Coal mine crusher structure and assembly detection method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of crushers and discloses a coal mine crusher structure and an assembling and detecting method thereof, which comprises a main shaft, a crushing hammer body, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first bearing assembly and a second bearing assembly, the crushing hammer body is installed on the main shaft; the first bearing assembly comprises a first bearing seat and a first bearing body, the first bearing seat is installed on the first side plate, the first bearing body is arranged in the first bearing seat, and one end of the main shaft is connected with the first bearing body; one end of the first bearing seat is fixedly provided with a first end cover, the first end cover and a first blocking edge of the first bearing seat are respectively axially limited with the first bearing body; the second bearing assembly comprises a second bearing seat and a second bearing body, the second bearing seat is installed on the second side plate, the second bearing body is arranged in the second bearing seat, and the other end of the main shaft is connected with the second bearing body; one end of the second bearing seat is fixedly provided with a second end cover, the second end cover and a second blocking edge of the second bearing seat are respectively gap matched with the second bearing body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crusher technology, and in particular to a structure for a coal mine crusher and its assembly and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine crushers are key equipment in coal production. Their function is to crush raw coal and gangue transported by the roadway transfer machine to a suitable particle size and then transport them to the belt conveyor.

[0003] Existing crushers include a housing and a shaft assembly structure. The shaft assembly structure is assembled onto the crusher housing and drives the hammers to rotate continuously via the main shaft to produce a crushing effect. Specifically, the shaft assembly structure typically uses a top cover for hoisting and two side wedges for clamping and positioning.

[0004] However, during actual crushing operation, the shaft assembly structure is subjected to continuous heavy alternating impact loads and continuously transmits vibrations to the box. The side plates of the box are prone to deformation. The deformation of the side plates will generate additional axial force on the shaft assembly structure, causing the bearings on both sides of the shaft assembly to be subjected to excessive axial force, which in turn leads to the bearings heating up too quickly. Furthermore, the bearings are lubricated with lithium-based grease, which cannot effectively dissipate heat, ultimately causing the seals and bearings of the shaft assembly structure to burn out. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that deformation of the side plate of the housing will generate additional axial force on the shaft assembly structure, causing the bearing to heat up too quickly, and the bearing grease lubrication cannot effectively remove the heat, ultimately causing the seals and bearings of the shaft assembly structure to burn out.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution for the structure of a coal mine crusher: The structure of the coal mine crusher includes a main shaft, a crushing hammer, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first bearing assembly, and a second bearing assembly. The crushing hammer is installed in the middle of the main shaft, and the main shaft is rotatably mounted on the first side plate and the second side plate. The first bearing assembly includes a first bearing housing and a first bearing body. The first bearing housing is mounted on the first side plate, the first bearing body is disposed inside the first bearing housing, and one end of the main shaft is connected to the first bearing body. A first end cap is fixed to one axial end of the first bearing housing, and a first stop is provided at the other axial end of the first bearing housing. The first end cap and the first stop are respectively axially limited and matched with the first bearing body. The second bearing assembly includes a second bearing housing and a second bearing body. The second bearing housing is mounted on the second side plate, and the second bearing body is disposed inside the second bearing housing. The other end of the main shaft is connected to the second bearing body. A second end cap is fixed to one axial end of the second bearing housing, and a second flange is provided at the other axial end of the second bearing housing. The second end cap and the second flange are respectively axially clearance-fitted with the second bearing body.

[0007] Furthermore, the axial clearance between the second end cap, the second stop, and the second bearing body is any size from 4mm to 10mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the axial clearance between the second end cap, the second retaining edge, and the second bearing body is 6 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, a first protruding ring is provided on the side of the first end cap near the first bearing housing. The first protruding ring is inserted into the interior of the first bearing housing. The first protruding ring and the first retaining edge are respectively axially limited and matched with the outer ring of the first bearing body. The second end cap has a second protruding ring on the side near the second bearing housing. The second protruding ring is inserted into the interior of the second bearing housing. The second protruding ring and the second retaining edge are respectively axially clearance-fitted with the outer ring of the second bearing body.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a first maze and a second maze. The first maze is installed on the main shaft and is located near the first bearing seat. The first bearing seat has a first annular platform on the axial end face corresponding to the first stop. The end face of the first maze facing the first bearing seat has a first annular groove. The first annular platform and the first annular groove slide and seal circumferentially. The second labyrinth is installed on the main shaft and is located near the second bearing seat. The second bearing seat has a second annular platform on its axial end face corresponding to the second stop. The end face of the second labyrinth facing the second bearing seat has a second annular groove. The first annular groove and the second annular groove are circumferentially sliding and sealed and axially clearance fitted. One side of the outer ring of the first bearing body is limited and fixed by the first retaining edge, and the other side of the outer ring of the first bearing body is limited and fixed by the first convex ring; the axial gap between one side of the outer ring of the second bearing body and the second retaining edge is 3mm, and the axial gap between one side of the outer ring of the second bearing body and the second convex ring is 3mm.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a withdrawal sleeve and a thrust washer. The withdrawal sleeve is axially inserted between the main shaft and the inner ring of the first bearing body or the inner ring of the second bearing body. The thrust washer is installed on the main shaft and engages with the withdrawal sleeve in an axial stop fit.

