A perturbed adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt single tank

Abstract

The application provides a disturbance adaptive stable floating plate for a molten salt single tank, and belongs to the technical field of molten salt energy storage. The disturbance adaptive stable floating plate comprises a floating plate body with a cavity, two stable devices arranged orthogonally in the cavity, and the two stable devices dynamically suppress the disturbance of the floating plate in a two-dimensional plane through orthogonal linkage. Each stable device comprises a sliding rail, a permanent magnetic sliding block and a magnetic triggering mechanism, the magnetic triggering mechanism comprises a disturbance triggering unit and a damping generation unit. The disturbance triggering unit contains a liquid conductive medium, generates a position feedback signal in response to the liquid level deviation caused by the inclination of the floating plate; the damping generation unit comprises a dynamic magnetic source, generates a changing magnetic field based on the position signal, and drives the permanent magnetic sliding block to slide towards the relatively rising side of the sliding rail. When the floating plate is disturbed, the magnetic triggering mechanism on the relatively sinking side of the sliding rail generates a larger repulsive force, so that the permanent magnetic sliding block moves to suppress the disturbance. The application can effectively improve the stability and safety of the molten salt single tank energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of single-tank molten salt energy storage technology, and more specifically, to a disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float for a single molten salt tank. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy, molten salt energy storage technology has been widely used in fields such as solar thermal power generation due to its advantages such as high energy density, long lifespan, and low cost. In molten salt energy storage systems, single-tank molten salt energy storage technology achieves layered storage of hot and cold molten salts within the same tank by utilizing the density difference of molten salt. Compared with traditional dual-tank systems, it has advantages such as smaller footprint and lower construction costs.

[0003] In single-tank molten salt energy storage systems, a floating plate is typically installed at the interface between the hot and cold molten salts to effectively separate them and reduce heat transfer. Existing technologies, such as the single-tank molten salt thermal storage device disclosed in CN117367184A, utilize a composite insulation plate with a density between that of high-temperature and low-temperature molten salts, exhibiting excellent thermal insulation performance. This composite insulation layer naturally suspends between the high-temperature and low-temperature molten salts within the single-tank molten salt tank, creating a good thermal stratification effect. Furthermore, the device employs a rectifier grid design to rapidly reduce disturbances and create a stable parallel flow after the molten salt enters the tank, causing the composite insulation plate to move nearly horizontally up and down.

[0004] However, in practical applications, due to the continuous inflow and outflow of hot and cold molten salt during the heat storage and release phases, the float plate is often subject to various disturbances, causing it to tilt or sway. Existing technologies lack effective adaptive stabilization mechanisms to suppress these disturbances, which can lead to float plate malfunctions preventing normal vertical movement, or causing hot and cold molten salt to mix in the pouring gaps due to float plate tilting, severely impacting the overall energy storage efficiency of the tank.

[0005] In the field of liquid level detection and control, various technical solutions already exist. For example, CN210071072U discloses a liquid level detection device for a storage tank, including a magnetic control component, a float, a pulley, a fixing component, a reed switch, and a signal transmitter. The magnetic control component and the reed switch enable the signal transmitter to automatically send an alarm signal. CN206410759U provides a liquid level detection device, including a float, a float guide rod, a fixing frame, a slide rail, and a signal sensing device. The liquid level is detected through the sensing interaction between the sensor and the sensing block.

