Method and device for distinguishing neutron spectrum and proton spectrum based on multi-ball measuring system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of neutron spectrum and proton spectrum distinguishing measurement method and device based on multi-ball measuring system, the method is based on the neutron and proton response function matrix of the multi-ball measuring system, and the original count obtained by the original count of the measured field test, using SAND-II few-channel deconvolution algorithm, obtain current neutron and proton spectrum, obtain the original deviation of measured value and calculated value;Again, reduce the current neutron spectrum each channel count according to the set proportion, obtain new proton spectrum and proton count, new neutron spectrum and neutron count based on SAND-II few-channel deconvolution algorithm calculation, obtain the new deviation of total count and original count;Obtain multiple deviations by changing the set proportion multiple times;Finally, the neutron spectrum and proton spectrum corresponding to the minimum value in all deviations are used as measurement result.The present application realizes the real-time distinguishing measurement of neutron and proton in wide energy range and high accuracy in high-altitude area of earth or other neutron-proton mixed field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy spectrum measurement technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system. Background Technology

[0002] In radiation protection, the interactions and harmful mechanisms of neutrons and charged particles (such as protons) with the human body differ, resulting in different levels of damage. For example, when a neutron enters the human body, the peak dose rate occurs approximately 10 mm below the skin surface. Ensuring the dose at this location is within limits ensures that the radiation hazard to the exposed person is controlled. However, for protons, due to the Bragg effect, the peak dose rate occurs at the Bragg peak, which can be anywhere below the skin surface (depending on the proton's energy). Therefore, the focus of control differs for different particles. Neutron-proton differentiation measurements of mixed fields containing neutrons and protons can provide technical support for radiation protection.

[0003] At different altitudes, the dose rate components from cosmic rays are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the dose contribution ratios of neutrons and protons increase with altitude. At high altitudes, the dose contribution from cosmic rays is higher for both neutrons and protons. At an altitude of 5000 meters, protons contribute approximately half of the effective dose globally. In reality, the neutron-to-proton ratio is closely related to factors beyond altitude, including atmospheric moisture content and surrounding topography. Therefore, dose measurements conducted at high altitudes require distinguishing between neutrons and protons and the resulting doses.

[0004] In existing technologies, in the outer space environment, spectral analysis methods using multi-sphere spectrometers are employed to analyze... 3 Analyzing the output signal of the He counter can provide a simple way to distinguish between the signals of neutrons, protons, and other high-energy charged ions. However, experiments have shown that signals directly caused by particles such as protons... 3 The effective count of the He counter is actually very small, so the results of the differentiation measurement are not accurate. Therefore, there is currently a lack of a method for accurately differentiating neutron and proton doses in neutron-proton mixed fields under Earth's conditions and in high-altitude environments, resulting in a lack of reliable basis for the design of radiation protection schemes in high-altitude environments or other neutron-proton mixed fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system. The aim is to achieve real-time distinguishing between neutrons and protons with a wider energy range and higher precision in high-altitude regions of the Earth or other neutron-proton mixed fields.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a method for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Obtain the neutron response function matrix and proton response function matrix of the multi-sphere measurement system;

[0009] S2. Obtain the original counts of each slowed-down ball obtained by the multi-ball measurement system at the test site;

[0010] S3. Treat all the original counts as neutron and proton counts respectively, and use the SAND-II few-channel spectrum resolution algorithm to obtain the current neutron spectrum and the current proton spectrum; calculate the deviation between the original counts and the counts of each channel of the current neutron spectrum and the current proton spectrum respectively.

[0011] S4. Recalculate the number of both types of particles using the first method, including:

[0012] Reduce the count of each channel in the current neutron spectrum by a set ratio;

[0013] The neutron count of each moderated sphere is calculated using the neutron response function matrix.

[0014] The original count and the neutron count are subtracted to obtain the proton count of each moderated sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new proton spectrum.

