A multi-layer liquid crystal light field display device and method based on multi-directional backlighting

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional display, and relates to a multi-layer liquid crystal light field display device and method based on a multi-directional backlight. The device comprises a multi-directional backlight source, a multi-layer liquid crystal panel comprising at least two layers of liquid crystal panels arranged in parallel and at intervals, a liquid crystal panel close to the multi-directional backlight source, and a diffusion plate arranged on the side facing the multi-directional backlight source, and a control unit in communication connection with the LED array and the liquid crystal panel. The multi-directional backlight source is used to emit at least two groups of collimated light with different directions to the multi-layer liquid crystal panel. The diffusion plate diffuses the collimated light into scattered light within a specific angle range. The present disclosure superimposes the reconstructed light field with a small angle in time, thereby expanding the viewing angle of the multi-layer liquid crystal light field three-dimensional display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of three-dimensional display technology and relates to a multilayer liquid crystal light field display device and method based on multi-directional backlighting. Background Technology

[0002] 3D display technology, offering users a more realistic visual experience, has become a key development direction in new display technologies. Assisted 3D display technology utilizes the principle of binocular parallax, requiring users to wear assistive devices synchronized with the 3D display, which can easily trigger visual convergence-accommodation conflict, causing discomfort. In contrast, glasses-free 3D display technology reconstructs realistic light field information within a certain spatial range, allowing users to view 3D content directly without assistive devices, providing a more comfortable viewing experience.

[0003] Multilayer liquid crystal light field display technology is a glasses-free 3D display technology. Based on the motion parallax characteristics of human vision, it decomposes similar 3D scene multi-viewpoint images into multiple layers of display images arranged in depth. Mathematically, this is a problem of solving an overdetermined system of equations. Multilayer liquid crystal light field display has the advantages of high spatial resolution and large display depth.

[0004] However, the similarity between multi-view images of a 3D scene decreases as the viewing angle increases. From a mathematical perspective, the pixel values ​​in a multilayer liquid crystal light field display are equivalent to unknowns in a system of equations, while the light field information, as the optimization target, is equivalent to the constant term in the system of equations. When the angle of the 3D scene increases while the parameters of the multilayer liquid crystal light field display device remain unchanged, it's equivalent to an increase in the number of equations while the number of unknowns remains the same. This causes the reconstructed light field obtained by solving for pixels to deviate from the target light field. Therefore, multilayer liquid crystal light field displays cannot reconstruct 3D scenes at large angles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above problems, this disclosure provides a multilayer liquid crystal light field display device and method based on multidirectional backlighting.

[0006] The technical solution disclosed herein is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a multilayer liquid crystal light field display device based on multi-directional backlighting, comprising:

[0008] Multi-directional backlight;

[0009] A multilayer liquid crystal panel includes at least two liquid crystal panels arranged in parallel and spaced apart, with a diffuser plate disposed on the side of the liquid crystal panel closest to the multi-directional backlight facing the multi-directional backlight; and

[0010] The control unit is communicatively connected to the multi-directional backlight and the multi-layer liquid crystal panel.

[0011] The multi-directional backlight is used to emit at least two sets of collimated light with different directions to the multilayer liquid crystal panel;

[0012] The diffuser plate diffuses the collimated light into scattered light within a specific angular range.

[0013] Furthermore, the multi-directional backlight includes at least two LED arrays, a light shield, and a collimation unit;

[0014] The light-shielding plate and collimation unit collimate the light emitted by each of the LED arrays into light with different directions, which then enters the multilayer liquid crystal panel.

[0015] Furthermore, the collimation unit is a Fresnel lens.

[0016] Furthermore, the multi-directional backlight includes at least two sets of second multi-directional backlights;

[0017] The second multi-directional backlight includes at least two LED arrays, a light shield, and a collimation unit;

[0018] The light shield and collimation unit collimate the light emitted by each of the LED arrays into light with different directions, so that the light enters the multilayer liquid crystal panel.

[0019] The light emitted by the second multi-directional backlight in each group is in the same direction.

