Supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element heat fluid generating device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator and method. The device includes an inorganic salt primary removal tank, the outlet of which is connected to a wastewater preheater and an organic material storage tank, respectively. The outlet of the wastewater preheater is divided into three paths: the first path is connected to a multi-element thermal fluid temperature and pressure regulation module, the second path is connected to a reactant mixing valve V3, and the third path is further divided into two paths: one path is connected to a combustion chamber, and the other path is connected to an online inorganic salt removal chamber. The combustion chamber is sequentially connected to the online inorganic salt removal chamber, the reactant preheater, and a cooling component. The thermal fluid outlet of the cooling component is connected to the multi-element thermal fluid temperature and pressure regulation module, and the cooling medium outlet is connected to the wastewater preheater. High-salinity offshore oilfield wastewater is used as fuel. The device utilizes the dissolution and melting characteristics of inorganic salts at different temperatures to regulate the phase state of inorganic salts in different chambers, avoiding problems such as inorganic salt deposition on the walls of the high-temperature combustion chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of supercritical hydrothermal combustion technology, and relates to a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of global crude oil resources, conventional crude oil reserves are gradually being depleted, and heavy oil, which is more difficult to extract, has become the focus of oil resource development.

[0003] Offshore heavy oil extraction primarily relies on steam thermal recovery technology. However, surface steam generators and pipeline systems for heavy oil extraction, which use steam as the heat carrier, require large floor space, making them unsuitable for space-constrained conditions such as offshore oil production platforms. Furthermore, surface steam generators experience significant heat losses, typically including flue gas heat loss (approximately 20%), gas pipeline heat loss (3–20%), and wellbore heat loss (reaching 20% ​​at a well depth of 609.6 m), resulting in low overall thermal efficiency. Traditional surface steam generators primarily use fossil fuels, which produce SO2. x NO x And pollutants such as oily wastewater. If not directly treated and discharged, it will cause environmental pollution, and the cost of steam injection will increase due to the additional treatment of waste. Deep heavy oil reserves mainly exist at depths above 1500m, and steam drive and gravity-assisted steam draining technologies are mainly applied to reservoirs at depths less than 1200m.

[0004] Supercritical hydrothermal combustion-type multi-element thermofluid generation technology is based on supercritical hydrothermal combustion technology. It utilizes supercritical water (T≥374.15℃ and P≥22.12MPa) to simultaneously dissolve organic matter and oxidants, resulting in a "water-fire compatible" hydrothermal combustion reaction. Compared with conventional steam thermal recovery methods, supercritical hydrothermal combustion-type multi-element thermofluid generation technology has the following characteristics: 1) The reaction device has high thermal efficiency, no flue gas heat loss, and can achieve direct intermolecular heat exchange; 2) In the multi-element thermofluid generated by combustion, H2O carries a large amount of heat to heat and reduce the viscosity of heavy oil, while CO2 and other gases dissolve in crude oil, reducing interfacial tension and further enhancing the fluidity of heavy oil, thereby increasing heavy oil production; 3) It has strong fuel adaptability and can directly burn the large amount of oily wastewater present in oil fields, saving fuel costs and eliminating wastewater purification costs; 4) Hydrothermal combustion can be completed within milliseconds, resulting in a compact device structure suitable for environments such as offshore extraction platforms, and even can be placed downhole, breaking through the application depth limitation and achieving increased production of deep heavy oil.

[0005] However, marine oily wastewater generally contains a large amount of inorganic salts, and the large amount of precipitated inorganic salts will cause serious safety problems such as corrosion failure and equipment blockage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator and method, which uses offshore oilfield wastewater as reactant to achieve online removal, depressurization, and discharge of inorganic salts, eliminating the need for wastewater and exhaust gas treatment, reducing the footprint, and making it suitable for space-constrained offshore platforms.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element hot fluid generator, including an inorganic salt primary removal tank. The outlet of the inorganic salt primary removal tank is connected to a wastewater preheater. The outlet of the wastewater preheater is divided into three paths: the first path is connected to a multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module; the second path is connected to a reactant mixing valve V3; and the third path is further divided into two paths: one path is connected to a combustion chamber, and the other path is connected to an online inorganic salt removal chamber. The combustion chamber is sequentially connected to the online inorganic salt removal chamber, the reactant preheater, and a cooling component. The outlet of the cooling component is divided into two paths: the hot fluid outlet is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module, and the cooling medium outlet is connected to a cooling water storage tank through the wastewater preheater.

