is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the mounting block (305). The gap between the first conveyor belts (306) forms a conveying cavity (307). The seedling tray (6) is provided with protrusions (308) on both sides, and the protrusions (308) cooperate with the conveying cavity (307). A second motor (309) is provided on a second mounting frame (300) on one side. The output end of the second motor (309) is connected to the shaft of the first rotating wheel (302) on one side via a synchronous belt.

2. The automated seedling transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling storage and delivery mechanism (2) includes a first mounting frame (200) mounted on the frame (1). Multiple rotating shafts (201) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first mounting frame (200). Sprockets (202) are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shafts (201). A chain (203) is provided between the sprockets (202) on the same side. Multiple trays (204) are provided on the chain (203). A first cylinder (205) is provided at the lower rear end of the first mounting frame (200). The output end of the first cylinder (205) extends forward and is provided with a push plate (206).

3. The automated seedling transplanting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first motor (207) is provided at the front of the upper end of the first mounting bracket (200). A first gear (208) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (207). The first gear (208) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (201) on the same side of the upper part. A second gear (209) is rotatably connected to the first mounting bracket (200). The second gear (209) meshes with the first gear (208). A first synchronous pulley (210) is fixedly connected to the second gear (209) on the same axis. A second synchronous pulley (211) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (201) on the other side of the upper part. The second synchronous pulley (211) is connected to the first synchronous pulley (210) via a synchronous belt.

4. The automated seedling transplanting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple second cylinders (310) are provided on the outer side of the connecting horizontal plate (301), and the output end of the second cylinder (310) passes through the connecting horizontal plate (301) and is connected to a hammering pad (311); an installation frame (312) is provided between the rear ends of the mounting blocks (305), and a third cylinder (313) is provided on the installation frame (312), and the output end of the third cylinder (313) passes downward through the installation frame (312) and is connected to a limit plate (314); a fourth cylinder (315) is provided on the outer side of the connecting horizontal plate (301) on one side, and the output end of the fourth cylinder (315) passes through the connecting horizontal plate (301) and is connected to a horizontal plate (316).

5. The automated seedling transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling throwing mechanism (4) includes a fan (40) symmetrically arranged below the receiving and conveying mechanism (5). The blowing end of the fan (40) is connected to a plurality of Z-shaped air pipes (41). The outer end of the air pipes (41) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). The air pipes (41) are provided with a feeding inlet (42), which is connected to the output end of the receiving and conveying mechanism (5).

6. The automated seedling transplanting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The receiving and conveying mechanism (5) includes a receiving frame (50) set below the flipping seedling taking mechanism (3) and multiple V-shaped guide plates (51) fixedly connected to the frame (1); the receiving frame (50) is provided with a second conveyor belt (52), and multiple third conveyor belts (53) are connected to the conveying end of the second conveyor belt (52). Baffles (54) are provided on both sides of the third conveyor belt (53); the conveying end of the third conveyor belt (53) extends into the feeding inlet (42); the V-shaped guide plates (51) are located between adjacent third conveyor belts (53).

7. The automated seedling transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the frame (1) is provided with a collection rack (7), the front end of the collection rack (7) is provided with a first vertical rod (8), and the upper end of the first vertical rod (8) is provided with a guide plate (9); the left, right and rear sides of the collection rack (7) are respectively provided with a second vertical rod (10), the length of the second vertical rod (10) is longer than the length of the first vertical rod (8); the bottom plate of the collection rack (7) is provided with a vibrator (12).

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