Measuring device and measuring method
By controlling the axial extension length of the spring and the design of the components, the driving force is quantified, solving the problem of difficult force control in bearing axial clearance measurement, and realizing accurate axial clearance measurement and on-site quality improvement.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA GENERAL NUCLEAR POWER OPERATION
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing bearing axial clearance measuring devices have difficulty controlling the force applied to the outer ring of the bearing, making it difficult to measure the axial clearance that is consistent with the actual working conditions, thus affecting the quality of on-site work.
A measuring device is used to quantify the force provided by the drive assembly to the outer ring by controlling the axial extension length of the first spring and the second spring, including the transmission component, the first spring, the second spring, the first adjusting component, and the second adjusting component, to ensure that the applied force is consistent with the actual working conditions.
It achieves precise control of the force acting on the outer ring of the bearing, and can measure the axial clearance consistent with the actual working conditions under offline conditions, thereby improving the quality of on-site work and the accuracy of bearing data.
Smart Images
Figure CN120890345B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to measuring devices and measuring methods. Background Technology
[0002] Axial clearance of a bearing is the total distance that the outer ring of the bearing can move axially relative to the inner ring. Two rows of angular contact ball bearings can be used on the non-drive end of a motor. After installation, a certain axial clearance must be ensured. If the axial clearance is too small or zero, the angular contact ball bearings will generate heat during operation, causing them to operate at high temperatures, which will severely affect their lifespan. If the axial clearance is too large, the motor rotor will experience vibration failure, further affecting the bearing's lifespan and the motor's safety.
[0003] In related technologies, bearing clearance measuring devices can be used to measure the axial clearance of bearings. A bearing clearance measuring device may include a lead screw and a dial indicator. The bearing is mounted on a pump shaft, and a force is applied to the outer ring of the bearing via the lead screw to move the outer ring relative to the inner ring. The axial clearance of the bearing is then obtained using a dial indicator.
[0004] However, during the measurement of bearing axial clearance, the force applied to the outer ring of the bearing is not easy to control, making it difficult to measure the bearing axial clearance under conditions consistent with actual working conditions, thus reducing the quality of on-site work. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a measuring device and a measuring method. The force applied to the outer ring by the measuring device is easy to control, so as to measure the bearing axial clearance under conditions consistent with the actual working conditions, effectively ensuring and improving the quality of on-site work.
[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a measuring device for measuring the axial clearance of a bearing, the bearing including an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring being sleeved outside the inner ring; the measuring device includes:
[0007] The base is used to pass through the inner ring, and the inner ring and the base are relatively stationary along the axial direction of the bearing;
[0008] The fixing element is located on one side of the bearing along the axial direction of the bearing and is connected to the base;
[0009] The drive assembly includes a transmission component, a first spring, a second spring, a first adjusting component, and a second adjusting component. The transmission component is connected to the outer ring and is movably connected to the fixed component along the axial direction of the bearing. The transmission component extends along the axial direction of the bearing. The first spring and the second spring are both sleeved on the outside of the transmission component. The first adjusting component is located on the side of the fixed component away from the bearing, and the second adjusting component is located on the side of the fixed component facing the bearing. Both the first adjusting component and the second adjusting component can move towards or away from the fixed component. The two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the first adjusting component and the fixed component, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the second adjusting component and the fixed component.
[0010] The measuring device provided in this application embodiment can control the magnitude and direction of the first elastic force and the second elastic force by controlling the extension length of the first spring and the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing, thereby controlling the magnitude and direction of the force provided by the drive assembly to the outer ring. This allows the force applied by the drive assembly to the outer ring to be quantified, making it easier to control the force applied to the outer ring by the measuring device. It can apply the force under actual working conditions to the outer ring, measure the axial clearance under conditions consistent with actual working conditions, and improve the quality of on-site work.
[0011] In one embodiment, the stiffness coefficients of the first spring and the second spring are both k, the initial extension lengths of the first spring and the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing are the same, the actual extension length of the first spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L1, the actual extension length of the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L2, the number of drive components is N, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the preset force provided by all drive components to the outer ring is F.
[0012] In the first state, k, F, N, L1, and L2 satisfy the following formula: L1>L2, |L1-L2|=F / (N*k);
[0013] In the second state, k, F, N, L1, and L2 satisfy the following formula: L1 < L2, |L1 - L2| = F / (N*k).
[0014] In one embodiment, the drive assembly includes two first limiting members. The first limiting members are sleeved on the outside of the transmission member and are movably connected to the transmission member along the axial direction of the bearing. The first limiting members are located on the side of the fixing member away from the base. A first spring is located between the two first limiting members. The side of the first limiting member facing the first spring is provided with a first limiting groove, and part of the first spring is located in the first limiting groove.
[0015] And / or, the drive assembly includes two second limiting members, the second limiting members are sleeved on the outside of the transmission member and are movably connected to the transmission member along the axial direction of the bearing, the second limiting members are located on the side of the fixing member facing the base, the second spring is located between the two second limiting members, the side of the second limiting member facing the second spring is provided with a second limiting groove, and part of the second spring is located in the second limiting groove.
