A method, equipment, and medium for simulating electromagnetic radiation emissions at the vehicle level.

Abstract

This application discloses a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method, device, and medium, belonging to the field of vehicle electronics and electromagnetic compatibility technology. It addresses the problem of low accuracy in vehicle electromagnetic field simulation caused by traditional simulation methods. The method includes: performing layered modeling of the vehicle based on its structural information to construct a vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; conducting structural strength analysis of the vehicle and correcting the electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results; dividing the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model into a global region and a local high-precision region according to the electromagnetic field strength distribution, and setting different simulation solving algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solving; configuring excitation sources and boundary conditions for the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; performing electromagnetic radiation emission simulation on the configured vehicle electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation solving; and optimizing the vehicle based on the obtained simulation results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle electronics and electromagnetic compatibility technology, and in particular to a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method, equipment and medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerating trends of intelligentization, electrification, and connectivity, automobiles integrate a large number of high-frequency, high-speed, and high-voltage electronic devices and complex wiring networks, making the electromagnetic environment inside and outside vehicles increasingly complex. Due to the enhanced multi-source and multi-path electromagnetic coupling effects, the problem of electromagnetic radiation emission at the vehicle level is becoming increasingly prominent. Exceeding the standard level of radiation emission can lead to wireless communication failure, sensor malfunctions, and even endanger driving safety, thus becoming one of the key factors restricting the safe, reliable, and compliant launch of the next generation of automobiles.

[0003] Currently, the main verification method for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) radiated emissions of vehicles still relies on semi-anechoic chamber testing of actual vehicles. This method has many drawbacks, such as high manufacturing / modification costs, long testing cycles, difficulty in troubleshooting and localization, and low rectification efficiency. Moreover, traditional simulation methods use a single simulation software to solve for the electromagnetic strength of the entire vehicle, which can only consider the main electronic and electrical components in the vehicle and perform a rough analysis based on the test parameters. When faced with the current situation of the huge vehicle structure, numerous electronic units, complex wiring harness distribution, diverse electromagnetic field coupling paths, and variable operating conditions, the simulation accuracy of the vehicle's electromagnetic field is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method, equipment, and medium to solve the following technical problem: Traditional simulation methods have low accuracy in simulating the electromagnetic field of a vehicle when faced with the current situation of a huge vehicle structure, numerous electronic units, complex wiring harness distribution, diverse electromagnetic field coupling paths, and variable operating conditions.

[0005] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] This application provides a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method. It includes: constructing a vehicle electromagnetic simulation model by performing layered modeling based on vehicle structural information; conducting vehicle structural strength analysis using the constructed vehicle strength analysis model, and correcting the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results; dividing the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model into a global region and a local high-precision region according to the electromagnetic field strength distribution, and setting different simulation solving algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solving; configuring excitation sources and boundary conditions for the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; performing electromagnetic radiation emission simulation solving on the configured vehicle electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation solving; and optimizing the vehicle based on the obtained simulation results.

[0007] This application's embodiments modify the electromagnetic simulation model based on the vehicle's strength analysis results, considering the impact of structural deformation under actual vehicle conditions to make the model closely resemble the real state and improve the accuracy of electromagnetic simulation. Secondly, it divides global and local high-precision regions and configures different algorithms to balance global simulation efficiency with accuracy in key local areas, achieving unified field quantities through collaborative solving and reducing reliance on experiments. Excitation sources are configured according to actual parameters, combined with open absorbing boundaries and internal material characteristics to recreate the real electromagnetic environment and ensure the accuracy of simulation excitation and boundary conditions. Simulation results are obtained through collaborative solving, extracting field strength at typical points and analyzing radiation hotspots to accurately locate problems, providing a clear direction for vehicle optimization and improving rectification efficiency and compliance.

[0008] In one implementation of this application, a layered modeling of the entire vehicle is performed based on the vehicle's structural information to construct an electromagnetic simulation model of the entire vehicle. Specifically, this includes: performing physical structure layer modeling based on the 3D CAD data in the vehicle's structural information, and assigning values ​​to the model according to actual material parameters; wherein, the physical structure layer modeling includes at least modeling the body, chassis, compartment, gaps, holes, and connection points; performing wiring harness modeling based on the vehicle's electrical schematic diagram and wiring harness engineering layout diagram, and performing circuit equivalent electromagnetic source modeling for the pre-installed electronic devices in the vehicle; and performing excitation modeling based on pre-installed vehicle operating conditions, setting time-domain excitation signals or frequency-domain excitation signals corresponding to each interference source.