[0006] While the aforementioned technologies offer some solutions for level detection and control, they primarily focus on level detection and alarms, failing to provide effective solutions for the disturbance stability issues of floats in molten salt tanks. Existing float designs lack adaptive adjustment capabilities to disturbances and cannot quickly restore equilibrium when subjected to disturbances, leading to the following problems: 1. The float plate is prone to tilting under disturbance, causing hot and cold molten salts to mix at the tilt point, reducing the thermal efficiency of the system; 2. The float has poor stability and may shake violently or even overturn when the molten salt flows vigorously; 3. It lacks an effective adaptive adjustment mechanism and cannot automatically adjust the stabilizing force according to the degree of disturbance; 4. Existing floating platforms have complex structures, are difficult to maintain, and have a limited service life.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a stable floating plate that can adaptively suppress disturbances in order to improve the operational stability and energy storage efficiency of a single-tank molten salt energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the technical problem in single-tank molten salt energy storage systems where the continuous inflow and outflow of hot and cold molten salt during the heat storage and release phases causes disturbance to the float plate inside the tank, potentially leading to float plate malfunction and inability to move up and down, or mixing of hot and cold molten salt through the pouring gaps, thus affecting the overall energy storage performance of the tank, this invention provides a disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float plate for single molten salt tanks to effectively suppress float plate vibration and improve system stability and energy storage performance.

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank, comprising a float body, the float body including a cavity, and two stabilizing devices arranged orthogonally in the cavity, the two stabilizing devices dynamically suppressing the disturbance of the float in a two-dimensional plane by orthogonal linkage. The stabilizing device includes a slide rail disposed in the cavity, a slider slidably disposed on the slide rail, and a triggering mechanism. The triggering mechanism is used to control the slider to slide on the slide rail to suppress the disturbance of the floating plate.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the slider is a permanent magnet slider; the triggering mechanism is a magnetic triggering mechanism, which is used to generate a magnetic field that generates a changing repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic triggering mechanism is provided at each end of the sliding direction of the slide rail; The two magnetic triggering mechanisms generate repulsive forces F1 and F2 on the permanent magnet slider, respectively; The float is in a stationary state or a disturbed state; when the float is stationary, F1=F2; when the float is disturbed, the repulsive force generated by the magnetic triggering mechanism on the permanent magnet slider on the relatively sinking side of the slide rail is greater than the repulsive force generated by the magnetic triggering mechanism on the relatively rising side of the permanent magnet slider.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic triggering mechanism includes: The disturbance triggering unit includes a container filled with a liquid conductive medium. The conductive liquid responds to the tilting of the float body to generate a liquid surface shift and a position feedback signal. The damping generation unit includes a dynamic magnetic source disposed in the cavity, which generates a changing magnetic field based on the position signal, and generates a driving magnetic field for the permanent magnet slider, driving the permanent magnet slider to slide towards the side of the slide rail that is relatively rising.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic magnetic source includes an iron core and a coil wound on the iron core. The coil has a first end and a second end, and N taps are led out between the first end and the second end, where N is an integer greater than 0. The first end is connected to a power source. The disturbance triggering unit includes: A fixed electrode is inserted into a liquid conductive medium at one end and connected to a power source at the other end. A multi-stage liquid level detection electrode assembly includes at least two liquid level detection electrodes disposed at different height positions; among the at least two liquid level detection electrodes disposed at different height positions, the liquid level detection electrode at the highest height position is connected to the second end, and each of the remaining liquid level detection electrodes is connected to a different coil tap. The power supply, fixed electrode, liquid level detection electrode, and coil are connected in sequence to form a circuit; when one end of the slide rail is lowered, the total number of coil turns connected to the circuit is greater than when it is raised.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least two of the liquid level detection electrodes are arranged sequentially from high to low in height, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the sliding direction of the slide rail; the height of the liquid level detection electrode connected to the circuit is proportional to the total number of turns of the coil connected to the corresponding circuit.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-level liquid level detection electrode assembly includes (N+1) liquid level detection electrodes disposed at different height positions.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power source is a thermoelectric generator.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the float body is externally wrapped with a ferromagnetic material.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a single-tank molten salt energy storage system, comprising a single molten salt tank, wherein the single molten salt tank is provided with the aforementioned disturbance adaptive stabilizing float.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. The disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for molten salt tanks provided by the present invention can detect the tilting of the tank caused by the external environment. By changing the relative height of the liquid surface in the disturbance triggering unit inside the stabilizing device, the magnetic field strength of the dynamic magnetic source in the triggering device on both sides is changed, which pushes the slider to move to a higher position, generating damping to suppress platform disturbance, providing stability, stabilizing the center of gravity in the plane, and achieving a good adjustment effect.