[0016] In one embodiment, the base includes a first sub-part and a second sub-part connected together. The first sub-part is disposed on the side of the second sub-part away from the fixing member. The cross-sectional area of the first sub-part is larger than that of the second sub-part along the axial direction perpendicular to the bearing. The second sub-part is used to pass through the inner ring, and the side of the inner ring away from the fixing member abuts against the first sub-part.
[0017] In one embodiment, the measuring device further includes a locking member, the base includes a third sub-part disposed between the second sub-part and the fixing member, and the cross-sectional area of the third sub-part along the axial direction perpendicular to the bearing is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second sub-part. The locking member is sleeved on the third sub-part, and the inner ring abuts against the locking member on the side facing the fixing member; and / or,
[0018] The base includes a third sub-section and a fourth sub-section. The third sub-section is located between the second sub-section and the fixing member, and the fourth sub-section is located between the third sub-section and the fixing member. Along a cross-section perpendicular to the bearing axis, the cross-sectional area of the fourth sub-section is smaller than that of the third sub-section. The fixing member is connected to the fourth sub-section; and / or,
[0019] The inner ring and the second sub-section are fitted with a clearance.
[0020] In one embodiment, the measuring device includes a positioning sleeve for being disposed around the outer periphery of the second sub-part and located between the inner ring and the first sub-part, the inner ring abutting against the first sub-part through the positioning sleeve;
[0021] The number of positioning sleeves is one; or,
[0022] There are multiple locating sleeves, and the dimensions of the multiple locating sleeves along the axial direction of the bearing are different. One of the locating sleeves is located on the outer periphery of the second sub-part.
[0023] In one embodiment, the measuring device includes a mating sleeve for being disposed around the outer periphery of the second sub-part and located between the second sub-part and the inner ring;
[0024] The number of matching sleeves is one; or,
[0025] The number of mating sleeves is multiple, and the inner diameter of the multiple mating sleeves increases sequentially; at least two mating sleeves are sequentially fitted onto the outer periphery of the second sub-part from the inside to the outside, and both are located between the second sub-part and the inner ring.
[0026] In one embodiment, both the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member are threadedly connected to the transmission member; and / or,
[0027] The extension direction of the transmission component is parallel to the extension direction of the bearing axis.
[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a measurement method applied to the measuring apparatus of the first aspect, the measurement method comprising:
[0029] A measuring device is provided; the stiffness coefficients of the first spring and the second spring of the measuring device are both k, the initial extension lengths of the first spring and the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing are the same, the actual extension length of the first spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L1, the actual extension length of the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L2, the number of drive components of the measuring device is N, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the preset force provided by all drive components to the outer ring of the bearing is F.
[0030] Mount the bearing onto the base of the measuring device;
[0031] At least one of the first and second adjusting members of the control measuring device performs a first movement along the axial direction of the bearing to make the outer ring located at a first limit position, and L1 greater than L2, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 equal to F / (N*k), and obtain the first limit position of the outer ring.
[0032] Control at least one of the first and second adjusting members to perform a second movement along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the outer ring is in a second limit position, and L1 is less than L2, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 is equal to F / (N*k), and obtain the second limit position of the outer ring;
[0033] The axial clearance of the bearing is obtained based on the first and second limit positions.
[0034] In one embodiment, before at least one of the first and second adjusting members of the control measuring device performs a first movement along the axial direction of the bearing, the following is included:
[0035] Control at least one of the first and second adjusting members to perform a third movement along the axial direction of the bearing, so that L1 equals L2. Attached Figure Description
[0036] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a bearing mounted on a measuring device, provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0037] Figure 2 The right view of the push-pull cylinder provided in the embodiment of this application.
[0038] Figure 3 The left view of the push-pull cylinder provided in the embodiment of this application.
[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the push-pull cylinder provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first stop member provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0041] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the measurement method provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0043] 110. Base; 111. First sub-part; 112. Second sub-part; 113. Third sub-part; 114. Fourth sub-part; 120. Fixing member; 130. Drive assembly; 131. First spring; 132. Second spring; 133. Transmission member; 1341. First adjusting member; 1342. Second adjusting member; 1351. First limiting member; 1352. Second limiting member; 140. Positioning sleeve; 152. Second connecting member; 153. Third connecting member; 154. Fourth connecting member; 161. First stop member; 162. Second stop member; 170. Push-pull cylinder; 180. Locking member; 200. Bearing; 210. Inner ring; 220. Outer ring. Detailed Implementation
[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0046] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0049] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0050] In related technologies, bearing clearance measuring devices can be used to measure bearing clearance. These devices may include a lead screw and a dial indicator. The dial indicator pointer contacts the outer ring of the bearing. The bearing is mounted on the pump shaft, and the lead screw is connected to the outer ring. A force is applied to the outer ring via the lead screw, causing it to move relative to the inner ring. The outer ring is pushed to a first limit position on one side of the bearing's axial direction, and a first reading is obtained from the dial indicator. The outer ring is then pushed to a second limit position on the other side of the bearing's axial direction, and a second reading is obtained from the dial indicator. The difference between the first and second readings is used to determine the axial clearance of the bearing.