[0008] Furthermore, the cooling water storage tank is connected to the cooling water high-pressure pump P3, and flows sequentially through the cooling components, wastewater preheater, inorganic salt primary removal tank, organic material storage tank, and pressure reducing valve V8 back to the cooling water storage tank; the inorganic salt primary removal tank mixes oily wastewater from offshore oil fields with chemical reagents for preliminary desalination.

[0009] Furthermore, the outlet of the organic material storage tank is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the reactant preheater, through which the reactant flows into the combustion chamber to undergo a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction. An ignition device is installed on the combustion chamber. The other path is connected to the cooling water storage tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the combustion chamber is connected to the oxidant system via an oxidant high-pressure pump P4; The combustion chamber is equipped with a combustion chamber mixing water regulating valve V4, which is interlocked with the combustion chamber temperature measuring point TIC4. The wastewater inflow is adjusted according to the combustion chamber temperature to keep the combustion chamber at the inorganic salt melting temperature. The outlet pipe of the ignition device is equipped with a reactant temperature measuring point TIC3, and the power of the ignition device is adjusted according to the outlet reactant temperature.

[0011] Furthermore, the inorganic salt online removal chamber is equipped with an inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 and a cleaning unit. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning mechanism and a discharge mechanism. The discharge mechanism is located at the lower end of the cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism is used to remove inorganic salt deposited on the wall surface of the inorganic salt online removal chamber. The discharge mechanism is used to discharge the inorganic salt and high-pressure gas-water mixture in the online removal chamber, while reducing the pressure of the discharged material. The inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 is interlocked with the cleaning mechanism and the discharge mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower outlet of the inorganic salt online removal chamber is provided with an inorganic salt discharge outlet, which is connected to the gas-solid separation module; the inlet pipe of the gas-solid separation module is provided with an inorganic salt discharge valve V6, which is interlocked with the inorganic salt level gauge LIC1; the exhaust pipe is provided with a gas phase product discharge valve V7, which is interlocked with the gas phase temperature measuring point TIC5.

[0013] Furthermore, the outlet pipe of the multi-component hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module is equipped with a multi-component hot fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 and a multi-component hot fluid temperature measuring point TIC6. The multi-component hot fluid temperature measuring point TIC6 is interlocked with the multi-component hot fluid temperature regulating valve to regulate the wastewater injection volume; the multi-component hot fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 is interlocked with the multi-component hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module to regulate the multi-component hot fluid outlet pressure.

[0014] Furthermore, a first heat exchange medium bypass valve V1 is installed on the inorganic salt primary removal tank, which is interlocked with the temperature measuring point TIC1 of the inorganic salt primary removal tank to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium through the inorganic salt primary removal tank.

[0015] Furthermore, a second heat exchange medium bypass valve V2 is installed on the wastewater preheater, which is interlocked with the outlet temperature measuring point TIC2 of the wastewater preheater to regulate the flow rate of the wastewater preheater.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for generating a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid, based on the above-mentioned supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device, comprising the following steps: Oily wastewater and chemical reagents from offshore oil fields are mixed in an inorganic salt primary removal tank for preliminary inorganic salt desalination treatment. The material after being treated in the inorganic salt pre-removal tank is conveyed to the wastewater preheater; The material at the outlet of the wastewater preheater is divided into three paths: the first path is conveyed to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module, the second path is conveyed to the reactant mixing valve V3; the third path is further divided into two paths, one of which is conveyed to the combustion chamber and the other path is conveyed to the inorganic salt online removal chamber. Organic materials are mixed with high-pressure oilfield wastewater in an organic material storage tank to form reactants, which are then injected into the combustion chamber through a reactant preheater to undergo a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction. The materials processed in the combustion chamber are sequentially transported to the inorganic salt online removal chamber for further inorganic salt, high-pressure gas-water mixture discharge and depressurization treatment, reactant preheater absorbs high-grade energy to preheat fuel treatment, and cooling components cool key components. The hot fluid outlet in the cooling component is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulation module to form a multi-element hot fluid that meets the injection and production pressure and temperature. The cooling medium outlet is sequentially connected to the wastewater preheater, the inorganic salt primary removal tank and the organic material storage tank, and finally returns to the cooling water storage tank to enter the next cycle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator that effectively avoids inorganic salt deposition on the wall: it directly uses oily wastewater from offshore oil fields with high salt content as fuel, first removing low-soluble Ca from the wastewater. 2+ Mg 2+ Inorganic salts are then used, and their dissolution and melting properties at different temperatures are utilized to regulate the phase state of inorganic salts in different chambers, effectively avoiding problems such as the deposition of inorganic salts on the walls of high-temperature combustion chambers and desalination chambers.