[0020] 2. The disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for molten salt tanks provided by the present invention adopts an integrated design in which each chamber is relatively independent and does not interfere with each other, without adding extra structures or equipment inside the tank, thus reducing the overall manufacturing cost of a single molten salt tank.

[0021] 3. The disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for molten salt tanks provided in this embodiment of the invention can effectively suppress the vibration of the float in a two-dimensional plane by setting two stabilizing devices arranged orthogonally in the upper and lower parts of the float body, stabilize the center of gravity in the plane, achieve a good adjustment effect, and avoid the problem of the float failing to move up and down.

[0022] 4. The disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for molten salt tanks provided in this embodiment of the invention adopts a magnetic triggering mechanism and a permanent magnet slider design, which has a fast response speed, high reliability, low contact resistance, and can quickly respond to float disturbances and make adaptive adjustments.

[0023] 5. The disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for molten salt tanks provided in this embodiment of the invention adopts an integrated design, with each chamber being relatively independent and not interfering with each other. It does not add extra structures or equipment inside the tank, thus reducing the overall manufacturing cost of a single molten salt tank.

[0024] 6. This invention can detect when the tank is tilted due to external environmental factors. By changing the relative height of the liquid level, the magnetic field strength of the dynamic magnetic source in the triggering device on both sides is changed, which pushes the slider to move to a higher position, generating damping to suppress platform disturbances and provide stability. This effectively prevents the mixing of hot and cold molten salts through the gaps caused by the tilt, thus improving the overall energy storage effect of the tank.

[0025] 7. Compared with the prior art, the disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for molten salt single tanks provided in this embodiment of the invention has a simple structure, requires no external energy supply, can use thermoelectric generators as power sources, realizes self-powered operation, and is suitable for various molten salt single tank energy storage systems. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-tank molten salt floating plate heat exchange system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disturbance adaptive stabilizing floating plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic triggering mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 01-Single molten salt storage tank; 011-Hot salt zone; 012-Cold salt zone; 02-Float plate; 03-Energy input device; 04-Energy output device; 05-Heat storage pump; 06-Heat release pump; 1-Input; 2-Output; 020-Cavity; 021-Upper stabilizing device; 022-Lower stabilizing device; 023-Float plate wall; 0211-First magnetic triggering mechanism; 0212-Slide rail; 0213-Slider; 0214-Second magnetic triggering mechanism; 101-Power supply; 102-Disturbance triggering unit; 103-Fixed electrode; 104-Liquid conductive medium; 105-Control wire; 106-Liquid level detection electrode; 107-Connecting wire; 108-Coil; 109-Iron core. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0029] Example This embodiment provides a disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank, including a float body with a cavity 020. Two stabilizing devices are arranged orthogonally, one above the other, within the cavity 020. These two stabilizing devices dynamically suppress float disturbances in a two-dimensional plane through orthogonal linkage. The two stabilizing devices are designated as an upper stabilizing device 021 and a lower stabilizing device 021.

[0030] Specifically, the float body has a circular structure, with its outer wall adapted to the inner wall of the molten salt tank. Two stabilizing devices inside the float body are arranged perpendicularly to each other along the X and Y axes, forming an orthogonal arrangement. Through orthogonal linkage, the two stabilizing devices can dynamically suppress disturbances to the float in a two-dimensional plane.

[0031] Each stabilizing device includes a slide rail 0212 disposed within a cavity 020, a slider slidably disposed on the slide rail 0212, and a triggering mechanism. The slider can slide freely on the slide rail 0212, and the triggering mechanism is used to control the slider to slide on the slide rail 0212 to suppress disturbances of the float plate. The components of the two stabilizing devices are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the slide rail 0212.