[0051] However, because the force applied by the lead screw to the outer ring of the bearing is difficult to quantify, the magnitude of the force applied to the outer ring is difficult to control. This makes it difficult to apply the same force to the outer ring as under actual operating conditions, and thus difficult to measure the axial clearance under conditions consistent with actual operating conditions, reducing the quality of on-site work. Furthermore, different magnitudes of the force applied to the outer ring will result in variations in the distance the outer ring moves relative to the inner ring.
[0052] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a measuring device and a measuring method. The force applied to the outer ring of the bearing by the measuring device is relatively easy to control, thereby facilitating the measurement of axial clearance under conditions consistent with actual working conditions, effectively ensuring and improving the quality of on-site work.
[0053] The following will combine Figures 1-6 The measuring device and measuring method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.
[0054] This application provides a measuring device for measuring the axial clearance of a bearing 200.
[0055] For example, bearing 200 can be an angular contact ball bearing or other bearing.
[0056] For example, the measuring device can be used to simultaneously measure the axial clearance of at least one bearing 200. When the measuring device is used to simultaneously measure the axial clearance of multiple bearings 200, the multiple bearings 200 are arranged along the bearing axial direction X. In this case, the axial clearance of the assembled multiple bearings 200 can be determined.
[0057] For example, see Figure 1 The bearing 200 includes an outer ring 220 and an inner ring 210, with the outer ring 220 fitted over the outer side of the inner ring 210.
[0058] The measuring device includes a base 110, which is inserted into the inner ring 210 along the axial direction X of the bearing. The inner ring 210 and the base 110 are relatively stationary along the axial direction X of the bearing.
[0059] The measuring device includes a fixing member 120, which is located on one side of the bearing 200 along the axial direction X of the bearing, and the fixing member 120 is connected to the base 110.
[0060] The measuring device includes a drive assembly 130, which includes a transmission component 133, a first spring 131, a second spring 132, a first adjusting component 1341, and a second adjusting component 1342. The transmission component 133 is connected to the outer ring 220 and is movably connected to the fixed component 120 along the bearing axial direction X. The first spring 131 and the second spring 132 are both sleeved on the outside of the transmission component 133. The first adjusting component 1341 is located on the side of the fixed component 120 away from the bearing 200, and the second adjusting component 1342 is located on the side of the fixed component 120 facing the bearing 200. Both the first adjusting component 1341 and the second adjusting component 1342 move towards or away from the fixed component 120. The first spring 131 is located between the first adjusting component 1341 and the fixed component 120, and the second spring 132 is located between the second adjusting component 1342 and the fixed component 120. The transmission component 133 extends along the bearing axial direction X.
[0061] It can be understood that the elastic force of a spring = the stiffness coefficient of the spring * the deformation of the spring, where the deformation of the spring is the length by which the spring extends or shortens. The elastic force provided by the first spring 131 is the first elastic force, the elastic force provided by the second spring 132 is the second elastic force, and the force provided by the drive assembly 130 to the outer ring 220 is the sum of the first and second elastic forces.
[0062] Thus, by controlling the extension length of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 along the bearing's axial direction X, the magnitude and direction of the first and second elastic forces can be controlled, thereby controlling the magnitude and direction of the force provided by the drive assembly 130 to the outer ring 220. This allows the force exerted by the drive assembly 130 on the outer ring 220 to be quantified, making it easier to control the force exerted on the outer ring 220 by the measuring device. This enables the application of forces under actual working conditions to the outer ring 220, allowing for the measurement of axial clearance under conditions consistent with actual working conditions, thus improving on-site work quality. Furthermore, by fixing the bearing 200 to the base 110, there is no need to install the bearing 200 on equipment under actual working conditions for online measurement. This allows for offline measurement of the axial clearance of the bearing 200, verifying the accuracy of the axial clearance data, reducing spare parts uncertainty, and enabling timely adjustments after measurement discrepancies, thereby improving work efficiency.
[0063] It should be noted that, since the axial clearance of bearing 200 can be measured offline, the measuring device provided in this application embodiment can be used to measure the initial clearance of bearing 200. The initial clearance can be the clearance of bearing 200 under a very small force. The initial clearance is closer to the theoretical clearance of bearing 200. By measuring the initial clearance, the accuracy of the axial clearance data of bearing 200 can be better verified.
[0064] For example, the axial clearance measurement process can be as follows: The compression degree of the first spring 131 is greater than that of the second spring 132 by adjusting the first adjusting member 1341 and / or the second adjusting member 1342. The first spring 131 pushes the transmission member 133 to the right, causing the outer ring 220 to move to the rightmost position relative to the inner ring 210. The compression degree of the second spring 132 is greater than that of the first spring 131 by adjusting the first adjusting member 1341 and / or the second adjusting member 1342. The second spring 132 pushes the transmission member 133 to the left, causing the outer ring 220 to move to the leftmost position relative to the inner ring 210. The distance the outer ring 220 moves from the leftmost position to the rightmost position is the axial clearance.
[0065] The compression and tension directions of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 are axial (X) of the bearing.