[0015] Using the new proton spectrum and the proton response function matrix, the proton count of each moderated sphere is recalculated to obtain a new proton count;

[0016] The original count is subtracted from the new proton count to obtain the neutron count of each slowing sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new neutron spectrum, which is then used as the current neutron spectrum.

[0017] Based on the new neutron spectrum and the neutron response function matrix, the neutron count of each slowing sphere is recalculated to obtain a new neutron count;

[0018] S5. Repeat S4 several times, and sum the final neutron count and proton count to obtain the total count;

[0019] S6. Calculate the deviation between the total count and the original count;

[0020] S7. Return to S4, change the set ratio, and repeat S4 to S6;

[0021] S8. Repeat S7 multiple times to obtain multiple deviations;

[0022] S9. Take the minimum value of the deviations obtained from S3 and S7, and use the corresponding neutron spectrum and proton spectrum as the measurement results.

[0023] The further technical solution is as follows:

[0024] The S4 further includes:

[0025] Alternatively, the number of particles in both classes can be recalculated using the second method, which includes:

[0026] Reduce the counts of each channel in the current proton spectrum according to a set ratio;

[0027] The proton count of each moderated sphere is calculated using the proton response function matrix.

[0028] The original count and the proton count are subtracted to obtain the neutron count of each slowed sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new neutron spectrum.

[0029] Using the new neutron spectrum and the neutron response function matrix, the neutron count of each slowing sphere is recalculated to obtain a new neutron count;

[0030] The original count is subtracted from the new neutron count to obtain the proton count of each slowing sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new proton spectrum, which is used as the current proton spectrum again.

[0031] Based on the new proton spectrum and the proton response function matrix, the proton count of each moderated sphere is recalculated to obtain a new proton count.

[0032] The altitude of the site to be tested is no less than 3600m.

[0033] In S3 and S6, the deviation is calculated using the least squares method.

[0034] In S4, the set ratio is 1 / 5 to 3 / 4.

[0035] In S5, S4 is repeated at least 10 times.

[0036] In S2, the test time is not less than 24 hours.

[0037] The multi-sphere measurement system includes m slowed-down spheres of type I and n slowed-down spheres of type II;

[0038] The structure of the first type of slowing sphere includes a detector, which may or may not have a polyethylene layer on its exterior; the detectors of the m first type of slowing spheres are of the same size, and the polyethylene layers are of different thicknesses;

[0039] The structure of the n second-type moderating spheres includes a detector, and a first polyethylene layer, an auxiliary material layer, and a second polyethylene layer are sequentially disposed on the outside of the detector; at least one of the first polyethylene layer, the auxiliary material layer, and the second polyethylene layer of the n second-type moderating spheres has a different size;

[0040] m and n are integers, where m > n.

[0041] The present invention also provides a computer device, the computer device including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method described.

[0042] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0044] This invention is applicable to the distinguishing measurement of neutron and proton spectra in high-altitude areas, and also to other neutron-proton mixed fields, such as the distinguishing measurement of neutrons and protons in the aerospace field. It can obtain the spectra of these two particles in real time, providing accurate and reliable measurement data for the design of radiation protection schemes in these scenarios.

[0045] This invention, on the one hand, is based on the small-loop calculation in step S5. Under the assumption of a certain proportion of the particle spectrum, it first improves the calculation accuracy of another particle spectrum, then improves the calculation accuracy of the first particle spectrum, and so on, repeating this process to improve the calculation accuracy of both particle spectra. Ultimately, it obtains the optimal solution for both spectra under the assumption of a certain proportion of the particle spectrum, referred to as the optimal solution with known particle proportions. On the other hand, based on the large-loop calculation in step S8, it continuously adjusts the proportion of the particle spectrum to obtain the optimal solution under different proportions. Each proportion corresponds to one optimal solution, thus there are multiple such optimal solutions. Finally, the optimal solution is selected as the final solution from among these multiple optimal solutions. This makes the obtained calculation results closer to the true values ​​and improves the accuracy of the spectral analysis results. Therefore, the method of this invention improves both the calculation accuracy and the accuracy of the spectral analysis results.