[0009] In one implementation of this application, a vehicle structural strength analysis is performed using a constructed vehicle strength analysis model. Based on the analysis results, the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model is corrected. Specifically, this includes: analyzing the vehicle strength analysis model using pre-set structural analysis software, with the analysis condition being vertical -1g, and marking the vehicle shape boundary in the vehicle strength analysis model using PLOTEL lines; outputting the vehicle displacement cloud map corresponding to the vertical -1g condition, and exporting the coordinates of the deformed PLOTEL lines in the vehicle displacement cloud map; and importing the vehicle model composed of the deformed PLOTEL lines into the mesh-updated vehicle electromagnetic simulation model to correct and fit the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model.

[0010] In one implementation of this application, different simulation algorithms are set for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solving. Specifically, this includes: solving the electromagnetic field of the global region using a first electromagnetic field solving software to output the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region; wherein the first electromagnetic simulation software adopts the fast multipole algorithm or the boundary element method algorithm, and uses the vehicle's high-voltage wiring harness as the excitation source; using the electromagnetic field strength output by the first electromagnetic field solving software as the equivalent excitation source; based on the equivalent excitation source and the excitation parameters corresponding to the local high-precision region, solving the electromagnetic field of the local high-precision region using a second electromagnetic field solving software to output the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region; wherein the second electromagnetic simulation software adopts the finite element algorithm or the finite-difference time-domain algorithm; using the electromagnetic field strength output by the second electromagnetic field solving software as the equivalent excitation source of the model interface in the global region simulation, and resolving the electromagnetic field distribution of the global region and the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region based on the excitation of the vehicle's high-voltage wiring harness, until the output of the vehicle's electromagnetic field strength converges to meet the preset conditions, and the iteration stops.

[0011] In one implementation of this application, the modified vehicle electromagnetic simulation model is configured with excitation source and boundary conditions. Specifically, this includes: configuring the output signal characteristics of the modified vehicle electromagnetic simulation model according to the operating parameters of the preset radiation source in the actual operating conditions of the vehicle; wherein the preset radiation source includes at least an inverter, a battery management system, and a DC / DC module, and the output signal characteristics include at least output current, output voltage, and harmonic distribution; applying an open absorption boundary to the outside of the vehicle; and configuring the features of different material interfaces, grounding, and contact points inside the vehicle; wherein the feature configuration includes at least conductivity configuration, contact resistance configuration, shielding configuration, and isolation configuration.

[0012] In one implementation of this application, the vehicle is optimized based on the obtained simulation results, specifically including: determining the main radiation channels through multi-index feature vectors; wherein the main radiation channels are related to electromagnetic energy intensity or leakage intensity; and extracting and analyzing the field strength data of preset test points.

[0013] In one implementation of this application, the main radiation channel is determined by a multi-index feature vector, specifically including: determining the field strength parameters corresponding to each spatial point in a preset region based on the obtained simulation results; wherein the field strength parameters include at least the field strength amplitude, field strength energy flux density, field strength energy density, field strength orientation angle, and field strength gradient; constructing a field strength feature vector based on the field strength parameters; and determining the main radiation channel corresponding to the whole vehicle through the statistical characteristics corresponding to the field strength feature vector; wherein the statistical characteristics include at least high value characteristics and gradient abrupt change characteristics.

[0014] In one implementation of this application, the field strength data of preset test points is extracted and analyzed, specifically including: extracting radiation field strength and spectrum distribution data at preset test points on the whole vehicle; wherein, the preset test points include a preset distance outside the vehicle, the driver's cabin inside the vehicle, and the wiring harness port; comparing the extracted radiation field strength and spectrum distribution data with preset limits; and generating a 3D radiation directionality map around the vehicle based on the spatial field distribution obtained by electromagnetic field simulation, and determining the corresponding radiation hotspots of the whole vehicle through the 3D radiation directionality map; and optimizing the whole vehicle based on the comparison results and radiation hotspots.