[0066] It should be noted that the first spring 131 applies a first elastic force along the bearing axial direction X to the transmission component 133 via the first adjusting member 1341, thereby applying a first elastic force to the outer ring 220. The second spring 132 applies a second elastic force along the bearing axial direction X to the transmission component 133 via the second adjusting member 1342, thereby applying a second elastic force to the outer ring 220. The force applied to the outer ring 220 by the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 is mainly determined by the difference in extension length between the first spring 131 and the second spring 132, and is independent of the positions of the transmission component 133, the push-pull cylinder 170, the first stop member 161, and the second stop member 162, thus improving measurement accuracy.
[0067] For example, during the adjustment of the first adjusting member 1341, when the first adjusting member 1341 moves towards or away from the fixed member 120, the first spring 131 can be stretched or compressed. During the adjustment of the second adjusting member 1342, when the second adjusting member 1342 moves towards or away from the fixed member 120, the second spring 132 can be stretched or compressed. During the non-adjustment of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342, the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 can be stationary relative to the fixed member 120. The two ends of the first spring 131 are respectively connected to the first adjusting member 1341 and the fixed member 120 (e.g., they can be in contact, fixedly connected, etc.), and the two ends of the second spring 132 are respectively connected to the second adjusting member 1342 and the fixed member 120 (e.g., they can be in contact, fixedly connected, etc.).
[0068] For example, at least one of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 can be threadedly connected to the transmission member 133. For instance, at least one of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 can be a nut. By rotating the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342, the compression or extension of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 can be adjusted. When the extension lengths of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 along the axial direction X of the bearing are inconsistent, a force can be applied to the outer ring 220 through the transmission member 133.
[0069] For example, the first spring 131 can apply an elastic force to the outer ring 220 in the direction from the first spring 131 to the second spring 132 (the first elastic force is to the left), or the first spring 131 can apply an elastic force to the outer ring 220 in the direction from the second spring 132 to the first spring 131 (the first elastic force is to the right). The second spring 132 can apply an elastic force to the outer ring 220 in the direction from the first spring 131 to the second spring 132 (the second elastic force is to the left), or the second spring 132 can apply an elastic force to the outer ring 220 in the direction from the second spring 132 to the first spring 131 (the second elastic force is to the right). The directions of the first elastic force and the second elastic force can be the same or opposite.
[0070] This application embodiment is illustrated using the example of a first elastic force pointing to the right and a second elastic force pointing to the left. When the first spring 131 is in a compressed state, the first elastic force points to the right. When the second spring 132 is in a compressed state, the second elastic force points to the left.
[0071] For example, the transmission component 133 can be a lead screw.
[0072] For example, the number of drive components 130 is at least one. For instance, the number of drive components 130 can be any number of 1, 2, 3, or greater than or equal to 4. When the number of drive components 130 is multiple, the multiple drive components 130 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the bearing 200.
[0073] It should be noted that the stiffness coefficients of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 may be the same or different, and the initial extension lengths of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 along the bearing axial direction X may be the same or different. The initial extension length of the spring can refer to the extension length in the state where the spring is neither compressed nor stretched. The actual extension length of the spring can refer to the extension length of the spring during the measurement of clearance.
[0074] In some embodiments, the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 in the same drive assembly 130 can be the same spring. The stiffness coefficient of both the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 is k. The initial extension lengths of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 along the bearing axial direction X are the same. The actual extension length of the first spring 131 along the bearing axial direction X is L1, and the actual extension length of the second spring 132 along the bearing axial direction X is L2. The number of drive assemblies 130 is N, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The preset force provided by all drive assemblies 130 to the outer ring 220 is F (the preset force is the sum of the elastic forces provided by all first springs 131 and all second springs 132 to the outer ring 220). The preset force can be the force acting on the outer ring 220 under actual working conditions. Thus, the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 have the same stiffness coefficient and the same initial extension length along the bearing axial direction X, making the adjustment of the force provided by the drive assembly 130 relatively simple.
[0075] In some embodiments, the measuring device includes a first state and a second state. When the measuring device is in the first state, under the action of a preset force, the outer ring 220 moves relative to the inner ring 210 along the bearing axial direction X to a first limit position. When the measuring device is in the second state, under the action of a preset force, the outer ring 220 moves relative to the inner ring 210 along the bearing axial direction X to a second limit position. The first limit position and the second limit position can be two limit positions that the outer ring 220 can move relative to the inner ring 210 along the bearing axial direction X, that is, the leftmost and rightmost positions that the outer ring 220 can reach.
[0076] For example, in the first state, k, F, N, L1 and L2 satisfy the following formula: L1>L2, |L1-L2|=F / (N*k). By adjusting the actual extension length of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132, all drive components 130 can provide a preset force to the outer ring 220, so that the force applied by the drive components 130 to the outer ring 220 can be quantified.
[0077] For example, in the second state, k, F, N, L1 and L2 satisfy the following formula: L1 < L2, |L1-L2| = F / (N*k). By adjusting the actual extension length of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132, all drive components 130 can provide a preset force to the outer ring 220, so that the force exerted by the drive components 130 on the outer ring 220 can be quantified.