[0046] The multi-sphere measurement system employed in this invention optimizes the number and type ratio of slowing spheres, enabling the differentiated measurement of neutrons and protons over a wider energy range. This allows for not only differentiated measurement of neutron and proton spectra in high-altitude regions, but also a wider energy measurement range for both neutron and proton spectra (up to 200 MeV or even higher), and better energy resolution.

[0047] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description or may be learned by practicing the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 A dose rate composition diagram of cosmic rays at different altitudes.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slowing sphere structure of the multi-sphere measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 4 This is the proton spectrum obtained by the final solution obtained by the method in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Detector; 2. Moderation layer; 3. First polyethylene layer; 4. Auxiliary material layer; 5. Second polyethylene layer. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] This embodiment presents a method for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system. As a preferred embodiment, see [link to previous section]. Figure 2 The multi-sphere measurement system includes m slowed-down spheres of type I and n slowed-down spheres of type II. Figure 2 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the first type of moderating sphere and the second type of moderating sphere, respectively.

[0055] The structure of the first type of moderating sphere includes a detector 1, which may or may not have a moderating layer 2 on its exterior. The moderating layer is preferably a polyethylene layer. The detector 1 of the m first type of moderating spheres has the same size, and the polyethylene layer has a different thickness.

[0056] The structure of the second type of moderating sphere includes a detector 1, which is externally disposed in sequence with a first polyethylene layer 3, an auxiliary material layer 4, and a second polyethylene layer 5; at least one of the first polyethylene layer, the auxiliary material layer, and the second polyethylene layer of the n second type of moderating spheres has a different size.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, m = 10 and n = 4. The 10 first-type moderating spheres are numbered 1#-10#, and the polyethylene layer thicknesses of the moderating spheres are: 0 (bare detector sphere, no moderating layer), 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12. The 4 second-type moderating spheres serve as auxiliary spheres, numbered 11#-14#, and their dimensions are designed as shown in Table 1 below.

[0058] Table 1. Sizes of Type II Modifying Spheres

[0059]

[0060] Specifically, the detector is a commonly used one. 3 He detector.

[0061] Preferably, the detector is wrapped with a shielding layer. 3 The outer wall of the He detector is made of 0.5mm thick stainless steel, which has a certain blocking effect on protons.

[0062] The multi-sphere measurement system used in this embodiment has a wider energy measurement range, up to 200 MeV or even higher, and better energy resolution.

[0063] See Figure 3 The measurement method described in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. Obtain the neutron response function matrix and proton response function matrix of the multi-sphere measurement system.

[0065] The proton response function matrix described in this embodiment is shown in Table 2. The neutron response function matrix is ​​shown in Tables 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3. In the response function matrix tables, the numbers in each row are the response values ​​measured by each moderated sphere, representing the number of response particles corresponding to a unit particle at different energy levels.

[0066] Those skilled in the art will understand the individual principles of proton and neutron energy spectrum measurement; this embodiment will not elaborate further but will only provide a brief explanation. The principle of proton energy spectrum measurement: When a proton is incident on a target material, it mainly undergoes Coulomb interactions with electrons in the target material along its path, transferring its energy to the electrons. The proton itself gradually loses energy and eventually stops in the target material. In the stage where the proton's energy is about to be exhausted, the energy loss per unit distance will increase sharply, forming a Bragg peak. The proton response function matrix can be obtained through simulation calculation: when a proton is incident on... 3 When a Hexagonal detector is used, if the Bragg peak happens to fall within the detector's sensitive region, sufficient energy will be deposited to generate a signal. To calculate the maximum possible energy deposited by a proton within the detector, a spherical... 3 Taking a proportional counter (detector) as an example, its internal filling is... 3 The mass density of He gas is 4.966 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / cm 3 The effective diameter is 32 mm. Simulation calculations show that the mass density of a 0.9877 MeV proton passing through a 32 mm thickness is 4.996 × 10⁻⁶. -4 g / cm 3 of 3 In the He gas layer, all energy can be deposited. When the energy is greater than 0.9877 MeV, the proton will pass through... 3He gas layer, and thus the response value can be obtained. Similarly, neutrons incident on 3 When the He detector is activated, 3 The He(n, p)T nuclear reaction. The neutron response function matrix refers to the average count output of the detector after a single neutron incident at different energies, thus enabling neutron detection.