[0032] When the float is subjected to external disturbances, such as fluctuations in the molten salt surface or external impacts, the float will tilt or sway. At this time, the triggering mechanism will sense this disturbance and control the slider to move on the slide rail 0212. By changing the mass distribution inside the float, a torque is generated to counteract the disturbance, thereby restoring the float to a stable state.

[0033] Since the two stabilizing devices are arranged along the X and Y axes respectively, they can work together to suppress disturbances in any direction within the two-dimensional plane. For example, when the float tilts along the X axis, the stabilizing device along the X axis will respond first; when the float tilts along the Y axis, the stabilizing device along the Y axis will respond first; when the float tilts in any direction, the two stabilizing devices will work together proportionally according to the magnitude of the tilt component to jointly suppress the disturbance.

[0034] This design gives the float a self-adaptive stabilization capability, allowing it to automatically adjust its internal mass distribution according to the direction and magnitude of disturbances, achieving dynamic stability and ensuring the stability of the float in a molten salt tank.

[0035] In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the float body is 5mm-20mm, and the material is a metal material with good resistance to molten salt corrosion, such as 347H steel.

[0036] In this embodiment, the slide rail 0212 adopts a tapered, flat design, with a width of 1 / 10 to 1 / 6 of the float plate diameter. The surface is coated with lubricating oil to reduce friction with the slider. The slide rail 0212 is made of high-temperature resistant alloy material, capable of withstanding high temperatures in a molten salt environment.

[0037] In this embodiment, the slider is a permanent magnet slider; the triggering mechanism is a magnetic triggering mechanism, which is used to generate a magnetic field that produces a changing repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider.

[0038] The magnetic trigger mechanism generates a variable magnetic field that repels the permanent magnet slider. When the float is stationary, the magnetic field generated by the mechanism remains stable, and the permanent magnet slider is in an equilibrium position. When the float is disturbed, the magnetic trigger mechanism adjusts the magnetic field strength according to the disturbance, changing the repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider and driving it to move on the slide rail 0212, thereby generating a torque to counteract the disturbance. This magnetically driven design offers advantages such as fast response, no mechanical wear, and strong adaptability. Due to the absence of complex mechanical transmission components, the system boasts high reliability and low maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for long-term stable operation in high-temperature corrosive environments like molten salt.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet slider is made of a permanent magnet material with a strong magnetic field, such as neodymium iron boron. Furthermore, the surface of the permanent magnet slider is coated with a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant coating to adapt to the molten salt environment.

[0040] In one embodiment, the slider adopts a rectangular design, with a length of 1 / 10 to 1 / 8 of the diameter of the float plate and a width of 4 / 5 to 5 / 6 of the slide rail 0212. A tapered notch is opened at the bottom to fit with the slide rail 0212.

[0041] In this embodiment, a magnetic triggering mechanism is provided at each end of the sliding direction of the slide rail 0212, namely a first magnetic triggering mechanism 0211 and a second magnetic triggering mechanism 0214. Each magnetic triggering mechanism can be controlled independently. The repulsive forces generated by the two magnetic triggering mechanisms on the permanent magnet slider are F1 and F2, respectively. The float is in a static state or a disturbed state.

[0042] When the float is stationary, F1=F2, the permanent magnet slider is in the middle position of the slide rail 0212, and the system is in equilibrium. When the float is disturbed, the repulsive force exerted by the magnetic trigger mechanism on the sinking side of slide rail 0212 on the permanent magnet slider is greater than that exerted by the magnetic trigger mechanism on the rising side. Specifically, when tilting occurs, slide rail 0212 tilts along with the float. At this time, the magnetic trigger mechanism on the sinking side of slide rail 0212 increases the magnetic field strength, generating a greater repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider; while the magnetic trigger mechanism on the rising side decreases the magnetic field strength, generating a smaller repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider. For example, when the left side sinks, the repulsive force F1 generated by the left magnetic trigger mechanism can increase to 1.5T, while the repulsive force F2 generated by the right magnetic trigger mechanism can decrease to 0.6T. Under the action of this unbalanced force, the permanent magnet slider will move towards the rising side of slide rail 0212, changing the mass distribution inside the float and generating a torque opposite to the direction of the disturbance, thereby counteracting the disturbance and restoring the float to a balanced state.