[0012] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a technical solution for an assembly and testing method for a coal mine crusher structure: The assembly and testing method for the above-mentioned coal mine crusher structure includes the following steps: S1. Install the first bearing assembly at one end of the spindle. 1.1 First, install the breaker body in the middle of the main shaft, adjust the main shaft to a vertical position, and place it on the assembly platform; 1.2 Remove the first bearing housing and the first bearing body, apply grease to the inside of the first bearing housing and the first bearing body respectively, and then press the first bearing body into the first bearing housing. The depth to which the first bearing body is sunk into the first bearing housing should be reserved to allow space for the installation of the first end cap. 1.3 Place the assembled first bearing housing and first bearing body upright on the assembly platform with their axial direction extending horizontally. Install four displacement sensors on the first bearing body, with the four displacement sensors arranged in a central cross shape about the first bearing body, and record the four initial clearances of the first bearing body respectively. 1.4 The first maze is installed on the first bearing housing, and the first bearing housing, the first bearing body and the first maze form the first bearing assembly; 1.5. Lift the first bearing assembly and install it at one end of the main shaft; 1.6 Install a withdrawal sleeve at one end of the spindle, and press the withdrawal sleeve axially to achieve a pre-tightened state. 1.7 Place the spindle and the first bearing assembly flat on the worktable, keeping the spindle axis horizontal; 1.8 Install a round nut near the first bearing assembly on the spindle. The round nut should fit against the withdrawal sleeve. Use an open-end wrench to adjust the round nut. Measure the real-time clearance of the first bearing body every quarter turn of tightening, while also taking into account the relative position of the anti-reverse pad claw and the round nut slot, until the clearance reduction value detected by the four displacement sensors is any size between 0.08mm and 0.1mm. Fold up the anti-reverse pad claw to fix the round nut. 1.9 Install a first end cap at one axial end of the first bearing housing; S2. Install the second bearing assembly on the other end of the spindle. 2.1 Turn the spindle around and place it vertically on the assembly platform; 2.2 Remove the second bearing housing and the second bearing body. Apply grease to the inside of the second bearing housing and the second bearing body respectively. Then press the second bearing body into the second bearing housing. The depth to which the second bearing body is sunk into the second bearing housing should be reserved to allow space for the installation of the second end cap. 2.3 Place the assembled second bearing housing and second bearing body upright on the assembly platform, with their axial direction extending horizontally. Install four displacement sensors on the second bearing body, with the four displacement sensors distributed in a central cross shape about the second bearing body, and record the four initial clearances of the second bearing body respectively. 2.4. The second maze is installed on the second bearing housing, and the second bearing housing, the second bearing body, and the second maze form the second bearing assembly; 2.5. Lift the second bearing assembly and install it on the other end of the main shaft; 2.6 Install the withdrawal sleeve at the other end of the spindle and press it into the spindle along the axial direction to achieve the pre-tightening state; 2.7 Place the spindle and the second bearing assembly flat on the worktable, keeping the spindle axis horizontal; 2.8 Install a round nut near the second bearing assembly on the spindle. The round nut should fit against the withdrawal sleeve. Use an open-end wrench to adjust the round nut. Measure the real-time clearance of the second bearing body every quarter turn of tightening, while also taking into account the relative position of the anti-rebound pad claw and the round nut slot, until the clearance reduction detected by the four displacement sensors is any value between 0.08mm and 0.1mm. Fold up the anti-rebound pad claw to fix the round nut. 2.9 Install a second end cap at one axial end of the second bearing housing; S3. Hoist the main shaft, the first bearing assembly, and the second bearing assembly to the assembly station. First, install the first bearing housing on the first side plate, and then install the second bearing housing on the second side plate.