[0015] This application provides a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to: perform layered modeling of the vehicle based on the vehicle's structural information to construct a vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; perform structural strength analysis of the vehicle using the constructed vehicle strength analysis model, and correct the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results; divide the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model into a global region and a local high-precision region according to the electromagnetic field strength distribution, and set different simulation solution algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solution; configure excitation sources and boundary conditions for the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; perform electromagnetic radiation emission simulation solution on the configured vehicle electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation solution, and optimize the vehicle based on the obtained simulation results.

[0016] This application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. These instructions are configured to: perform layered modeling of the entire vehicle based on its structural information to construct an electromagnetic simulation model; conduct structural strength analysis of the entire vehicle using the constructed vehicle strength analysis model, and correct the electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results; divide the corrected electromagnetic simulation model into a global region and a local high-precision region according to the electromagnetic field strength distribution, and set different simulation solving algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solving; configure excitation sources and boundary conditions for the corrected electromagnetic simulation model; perform electromagnetic radiation emission simulation solving on the configured electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation solving; and optimize the entire vehicle based on the obtained simulation results.

[0017] The at least one technical solution adopted in this application embodiment can achieve the following beneficial effects: This application embodiment corrects the electromagnetic simulation model based on the vehicle strength analysis results, considering the influence of structural deformation under actual vehicle conditions, making the model fit the actual state and improving the accuracy of electromagnetic simulation. Secondly, it divides global and local high-precision regions and configures different algorithms, balancing global simulation efficiency with the accuracy of key local regions, achieving unified field quantities through collaborative solving, and reducing dependence on experiments. It configures excitation sources according to actual parameters, combining open absorbing boundaries and internal material characteristics to restore the real electromagnetic environment, ensuring the accuracy of simulation excitation and boundary conditions. Through collaborative solving, it obtains simulation results, extracts the field strength of typical points, analyzes radiation hotspots, accurately locates problems, provides a clear direction for vehicle optimization, and improves rectification efficiency and compliance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart of a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method provided for embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A simplified EMC simulation structure model for a light truck provided in this application embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 This application provides a partial wiring harness path diagram in a vehicle.

[0022] Figure 4 A type of wire harness and a circuit connection diagram provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second-order RC equivalent circuit model of a power battery is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram of the PLOTEL line command for marking the shape of a vehicle in model processing.

[0025] Figure 7 A field strength curve for a vehicle EMC simulation point is provided in this embodiment of the application;

[0026] Figure 8 A near-field EMC simulation radiation map of a vehicle provided in this application embodiment;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 200: Vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation equipment; 201: Processor; 202: Memory. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This application provides a method, equipment, and medium for simulating electromagnetic radiation emissions at the vehicle level.

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] The technical solutions proposed in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 A flowchart of a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the simulation method for electromagnetic radiation emission at the vehicle level includes the following steps:

[0034] S101. Based on the vehicle's structural information, perform layered modeling of the entire vehicle to construct an electromagnetic simulation model of the entire vehicle.

[0035] In one implementation of this application, physical structure layer modeling is performed based on 3D CAD data from the vehicle's structural information, and the model is assigned values ​​according to actual material parameters. The physical structure layer modeling includes at least modeling the vehicle body, chassis, compartment, gaps, holes, and connection points. Based on the vehicle's electrical schematic diagram and wiring harness engineering layout diagram, wiring harness modeling is performed, as well as circuit equivalent electromagnetic source modeling for pre-installed electronic devices in the vehicle. Based on pre-set vehicle operating conditions, time-domain excitation signals or frequency-domain excitation signals corresponding to each interference source are set, and excitation modeling is performed.

[0036] Specifically, physical structure layer modeling includes: establishing a detailed physical geometric model based on 3D CAD data, including the vehicle body, chassis, cabin, gaps, holes, connection points, etc. Figure 2This application provides a simplified EMC simulation structural model for a light truck, assigning actual material parameters, such as conductivity and magnetic permeability, to each structure within the simulation model. Furthermore, localized, in-depth modeling is required for high-risk areas such as the battery compartment, engine compartment, and powertrain area.