[0018] This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, which effectively solves the problem of continuous, online discharge of inorganic salts and high-pressure gas-water mixtures. In industrial applications, it is required to continuously discharge inorganic salts while the reactor is running. However, the high-pressure gas-water mixture carried by the discharged inorganic salts will cause significant pressure fluctuations within the reactor. This invention is designed with a discharge mechanism that fills the gaps in the discharge mechanism with inorganic salts, forming micron-level micro-gaps. The more inorganic salts there are, the smaller the gaps become. During forward rotation, the high-pressure gas-water mixture flowing through the micro-gaps will experience a significant pressure drop, thereby meeting the low-pressure conditions for online discharge of inorganic salts and fluids, overcoming the technical bottleneck of the inability to discharge inorganic salts online. During reverse rotation, a countercurrent is formed, opposite to the direction of the main fluid flow, thus preventing pressure fluctuations within the reactor.

[0019] This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator. Supercritical hydrothermal combustion can complete the reaction within milliseconds, achieving intermolecular heat transfer and eliminating a large number of partition wall heat exchange surfaces, thus significantly reducing the reactor structure. It directly uses oily wastewater as reactant, and the combustion products are only non-polluting substances such as H2O, CO2, and inorganic salts. It eliminates waste liquid and waste gas treatment modules, greatly reducing the system's footprint and making it suitable for offshore mining platforms with limited space.

[0020] This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, which can automatically regulate the material flow rate, reactor wall temperature, reactor internal temperature, and product pressure to maintain them at the design values. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label: 1-Chemical reagents; 2-Inorganic salt primary removal tank; 3-Organic material storage tank; 4-Cooling water storage tank; 5-Wastewater preheater; 6-Combustion chamber; 7-Inorganic salt online removal chamber; 8-Reaction material preheater; 9-Cooling components; 10-Gas-solid separation module; 11-Multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulation module; 12-Oxidant system; 13-Cleanup unit; 13a-Removal mechanism; 13b-Discharge mechanism; 14-Ignition device; 15-Inorganic salt discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element hot fluid generator, comprising an inorganic salt primary removal tank 2, the outlet of which is connected to a wastewater preheater 5. The outlet of the wastewater preheater 5 is divided into three paths: the first path is connected to a multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11, the second path is connected to a reactant mixing valve V3, and the third path is further divided into two paths: one path is connected to a combustion chamber 6, and the other path is connected to an inorganic salt online removal chamber 7. The combustion chamber 6 is sequentially connected to the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7, a reactant preheater 8, and a cooling assembly 9. The outlet of the cooling assembly 9 is divided into two paths: a hot fluid outlet is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11, and a cooling medium outlet is connected to a cooling water storage tank 4 via the wastewater preheater 5.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, oily wastewater and chemical reagent 1 from offshore oilfields undergo preliminary desalination treatment in inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 to remove Ca. 2+ Mg 2+ Inorganic salts. The inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 is equipped with a first heat exchange medium bypass valve V1, which is interlocked with the temperature measuring point TIC1 of the inorganic salt primary removal tank to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium through the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2, thereby maintaining a stable outlet fluid temperature of the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2.