[0013] Furthermore, step S3 also includes the following steps: 3.1. Install the two first wedges onto the first side plate and the second side plate respectively with bolts and tighten the bolts; 3.2 Hoist the main shaft into the crusher housing so that the first bearing seat aligns with the power side of the crusher; 3.3 Install a top cover on the upper part of the crusher's housing; 3.4. Pre-embed top bolts in the top cover, install pads and fixing seats according to the crushing requirements, and tighten the top bolts to fix the main shaft; 3.5. Install the second wedge on the first side plate bolt. After the first wedge and the second wedge contact the first bearing seat, tighten the bolt with a torque wrench. The first bearing seat is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first wedge and the second wedge with the two side inclined surfaces of the first bearing seat. The tightening torque is 280 Nm. 3.6. Install the second wedge block on the second side plate bolt. After the first wedge block and the second wedge block contact the second bearing seat, tighten the bolt with a torque wrench. The second bearing seat is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first wedge block, the second wedge block and the two side inclined surfaces of the second bearing seat. The tightening torque is 280 Nm.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S4. Calculate the clamping force of the wedge on the bearing housing. The clamping torque and axial force satisfy the following relationship: F=T / KD*tanθ, where T is the clamping torque of the bolt, K is the torque coefficient, D is the nominal diameter of the bolt, and θ is the angle between the side slope of the first bearing housing or the second bearing housing and the axial end face.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S5. Install temperature sensors at the test motor, the first bearing body, and the second bearing body respectively. Connect the three temperature sensors to the control system through wiring. Connect the control system to the display screen and start the test run to generate a curve of test run time - test run temperature. The control system has a preset maximum temperature alarm line. If the test temperature exceeds the maximum temperature alarm line, an alarm will be triggered automatically. The test is considered successful if the temperature curve change does not exceed ±1℃ within 50 minutes of the test.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention's coal mine crusher structure and its assembly and testing method are as follows: The coal mine crusher structure adopts a design consisting of a main shaft, a crushing hammer, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first bearing assembly, and a second bearing assembly. The crushing hammer is installed in the middle of the main shaft. One end of the main shaft is rotatably connected to the first side plate via the first bearing assembly, and the other end of the main shaft is rotatably connected to the second side plate via the second bearing assembly. The first bearing assembly includes a first bearing housing and a first bearing body. The first bearing body is disposed inside the first bearing housing. The first end cover and the first retaining edge of the first bearing housing respectively provide axial positioning for the first bearing body. The first bearing assembly is arranged corresponding to the power side of the crusher, providing an axial reference position for the main shaft and ensuring the transmission accuracy between the motor belt and the main shaft.

[0017] The second bearing assembly includes a second bearing housing and a second bearing body. The second bearing body is located inside the second bearing housing, and the second end cover and the second retaining edge of the second bearing housing are respectively axially clearance-fitted with the second bearing body. This means the second bearing housing provides axial floating space for the second bearing body. When the side plate deforms under load, this axial clearance can absorb the additional axial force generated by the side plate deformation, avoiding overload and overheating caused by direct axial compression of the bearing body. The two bearing bodies adopt a "one-sided limiting, one-sided floating" assembly method, improving the spindle's adaptability to the deformation of the housing side plate and preventing excessive axial force caused by side plate deformation, thereby avoiding the risk of seal and bearing burnout in the shaft assembly structure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mine crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an axial sectional view of the structure of a coal mine crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the main shaft, the second bearing assembly, and the second end cap according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second bearing housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a test run temperature curve of the assembly and testing method for the structure of a coal mine crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the assembly and testing method for a coal mine crusher structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Main shaft; 10. Hydraulic hammer body; 2. Housing; 21. First end plate; 22. Second end plate; 23. Top cover; 24. First side plate; 25. Second side plate; 3. First bearing assembly; 31. First bearing seat; 311. First retaining edge; 312. First ring platform; 32. First bearing body; 33. First end cover; 331. First convex ring; 34. First labyrinth; 341. First ring groove; 35. Removal sleeve; 36. Thrust pad; 37. First oil seal; 4. Second bearing assembly; 41. Second bearing seat; 411. Second retaining edge; 412. Second ring platform; 413. Side slope; 42. Second bearing body; 43. Second end cover; 431. Second convex ring; 44. Second labyrinth; 441. Second ring groove; 45. Second oil seal; 51. First wedge; 52. Second wedge. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" used to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a coal mine crusher structure, including a main shaft 1, a crushing hammer 10, a first side plate 24, a second side plate 25, a first bearing assembly 3, and a second bearing assembly 4. The crushing hammer 10 is installed in the middle of the main shaft 1, and the main shaft 1 is rotatably mounted on the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25. The first bearing assembly 3 includes a first bearing seat 31 and a first bearing body 32. The first bearing seat 31 is installed on the first side plate 24, and the first bearing body 32 is disposed inside the first bearing seat 31. One end of the main shaft 1 is connected to the first bearing body 32. A first end cap 33 is fixed at one axial end of the first bearing seat 31, and a first retaining edge 311 is provided at the other axial end of the first bearing seat 31. The first end cap 33 and the first retaining edge 311 are respectively axially limited and cooperate with the first bearing body 32.

