A method for real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation, and discloses a real-time working condition judgment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters. The method installs a drilling parameter sensor on the drilling machine to collect parameters such as active drill rod displacement, drilling speed and drilling force in real time; the up and down movement state of the drill rod is distinguished by calculating the displacement difference of the power head and combining the displacement critical value, drilling speed and drilling force, so as to distinguish working conditions such as rotary drilling, rotary lifting, pipe twisting, pipe unloading, emptying, empty lifting, rod lowering, hovering and hovering idle; and the depth updating rules are set according to different working conditions, the drilling depth is corrected under the working condition which has substantial influence on the position of the drill bit, and the depth remains unchanged under the rest working conditions. The method can accurately acquire real-time monitoring and drilling depth of drilling construction, improve the authenticity and reliability of the investigation results, and provide data support for the study of the relationship between drilling parameters and stratum soil properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation, specifically to a method for real-time condition judgment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Geotechnical engineering exploration drilling involves drilling soil and rock samples from the geology and sending them to a laboratory for geotechnical testing to obtain the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and rock. Therefore, the quality of the drilling results directly affects the safety and reliability of geotechnical engineering design. Currently, drilling often results in insufficient drilling depth and missed exploration holes, posing significant safety hazards to engineering design and construction. With the development of the Internet of Things and sensor technology, sensors are being installed in drilling rigs to measure parameters such as feed force, lifting force, drilling speed, torque, and active drill rod displacement during the drilling process. However, there is still no clear method for using these parameters to determine the drilling conditions in real time.

[0003] Traditional drilling depth sensing often relies on manually counting the number of drill pipes to estimate the drilling footage, a method with poor accuracy. Even highly automated drilling rigs can collect active drill pipe displacement parameters in real time, but drilling operations involve steps such as "empty lifting and lowering, pipe tightening, lowering the drill pipe, pulling up the drill pipe, and unloading the pipe." Although CN 116950646A proposes a method for obtaining borehole depth based on drilling parameters of a fully hydraulic drilling rig, this method judges the effective displacement of a single drilling operation based on parameters such as "pump volume, rotation speed, torque, and drilling pressure," and cannot determine the working conditions during the drilling process. Therefore, this patent proposes a depth calculation method based on real-time judgment of working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a real-time drilling condition assessment and depth acquisition method based on drilling parameters is provided. This method uses parameters such as drilling force, drilling speed, torque, and active drill pipe displacement sensed in real time during drilling to instantly assess the drilling conditions. Then, a drilling depth calculation method is constructed based on these real-time assessments. This enables dynamic monitoring of drilling operations, facilitates the establishment of a "drilling parameter-depth" relationship, and lays the foundation for in-depth research on the relationship between the drill string and soil properties. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0005] A method for real-time condition assessment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Install drilling parameter sensors on the drilling rig to collect the real-time displacement S of the active drill rod. i Drilling speed r i and the absolute value of drilling force F i Drilling force F i When it is positive, it represents the downward pressure on the drill pipe, and the drilling force F. i When the value is negative, it represents the drill pipe pulling force (for simplicity and ease of understanding, the drilling force Fi and the critical value F will be referred to as drilling force Fi and critical value F in the following text).cri Numerical comparisons are all based on absolute values.

[0007] S2. Based on the currently collected active drill pipe displacement value S i Compared with the preceding displacement value S i-1 Calculate the displacement difference ΔS i =S i -S i-1 ;

[0008] S3, when △S i When <0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves downward, combined with ΔS i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F i The working conditions are determined by identifying the pipe tightening, rotary drilling, descent, or rod lowering conditions, with the critical value ΔS as the threshold value. cri The width of the drill pipe joint thread;

[0009] S4, when △S i When =0, combined with the drilling rate r i The operating condition is determined to be either hovering at rest or hovering while spinning freely.

[0010] S5, when △S i When the value is greater than 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves upward, combined with ΔS. i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F i Perform working condition identification to determine the working conditions of pipe unloading, rotational lifting, empty lifting, or lifting with rod;

[0011] S6. The obtained working condition and displacement difference ΔS i Combined, the current drilling depth H is obtained according to the following rules. i :

[0012] S61. When the operating conditions are: active drill pipe lowering with rod, active drill pipe lifting with rod, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting, H i =H i-1 -△S i H i-1 The preceding depth;

[0013] S62. When the operating conditions are hovering at rest, hovering idling, active drill pipe idling, active drill pipe idling, pipe tightening, and pipe unloading, H i =H i-1 .