[0067] S2. Obtain the original counts of each slowing sphere obtained from the on-site test using the multi-sphere measurement system. The original counts of slowing spheres 1#-14# can be recorded as C1, C2, ..., C 14 .

[0068] As a preferred method, the test site in this embodiment was Lhasa, at an altitude of approximately 3650m, and the test time for each moderating ball was 24 hours. The obtained C1 to C... 14 The numbers are 3808, 2483, 4005, 5616, 5312, 6576, 6160, 4979, 3384, 2941, 6975, 7584, 10032, and 4887, respectively.

[0069] S3. Treat all the original counts as neutron counts and proton counts respectively, and use the SAND-II few-channel spectrum resolution algorithm to obtain the current neutron spectrum and the current proton spectrum; calculate the deviation between the original counts and the counts of each channel of the current neutron spectrum and the current proton spectrum respectively.

[0070] As a preferred method, the deviation is calculated using the least squares method, and the calculation formula is shown in S6 below.

[0071] The SAND-II few-channel spectral resolution algorithm is a classic spectral resolution method commonly used in neutron energy spectrum measurements, especially in activation method neutron energy spectrum measurements. Based on the SAND-II iterative method, it pre-assumes a pre-formed spectrum, which provides values ​​for each energy range in tabular form. The detector count rate is then calculated and compared with the measured value. An averaging method is used to obtain the average correction coefficient for each energy, which is applied to the general iterative fluence rate value at the corresponding energy to obtain the next iterative fluence rate spectrum, and subsequently the next iterative flux spectrum. When the convergence criterion is met, the iterative calculation stops, and the spectral resolution result is obtained. This algorithm has advantages such as high computational efficiency and accurate and reliable spectral resolution results. It maintains good spectral resolution performance, especially in the case of few-channel spectral resolution. The spectral resolution results can be further optimized by adjusting the iteration parameters and weighting functions. Specifically, [the algorithm will...] 3 The detector leads are connected to the amplifier circuit and the spectrum measurement circuit. The spectrum measurement signal is then output to the computer, and computer software can be developed to perform spectrum analysis.

[0072] S4. Recalculate the number of both types of particles using the first method, including:

[0073] The counts of each channel in the current neutron spectrum are reduced by a set ratio; preferably, the set ratio here can be 1 / 2, that is, the counts of each channel are halved.

[0074] Using the neutron response function matrix, the neutron count C of each moderated sphere is calculated. 中子1 C 中子2 ... C 中子14 ;

[0075] Subtracting the original count from the neutron count yields the proton count for each moderated sphere: C 质子1 =C1-C 中子 1; C 质子2 =C2-C 中子2 ;……;C 质子14 =C 14 -C 中子14 Then, using the proton count and proton response function matrix, a new proton spectrum is obtained by employing the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm.

[0076] Using the new proton spectrum and the proton response function matrix, the proton count of each moderated sphere is recalculated to obtain a new proton count C. 新质子1 C 新质子2 ... C 新质子14 ;

[0077] Subtracting the original count from the new proton count yields the neutron count for each moderated sphere: C 中子1 =C1-C 新质子1 C 中子2 =C2-C 新质子2 ;……;C 中子14 =C 14 -C 新质子14 Then, using the neutron count and neutron response function matrix, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is employed to obtain a new neutron spectrum, which is then used as the current neutron spectrum.

[0078] Based on the new neutron spectrum and the neutron response function matrix, the neutron counts of each moderated sphere are recalculated to obtain the new neutron count: C 新中子1 C 新中子2 ... C 新中子14 .