[0037] Furthermore, the wiring harness modeling in this embodiment includes: constructing the main wiring harness, branch wiring harnesses (high voltage, low voltage, signal lines, shielded lines, etc.) and their three-dimensional laying paths according to the vehicle electrical schematic diagram and wiring harness engineering layout diagram. Figure 3 This application provides a partial wiring harness path diagram in a vehicle. Figure 4 A wire harness type and circuit connection diagram provided for embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, a corresponding path diagram can be constructed using wiring harnesses within the vehicle, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the wire harness types mainly include single-core wire, twisted pair, complex wire harness, and shielded wire harness. The connecting components in the wire harness circuit mainly include the port (i.e., internal resistance R), which is mainly used for excitation loading and can apply current, voltage, or other excitations. This application embodiment also models the equivalent electromagnetic source circuits of major electronic devices, such as ECUs, inverters, and battery packs, and defines the excitation parameters under typical operating conditions. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second-order RC equivalent circuit model of a power battery is provided for an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, R0 is the internal resistance of the battery, and R3 is the resistance of the internal wires of the battery. R0 and R3 affect the instantaneous voltage drop of the battery and need to be assigned values ​​according to the actual parameters of the battery. The two RC branches represent second-order RC circuits, namely the R1C1 branch and the R2C2 branch. These two RC branches can be used to simulate the hysteresis and diffusion phenomena in the charge transfer process inside the battery, that is, the polarization effect at different time scales inside the battery. R1C1 usually corresponds to a faster polarization process, while R2C2 corresponds to a slower polarization process.

[0038] Furthermore, the excitation modeling includes defining time-domain / frequency-domain excitation signals for each interference source, such as switching pulses, current harmonics, common-mode noise, and radio frequency signals, for different typical vehicle operating conditions, such as driving, braking, acceleration, and charging, to form an integrated operating condition-excitation-load model.

[0039] S102. Perform structural strength analysis of the whole vehicle by building a whole vehicle strength analysis model, and correct the whole vehicle electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results.

[0040] In one implementation of this application, a pre-built structural analysis software is used to analyze the vehicle strength analysis model under a vertical -1g condition. The vehicle shape boundaries are marked using PLOTEL lines in the vehicle strength analysis model. A vehicle displacement cloud map corresponding to the vertical -1g condition is output, and the coordinates of the deformed PLOTEL lines in the vehicle displacement cloud map are exported. The vehicle model composed of the deformed PLOTEL lines is then imported into the mesh-updated vehicle electromagnetic simulation model to correct and fit the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model.

[0041] Specifically, in electromagnetic field simulation analysis, the actual state of the model will differ from the design state due to factors such as vehicle load and operating conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model in conjunction with structural analysis. First, a vehicle strength analysis model is built, and NASTRAN software is used for vehicle structural strength analysis under a vertical -1g operating condition. The vehicle shape boundaries in the vehicle strength analysis model are marked with PLOTEL lines. Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram of a PLOTEL line command for marking the shape of a vehicle in model processing, as shown in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the output is a vehicle displacement cloud map under the vertical -1g condition. After the simulation, the PLOTEL coordinates in the exported cloud map are used to replace the PLOTEL coordinates in the original model, thereby obtaining an accurate state model of the vehicle under the vertical -1g condition.

[0042] Furthermore, since the electromagnetic simulation model has a coarse mesh, the whole vehicle structural analysis model cannot be used directly. Therefore, the whole vehicle model composed of deformed PLOTEL lines needs to be imported into the coarse whole vehicle electromagnetic simulation model. The whole vehicle electromagnetic simulation model is then corrected and fitted according to the shape of the PLOTELs to obtain the whole vehicle electromagnetic simulation model under the vertical -1g condition. Subsequent electromagnetic simulation analysis can then be performed in the corrected model.

[0043] The embodiments of this application perform structural and electromagnetic coupling simulation using the above method, which can accurately correct the body shape, hole size, shielding position, etc. caused by deformation in the actual working conditions of the vehicle, thereby obtaining an electromagnetic simulation model that conforms to reality and improving the accuracy of electromagnetic simulation.

[0044] S103. Based on the electromagnetic field strength distribution, the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model is divided into a global region and a local high-precision region. Different simulation solution algorithms are set for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform simulation collaborative solution.

[0045] In one implementation of this application, a first electromagnetic field solving software is used to solve the electromagnetic field of the global region, outputting the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of a local high-precision region. The first electromagnetic simulation software employs a fast multipole algorithm or a boundary element method, using the vehicle's high-voltage wiring harness as the excitation source. The electromagnetic field strength output by the first electromagnetic field solving software is used as an equivalent excitation source. Based on the equivalent excitation source and the excitation parameters corresponding to the local high-precision region, a second electromagnetic field solving software is used to solve the electromagnetic field of the local high-precision region, outputting the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region. The second electromagnetic simulation software employs a finite element method or a finite-difference time-domain method. The electromagnetic field strength output by the second electromagnetic field solving software is used as an equivalent excitation source for the model interface in the global region simulation. Based on the excitation of the vehicle's high-voltage wiring harness, the electromagnetic field distribution of the global region and the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region are re-solved until the output electromagnetic field strength of the entire vehicle converges to meet a preset condition, at which point the iteration stops.