[0014] Furthermore, when △S i When <0, the following determination steps are performed:

[0015] S31. Determine △S sequentially. i>-△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri If both conditions are met, it indicates a tightening operation. (F) cri The absolute value of the critical value of drilling force;

[0016] If △S i >-△S cri Establishment, r i >0 are all true and F i <F cri This condition is not valid and indicates a rotary drilling operation.

[0017] If △S i >-△S cri Established and r i >0 is not true, continue to judge F i Does F = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates the active drill pipe idling condition, if F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lowering operation.

[0018] S32, if △S i >-△S cri If not, continue to evaluate r in turn. i >0, F i Is the expression = 0 true?

[0019] If r i >0, F i If all values ​​are equal to 0, it indicates an active drill pipe idling condition.

[0020] If r i >0 is true, F i =0 is not true, indicating rotary drilling operation.

[0021] If r i >0 is not true, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe idling condition.

[0022] If r i >0, F i =0 is not true, indicating the active drill pipe lowering condition.

[0023] Furthermore, when △S i When =0, the following determination steps are performed:

[0024] Determine r i Does = 0 hold true? If r i =0 indicates a hovering, stationary condition; if r i =0 is not true, indicating a hovering or idle condition.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S5, when △S i When the value is greater than 0, the following determination steps are performed:

[0026] 1) Determine △S in sequence i <△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri Is it true or false?

[0027] If △S i <△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri All of these indicate the pipe unloading condition;

[0028] If △S i <△S cri r i >0 are all true and F i <F cri This condition is not valid, indicating a rotating and lifting operation.

[0029] If △S i <△S cri Established and r i >0 is not true, continue to judge F i Does F = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation, if F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lifting operation;

[0030] 2) If △S i <△S cri If not, continue to evaluate r in turn. i >0, F i Is the expression = 0 true?

[0031] If r i >0, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation.

[0032] If r i >0 holds and F i =0 is not true, indicating a rotating and lifting operation.

[0033] If r i >0, F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lifting operation;

[0034] If r i >0 is not true, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. High Real-Time Performance and Accuracy: This invention uses sensors mounted on the drilling rig to collect parameters such as active drill rod displacement, drilling speed, and drilling force in real time. These parameters are then combined with critical values ​​for condition assessment, enabling instant identification of the drilling status. This method avoids relying on manual counting of drill rods, significantly improving the real-time performance and accuracy of drilling depth acquisition and reducing errors caused by human factors.

[0037] 2. Comprehensive and Precise Working Condition Identification: This invention can distinguish between various typical working conditions, including rotary drilling, rotary lifting, pipe tightening, pipe unloading, dummy drilling, dummy drilling, rod lowering, hovering and stationary drilling, and hovering and spinning, and sets differentiated judgment criteria for different working conditions. This solution covers the main operating states in the drilling process, ensuring the reliability of working condition identification.

[0038] 3. Reasonable and reliable depth calculation: This invention determines whether to update the drilling depth based on the working condition judgment results. The depth is only corrected in working conditions that have a substantial impact on the drill bit position, such as lowering the drill rod, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting. The depth remains unchanged in other working conditions, thereby avoiding cumulative errors and improving the accuracy of drilling depth calculation.

[0039] 4. High value for promotion and application: This invention establishes a dynamic correspondence between drilling parameters, working conditions and drilling depth. It can not only be applied to real-time monitoring of the drilling process, but also provide data support for subsequent research on the relationship between drilling parameters and formation soil properties, and has strong value for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a real-time working condition judgment criterion based on drilling parameters. Detailed Implementation

[0042] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0043] To fully understand this invention, detailed steps and structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of this invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail below; however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the invention may have other embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for real-time condition judgment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters, including the following steps:

[0045] S1. Install drilling parameter sensors on the drilling rig to collect the real-time displacement S of the active drill rod. i Drilling speed r i and drilling force F i Drilling force F i When it is positive, it represents the downward pressure on the drill pipe, and the drilling force F. i When the value is negative, it represents the drill pipe lifting force. Specifically, when the active drill pipe is at its highest point, S... i Maximum, and minimum; when the drilling force is positive, it is the downward pressure on the drill pipe, and when it is negative, it is the pulling force on the drill pipe. (For simplicity and ease of understanding, the drilling force F will be referred to as such in the following text.) i and critical value F cri Numerical comparisons are based on absolute values.