[0020] Furthermore, the multi-directional backlight includes at least two layers of microstructured light guide plates, and each of the microstructured light guide plates has an LED array at its end;

[0021] After the light emitted by the LED array enters the microstructure light guide plate, it exits from the side of the microstructure light guide plate 12 and is projected onto the multilayer liquid crystal panel in a preset direction.

[0022] The emitted light directions of each of the aforementioned microstructure light guide plates are different.

[0023] Furthermore, a first polarizer array is also provided between the liquid crystal panel near the multi-directional backlight and the diffuser plate;

[0024] The liquid crystal panel near the human eye has a second polarizer array on the side facing the human eye.

[0025] Furthermore, The first emission emitted by the multi-directional backlight Light from all directions, after being diffused by the diffuser plate The direction of spread is between;

[0026] The diffused light satisfies:

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] ;

[0030] ;

[0031] in, The number of directions in which the multi-directional backlight emits light, and Not 1 and .

[0032] Secondly, this disclosure provides a multilayer liquid crystal light field display method based on multi-directional backlighting, which is displayed using the display device described in the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

[0033] The light field to be displayed is processed into multiple two-dimensional images, the number of which is the same as the number of layers of the liquid crystal panel;

[0034] Different LCD panels can display different two-dimensional images;

[0035] The multi-directional backlight emits light in different directions at different times.

[0036] Furthermore, the light field to be displayed is processed into multiple two-dimensional images, specifically:

[0037] When the multi-directional backlight emits the first When light comes from the direction of the first direction, the first... The pattern on each LCD panel is The reconstructed light field for:

[0038] ;

[0039] in, The light intensity is emitted by a multi-directional backlight;

[0040] Solving the least squares problem ,in, The light field to be displayed;

[0041] The solution to the least squares problem is used as the two-dimensional image.

[0042] Furthermore, the multi-directional backlight emits light in different directions at different times, specifically as follows:

[0043] The length of each time period is seconds, of which, The number of directions in which the multi-directional backlight emits light;

[0044] The multi-directional backlight emits light in different directions periodically.

[0045] This disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] This disclosure utilizes a multi-directional backlight and a multi-layer liquid crystal panel to superimpose the reconstructed light field at a small angle over time, thereby expanding the viewing angle of the three-dimensional display of the multi-layer liquid crystal light field.

[0047] This disclosure distributes LEDs to more LEDs using a lens array, reducing the brightness requirements of the LEDs. Furthermore, the lens array has the advantage of a short focal length, making the multi-directional backlight more compact.

[0048] This disclosure proposes using a microstructured light guide plate instead of a light shield and lens as a multidirectional optical element, thereby improving the light energy utilization rate of the multidirectional backlight. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a display device structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the display device structure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the parameter calculation for the multi-directional backlight of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0054] 1. Multi-directional backlight; 2. Multi-layer LCD panel; 3. Control unit; 4. LED array; 5. Light shield; 6. Collimation unit; 7. Diffuser plate; 8. First polarizer array; 9. LCD panel; 10. Second polarizer array; 11. Human eye; 12. Microstructure light guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes. To keep the following description of the embodiments of this disclosure clear and concise, detailed descriptions of some known functions and components are omitted.

[0057] The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a multilayer liquid crystal light field display device based on multi-directional backlighting, comprising:

[0059] Multi-directional backlight 1;

[0060] The multilayer liquid crystal panel 2 includes at least two liquid crystal panels 9 arranged in parallel and spaced apart. A diffuser plate 7 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal panel 9 closest to the multi-directional backlight 1, facing the multi-directional backlight 1.

[0061] Control unit 3 is communicatively connected to the multi-directional backlight 1 and the multi-layer liquid crystal panel 2;

[0062] The multi-directional backlight 1 is used to emit at least two sets of collimated light with different directions to the multilayer liquid crystal panel 2;

[0063] The diffuser plate 7 diffuses the collimated light into scattered light within a specific angular range.

[0064] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the multi-directional backlight 1 includes at least two sets of LED arrays 4, a light shield 5, and a collimation unit 6;

[0065] The light-shielding plate 5 and the collimation unit 6 collimate the light emitted by each of the LED arrays 4 into light with different directions, and then allow it to enter the multilayer liquid crystal panel 2.

[0066] refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the multi-directional backlight 1 emits three sets of collimated light with different directions.