[0026] The outlet of the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 is sequentially connected to the oilfield wastewater high-pressure pump P1 and the wastewater preheater 5. The oilfield wastewater high-pressure pump P1 provides stable pressure to the pre-treated wastewater, ensuring that the wastewater enters subsequent treatment stages at a suitable flow rate and pressure. This prevents some inorganic salts from re-precipitating or adhering to the inner wall of the pipeline during transportation due to insufficient pressure, thus guaranteeing the initial removal effect of the inorganic salt primary removal tank. When the wastewater, pressurized by the high-pressure pump P1, enters the wastewater preheater 5, the stable pressure helps the wastewater to be heated evenly in the preheater, improving heat exchange efficiency. The outlet temperature of the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 is 70°C. 100℃. The outlet temperature of wastewater preheater 5 is 200℃. 300℃.

[0027] The outlet of the wastewater preheater 5 is divided into three paths. The first path is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11. The second path is connected to the reactant mixing valve V3, where it mixes with organic materials to form reactants. The third path is further divided into two paths: one path is connected to the combustion chamber 6, and the other path is connected to the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7. The combustion chamber 6 is sequentially connected to the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7, the reactant preheater 8, and the cooling component 9. The outlet of the cooling component 9 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11, and the other path is connected to the wastewater preheater 5.

[0028] The outlet of the organic material storage tank 3 is connected to the high-pressure organic material pump P2, which pressurizes the organic material to supercritical pressure and mixes it with high-pressure oilfield wastewater to form a reactant. The reactant then flows sequentially through the reactant preheater 8 and ignition device 14, where it is preheated to a set temperature before finally being injected into the combustion chamber 6 of the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device to undergo a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction. An organic material flow meter FIC2 is installed on the outlet pipe of the high-pressure organic material pump P2, which is interlocked with the wastewater flow meter FIC1 to regulate the reactant mixing valve V3. A second heat exchange medium bypass valve V2 is installed on the wastewater preheater 5, which is interlocked with the wastewater preheater outlet temperature measuring point TIC2 to regulate the flow rate of the wastewater preheater 5.

[0029] An ignition device 14 is installed on the combustion chamber 6. A reactant temperature measuring point TIC3 is installed on the outlet pipe of the ignition device 14. The power of the ignition device 14 is adjusted according to the outlet reactant temperature. A combustion chamber mixing water regulating valve V4 is installed on the combustion chamber 6. The combustion chamber mixing water regulating valve V4 is interlocked with the combustion chamber temperature measuring point TIC4. The wastewater inflow is adjusted according to the temperature inside the combustion chamber 6 to keep the combustion chamber 6 at the inorganic salt melting temperature, 800°C. The temperature is 900℃ to prevent inorganic salts from depositing on the wall surface, allowing the inorganic salts to flow into the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7. The combustion chamber 6 is connected to the oxidant system 12 via the oxidant high-pressure pump P4. The outlet of the oxidant system 12 is connected to the oxidant high-pressure pump P4, which pressurizes the oxidant to the set pressure before it flows into the combustion chamber 6 of the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device.

[0030] The ignition device 14 can use an electric heating rod as the ignition element and is located inside the combustion chamber 6. During ignition, the subcritical temperature (e.g., 200°C) is... High-salt materials (300℃) are only ignited when they flow over the hot surface of the electric heating rod, thus preventing inorganic salts from precipitating in narrow areas such as pipes.

[0031] Combustion chamber 6 is sequentially connected to inorganic salt online removal chamber 7, reactant preheater 8, and cooling assembly 9. The high-temperature, high-pressure supercritical fluid generated in combustion chamber 6 carries the products into inorganic salt online removal chamber 7. The supercritical state facilitates the uniform dispersion of inorganic salts, enabling efficient and continuous separation and preventing clogging and corrosion of subsequent equipment. The fluid then enters reactant preheater 8, utilizing waste heat to preheat new materials and improve energy efficiency. Finally, it reaches cooling assembly 9, which cools the fluid to a suitable state for subsequent treatment or discharge.

[0032] The inorganic salt online removal chamber 7 is equipped with an inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 and a cleaning unit 13. The cleaning unit 13 includes a cleaning mechanism 13a and a discharge mechanism 13b. The discharge mechanism 13b is located at the lower end of the cleaning mechanism 13a. The cleaning mechanism 13a is used to remove inorganic salt deposited on the wall surface of the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7, and the discharge mechanism 13b is used to discharge inorganic salt from the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7. The inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 is interlocked with the cleaning mechanism 13a and the discharge mechanism 13b.