[0046] S2. After obtaining the active drill pipe displacement, the displacement difference of the active drill pipe movement is first calculated. The displacement difference is calculated using the currently sensed active drill pipe displacement value S. i Compared with the previously sensed active drill pipe displacement value S i-1 The difference △S i , △S i =S i -S i-1 Among them, the preceding displacement S i-1 This refers to the previous power head displacement S in the drilling rig's automatically acquired parameters. i-1 Corresponding to this is the current displacement S of the power head. i The difference between the two values ​​represents the displacement difference within this time period.

[0047] S3, when △S i When <0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves downward, combined with ΔS i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F i The working conditions are determined by identifying the pipe tightening, rotary drilling, descent, or rod lowering conditions, with the critical value ΔS as the threshold value. cri This refers to the width of the drill pipe joint thread. Generally, during the process of the power head tightening the drill pipe, the lower part of the drill pipe clamp will not shift. The rotation of the power head and any small displacement will not exceed the spacing of one drill pipe thread, i.e., ΔS. cri When △Si When the value is less than 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe has moved downwards. Further, it is determined whether the displacement difference of the active drill pipe moving downwards is less than the critical value ΔS. cri This is used to determine whether the active drill pipe is screwed onto the drill pipe, and further, when △S i >-△S cri At that time, an initial assessment was made as to whether the active drill pipe was rotating. Further, when r... i When the value is greater than 0, a preliminary assessment is made as to whether the drilling force exceeds the critical value F. cri This is used to determine whether the active drill pipe has undergone light pressure bonding. When F i <F cri At that time, the final judgment was that it was a case of tightening the pipe; when F i ≥F cri At that time, it was ultimately determined to be rotary drilling. When r i When =0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is released empty; when F i When the value is not equal to 0, the final determination is that the drill pipe is lowered with the rod attached. cri The determination depends on the working performance of the drilling rig and the state of the drill pipe loading and unloading, and needs to be based on the on-site loading and unloading of the drill pipe and the drilling rig test calibration.

[0048] When △S i ≤-△S cri At that time, an initial assessment was made as to whether the active drill pipe was rotating. Further, when r... i When >0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is released empty; when F i When r ≠ 0, the final determination is rotary drilling. i When =0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is released empty; when F i When the value is not equal to 0, the final judgment is that the drill pipe is lowered with the rod attached.

[0049] S4, when △S i When the value is 0, initially determine whether the active drill pipe is rotating. Combine this with the drilling speed r. i The operating condition is determined as either hovering at rest or hovering with freewheeling. When △S i When r = 0, the specific determination steps are as follows: Determine r i Does = 0 hold true? If r i =0 indicates a hovering, stationary condition; if r i =0 is not true, indicating a hovering or idle condition.

[0050] S5, when △Si When the value is greater than 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves upward, combined with ΔS. i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F i The working conditions are determined by identifying the following: pipe unloading, rotational lifting, empty lifting, or lifting with rod. Further, when △S... i <△S cri At that time, an initial assessment was made as to whether the active drill pipe was rotating. Further, when r... i When the value is greater than 0, a preliminary assessment is made as to whether the drilling force exceeds the critical value F. cri This is used to determine whether the active drill pipe has been gently lifted and loosened. When F i <F cri At that time, the final judgment was to unload the pipe; when F i ≥F cri When r is reached, the final determination is rotational lifting. i When =0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is pulled out without load; when F i When the value is not equal to 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is pulled up with the rod.

[0051] When △S i ≥△S cri At that time, an initial assessment was made as to whether the active drill pipe was rotating. Further, when r... i When >0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is pulled out without load; when F i When r ≠ 0, the final judgment is rotational lifting. i When =0, the initial judgment is F i Whether it is 0, i.e., whether the active drill pipe end is connected to the drill pipe. When F i When F = 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is pulled out without load; when F i When the value is not equal to 0, the final judgment is that the active drill pipe is pulled up with the rod.

[0052] S6. The obtained working condition and displacement difference ΔS i Combined, the current drilling depth H is obtained according to the following rules. i :

[0053] S61. When the operating conditions are: active drill pipe lowering with rod, active drill pipe lifting with rod, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting, H i =H i-1 -△S i H i-1 The preceding depth;

[0054] S62. When the operating conditions are hovering at rest, hovering idling, active drill pipe idling, active drill pipe idling, pipe tightening, and pipe unloading, H i =H i-1 .