[0024] The second bearing assembly 4 includes a second bearing housing 41 and a second bearing body 42. The second bearing housing 41 is mounted on the second side plate 25, and the second bearing body 42 is disposed inside the second bearing housing 41. The other end of the main shaft 1 is connected to the second bearing body 42. A second end cap 43 is fixed to one axial end of the second bearing housing 41, and a second flange 411 is provided at the other axial end of the second bearing housing 41. The second end cap 43 and the second flange 411 are respectively axially clearance-fitted with the second bearing body 42.

[0025] The coal mine crusher adopts a design consisting of a main shaft 1, a crushing hammer 10, a first side plate 24, a second side plate 25, a first bearing assembly 3, and a second bearing assembly 4. The crushing hammer 10 is installed in the middle of the main shaft 1. One end of the main shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the first side plate 24 via the first bearing assembly 3, and the other end of the main shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the second side plate 25 via the second bearing assembly 4. The first bearing assembly 3 includes a first bearing seat 31 and a first bearing body 32. The first bearing body 32 is disposed inside the first bearing seat 31. The first end cover 33 and the first retaining edge 311 of the first bearing seat 31 respectively axially limit the first bearing body 32. The first bearing assembly 3 is arranged on the power side of the crusher, providing an axial reference position for the main shaft 1 and ensuring the transmission accuracy between the motor belt and the main shaft 1.

[0026] The second bearing assembly 4 includes a second bearing housing 41 and a second bearing body 42. The second bearing body 42 is disposed inside the second bearing housing 41. The second end cap 43 and the second retaining edge 411 of the second bearing housing 41 are respectively axially clearance fitted with the second bearing body 42. That is, the second bearing housing 41 reserves axial floating space for the second bearing body 42. When the side plate is deformed under load, this axial clearance can absorb the additional axial force generated by the deformation of the side plate, avoiding overload and overheating caused by direct axial compression of the bearing body. The two bearing bodies adopt an assembly method of "one side limiting and one side floating", which improves the adaptability of the main shaft 1 to the deformation of the side plate of the housing 2, prevents the problem of excessive axial force caused by the deformation of the side plate, and thus avoids the risk of burnout of the seals and bearings of the shaft assembly structure.

[0027] It should be noted that both the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25 are provided with receiving grooves to accommodate the first bearing assembly 3 and the second bearing assembly 4. The first bearing seat 31 has a first end plate 21 on the side near the breaker hammer 10, and the second bearing seat 41 has a second end plate 22 on the side near the breaker hammer 10. The first end plate 21 and the second end plate 22 respectively cooperate with the receiving grooves of the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25 to block and cooperate, and can be adjusted synchronously with the main shaft 1 to ensure that the two end plates reliably seal the gap between the main shaft 1 and the receiving groove, thus ensuring effective isolation between the crushing space and the external environment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the axial clearance between the second end cap 43, the second flange 411, and the second bearing body 42 is any size from 4mm to 10mm. Specifically, the axial clearance between the second end cap 43, the second flange 411, and the second bearing body 42 is 6mm. This axial clearance is designed to offset ±3mm of side plate deformation, thereby minimizing the impact of side plate deformation on the axial force load of the bearing body.

[0029] Furthermore, a first protruding ring 331 is provided on the side of the first end cap 33 near the first bearing seat 31. The first protruding ring 331 is inserted into the interior of the first bearing seat 31. The first protruding ring 331 and the first stop 311 are respectively axially limited and matched with the outer ring of the first bearing body 32. A second protruding ring 431 is provided on the side of the second end cap 43 near the second bearing seat 41. The second protruding ring 431 is inserted into the interior of the second bearing seat 41. The second protruding ring 431 and the second stop 411 are respectively axially clearance matched with the outer ring of the second bearing body 42.

[0030] The coal mine crusher structure also includes a first labyrinth 34 and a second labyrinth 44. The first labyrinth 34 is installed on the main shaft 1 and is located near the first bearing seat 31. The first bearing seat 31 has a first annular platform 312 on the axial end face corresponding to the first retaining edge 311. The end face of the first labyrinth 34 facing the first bearing seat 31 has a first annular groove 341. The first annular platform 312 and the first annular groove 341 are circumferentially slidingly sealed. The second labyrinth 44 is installed on the main shaft 1 and is located near the second bearing seat 41. The second bearing seat 41 has a second annular platform 412 on the axial end face corresponding to the second retaining edge 411. The end face of the second labyrinth 44 facing the second bearing seat 41 has a second annular groove 441. The first annular groove 341 and the second annular groove 441 are circumferentially slidingly sealed and axially clearance-fitted.