[0043] This design utilizes the non-contact nature of magnetism, avoiding direct contact and wear between mechanical parts, thus improving system reliability and lifespan. Simultaneously, by adjusting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic trigger mechanisms at both ends, precise responses to disturbances of varying intensities can be achieved, enhancing the system's adaptability and stability.

[0044] The dynamic magnetic source has its corresponding slider's magnetic poles arranged in opposite directions, i.e., NS, SN, NS or SN, NS, SN. When stationary, the repulsive force F1 exerted by the first triggering device on the slider is equal to the repulsive force F2 exerted by the second triggering device on the slider.

[0045] The magnetic triggering mechanism in this embodiment includes: The disturbance triggering unit 102 includes a container filled with a liquid conductive medium 104. The conductive liquid responds to the tilting of the float body, causing a liquid level shift and generating a position feedback signal. When the float body remains horizontal, the surface of the liquid conductive medium 104 in the container also remains horizontal. When the float is disturbed and tilts, the container also tilts, causing the surface of the liquid conductive medium 104 in the container to shift relative to the container, with the liquid level rising on one side and falling on the other. This liquid level shift can be detected by electrodes positioned at different heights within the container, thereby generating a position feedback signal.

[0046] The damping generation unit includes a dynamic magnetic source located in the cavity 020. Based on the position signal, it generates a changing magnetic field, which in turn generates a driving magnetic field for the permanent magnet slider, driving the permanent magnet slider to slide towards the relatively rising side of the slide rail 0212.

[0047] The dynamic magnetic source can be an electromagnet, which adjusts the magnetic field strength by changing the current flowing through the coil 108. The dynamic magnetic source receives a position feedback signal from the disturbance triggering unit 102 and adjusts the magnetic field strength according to the signal strength to generate a changing magnetic field.

[0048] When the float tilts, the disturbance triggering unit 102 detects the liquid level shift and generates a position feedback signal. Based on this signal, the damping generation unit adjusts the magnetic field strength, generating a stronger magnetic field on the relatively lower side of the slide rail 0212. This exerts a greater repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider, driving it to slide towards the relatively higher side of the slide rail 0212. The movement of the permanent magnet slider alters the mass distribution inside the float, generating a torque that counteracts the disturbance, restoring the float to its equilibrium state.

[0049] This disturbance detection method based on liquid conductive medium 104, combined with dynamic magnetic field drive, forms a closed-loop control system that can sense the disturbance state of the floating plate in real time and make corresponding adjustments, thereby improving the system's response speed and stability.

[0050] Specifically, the container holding the liquid conductive medium 104 is a closed, horizontally arranged glass tube with a diameter of 1 / 8 to 1 / 5 of the width of the stabilizing device.

[0051] Specifically, during the horizontal static process, the liquid conductive medium 104 is positioned at 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of its height inside the container. The liquid conductive medium 104 is a liquid such as mercury or a salt solution that remains liquid at room temperature and has good conductivity.

[0052] In one embodiment, the dynamic magnetic source includes an iron core 109 and a coil 108 wound on the iron core 109. The coil 108 has a first end and a second end, and N taps are led out between the first end and the second end, where N is an integer greater than 0. The first end is connected to the power supply 101 through a connecting wire 107.