[0079] S5. Repeat S4 several times, preferably 10 times, and sum the final neutron count and proton count to obtain the total count C. c1 C c2 ...C c14 .

[0080] S6. Calculate the deviation between the total count and the original count; preferably, the least squares method is used to calculate the deviation, as shown in the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] S7. Return to S4 and change the set ratio, for example, change the set ratio to 1 / 4, that is, reduce the count of each channel by 1 / 4, and then repeat S4 to S6 to obtain a new deviation.

[0083] S8. Repeat S7 multiple times, with each repetition using a different ratio than the previous one, to obtain multiple deviations;

[0084] S9. Take the minimum value among all deviations obtained from S3 and S7, and use the corresponding neutron and proton spectra as the measurement results. The final neutron spectra are shown in Tables 4-1 and 4-2, and the proton spectra are shown in Tables 4-2 and 4-2, respectively. Figure 4 .

[0085] This embodiment is based on the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm. In step S5, a small loop is used to first assume a certain proportion of the particle spectrum and then solve for the optimal solution for both spectra at that point. Simultaneously, in step S8, a large loop is used to continuously adjust the aforementioned particle spectrum proportions, solving for the optimal solutions for different proportions. Each optimal solution corresponds to a specific particle spectrum proportion; since multiple proportions are assumed, there are multiple optimal solutions. Then, the best final solution is selected from these optimal solutions. This improves both computational precision and the accuracy of the spectral analysis results.

[0086] As a preferred embodiment, S4 further includes:

[0087] Alternatively, the number of particles in both classes can be recalculated using the second method, which includes:

[0088] Reduce the counts of each channel in the current proton spectrum according to a set ratio;

[0089] The proton count of each moderated sphere is calculated using the proton response function matrix.

[0090] The original count and the proton count are subtracted to obtain the neutron count of each slowed sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new neutron spectrum.

[0091] Using the new neutron spectrum and the neutron response function matrix, the neutron count of each slowing sphere is recalculated to obtain a new neutron count;

[0092] The original count is subtracted from the new neutron count to obtain the proton count of each slowing sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new proton spectrum, which is used as the current proton spectrum again.

[0093] Based on the new proton spectrum and the proton response function matrix, the proton count of each moderated sphere is recalculated to obtain a new proton count.

[0094] It is understandable that the first and second methods share the same computational approach: first improving the computational accuracy of one particle spectrum, and then improving the computational accuracy of the other particle spectrum.

[0095] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system.

[0096] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system.

[0097] Table 2 Proton Response Function Matrix

[0098]

[0099] Table 3-1 Neutron Response Function Matrix

[0100]

[0101] Table 3-2 Neutron Response Function Matrix

[0102]

[0103] Table 3-3 Neutron Response Function Matrix

[0104]

[0105] Table 4-1 Neutron spectra obtained from the spectrum interpretation

[0106] Serial Number energy Number of particles Serial Number energy Number of particles 1 3.14E-01 8.65E+02 29 4.07E+06 4.56E+01 2 4.88E-01 5.87E+01 30 5.30E+06 2.67E+01 3 9.83E-01 1.05E-01 31 6.91E+06 1.20E+01 4 2.18E+00 3.98E-02 32 9.40E+06 2.13E+01 5 5.74E+00 3.69E-02 33 1.34E+07 3.13E+01 6 1.45E+01 5.37E-02 34 1.67E+07 4.38E+01 7 3.49E+01 1.03E-01 35 1.82E+07 6.53E+01 8 8.06E+01 1.67E-01 36 2.70E+07 1.01E+02 9 1.86E+02 2.31E-01 37 3.37E+07 1.44E+02 10 4.49E+02 3.65E-01 38 4.59E+07 1.99E+02 11 135E+03 7.32E-01 39 6.52E+07 2.96E+02 12 2.98E+03 1.64E+00 40 7.78E+07 2.97E+02 13 8.57E+03 332E+00 41 1.16E+08 1.93E+02 14 1.81E+04 6.97E+00 42 144E+08 9.96E+01 15 4.77E+04 1.69E+01 43 1.96E+08 4.01E+01 16 1.26E+05 4.00E+01 44 2.44E+08 1.12E+01 17 1.79E+05 1.95E+01 45 3.05E+08 2.30E+00 18 2.04E+05 3.13E+01 46 3.48E+08 4.68E-01 19 2.66E+05 5.04E+01 47 5.17E+08 1.57E-01 20 3.31E+05 7.88E+01 48 7.03E+08 4.07E-02