[0033] The removal mechanism 13a employs an anchor scraper structure to continuously remove inorganic salt deposits on the wall of the online removal chamber 7 and transport them to the discharge mechanism 13b. The discharge mechanism 13b uses a spiral design, with inorganic salt filling the gap between the two spirals, forming a micron-level micro-gap with the online removal chamber 7. The more inorganic salt present, the smaller the gap. A significant pressure drop occurs as the fluid flows through this micro-gap, as shown in Figure 18. 25MPa, thus meeting the low-pressure conditions for online discharge of inorganic salts and fluids, ultimately discharging from inorganic salt outlet 15, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0034] The discharge mechanism is used to discharge inorganic salts in the online inorganic salt removal chamber, while reducing the pressure of the high-pressure gas-water mixture carried by the inorganic salts to atmospheric pressure; the inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 is interlocked with the removal mechanism and the discharge mechanism to determine the timing of forward rotation to discharge salt and reduce pressure, and reverse rotation to lock pressure.

[0035] The discharge mechanism 13b operates in two modes: forward rotation and reverse rotation. When rotating forward, the inorganic salts and fluids move downward, achieving online pressure reduction and discharge. When rotating in reverse, the nearby inorganic salts and fluids move upward, and it also has the function of maintaining the pressure inside the reactor.

[0036] The inorganic salt outlet 15 is connected to the gas-solid separation module 10. The inlet pipe of the gas-solid separation module 10 is equipped with an inorganic salt discharge valve V6, which is interlocked with the inorganic salt level gauge LIC1. The exhaust pipe is equipped with a gas phase product discharge valve V7, which is interlocked with the gas phase temperature measuring point TIC5.

[0037] The cooling component 9 has two outlets. The hot fluid outlet is connected to the multi-electro-thermal fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11. The outlet pipe of the multi-electro-thermal fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11 is equipped with a multi-electro-thermal fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 and a multi-electro-thermal fluid temperature measuring point TIC6. The multi-electro-thermal fluid temperature measuring point TIC6 is interlocked with the multi-electro-thermal fluid temperature regulating valve V5 to regulate the wastewater injection volume. The multi-electro-thermal fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 is interlocked with the multi-electro-thermal fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11 to regulate the multi-electro-thermal fluid outlet pressure. The cooling medium outlet is connected to the wastewater preheater 5 and returns to the cooling water storage tank 4 via the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2, the organic material storage tank 3, and the pressure reducing valve V8.

[0038] This invention discloses a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator that effectively avoids inorganic salt deposition on the walls: it directly uses oily wastewater from offshore oil fields with high salt content as fuel, firstly removes inorganic salts with low solubility from the wastewater, and then utilizes the dissolution and melting characteristics of inorganic salts at different temperatures to regulate the phase state of inorganic salts in different chambers, effectively avoiding problems such as inorganic salt deposition on the walls of the high-temperature combustion chamber and desalination chamber.

[0039] Example 2 A method for generating a supercritical hydrothermal combustion-type multi-component thermal fluid includes the following steps: Oily wastewater from an offshore oilfield and chemical reagent 1 are mixed in an inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 for preliminary inorganic salt desalination; the material treated in the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 is then transported to a wastewater preheater 5; the material at the outlet of the wastewater preheater 5 is divided into three paths: the first path is transported to a multi-component thermal fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11, the second path is transported to a reactant mixing valve V3; the third path is further divided into two paths, one of which is transported to a combustion chamber 6, and the other is transported to an online inorganic salt removal chamber 7; the organic material storage tank 3 is mixed with high-pressure oilfield wastewater to form reactants, which are then processed through a reaction... The material preheater 8 injects into the combustion chamber 6 to undergo a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction; the material processed in the combustion chamber 6 is sequentially transported to the inorganic salt online removal chamber 7 for further inorganic salt, high-pressure gas-water mixture discharge and depressurization treatment; the reactant preheater 8 absorbs high-grade energy to preheat the fuel; and the cooling component 9 cools the key components; the hot fluid outlet in the cooling component 9 is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulation module 11 to form a multi-element hot fluid that meets the injection and production pressure and temperature; the cooling medium outlet is sequentially connected to the wastewater preheater 5, the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2, and the organic material storage tank 3, and finally returns to the cooling water storage tank 4 to enter the next cycle.