[0031] The first annular groove 341 of the first labyrinth 34 slides and seals with the first annular platform 312 of the first bearing housing 31. The first labyrinth 34 provides a shielding and protection function for the first bearing body 32, preventing dust and foreign objects from entering the gaps of the first bearing body 32. A first oil seal 37 is also provided between the first labyrinth 34 and the first bearing housing 31 to prevent grease leakage. Similarly, the second annular groove 441 of the second labyrinth 44 slides and seals with the second annular platform 412 of the second bearing housing 41. The second labyrinth 44 provides a shielding and protection function for the second bearing body 42, preventing dust and foreign objects from entering the gaps of the second bearing body 42. A second oil seal 45 is also provided between the second labyrinth 44 and the second bearing housing 41 to prevent grease leakage. Furthermore, one side of the outer ring of the first bearing body 32 is limited and fixed by the first stop 311, and the other side of the outer ring of the first bearing body 32 is limited and fixed by the first convex ring 331; the axial gap between one side of the outer ring of the second bearing body 42 and the second stop 411 is 3mm, and the axial gap between one side of the outer ring of the second bearing body 42 and the second convex ring 431 is 3mm.

[0032] As a further preferred option, the structure of the coal mine crusher also includes a withdrawal sleeve 35 and a thrust washer 36. The withdrawal sleeve 35 is axially inserted between the main shaft 1 and the inner ring of the first bearing body 32 or the inner ring of the second bearing body 42. The thrust washer 36 is installed on the main shaft 1 and engages with the withdrawal sleeve 35 in an axial stop fit. Through the withdrawal sleeve 35 and the thrust washer 36, the first bearing body 32 and the second bearing body 42 can be accurately installed on the main shaft 1, and the bearing clearance can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual installation situation.

[0033] Assembly and testing methods for the above-mentioned coal mine crusher structures, such as Figure 6 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Install the first bearing assembly 3 on one end of the main spindle 1. 1.1 First, install the breaker body 10 in the middle of the main shaft 1, adjust the main shaft 1 to a vertical position and place it on the assembly platform; 1.2 Take out the first bearing seat 31 and the first bearing body 32, apply grease to the inside of the first bearing seat 31 and the first bearing body 32 respectively, and then press the first bearing body 32 into the first bearing seat 31. The depth of the first bearing body 32 into the first bearing seat 31 should be reserved to allow space for the installation of the first end cover 33; 1.3 Place the assembled first bearing housing 31 and first bearing body 32 upright on the assembly platform, with their axial direction extending horizontally; install four displacement sensors on the first bearing body 32, with the four displacement sensors distributed in a central cross shape about the first bearing body 32, and record the four initial clearances of the first bearing body 32 respectively; using displacement sensors can accurately obtain clearance data, reduce measurement errors, and improve efficiency and accuracy.

[0034] 1.4 The first maze 34 is installed on the first bearing housing 31, and the first bearing housing 31, the first bearing body 32 and the first maze 34 form the first bearing assembly 3; 1.5. Lift the first bearing assembly 3 and install it at one end of the main shaft 1; 1.6 Install a withdrawal sleeve 35 at one end of the main shaft 1, and press the withdrawal sleeve 35 into the shaft along the axial direction to achieve a pre-tightened state; 1.7 Place the spindle 1 and the first bearing assembly 3 flat on the worktable, keeping the axis of the spindle 1 horizontal; 1.8 Install a round nut near the first bearing assembly 3 on the spindle 1. The round nut should fit against the withdrawal sleeve 35. Use an open-end wrench to adjust the round nut, measuring the real-time clearance of the first bearing body 32 every quarter turn while also considering the relative position of the anti-rebound pad claw and the round nut slot. Continue until the clearance reduction detected by the four displacement sensors is any value between 0.08mm and 0.1mm. Fold up the anti-rebound pad claw to fix the round nut. The real-time clearance measured at this time reflects the clearance data under actual conditions, ensuring the accuracy of bearing clearance measurement and improving the adaptability to housing deformation from the assembly method.