[0046] Furthermore, current technologies that use single simulation software to solve for the electromagnetic strength of a vehicle typically suffer from low computational accuracy, poor computational efficiency, the need to combine experimental testing to extract parameters, and an inability to comprehensively consider the electrical system. Moreover, they can only provide a rough analysis of the main electronic and electrical systems in the vehicle, combined with experimental parameters. Therefore, single-software electromagnetic simulation of a vehicle is difficult to play an effective role in the overall vehicle design phase.

[0047] This application's embodiments first divide the vehicle model into a global region and a local high-precision region based on the distribution of the vehicle's electromagnetic field strength, i.e., structural complexity. The cab, frame, cargo box, and other structures belong to the global region. The metal shells of high-pressure systems such as the multi-in-one system and the air pump system belong to the local high-precision region.

[0048] Specifically, the method for performing collaborative simulation solving by setting different simulation algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region in this embodiment includes the following steps one to three:

[0049] Step 1: The electromagnetic field of the whole vehicle model is solved using ATAIR FEKO software. Efficient algorithms such as the fast multipole algorithm and boundary element method are used. The excitation source is the high-voltage wiring harness of the whole vehicle, and the electromagnetic field strength of the housing of high-voltage systems such as multi-in-one and air pump is output.

[0050] Step Two: Refine the solution of the high-voltage system in ANSYS HFSS software. The housings of high-voltage systems such as the all-in-one unit and air pump are used as the interface surfaces of the vehicle's electromagnetic field model. The electromagnetic field strength of the housings of these high-voltage systems is extracted in Step One and used as one of the inputs to the local refined system model. ANSYS HFSS software is used to solve for the electromagnetic field strength of these high-voltage systems using high-precision algorithms such as the finite element method and the finite-difference time-domain method. One input is the electromagnetic field strength of the interface surface extracted from the vehicle model, which serves as the equivalent excitation source. Simultaneously, equivalent circuits for each high-voltage system need to be created in the space corresponding to each high-voltage system in ANSYS HFSS software. Based on the operating conditions and the circuit schematics of each high-voltage system, corresponding current and voltage excitations are applied to the equivalent circuits. The electromagnetic field strength of the housings, i.e., the interface surfaces, of each high-voltage system is output in ANSYS HFSS software.

[0051] Step 3: The electromagnetic field strength of the system housing output in Step 2 is then used as the equivalent excitation source of the mating surface in the vehicle model. It is applied to the electromagnetic field strength analysis of the vehicle model in ATAIR FEKO software. Combined with the excitation of the high-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle, the electromagnetic field strength of the mating surface is calculated again in the vehicle model.

[0052] Furthermore, the electromagnetic field strength of the joint surface calculated in step three is applied to the system model refinement simulation in step two, and the electromagnetic field strength of the joint surface in the system model is output again. The simulation calculations of steps two and three are repeated multiple times until the final electromagnetic field strength of the whole vehicle converges to a stable state, thus obtaining the whole vehicle electromagnetic field simulation results with accurate model, comprehensive excitation, and high calculation accuracy.

[0053] S104. Configure the excitation source and boundary conditions for the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model.

[0054] In one implementation of this application, the output signal characteristics of the modified vehicle electromagnetic simulation model are configured according to the operating parameters corresponding to a preset radiation source under actual vehicle operating conditions. The preset radiation source includes at least an inverter, a battery management system, and a DC / DC module, and the output signal characteristics include at least output current, output voltage, and harmonic distribution. Furthermore, an open absorbing boundary is applied to the exterior of the vehicle. Additionally, different material interfaces, grounding points, and contact points within the vehicle are characterized; these characteristic configurations include at least conductivity configuration, contact resistance configuration, shielding configuration, and isolation configuration.