[0107] Table 4-2 Neutron spectra obtained from the spectrum interpretation

[0108]

[0109] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for distinguishing between neutron and proton spectra based on a multi-sphere measurement system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the neutron response function matrix and proton response function matrix of the multi-sphere measurement system; S2. Obtain the original counts of each slowed-down ball obtained by the multi-ball measurement system at the test site; S3. Treat all the original counts as neutron and proton counts respectively, and use the SAND-II few-channel spectrum resolution algorithm to obtain the current neutron spectrum and the current proton spectrum; calculate the deviation between the original counts and the counts of each channel of the current neutron spectrum and the current proton spectrum respectively. S4. Recalculate the number of both types of particles using the first method, including: Reduce the count of each channel in the current neutron spectrum by a set ratio; The neutron count of each moderated sphere is calculated using the neutron response function matrix. The original count and the neutron count are subtracted to obtain the proton count of each moderated sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new proton spectrum. Using the new proton spectrum and the proton response function matrix, the proton count of each moderated sphere is recalculated to obtain a new proton count; The original count is subtracted from the new proton count to obtain the neutron count of each slowing sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new neutron spectrum, which is then used as the current neutron spectrum. Based on the new neutron spectrum and the neutron response function matrix, the neutron count of each slowing sphere is recalculated to obtain a new neutron count; S5. Repeat S4 several times, and sum the final neutron count and proton count to obtain the total count; S6. Calculate the deviation between the total count and the original count; S7. Return to S4, change the set ratio, and repeat S4 to S6; S8. Repeat S7 multiple times to obtain multiple deviations; S9. Take the minimum value of the deviations obtained from S3 and S7, and use the corresponding neutron spectrum and proton spectrum as the measurement results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S4 further includes: Alternatively, the number of particles in both classes can be recalculated using the second method, which includes: Reduce the counts of each channel in the current proton spectrum according to a set ratio; The proton count of each moderated sphere is calculated using the proton response function matrix. The original count and the proton count are subtracted to obtain the neutron count of each slowed sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new neutron spectrum. Using the new neutron spectrum and the neutron response function matrix, the neutron count of each slowing sphere is recalculated to obtain a new neutron count; The original count is subtracted from the new neutron count to obtain the proton count of each slowing sphere. Then, the SAND-II few-channel spectral analysis algorithm is used to obtain the new proton spectrum, which is used as the current proton spectrum again. Based on the new proton spectrum and the proton response function matrix, the proton count of each moderated sphere is recalculated to obtain a new proton count.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The altitude of the site to be tested is no less than 3600m.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3 and S6, the deviation is calculated using the least squares method.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the set ratio is 1 / 5 to 3 / 4.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, S4 is repeated at least 10 times.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the test time is not less than 24 hours.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-sphere measurement system includes m slowed-down spheres of type I and n slowed-down spheres of type II; The structure of the first type of slowing sphere includes a detector, which may or may not have a polyethylene layer on its exterior; the detectors of the m first type of slowing spheres are of the same size, and the polyethylene layers are of different thicknesses; The structure of the n second-type moderating spheres includes a detector, and a first polyethylene layer, an auxiliary material layer, and a second polyethylene layer are sequentially disposed on the outside of the detector; at least one of the first polyethylene layer, the auxiliary material layer, and the second polyethylene layer of the n second-type moderating spheres has a different size; m and n are integers, where m > n.

9. A computer device comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images