[0078] In some embodiments, the drive assembly 130 includes two first limiting members 1351. The first limiting members 1351 are sleeved on the outside of the transmission member 133, and the first limiting members 1351 and the transmission member 133 are movably connected along the bearing axial direction X. The first limiting members 1351 are located on the side of the fixing member 120 away from the base 110. A first spring 131 is located between the two first limiting members 1351. The first limiting members 1351 have a first limiting groove on the side facing the first spring 131, and part of the first spring 131 is located in the first limiting groove. In this way, the first limiting members 1351 can limit the first spring 131, preventing the first spring 131 from moving radially. This is beneficial for the extension and contraction direction of the first spring 131 to be parallel to the bearing axial direction X, so that the force provided by the drive assembly 130 to the outer ring 220 is closer to the preset force.
[0079] For example, the first limiting member 1351 near the first adjusting member 1341 may be fixedly connected to the first adjusting member 1341, or the first limiting member 1351 near the first adjusting member 1341 may not be fixed to the first adjusting member 1341.
[0080] For example, the first limiting member 1351 and the first spring 131 may be fixedly connected, or the first limiting member 1351 and the first spring 131 may not be fixed.
[0081] For example, the first limiting member 1351 near the fixing member 120 may be fixedly connected to the fixing member 120, or the first limiting member 1351 near the fixing member 120 may not be fixed to the fixing member 120.
[0082] In some embodiments, the drive assembly 130 includes two second limiting members 1352. The second limiting members 1352 are sleeved on the outside of the transmission member 133, and are movably connected to the transmission member 133 along the bearing axial direction X. The second limiting members 1352 are located on the side of the fixing member 120 facing the base 110. The second spring 132 is located between the two second limiting members 1352. The side of the second limiting member 1352 facing the second spring 132 has a second limiting groove, and part of the second spring 132 is located in the second limiting groove. In this way, the second limiting members 1352 can limit the second spring 132, preventing the second spring 132 from moving radially. This is beneficial for the extension and contraction direction of the second spring to be parallel to the bearing axial direction X, so that the force provided by the drive assembly 130 to the outer ring 220 is closer to the preset force.
[0083] For example, the second limiting member 1352 near the second adjusting member 1342 may be fixedly connected to the second adjusting member 1342, or the second limiting member 1352 near the second adjusting member 1342 may not be fixed to the second adjusting member 1342.
[0084] For example, the second limiting member 1352 near the fixing member 120 can be fixedly connected to the fixing member 120, or the second limiting member 1352 near the fixing member 120 can be unfixed to the fixing member 120.
[0085] For example, the second limiting member 1352 and the second spring 132 may be fixedly connected, or the second limiting member 1352 and the second spring 132 may not be fixed.
[0086] In some embodiments, the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 are both threadedly connected to the transmission member 133, which can reduce the difficulty of connecting the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 to the transmission member 133, and can also make the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 movable relative to the transmission member 133 along the bearing axial direction X.
[0087] For example, the extension direction of the transmission member 133 is parallel to the extension direction of the axis of the bearing 200, which helps the drive assembly 130 to provide an axial force along the bearing X to the outer ring 220, resulting in higher accuracy of the measured axial clearance.
[0088] In some embodiments, the base 110 includes a first sub-part 111 and a second sub-part 112 connected together. The first sub-part 111 is disposed on the side of the second sub-part 112 opposite to the fixing member 120. Along a cross-section perpendicular to the bearing axial direction X, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-part 111 is larger than that of the second sub-part 112. The second sub-part 112 is used to pass through the inner ring 210, and the side of the inner ring 210 opposite to the fixing member 120 abuts against the first sub-part 111. Thus, the first sub-part 111 can prevent the inner ring 210 from moving along the direction from the first spring 131 to the second spring 132.
[0089] In some embodiments, the measuring device further includes a locking member 180. The base 110 includes a third sub-part 113, which is disposed between the second sub-part 112 and the fixing member 120. Along the axial direction X perpendicular to the bearing, the cross-sectional area of the third sub-part 113 is smaller than that of the second sub-part 112. This smaller cross-sectional area makes it easier for the third sub-part 113 to pass through the inner ring 210, reducing the assembly difficulty of the bearing 200 and the base 110. The locking member 180 is fitted onto the third sub-part 113. The side of the inner ring 210 facing the fixing member 120 abuts against the locking member 180. Thus, the locking member 180 prevents the inner ring 210 from moving along the direction from the second spring 132 to the first spring 131. Through the cooperation of the locking member 180 and the first sub-part 111, the inner ring 210 and the base 110 can be kept relatively stationary along the axial direction X of the bearing, fixing the inner ring 210 to the base 110.
[0090] For example, the locking member 180 and the third sub-part 113 can be threaded together.
[0091] In some embodiments, the base 110 includes a fourth sub-part 114, which is disposed between the third sub-part 113 and the fixing member 120. The cross-sectional area of the fourth sub-part 114 along the axial direction X perpendicular to the bearing is smaller than that of the third sub-part 113. The fixing member 120 is connected to the fourth sub-part 114. Thus, by providing the fourth sub-part 114, it is beneficial to prevent the fixing member 120 and the locking member 180 from interfering with each other. In addition, it also allows sufficient space between the fixing member 120 and the outer ring 220 to accommodate the second spring 132.