[0055] Specifically, when configuring the excitation source, this embodiment defines the signal characteristics such as output current, voltage, and harmonic distribution of the main radiation sources under actual operating conditions, such as inverters, battery management systems, and DC / DC modules, to achieve precise excitation. Voltage mainly includes the reference value of DC voltage, the amplitude of AC voltage, operating frequency, and phase angle. Current mainly includes the bias value of DC current, the amplitude of AC current, and the frequency of AC signal. Harmonics include the order of harmonics, the amplitude of the corresponding order, phase, and harmonic frequency (order multiplied by the fundamental frequency). The data mainly comes from test data of actual equipment or parameters provided in technical manuals.

[0056] Furthermore, when handling boundary conditions, this embodiment applies open absorbing boundaries, such as PML (Perfectly Matched Layers) and ABC (Absorbing Boundary Condition), to the outside of the vehicle to prevent reflection interference with simulation accuracy. Internally, different material interfaces and grounding / contact points are assigned characteristics such as conductivity, contact resistance, shielding, and isolation to ensure accurate reproduction of the actual scenario.

[0057] S105. Through simulation collaborative solution, electromagnetic radiation emission simulation solution is performed on the configured whole vehicle electromagnetic simulation model. Based on the obtained simulation results, the whole vehicle is optimized.

[0058] In one implementation of this application, electromagnetic radiation emission simulation is performed on the configured vehicle electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation to identify and quantitatively analyze the radiation emission channels. This includes: determining the main radiation channels using multi-index feature vectors; wherein the main radiation channels are related to electromagnetic energy intensity or leakage intensity; and extracting and analyzing field strength data from preset test points.

[0059] Specifically, when determining the main radiation channels using multi-index feature vectors, the field strength parameters corresponding to each spatial point within a preset region are determined based on the obtained simulation results. These field strength parameters include at least the field strength amplitude, field strength energy flux density, field strength energy density, field strength orientation angle, and field strength gradient. Field strength feature vectors are then constructed based on these parameters. The main radiation channels corresponding to the entire vehicle are determined through the statistical characteristics corresponding to these field strength feature vectors; these statistical characteristics include at least high-value features and gradient abrupt change features.

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment, the simulation outputs the internal / external electric and magnetic fields of the vehicle, and uses field strength gradient and energy flux density analysis methods to automatically screen out the main radiation channels, such as the path from wiring harness to vehicle body to antenna to gap. Specifically, radiation paths are often accompanied by local field enhancement or gradient abrupt changes; these local gradient abrupt changes are potential leakage points, therefore, field strength gradient analysis can be used to screen for main radiation channels. Similarly, if energy flux density analysis is used to screen for main radiation channels, high energy flux density regions correspond to the main radiation or leakage channels.

[0061] Furthermore, after electromagnetic field simulation, the field strength at each point in space can be obtained. Based on the set region of interest, such as the vehicle interior, gaps, wiring harnesses, and antennas, field strength parameters, including electric field E and magnetic field H, are extracted for each spatial point. Based on these field strength parameters, a feature vector for automatically identifying the main radiation channels is constructed. The specific parameter calculations are as follows:

[0062] Extracting field strength amplitude:

[0063] Calculate the electric field amplitude at each point: |E| = sqrt(Ex) 2 +Ey 2 +Ez 2 );

[0064] Calculate the magnetic field amplitude: |H| = sqrt(Hx) 2 +Hy 2 +Hz 2 );

[0065] Calculate the energy flux density:

[0066] Poynting vector S = E × H;

[0067] Size: |S| = |E×H|;

[0068] Calculate the gradient:

[0069] After spatially differencing or interpolating the field strength amplitude, calculate the gradient:

[0070]

[0071] Similarly, calculate

[0072] Energy density:

[0073] u=(1 / 2)*(∈∣E∣ 2 +μ∣H∣ 2 );

[0074] ∈ represents the permittivity; u represents the energy density; μ represents the permeability;

[0075] Field direction angle:

[0076] Electric field direction: θE=arccos(Ez / ∣E∣), φE=arctan2(Ey,Ex);

[0077] Magnetic field direction: θH=arccos(Hz / ∣H∣), φH=arctan2(Hy,Hx);

[0078] Combined into feature vectors:

[0079]

[0080] in, This represents the magnitude of the electric field gradient vector; This represents the magnitude of the magnetic field gradient vector.