[0035] 1.9 Install a first end cap 33 at one axial end of the first bearing housing 31; S2. Install the second bearing assembly 4 on the other end of the main spindle 1. 2.1 Turn spindle 1 around and place it vertically on the assembly platform; 2.2 Remove the second bearing housing 41 and the second bearing body 42, apply grease to the inside of the second bearing housing 41 and the second bearing body 42 respectively, and then press the second bearing body 42 into the second bearing housing 41. The depth of the second bearing body 42 into the second bearing housing 41 should be reserved to allow space for the installation of the second end cover 43. 2.3 Place the assembled second bearing housing 41 and second bearing body 42 upright on the assembly platform, with their axial direction extending horizontally; install four displacement sensors on the second bearing body 42, with the four displacement sensors distributed in a central cross shape about the second bearing body 42, and record the four initial clearances of the second bearing body 42 respectively; using displacement sensors can accurately obtain clearance data, reduce measurement errors, and improve efficiency and accuracy.

[0036] 2.4 The second maze 44 is installed on the second bearing housing 41, and the second bearing housing 41, the second bearing body 42 and the second maze 44 form the second bearing assembly 4; 2.5. Lift the second bearing assembly 4 and install it on the other end of the main shaft 1; 2.6 Install the withdrawal sleeve 35 at the other end of the main shaft 1, and press the withdrawal sleeve 35 into the axial direction to achieve the pre-tightening state; 2.7 Place the spindle 1 and the second bearing assembly 4 flat on the worktable, keeping the axis of the spindle 1 horizontal; 2.8 Install a round nut near the second bearing assembly 4 on the main shaft 1. The round nut should fit against the withdrawal sleeve 35. Use an open-end wrench to adjust the round nut, measuring the real-time clearance of the second bearing body 42 every quarter turn while also considering the relative position of the anti-rebound pad claw and the round nut slot. Continue until the clearance reduction detected by the four displacement sensors is any value between 0.08mm and 0.1mm. Fold up the anti-rebound pad claw to fix the round nut. The real-time clearance measured at this time reflects the clearance data under actual conditions, ensuring the accuracy of bearing clearance measurement and improving the adaptability to housing deformation from the assembly method.

[0037] 2.9 Install a second end cap 43 at one axial end of the second bearing housing 41; S3. Hoist the main shaft 1, the first bearing assembly 3 and the second bearing assembly 4 to the assembly station. First, install the first bearing seat 31 into the receiving groove of the first side plate 24, and then install the second bearing seat 41 into the receiving groove of the second side plate 25.

[0038] Step S3 includes the following steps: 3.1. Install the two first wedge blocks 51 onto the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25 respectively with bolts and tighten the bolts; 3.2 Hoist the main shaft 1 into the housing 2 of the crusher, so that the first bearing seat 31 corresponds to the power side of the crusher; 3.3 Install a top cover 23 on the upper part of the crusher housing 2; 3.4. Pre-embed top bolts in the top cover 23, install pads and fixing seats according to the crushing requirements, and tighten the top bolts to fix the main shaft 1; 3.5. Install the second wedge 52 on the first side plate 24 with bolts. After the first wedge 51 and the second wedge 52 contact the first bearing seat 31, tighten the bolts with a torque wrench. The first bearing seat 31 is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first wedge 51, the second wedge 52 and the two side inclined surfaces 413 of the first bearing seat 31. The tightening torque is 280 Nm. 3.6. Install the second wedge 52 on the second side plate 25 with bolts. After the first wedge 51 and the second wedge 52 contact the second bearing seat 41, tighten the bolts with a torque wrench. The first wedge 51 and the second wedge 52 cooperate with the two inclined surfaces 413 of the second bearing seat 41 to clamp and fix the second bearing seat 41. The tightening torque is 280 Nm.

[0039] S4. Calculate the clamping force of the wedge on the bearing housing. The clamping torque and axial force satisfy the following relationship: F ​​= T / KD*tanθ; where T is the clamping torque of the bolt, K is the torque coefficient, D is the nominal diameter of the bolt, and θ is the angle between the side slope 413 of the first bearing housing 31 or the second bearing housing 41 and the axial end face. For example, if the inclination angle of the side slope 413 is θ = 75°, the clamping torque is T = 280 Nm, and the torque coefficient is K = 0.2, the axial force F ≈ 15630 N can be calculated.

[0040] S5. Install temperature sensors at the test motor, the first bearing body 32, and the second bearing body 42 respectively; connect the three temperature sensors to the control system via wiring, connect the control system to the display screen, and start the test run to generate a curve of test run time versus test run temperature; as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the control system has a preset maximum temperature alarm line. If the test temperature exceeds the maximum temperature alarm line, an alarm will be triggered automatically. The test is considered successful if the temperature curve changes by no more than ±1℃ within 50 minutes of the test.