[0067] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the collimation unit 6 is a Fresnel lens.

[0068] The multi-directional backlight scheme based on a single lens and a light-shielding plate 5 described above has the advantage of simple structure. However, since a single lens with a short focal length is difficult to achieve, the backlight system will be relatively thick and heavy. The brightness of the illumination beam from the backlight source will be greatly reduced after passing through the multi-layer liquid crystal panel 2. In order to ensure the viewing brightness of the display device, the brightness requirements of a single LED are extremely high.

[0069] refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment of this disclosure, the multi-directional backlight 1 includes at least two sets of second multi-directional backlights;

[0070] The second multi-directional backlight includes at least two sets of LED arrays 4, a light shield 5, and a collimation unit 6;

[0071] The light-shielding plate 5 and the collimation unit 6 collimate the light emitted by each of the LED arrays 4 into light with different directions, and then enter the multilayer liquid crystal panel 2.

[0072] The light emitted by the second multi-directional backlight in each group is in the same direction.

[0073] This embodiment distributes the illumination load of a single LED and a single lens to more LEDs through a lens array, reducing the brightness requirements of the LEDs. Furthermore, the lens array has the advantage of a short focal length, making the multi-directional backlight 1 more compact.

[0074] The light shield 5 used in the above embodiment wastes illumination light and reduces the light energy utilization rate of the multi-directional backlight 1. In order to improve the light energy utilization rate of the multi-directional backlight 1, a microstructured light guide plate 12 can be used instead of the light shield 5 and the lens as a multi-directional optical element.

[0075] refer to Figure 4 In one embodiment of this disclosure, the multi-directional backlight 1 includes at least two layers of microstructure light guide plates 12, and each of the microstructure light guide plates 12 is provided with an LED array 4 at its end.

[0076] After the light emitted by the LED array 4 enters the microstructure light guide plate 12, it exits from the side of the microstructure light guide plate 12 and is emitted to the multilayer liquid crystal panel 2 in a preset direction.

[0077] The emitted light directions of each of the microstructure light guide plates 12 are different.

[0078] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a first polarizer array 8 is further disposed between the liquid crystal panel 9 near the multi-directional backlight 1 and the diffuser plate 7;

[0079] The liquid crystal panel 9 near the human eye 11 has a second polarizer array 10 disposed on the side facing the human eye 11.

[0080] This embodiment controls the light intensity by combining the first polarizer array 8 and the second polarizer array 10.

[0081] In one embodiment of this disclosure, The first emission emitted by the multi-directional backlight 1 Light from all directions is diffused by the diffuser plate 7. The direction of spread is between;

[0082] The diffused light satisfies:

[0083] ;

[0084] ;

[0085] ;

[0086] ;

[0087] in, The number of directions in which the multi-directional backlight 1 emits light, and Not 1 and .

[0088] This implementation method ensures that the reconstructed light field has no overlapping regions or gaps.

[0089] Figure 3 For along A schematic diagram illustrating the design parameters calculation for a multi-directional backlight 1. To ensure accurate splicing of the sub-viewing areas, the positions of the LED lights, the light-shielding plate 5, and the size of the holes need to be precisely calculated based on the scattering angle of the diffuser plate 7, the focal length of the lens, and the light-transmitting aperture. The position of each LED light can be represented as: , The total number of LED lights is odd. Indicates the focal length of the lens. This indicates the diffusion angle of diffuser 7. The distance from light-shielding plate 5 to the LED array. It should be no greater than , The divergence angle of the LED light, and the size of the 5-hole in the light-shielding plate corresponding to each LED light can be expressed as: ,in, , , is the aperture of the lens.

[0090] Secondly, this disclosure provides a multilayer liquid crystal light field display method based on multi-directional backlighting, which is displayed using the display device described in the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

[0091] The light field to be displayed is processed into multiple two-dimensional images, and the number of the two-dimensional images is the same as the number of 9 layers in the liquid crystal panel.

[0092] Different LCD panels 9 can display different two-dimensional images;

[0093] The multi-directional backlight 1 emits light in different directions at different times.