[0040] Chemical agent 1 is injected into the pipeline. The chemical agent mixes with the high-salinity oilfield wastewater, causing Ca... 2+ Mg 2+ Plasma forms inorganic salts such as CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2. The temperature measuring point TIC1 of the inorganic salt primary removal tank adjusts the opening of the first heat exchange medium bypass valve V1 according to the tank temperature, thereby regulating the flow rate of the heat exchange medium flowing through the tank and maintaining the wastewater in the inorganic salt primary removal tank 2 at the set temperature T1, so that inorganic salts such as CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 precipitate and are removed, while inorganic salts such as NaCl and KCl remain in a dissolved state.

[0041] The wastewater preheater outlet temperature measuring point TIC2 is interlocked with the second heat exchange medium bypass valve V2. The flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the wastewater preheater is adjusted according to the wastewater medium at the preheater outlet to maintain the outlet wastewater temperature at T2 and keep inorganic salts such as NaCl and KCl in a dissolved state.

[0042] The combustion chamber mixing water regulating valve V4 is interlocked with the combustion chamber temperature measuring point TIC4. It adjusts the wastewater inflow according to the combustion chamber temperature, thereby maintaining a stable combustion chamber temperature at T3, ensuring that inorganic salts such as NaCl and KCl are in a molten state. T1 <T2<T3。

[0043] When the inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 reaches the high level, the salt discharge state is activated. The removal mechanism 13a and the discharge mechanism 13b operate in the forward direction. The discharge mechanism 13b, in conjunction with the inorganic salt and the 7-inch gap in the online inorganic salt removal chamber, causes a significant pressure drop in the flowing fluid, meeting the discharge pressure. At the same time, the inorganic salt discharge valve V6 automatically opens. When the inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 reaches the low level, the salt discharge state is closed, and the inorganic salt discharge valve V6 automatically closes. The cleaning mechanism 13a operates in reverse with the discharge mechanism 13b.

[0044] The gas phase temperature measuring point TIC5 is interlocked with the gas phase product discharge valve V7. When the temperature reaches the set temperature, the gas phase product discharge valve V7 will automatically open to achieve the separation of gas and solid products.

[0045] The outlet pipe of the multi-component hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11 is equipped with a multi-component hot fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 and a multi-component hot fluid temperature measuring point TIC6. The multi-component hot fluid temperature measuring point TIC6 is interlocked with the multi-component hot fluid temperature regulating valve V5 to regulate the wastewater injection volume, thereby maintaining the steam injection temperature. The multi-component hot fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 is interlocked with the multi-component hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module 11 to regulate the multi-component hot fluid outlet pressure to the steam injection parameters.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

Claims

1. A supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, characterized in that: Includes an inorganic salt primary removal tank (2), the outlet of which is connected to a wastewater preheater (5). The outlet of the wastewater preheater (5) is divided into three paths: the first path is connected to a multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module (11), the second path is connected to a reactant mixing valve V3, and the third path is further divided into two paths: one path is connected to a combustion chamber (6), and the other path is connected to an inorganic salt online removal chamber (7). The combustion chamber (6) is connected in sequence to the inorganic salt online removal chamber (7), the reactant preheater (8), and the cooling component (9). The outlet of the cooling component (9) is divided into two paths: the hot fluid outlet is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module (11), and the cooling medium outlet is connected to the cooling water storage tank (4) through the wastewater preheater (5). The cooling water storage tank (4) is connected to the cooling water high-pressure pump P3, and flows sequentially through the cooling component (9), wastewater preheater (5), inorganic salt primary removal tank (2), organic material storage tank (3), and pressure reducing valve V8 back to the cooling water storage tank (4); the inorganic salt primary removal tank (2) mixes oily wastewater from offshore oil fields with chemical reagents (1) for preliminary desalination; The outlet of the organic material storage tank (3) is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the reactant preheater (8), and the reactant flows into the combustion chamber (6) through the reactant preheater (8) to undergo a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction. An ignition device (14) is installed on the combustion chamber (6). The other path is connected to the cooling water storage tank (4). The combustion chamber (6) is connected to the oxidant system (12) via the oxidant high-pressure pump P4; the combustion chamber (6) is equipped with a combustion chamber mixing water regulating valve V4, which is interlocked with the combustion chamber temperature measuring point TIC4. The wastewater inflow is adjusted according to the temperature inside the combustion chamber (6) so that the combustion chamber (6) is at the inorganic salt melting temperature; the ignition device (14) is equipped with a reactant temperature measuring point TIC3 on the outlet pipe, and the power of the ignition device (14) is adjusted according to the outlet reactant temperature. The inorganic salt primary removal tank (2) is equipped with a first heat exchange medium bypass valve V1, which is interlocked with the temperature measuring point TIC1 of the inorganic salt primary removal tank to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange medium through the inorganic salt primary removal tank (2). The wastewater preheater (5) is equipped with a second heat exchange medium bypass valve V2, which is interlocked with the wastewater preheater outlet temperature measuring point TIC2 to adjust the flow rate of the wastewater preheater (5).