[0041] If the test run temperature exceeds the maximum alarm temperature line, immediately stop the test run and perform the following emergency procedures: 5.1 Disassemble the first wedge block 51 and the second wedge block 52, and remove the main shaft 1 along with the first bearing assembly 3 and the second bearing assembly 4; 5.2 Check whether the width distance L between the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25 exceeds the dimensional tolerance, which is ±1mm. If it exceeds the dimensional tolerance, straighten the first side plate 24 and the second side plate 25 and perform aging treatment to ensure that the width distance L after stabilization is within the range of ±1mm; 5.3 Reinstall the main shaft 1 along with the first bearing assembly 3 and the second bearing assembly 4 on the housing 2, and repeat step S5 until the test run is qualified.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for a coal mine crusher, characterized in that, It includes a main shaft, a breaker hammer body, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first bearing assembly, and a second bearing assembly. The breaker hammer body is installed in the middle of the main shaft, and the main shaft is rotatably mounted on the first side plate and the second side plate. The first bearing assembly includes a first bearing housing and a first bearing body. The first bearing housing is mounted on the first side plate, the first bearing body is disposed inside the first bearing housing, and one end of the main shaft is connected to the first bearing body. A first end cap is fixed to one axial end of the first bearing housing, and a first stop is provided at the other axial end of the first bearing housing. The first end cap and the first stop are respectively axially limited and matched with the first bearing body. The second bearing assembly includes a second bearing housing and a second bearing body. The second bearing housing is mounted on the second side plate, and the second bearing body is disposed inside the second bearing housing. The other end of the main shaft is connected to the second bearing body. A second end cap is fixed to one axial end of the second bearing housing, and a second flange is provided at the other axial end of the second bearing housing. The second end cap and the second flange are respectively axially clearance-fitted with the second bearing body. The first end cap has a first protruding ring on the side near the first bearing housing. The first protruding ring is inserted into the interior of the first bearing housing. The first protruding ring and the first retaining edge are respectively axially limited and matched with the outer ring of the first bearing body. The second end cap has a second protruding ring on the side near the second bearing housing. The second protruding ring is inserted into the interior of the second bearing housing. The second protruding ring and the second retaining edge are respectively axially clearance-fitted with the outer ring of the second bearing body. It also includes a first maze and a second maze. The first maze is installed on the main shaft and is located near the first bearing seat. The first bearing seat has a first annular platform on its axial end face corresponding to the first stop. The end face of the first maze facing the first bearing seat has a first annular groove. The first annular platform and the first annular groove slide and seal circumferentially. The second labyrinth is installed on the main shaft and is located near the second bearing seat. The second bearing seat has a second annular platform on its axial end face corresponding to the second stop. The end face of the second labyrinth facing the second bearing seat has a second annular groove. The first annular groove and the second annular groove are circumferentially sliding and sealed and axially clearance fitted. One side of the outer ring of the first bearing body is limited and fixed by the first retaining edge, and the other side of the outer ring of the first bearing body is limited and fixed by the first convex ring; the axial gap between one side of the outer ring of the second bearing body and the second retaining edge is 3mm, and the axial gap between one side of the outer ring of the second bearing body and the second convex ring is 3mm. It also includes a withdrawal sleeve and a thrust washer. The withdrawal sleeve is axially inserted between the main shaft and the inner ring of the first bearing body or the inner ring of the second bearing body. The thrust washer is installed on the main shaft and engages with the withdrawal sleeve in an axial stop-locking manner.

2. The structure of the coal mine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial clearance between the second end cap, the second retaining edge and the second bearing body is 4mm to 10mm.

3. The structure of the coal mine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial clearance between the second end cap, the second retaining edge and the second bearing body is 6 mm.

4. An assembly and testing method for the structure of a coal mine crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the first bearing assembly at one end of the spindle, specifically including: 1.1 First, install the breaker body in the middle of the main shaft, adjust the main shaft to a vertical position, and place it on the assembly platform; 1.2 Remove the first bearing housing and the first bearing body, apply grease to the inside of the first bearing housing and the first bearing body respectively, and then press the first bearing body into the first bearing housing. The depth to which the first bearing body is sunk into the first bearing housing should be reserved to allow space for the installation of the first end cap. 1.3 Place the assembled first bearing housing and first bearing body upright on the assembly platform with their axial direction extending horizontally. Install four displacement sensors on the first bearing body, with the four displacement sensors arranged in a central cross shape about the first bearing body, and record the four initial clearances of the first bearing body respectively. 1.4 The first maze is installed on the first bearing housing, and the first bearing housing, the first bearing body and the first maze form the first bearing assembly; 1.