[0092] It should be noted that if the inner ring 210 and the base 110 are interference-fitted, the amount of interference between the inner ring 210 and the base 110 will result in a smaller axial clearance.
[0093] In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the second sub-part 112 may be set slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner ring 210 (the size difference is small), and the inner ring 210 and the second sub-part 112 are clearance-fitted, so as to prevent the interference between the inner ring 210 and the base 110 from causing the axial clearance to become smaller.
[0094] In some embodiments, the measuring device includes a positioning sleeve 140, which is arranged around the outside of the second sub-part 112 and is located between the inner ring 210 and the first sub-part 111. In this way, the inner ring 210 abuts against the first sub-part 111 through the positioning sleeve 140, and the positioning sleeve 140 can prevent the inner ring 210 from moving in the direction from the first spring 131 to the second spring 132.
[0095] For example, the number of positioning sleeves 140 is at least one. When the number of positioning sleeves 140 is multiple, the multiple positioning sleeves 140 have different dimensions along the bearing axial direction X. One positioning sleeve 140 is arranged around the outer periphery of the second sub-part 112, and the remaining positioning sleeves 140 may not be installed on the second sub-part 112. In this way, by replacing different positioning sleeves 140, the distance between the positioning sleeve 140 and the locking member 180 can be adjusted, so that the positioning sleeve 140 and the locking member 180 can fix bearings 200 of different sizes (along the bearing axial direction X), or fix different numbers of bearings 200, thereby improving the versatility of the measuring device.
[0096] In some embodiments, the measuring device includes a mating sleeve ( Figure 1 (Not shown in the image) The fitting sleeve is used to surround the outer periphery of the second sub-part 112, and the fitting sleeve is located between the second sub-part 112 and the inner ring 210. In this way, by removing and installing the fitting sleeve, the second sub-part 112 can be adapted to bearings 200 with different inner diameters, thereby improving the versatility of the measuring device.
[0097] For example, the number of mating sleeves is at least one. When the number of mating sleeves is multiple, the inner diameter of the multiple mating sleeves increases sequentially. The number of mating sleeves fitted onto the outer periphery of the second sub-part 112 can be selected as needed. For example, at least one mating sleeve can be selected to be fitted onto the outer periphery of the second sub-part 112. When at least two mating sleeves are selected to be fitted onto the outer periphery of the second sub-part 112, the at least two mating sleeves are sequentially fitted onto the outer periphery of the second sub-part 112 from the inside to the outside. The at least two mating sleeves are both located between the second sub-part 112 and the inner ring 210. Adjacent mating sleeves can fit together, and the innermost mating sleeve can fit together with the second sub-part 112. This helps to prevent the bearing 200 from shaking radially.
[0098] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The measuring device includes a push-pull cylinder 170 sleeved around the outer ring 220 circumferentially. Figures 2-4 ), multiple first stop components 161 ( Figure 5The push-pull cylinder 170 and multiple second stop members 162 are connected to the outer ring 220. Multiple first stop members 161 are fixedly disposed at one end of the push-pull cylinder 170, with the first stop members 161 protruding from the inner wall surface of the push-pull cylinder 170 and abutting against the first end face of the outer ring 220. Multiple second stop members 162 are fixedly disposed at the other end of the push-pull cylinder 170, with the second stop members 162 protruding from the inner wall surface of the push-pull cylinder 170 and abutting against the second end face of the outer ring 220. Thus, the first stop members 161 and the second stop members 162 simultaneously limit the outer ring 220 in both directions. The transmission member 133 is connected to the push-pull cylinder 170 and applies force to the bearing 200 through the push-pull cylinder 170, the first stop members 161, and the second stop members 162.
[0099] For example, the first stop 161 and the second stop 162 are offset along the axial direction X of the bearing.
[0100] In some embodiments, the first stop 161 and the push-pull cylinder 170 can be connected by a first connector. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). For example, both the first stop 161 and the push-pull cylinder 170 are threadedly connected to the first connector.
[0101] In some embodiments, the second stop 162 and the push-pull cylinder 170 can be connected by the second connector 152. For example, both the second stop 162 and the push-pull cylinder 170 are threadedly connected to the second connector 152.
[0102] In some embodiments, the measuring device further includes a third connector 153, which is disposed on at least a portion of the push-pull cylinder 170 on the side opposite to the fixing member 120. The third connector 153 is connected to the transmission member 133. Thus, by providing the third connector 153, it is beneficial to improve the connection stability between the transmission member 133 and the push-pull cylinder 170.
[0103] For example, the push-pull cylinder 170 and the transmission component 133 can be threaded together.
[0104] For example, the third connector 153 and the transmission member 133 can be threaded together.
[0105] In some embodiments, the measuring device further includes a fourth connector 154, through which the fixing member 120 and the fourth sub-part 114 are connected. For example, the fourth sub-part 114 and the fourth connector 154 are threaded together.