[0081] This application's embodiments construct multi-dimensional feature vectors from multiple indicators such as field strength, energy flux density, and gradient. All feature vectors of spatial points are stored in an array or data structure. Statistical properties of these feature vectors, such as high values ​​and abrupt gradient changes, are used to identify potential leakage or radiation paths. This multi-indicator fusion method improves the accuracy and robustness of automatic radiation channel detection.

[0082] In one implementation of this application, the analysis of field strength data extracted from preset test points includes: extracting radiation field strength and spectral distribution data from preset test points on the entire vehicle; wherein the preset test points include a preset distance outside the vehicle, the driver's cabin inside the vehicle, and wiring harness ports. The extracted radiation field strength and spectral distribution data are compared with preset limits. Furthermore, based on the spatial field distribution obtained from electromagnetic field simulation, a 3D radiation directionality map around the vehicle is generated, and the corresponding radiation hotspots of the entire vehicle are determined through the 3D radiation directionality map. Based on the comparison results and radiation hotspots, the entire vehicle is optimized.

[0083] Specifically, in this embodiment, radiation field strength and spectrum distribution can be extracted at typical locations such as 1m / 3m outside the vehicle, the driver's cabin inside the vehicle, and the wiring harness port, and the extracted radiation field strength and spectrum distribution can be compared with preset limits. Figure 7 An EMC simulation field strength curve for a vehicle provided in this application embodiment, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal axis represents frequency and the vertical axis represents electric field strength. The field strength curve of the whole vehicle EMC simulation points is compared with the preset limit to determine the points where the radiation does not meet the requirements.

[0084] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application obtain the spatial field distribution through simulation, generate a 3D radiation directionality map around the vehicle, identify the main radiation "hot spots", that is, areas with high radiation intensity, and provide an intuitive basis for subsequent rectification. Figure 8 A near-field EMC simulation radiation map of a vehicle provided in this application embodiment, such as... Figure 8As shown, different colored areas represent different radiation intensities, and the main radiation "hot spots" can be clearly identified based on the different colored areas.

[0085] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation device 200 includes: at least one processor 201; and a memory 202 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 201. The memory 202 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 201, which, when executed, enable the at least one processor 201 to: perform layered modeling of the vehicle based on its structural information to construct a vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; perform structural strength analysis of the vehicle using the constructed vehicle strength analysis model, and correct the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results; divide the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model into a global region and a local high-precision region according to the electromagnetic field strength distribution, and set different simulation solving algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solving; configure excitation sources and boundary conditions for the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; perform electromagnetic radiation emission simulation solving on the configured vehicle electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation solving, and optimize the vehicle based on the obtained simulation results.

[0086] This application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. These instructions are configured to: perform layered modeling of the entire vehicle based on its structural information to construct an electromagnetic simulation model; conduct structural strength analysis of the entire vehicle using the constructed vehicle strength analysis model, and correct the electromagnetic simulation model based on the analysis results; divide the corrected electromagnetic simulation model into a global region and a local high-precision region according to the electromagnetic field strength distribution, and set different simulation solving algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform collaborative simulation solving; configure excitation sources and boundary conditions for the corrected electromagnetic simulation model; perform electromagnetic radiation emission simulation solving on the configured electromagnetic simulation model through collaborative simulation solving; and optimize the entire vehicle based on the obtained simulation results.

[0087] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the embodiments of apparatus, devices, and non-volatile computer storage media are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0088] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of this application. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the vehicle's structural information, layered modeling of the entire vehicle is performed to construct an electromagnetic simulation model. Specifically, this includes: modeling the physical structure layer based on the 3D CAD data from the vehicle's structural information, and assigning values ​​to the model according to actual material parameters; wherein the physical structure layer modeling includes at least modeling the body, chassis, compartment, gaps, holes, and connection points; modeling the wiring harness based on the vehicle's electrical schematic diagram and wiring harness engineering layout diagram, and modeling the circuit equivalent electromagnetic sources of pre-installed electronic devices in the vehicle; and setting time-domain or frequency-domain excitation signals corresponding to each interference source based on pre-set vehicle operating conditions for excitation modeling. The vehicle structural strength is analyzed using a constructed vehicle strength analysis model. Based on the analysis results, the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model is corrected. Specifically, the vehicle strength analysis model is analyzed using pre-set structural analysis software under a vertical -1g condition. The vehicle shape boundary is marked in the vehicle strength analysis model using PLOTEL lines. The vehicle displacement cloud map corresponding to the vertical -1g condition is output, and the coordinates of the deformed PLOTEL lines in the vehicle displacement cloud map are exported. The vehicle model composed of the deformed PLOTEL lines is imported into the mesh-updated vehicle electromagnetic simulation model to correct and fit the vehicle electromagnetic simulation model. Based on the electromagnetic field strength distribution, the corrected vehicle electromagnetic simulation model is divided into a global region and a local high-precision region, and different simulation solution algorithms are set for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform simulation collaborative solution. The excitation source and boundary conditions are configured for the revised vehicle electromagnetic simulation model; Through the aforementioned simulation collaborative solution, electromagnetic radiation emission simulation is performed on the configured vehicle electromagnetic simulation model, and the vehicle is optimized based on the obtained simulation results.