[0055] The drilling depth is obtained by real-time identification of the movement of the active drill pipe, along with the drill bit. The movement conditions of the active drill pipe, along with the drill bit, are "lowering the active drill pipe with the drill pipe, lifting the active drill pipe with the drill pipe, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting". The displacement difference ΔS under this condition is determined. i The preceding depth H is affected sequentially. i-1 As the current depth H i (H) i =H i-1 -△S i Note: △S i When the distance is less than 0, the active drill pipe displacement is downward. Conditions such as "hovering at rest, hovering while spinning, active drill pipe being released, active drill pipe being pulled up, pipe tightening, and pipe unloading" do not affect the drill bit position. The current depth H... i With preceding depth H i-1 Consistency (H) i =H i-1 ).

[0056] Hovering still <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 ]]> Hovering and spinning <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 ]]> Active drilling pipe venting <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 ]]> Active drilling pipe empty lifting <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 ]]> Tightening pipe <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 ]]> Unloading pipe <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 ]]> Active drill pipe with rod lowering <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]> Active drill pipe with rod lift <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]> Rotary drilling <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]> Rotate and lift <![CDATA[H i =H i-1 -△S i ]]>

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in a conventional manner in the art. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the present invention. This does not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention's technical solutions still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time condition assessment and depth acquisition based on drilling parameters, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install drilling parameter sensors on the drilling rig to collect the real-time displacement S of the active drill rod. i Drilling speed r i and the absolute value of drilling force F i Drilling force F i When it is positive, it represents the downward pressure on the drill pipe, and the drilling force F. i When the value is negative, it represents the drill pipe lifting force; S2, based on the currently collected active drill pipe displacement S i With the preceding displacement S i-1 Calculate displacement difference △S i =S i -S i-1 ; S3, when △S i When <0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves downward, combined with ΔS i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F i The working conditions are determined by identifying the pipe tightening, rotary drilling, descent, or rod lowering conditions, with the critical value ΔS as the threshold value. cri The width of the drill pipe joint thread; S4, when △S i When =0, combined with the drilling rate r i The operating condition is determined to be either hovering at rest or hovering while spinning freely. S5, when △S i When the value is greater than 0, it is determined that the active drill pipe moves upward, combined with ΔS. i With the critical value ΔS cri Drilling speed r i Drilling force F i Perform working condition identification to determine the working conditions of pipe unloading, rotational lifting, empty lifting, or lifting with rod; S6. The obtained working condition and displacement difference ΔS i Combined, the current drilling depth H is obtained according to the following rules. i : S61. When the operating conditions are: active drill pipe lowering with rod, active drill pipe lifting with rod, rotary drilling, and rotary lifting, H i =H i-1 -△S i H i-1 The preceding depth; S62. When the operating conditions are hovering at rest, hovering idling, active drill pipe idling, active drill pipe idling, pipe tightening, and pipe unloading, H i =H i-1 ; In step S3, when △S i When <0, the following determination steps are performed: S31. Determine △S sequentially. i >-△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri If both conditions are met, it indicates a pipe tightening operation. (F) cri This is the absolute value of the critical drilling force. If △S i >-△S cri Establishment, r i >0 are all true and F i <F cri This condition is not valid and indicates a rotary drilling operation. If △S i >-△S cri Established and r i >0 is not true, continue to judge F i Does F = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates the active drill pipe idling condition, if F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lowering operation. S32, if △S i >-△S cri If not, continue to evaluate r in turn. i >0, F i Is the expression = 0 true? If r i >0, F i If all values ​​are equal to 0, it indicates an active drill pipe idling condition. If r i >0 is true, F i =0 is not true, indicating rotary drilling operation. If r i >0 is not true, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe idling condition. If r i >0, F i =0 is not true, indicating the active drill pipe lowering condition.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, when △S i When = 0, the following determination steps are performed: Determine r i Does = 0 hold true? If r i =0 indicates a hovering, stationary condition; if r i =0 is not true, indicating a hovering or idle condition.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, when △S i When the value is greater than 0, the following determination steps are performed: 1) Determine △S in sequence i <△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri Is it true or false? If △S i <△S cri r i >0, F i <F cri All of these indicate the pipe unloading condition; If △S i <△S cri r i >0 are all true and F i <F cri This condition is not valid, indicating a rotating and lifting operation. If △S i <△S cri Established and r i >0 is not true, continue to judge F i Does F = 0 hold true? i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation, if F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lifting operation; 2) If △S i <△S cri If not, continue to evaluate r in turn. i >0, F i Is the expression = 0 true? If r i >0, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation. If r i >0 holds and F i =0 is not true, indicating a rotating and lifting operation. If r i >0, F i =0 is not true, indicating an active drill pipe lifting operation; If r i >0 is not true, F i =0 indicates an active drill pipe lifting operation.

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