[0106] In some embodiments, the measuring device includes a measuring instrument disposed on one side of the outer ring 220, with the test end of the measuring instrument pressing against the end face of the outer ring 220. The measuring instrument is used to measure the distance that the push-pull cylinder 170 moves from a first limit position to a second limit position, which is the axial clearance of the bearing 200.
[0107] In some examples, the measuring instrument may include a dial indicator or a micrometer, allowing for direct readings throughout the measurement process. This eliminates the accumulation of errors from multiple measurements. With a dial indicator, the accuracy can reach 0.01 mm, and with a micrometer, it can reach 0.001 mm, which is on the same order of magnitude as the 200 mm bearing clearance measurement, demonstrating high measurement precision. In other examples, more precise measuring instruments such as coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) may be used.
[0108] In summary, the measuring device provided in this application embodiment is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry and install on site, and easy to operate.
[0109] The measurement method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below.
[0110] This application provides a measurement method for measuring the clearance of a bearing 200, the bearing 200 including an inner ring 210 and an outer ring 220, the outer ring 220 being fitted over the inner ring 210. See also Figure 6 The measurement methods include:
[0111] S100: Provides a measuring device; the stiffness coefficients of the first spring and the second spring of the measuring device are both k, the initial extension lengths of the first spring and the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing are the same, the actual extension length of the first spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L1, the actual extension length of the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L2, the number of drive components of the measuring device is N, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the preset force provided by all drive components to the outer ring of the bearing is F.
[0112] Suppose it is necessary to measure the axial clearance of bearing 200 under a preset force F. The value of |L1-L2| can be calculated as F / (N*k) using F=k|L1-L2|*N. Therefore, the difference in the actual extension lengths of the first spring 131 and the second spring 132 can be calculated as F / (N*k). In this embodiment, a measuring device is used to measure the clearance of bearing 200. The force applied to the outer ring 220 by the drive assembly 130 can be quantified, making the force applied to the bearing 200 by the measuring device easier to control. The device can apply the force under actual working conditions to the outer ring 220, enabling the measurement of the axial clearance under conditions consistent with actual working conditions, thus improving the quality of on-site work.
[0113] For example, the range of the preset force F value can be less than or equal to 10N.
[0114] S200: Mount the bearing onto the base of the measuring device;
[0115] S300: Control at least one of the first and second adjusting members of the measuring device to make a first movement along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the outer ring is in a first limit position, and L1 is greater than L2, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 is equal to F / (N*k), and obtain the first limit position of the outer ring.
[0116] At least one of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 of the control measuring device performs a first movement along the axial direction X of the bearing so that L1 is greater than L2, the transmission member 133 is pushed to the left, and the outer ring 220 is pushed to the left. When the outer ring is at the first limit position and the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 reaches the difference F / (N*k) calculated above, the first limit position of the outer ring 220 under the preset force F is obtained by the measuring instrument, for example, the dial gauge reading A1 is obtained.
[0117] S400: Control at least one of the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member to perform a second movement along the axial direction of the bearing so that the outer ring is in a second limit position, and L1 is less than L2, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 is equal to F / (N*k), and obtain the second limit position of the outer ring 220.
[0118] At least one of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 of the control measuring device performs a second movement along the axial direction X of the bearing so that L1 is less than L2, and the transmission member 133 is pushed to the right, so that the outer ring 220 is pushed to the right. When the outer ring is at the second limit position and the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 reaches the difference F / (N*k) calculated above, the second limit position of the outer ring 220 under the preset force F is obtained by the measuring instrument, for example, the dial gauge reading A2 is obtained.
[0119] S500: Obtain the axial clearance of bearing 200 based on the first and second limit positions.
[0120] Based on the dial indicator readings A1 and A2, calculate the change in the dial indicator reading A2-A1, where A2-A1 is the axial clearance of bearing 200 under the action of the preset force F.
[0121] For example, by repeating steps S300-S500 multiple times to measure the axial clearance and calculating the average value of the multiple axial clearance measurements, the accuracy of the obtained axial clearance can be improved and the error of the obtained axial clearance can be reduced.
[0122] In some embodiments, before at least one of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 of the control measuring device performs a first movement along the axial direction X of the bearing, the following is included:
[0123] At least one of the first adjusting member 1341 and the second adjusting member 1342 is controlled to make a third movement along the bearing axial direction X, so that L1 equals L2. Thus, before measuring the bearing clearance, the outer ring 220 of the bearing 200 is not subjected to force, which helps to extend the service life of the bearing 200. Then, a dial indicator is installed on at least one side of the outer ring 220 along the bearing axial direction X, and the dial indicator needle can point perpendicularly to the outer ring 220.