[0094] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the light field to be displayed is processed into multiple two-dimensional images, specifically:

[0095] When the multi-directional backlight 1 emits the first When light comes from the direction of the first direction, the first... The pattern on each LCD panel 9 is The reconstructed light field for:

[0096] ;

[0097] in, The light intensity emitted by the multi-directional backlight 1;

[0098] Solving the least squares problem ,in, The light field to be displayed;

[0099] The solution to the least squares problem is used as the two-dimensional image.

[0100] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the multi-directional backlight 1 emits light in different directions at different time periods, specifically:

[0101] The length of each time period is seconds, of which, The number of directions in which the multi-directional backlight 1 emits light;

[0102] The multi-directional backlight 1 is made to periodically emit light in different directions.

[0103] This implementation allows the reconstructed light field to operate at a frequency of 60 Hz. By adjusting the time interval, the light field can operate at higher frequencies, such as 120 Hz or 144 Hz.

[0104] The units described in the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the units are not, in some cases, intended to limit the specific unit.

[0105] The functions described above in this document can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used, without limitation, include: field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chip (SoCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0106] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features disclosed in this disclosure that have similar functions.

[0107] Furthermore, while the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0108] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

[0109] The following points should be noted regarding this disclosure:

[0110] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure. Other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0111] (2) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0112] The above description is merely an embodiment of this disclosure and does not limit the patent scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent structure made using the content of this disclosure and its drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, is similarly included within the patent protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A multilayer liquid crystal light field display device based on multi-directional backlighting, characterized in that, include: Multi-directional backlight (1); The multilayer liquid crystal panel (2) includes at least two liquid crystal panels (9) arranged in parallel intervals. The liquid crystal panel (9) close to the multi-directional backlight (1) has a diffuser plate (7) on the side facing the multi-directional backlight (1). as well as The control unit (3) is communicatively connected to the multi-directional backlight (1) and the multi-layer liquid crystal panel (2); The multi-directional backlight (1) is used to emit at least two sets of collimated light with different directions to the multilayer liquid crystal panel (2); The diffuser plate (7) diffuses the collimated light into scattered light within a specific angle range; The first emission emitted by the multi-directional backlight (1) Light from all directions, after being diffused by the diffuser plate (7), The direction of spread is between; The diffused light satisfies: ； ； ； ； in, The number of directions in which the multi-directional backlight (1) emits light, and Not 1 and ; The multi-directional backlight (1) includes at least two sets of second multi-directional backlights; The second multi-directional backlight includes at least two sets of LED arrays (4), a light shield (5), and a collimation unit (6); The light shield (5) and collimation unit (6) collimate the light emitted by each of the LED arrays (4) into light with different directions and enter the multilayer liquid crystal panel (2). The light emitted by the second multi-directional backlight in each group is in the same direction.

2. The multilayer liquid crystal light field display device based on multi-directional backlighting according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first polarizer array (8) is also provided between the liquid crystal panel (9) near the multi-directional backlight (1) and the diffuser plate (7). The liquid crystal panel (9) near the human eye (11) has a second polarizer array (10) on the side facing the human eye (11).

3. A multilayer liquid crystal light field display method based on multi-directional backlighting, wherein the display is performed using the display device described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The light field to be displayed is processed into multiple two-dimensional images, the number of which is the same as the number of layers of the liquid crystal panel (9); Different liquid crystal panels (9) can display different two-dimensional images; The multi-directional backlight (1) is made to emit light in different directions at different times.

4. The multilayer liquid crystal light field display method based on multi-directional backlighting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light field to be displayed is processed into multiple two-dimensional images, specifically: When the multi-directional backlight (1) emits the first When light comes from the direction of the first direction, the first... The pattern on each LCD panel (9) is The reconstructed light field for: ； in, The light intensity emitted by the multi-directional backlight (1) is as follows: Solving the least squares problem ,in, The light field to be displayed; The solution to the least squares problem is used as the two-dimensional image.

5. The multilayer liquid crystal light field display method based on multi-directional backlighting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-directional backlight (1) emits light in different directions at different times, specifically as follows: The length of each time period is seconds, of which, The number of directions in which the multi-directional backlight (1) emits light; The multi-directional backlight (1) is made to periodically emit light in different directions.

Images