2. The supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salt online removal chamber (7) is equipped with an inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 and a cleaning unit (13). The cleaning unit (13) includes a cleaning mechanism (13a) and a discharge mechanism (13b). The discharge mechanism (13b) is located at the lower end of the cleaning mechanism (13a). The cleaning mechanism (13a) is used to remove inorganic salt deposited on the wall surface of the inorganic salt online removal chamber (7). The discharge mechanism (13b) is used to discharge the inorganic salt and high-pressure gas-water mixture in the online removal chamber (7) and reduce the pressure of the discharged substances. The inorganic salt level gauge LIC1 is interlocked with the cleaning mechanism (13a) and the discharge mechanism (13b).

3. The supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salt online removal chamber (7) is provided with an inorganic salt outlet (15) at its lower end, and the inorganic salt outlet (15) is connected to the gas-solid separation module (10). The gas-solid separation module (10) is equipped with an inorganic salt discharge valve V6 in the inlet pipe, which is interlocked with the inorganic salt level gauge LIC1; and a gas phase product discharge valve V7 is installed on the exhaust pipe, which is interlocked with the gas phase temperature measuring point TIC5.

4. The supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-element heat fluid temperature and pressure regulating module (11) is equipped with a multi-element heat fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 and a multi-element heat fluid temperature measuring point TIC6 on the outlet pipe. The multi-element heat fluid temperature measuring point TIC6 is interlocked with the multi-element heat fluid temperature regulating valve (V5) to regulate the wastewater injection volume. The multi-element heat fluid pressure measuring point PIC1 is interlocked with the multi-element heat fluid temperature and pressure regulating module (11) to regulate the multi-element heat fluid outlet pressure.

5. A method for generating a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid, based on the supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Oily wastewater and chemical reagents (1) from offshore oil fields are mixed in an inorganic salt primary removal tank (2) for preliminary inorganic salt desalination treatment; The material after being treated by the inorganic salt pre-removal tank (2) is transported to the wastewater preheater (5); The material at the outlet of the wastewater preheater (5) is divided into three paths: the first path is transported to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulating module (11), the second path is transported to the reaction material mixing valve V3; the third path is further divided into two paths, one of which is transported to the combustion chamber (6), and the other path is transported to the inorganic salt online removal chamber (7). Organic material storage tank (3) is mixed with high-pressure oilfield wastewater to form reactant material, which is injected into combustion chamber (6) through reactant preheater (8) to undergo supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction; The materials processed in the combustion chamber (6) are sequentially transported to the inorganic salt online removal chamber (7) for further inorganic salt, high-pressure gas-water mixture discharge and depressurization treatment, the reaction material preheater (8) absorbs high-grade energy to preheat the fuel, and the cooling component (9) cools the key components. The hot fluid outlet in the cooling component (9) is connected to the multi-element hot fluid temperature and pressure regulation module (11) to form a multi-element hot fluid that meets the injection and extraction pressure and temperature; the cooling medium outlet is connected in sequence to the wastewater preheater (5), the inorganic salt primary removal tank (2) and the organic material storage tank (3), and finally returns to the cooling water storage tank (4) to enter the next cycle.

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