[0124] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0125] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A measuring device, characterized in that, A device for measuring the axial clearance of a bearing, the bearing comprising an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring being fitted over the outer side of the inner ring; the measuring device comprises: A base for inserting into the inner ring, wherein the inner ring and the base are relatively stationary along the axial direction of the bearing; A fixing member is provided on one side of the bearing along the axial direction of the bearing and is connected to the base; A drive assembly includes a transmission component, a first spring, a second spring, a first adjusting component, and a second adjusting component. The transmission component is connected to the outer ring and is movably connected to the fixing component along the axial direction of the bearing. The transmission component extends along the axial direction of the bearing. The first spring and the second spring are both sleeved on the outside of the transmission component. The first adjusting component is located on the side of the fixing component away from the bearing, and the second adjusting component is located on the side of the fixing component facing the bearing. Both the first adjusting component and the second adjusting component are capable of moving towards or away from the fixing component. The two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the first adjusting component and the fixing component, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the second adjusting component and the fixing component. The stiffness coefficients of the first spring and the second spring are both k. The initial extension lengths of the first spring and the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing are the same. The actual extension length of the first spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L1, and the actual extension length of the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L2. The number of drive components is N, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The preset force provided by all drive components to the outer ring is F. In the first state, k, F, N, L1, and L2 satisfy the following formula: L1>L2, |L1-L2|=F / (N*k); In the second state, k, F, N, L1, and L2 satisfy the following formula: L1 < L2, |L1 - L2| = F / (N*k); The drive assembly includes two first limiting members. The first limiting members are sleeved on the outside of the transmission member and are movably connected to the transmission member along the axial direction of the bearing. The first limiting members are located on the side of the fixing member away from the base. The first spring is located between the two first limiting members. The first limiting members have a first limiting groove on the side facing the first spring, and part of the first spring is located in the first limiting groove. And / or, the drive assembly includes two second limiting members, the second limiting members being sleeved on the outside of the transmission member and movably connected to the transmission member along the axial direction of the bearing, the second limiting members being disposed on the side of the fixing member facing the base, the second spring being disposed between the two second limiting members, the second limiting members being provided with a second limiting groove on the side of the second limiting member facing the second spring, and a portion of the second spring being disposed in the second limiting groove.
2. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes a first sub-part and a second sub-part connected together. The first sub-part is located on the side of the second sub-part away from the fixing member. In a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the bearing, the cross-sectional area of the first sub-part is larger than that of the second sub-part. The second sub-part is used to pass through the inner ring. The side of the inner ring away from the fixing member abuts against the first sub-part.
3. The measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes a locking element. The base includes a third sub-part disposed between the second sub-part and the fixing element. Along a cross-section perpendicular to the bearing axial direction, the cross-sectional area of the third sub-part is smaller than that of the second sub-part. The locking element is sleeved on the third sub-part, and the inner ring abuts against the locking element on the side facing the fixing element; and / or, The base includes a third sub-part and a fourth sub-part. The third sub-part is disposed between the second sub-part and the fixing member, and the fourth sub-part is disposed between the third sub-part and the fixing member. Along a cross-section perpendicular to the bearing axial direction, the cross-sectional area of the fourth sub-part is smaller than that of the third sub-part. The fixing member is connected to the fourth sub-part; and / or, The inner ring and the second sub-part are fitted with a clearance.
4. The measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring device includes a positioning sleeve, which is used to surround the outer periphery of the second sub-part and is located between the inner ring and the first sub-part. The inner ring abuts against the first sub-part through the positioning sleeve. The number of positioning sleeves is one; or... The number of positioning sleeves is multiple, and the dimensions of the multiple positioning sleeves along the axial direction of the bearing are different, with one of the positioning sleeves being arranged around the outer periphery of the second sub-part.
5. The measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring device includes a fitting sleeve, which is used to surround the outer periphery of the second sub-part and is located between the second sub-part and the inner ring; The number of the mating sleeves is one; or... The number of the mating sleeves is multiple, and the inner diameter of the multiple mating sleeves increases sequentially; at least two of the mating sleeves are sequentially fitted onto the outer periphery of the second sub-part from the inside to the outside, and are all located between the second sub-part and the inner ring.
6. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member are threadedly connected to the transmission member; and / or, The extension direction of the transmission component is parallel to the extension direction of the axis of the bearing.
7. A measurement method, characterized in that, The measuring method, applied to the measuring apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, comprises: The measuring device is provided; the stiffness coefficient of the first spring and the second spring of the measuring device are both k, the initial extension length of the first spring and the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing is the same, the actual extension length of the first spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L1, the actual extension length of the second spring along the axial direction of the bearing is L2, the number of drive components of the measuring device is N, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the preset force provided by all drive components to the outer ring of the bearing is F; The bearing is mounted on the base of the measuring device; The measuring device controls at least one of the first and second adjusting members to make a first movement along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the outer ring is located at a first limit position, and L1 is greater than L2, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 is equal to F / (N*k), and obtains the first limit position of the outer ring. Control at least one of the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member to perform a second movement along the axial direction of the bearing, so that the outer ring is in a second extreme position, and L1 is less than L2, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 is equal to F / (N*k), and obtain the second extreme position of the outer ring; The axial clearance of the bearing is obtained based on the first limit position and the second limit position.
8. The measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before at least one of the first and second adjusting members of the measuring device performs a first movement along the axial direction of the bearing, the following is included: Control at least one of the first adjusting member and the second adjusting member to perform a third movement along the axial direction of the bearing, so that L1 is equal to L2.