2. The vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of setting different simulation solving algorithms for the global region and the local high-precision region to perform simulation collaborative solving specifically includes: The electromagnetic field of the global region is solved by the first electromagnetic field solving software, and the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region is output; wherein, the first electromagnetic field solving software adopts the fast multipole algorithm or the boundary element method algorithm, and the high-voltage wiring harness of the whole vehicle is used as the excitation source. The electromagnetic field strength output by the first electromagnetic field solving software is used as an equivalent excitation source. Based on the equivalent excitation source and the excitation parameters corresponding to the local high-precision region, the electromagnetic field of the local high-precision region is solved by the second electromagnetic field solving software, and the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region is output; wherein, the second electromagnetic field solving software adopts the finite element algorithm or the finite difference time-domain algorithm. The electromagnetic field strength output by the second electromagnetic field solving software is used as the equivalent excitation source of the model joint surface in the global region simulation. Based on the excitation of the high-voltage wiring harness of the whole vehicle, the electromagnetic field distribution of the global region and the electromagnetic field strength at the boundary of the local high-precision region are solved again until the output electromagnetic field strength of the whole vehicle converges to meet the preset conditions, and the iteration stops.

3. The vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of configuring the excitation source and boundary conditions for the modified vehicle electromagnetic simulation model specifically includes: Based on the operating parameters corresponding to the preset radiation source in the actual working conditions of the vehicle, the output signal characteristics corresponding to the modified vehicle electromagnetic simulation model are configured; wherein, the preset radiation source includes at least an inverter, a battery management system and a DC / DC module, and the output signal characteristics include at least output current, output voltage and harmonic distribution; In addition, an open absorbing boundary is applied to the exterior of the vehicle; In addition, the interfaces of different materials, grounding and contact points inside the vehicle are configured with features respectively; wherein the feature configuration includes at least conductivity configuration, contact resistance configuration, shielding configuration and isolation configuration.

4. The vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization process for the entire vehicle based on the obtained simulation results specifically includes: The main radiation channels are determined by multi-index feature vectors; wherein, the main radiation channels are related to electromagnetic energy intensity or leakage intensity. Additionally, the field strength data from preset test points is extracted and analyzed.

5. The vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the main radiation channels through multi-index feature vectors specifically includes: Based on the simulation results, the field strength parameters corresponding to each spatial point in the preset area are determined; wherein, the field strength parameters include at least the field strength amplitude, field strength energy flux density, field strength energy density, field strength direction angle, and field strength gradient. Construct a field strength feature vector based on the field strength parameters; The main radiation channel corresponding to the whole vehicle is determined by the statistical characteristics corresponding to the field strength feature vector; wherein, the statistical characteristics include at least high value features and gradient abrupt change features.

6. The vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The analysis of the field strength data extracted from the preset test points specifically includes: Radiation field strength and spectrum distribution data are extracted from pre-set test points on the whole vehicle; wherein, the pre-set test points include a preset distance outside the vehicle, the driver's cabin inside the vehicle, and the wiring harness port; The extracted radiation field strength and spectral distribution data are compared with preset limits. Furthermore, based on the spatial field distribution obtained from electromagnetic field simulation, a 3D radiation directionality map around the vehicle is generated, and the radiation hotspots corresponding to the whole vehicle are determined through the 3D radiation directionality map. Based on the comparison results and the aforementioned radiation hotspots, the entire vehicle is optimized.

7. A vehicle-level electromagnetic radiation emission simulation device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory for storing computer program instructions and a processor for executing the program instructions, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the device is triggered to perform the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, The computer-executable instructions are capable of performing the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

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