5. Lift the first bearing assembly and install it at one end of the main shaft; 1.6 Install a withdrawal sleeve at one end of the spindle, and press the withdrawal sleeve axially to achieve a pre-tightened state. 1.7 Place the spindle and the first bearing assembly flat on the worktable, keeping the spindle axis horizontal; 1.8 Install a round nut near the first bearing assembly on the spindle. The round nut should fit against the withdrawal sleeve. Use an open-end wrench to adjust the round nut. Measure the real-time clearance of the first bearing body every quarter turn while taking into account the relative position of the thrust washer claw and the round nut slot. Continue until the clearance reduction detected by the four displacement sensors is 0.08mm to 0.1mm. Fold up the thrust washer claw to fix the round nut. 1.9 Install a first end cap at one axial end of the first bearing housing; S2. Install a second bearing assembly at the other end of the spindle, specifically including: 2.1 Turn the spindle around and place it vertically on the assembly platform; 2.2 Remove the second bearing housing and the second bearing body. Apply grease to the inside of the second bearing housing and the second bearing body respectively. Then press the second bearing body into the second bearing housing. The depth to which the second bearing body is sunk into the second bearing housing should be reserved to allow space for the installation of the second end cap. 2.3 Place the assembled second bearing housing and second bearing body upright on the assembly platform, with their axial direction extending horizontally. Install four displacement sensors on the second bearing body, with the four displacement sensors distributed in a central cross shape about the second bearing body, and record the four initial clearances of the second bearing body respectively. 2.

4. The second maze is installed on the second bearing housing, and the second bearing housing, the second bearing body, and the second maze form the second bearing assembly; 2.

5. Lift the second bearing assembly and install it on the other end of the main shaft; 2.6 Install the withdrawal sleeve at the other end of the spindle and press it into the spindle along the axial direction to achieve the pre-tightening state; 2.7 Place the spindle and the second bearing assembly flat on the worktable, keeping the spindle axis horizontal; 2.8 Install a round nut near the second bearing assembly on the spindle. The round nut should fit against the withdrawal sleeve. Use an open-end wrench to adjust the round nut. Measure the real-time clearance of the second bearing body every quarter turn while taking into account the relative position of the thrust washer claw and the round nut slot. Continue until the clearance reduction detected by the four displacement sensors is 0.08mm to 0.1mm. Fold up the thrust washer claw to fix the round nut. 2.9 Install a second end cap at one axial end of the second bearing housing; S3. Hoist the main shaft, the first bearing assembly, and the second bearing assembly to the assembly station. First, install the first bearing housing on the first side plate, and then install the second bearing housing on the second side plate.

5. The assembly and testing method for the structure of a coal mine crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S3 also includes the following steps: 3.

1. Install the two first wedges onto the first side plate and the second side plate respectively with bolts and tighten the bolts; 3.2 Hoist the main shaft into the crusher housing so that the first bearing seat aligns with the power side of the crusher; 3.3 Install a top cover on the upper part of the crusher's housing; 3.

4. Pre-embed top bolts in the top cover, install pads and fixing seats according to the crushing requirements, and tighten the top bolts to fix the main shaft; 3.

5. Install the second wedge on the first side plate bolt. After the first wedge and the second wedge contact the first bearing seat, tighten the bolt with a torque wrench. The first bearing seat is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first wedge and the second wedge with the two side inclined surfaces of the first bearing seat. The tightening torque is 280 Nm. 3.

6. Install the second wedge block on the second side plate bolt. After the first wedge block and the second wedge block contact the second bearing seat, tighten the bolt with a torque wrench. The second bearing seat is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the first wedge block, the second wedge block and the two side inclined surfaces of the second bearing seat. The tightening torque is 280 Nm.

6. The assembly and testing method for the structure of a coal mine crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S4. Calculate the clamping force of the wedge on the bearing housing. The clamping torque and axial force satisfy the following relationship: F=[T / (KD)]*tanθ, where T is the clamping torque of the bolt, K is the torque coefficient, D is the nominal diameter of the bolt, and θ is the angle between the side slope of the first bearing housing or the second bearing housing and the axial end face.

7. The assembly and testing method for the structure of a coal mine crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S5. Install temperature sensors at the test motor, the first bearing body, and the second bearing body respectively. Connect the three temperature sensors to the control system through wiring. Connect the control system to the display screen and start the test run to generate a curve of test run time - test run temperature. The control system has a preset maximum temperature alarm line. If the test temperature exceeds the maximum temperature alarm line, an alarm will be triggered automatically. The test is considered successful if the temperature curve change does not exceed ±1℃ within 50 minutes of the test.

Images