[0053] The disturbance triggering unit 102 includes: The fixed electrode 103 has one end inserted into the liquid conductive medium 104 and the other end connected to the power supply 101. The multi-level liquid level detection electrode 106 assembly includes at least two liquid level detection electrodes 106 disposed at different height positions; among the at least two liquid level detection electrodes 106 disposed at different height positions, the liquid level detection electrode 106 at the highest height position is connected to the second end, and each of the remaining liquid level detection electrodes 106 is connected to a different coil 108 tap. In this circuit, the power supply 101, the fixed electrode 103, the liquid level detection electrode 106, and the coil 108 are connected in sequence to form a loop; when one end of the slide rail 0212 is relatively lowered, the total number of turns of the coil 108 connected to the loop is greater than the total number of turns of the coil 108 connected to the loop when it is relatively raised.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the liquid level detection electrode includes a long strip structure made of non-conductive material. This long strip structure is vertically installed inside the container. Specifically, one end is fixedly installed at the bottom of the container, and the other end is provided with a signal electrode.

[0055] In one embodiment, at least two liquid level detection electrodes 106 are arranged sequentially from high to low in height, with the arrangement direction consistent with the sliding direction of the slide rail 0212. This arrangement ensures that when the container tilts with the float, changes in the liquid level can be detected by the liquid level detection electrodes 106 at different heights in a certain pattern. For example, when the left side of the container sinks, the liquid level on the left rises, which may cause the higher-positioned liquid level electrode to be immersed in the liquid; when the right side of the container sinks, the liquid level on the right rises, which may cause more of the lower-positioned liquid level detection electrodes 106 to be immersed in the liquid.

[0056] In one embodiment, the height of the liquid level detection electrode 106 in the circuit is proportional to the total number of turns of the coil 108 connected in the corresponding circuit. For example, electrode A (highest height) is connected to the second end of coil 108, corresponding to a total of 500 turns of coil 108; electrode B is connected to tap A, corresponding to a total of 400 turns of coil 108; and electrode C is connected to tap B, corresponding to a total of 300 turns of coil 108.

[0057] This design ensures that as the liquid level rises and the electrodes are immersed at higher positions, the total number of turns of the coil 108 connected to the circuit also increases accordingly, generating a stronger magnetic field and a greater repulsive force. This proportional relationship allows the system to automatically adjust the magnetic field strength and repulsive force according to the degree of tilt of the float, achieving precise suppression of disturbances.

[0058] In one embodiment, the multi-stage liquid level detection electrode 106 assembly includes (N+1) liquid level detection electrodes 106 positioned at different heights. This design ensures that the number of liquid level detection electrodes 106 matches the number of coil 108 taps, with each liquid level detection electrode 106 having a corresponding connection point, forming a complete control loop. When the liquid level changes due to the tilt of the float, electrodes at different heights sequentially contact or detach from the liquid, altering the number of turns of the coil 108 connected to the loop, thereby adjusting the magnetic field strength and repulsive force. This one-to-one correspondence design simplifies the system structure, improves control accuracy, and enables the system to generate corresponding counteracting torques according to different degrees of float tilt, achieving precise suppression of disturbances.

[0059] In one embodiment, the iron core 109 is made of high permeability steel with a diameter of 1 / 8 to 3 / 5 of the width of the stabilizing device and a length of 1 / 10 to 1 / 6 of the diameter of the float plate. The induction coil 108 is wound on the iron core 109 with 50 to 150 turns, and the number of layers is not limited to one layer. It is then fixed with adhesive material.

[0060] In this embodiment, the multi-stage liquid level detection electrode 106 assembly comprises a group of liquid level detection electrodes 106 at different heights. From the end near the slide rail 0212 to the fixed electrode 103, the height of the liquid level detection electrodes 106 increases sequentially. Specifically, the height increases sequentially from 1 / 12 to 1 / 10 of the glass tube diameter to 2 / 5 to 1 / 2. Simultaneously, the corresponding positions of the coils 108 in the electromagnet are connected via control wires 105. That is, the closer the liquid level detection electrode 106 is to the fixed electrode 103, the greater the number of coils 108 connected to the electromagnet via control wires 105. Specifically, the first end of the coil 108 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 101, and the second end serves as the terminal of the coil 108. Between the first and second ends, a tap is led out every 100 turns, for a total of N=2 taps, labeled tap A and tap B.

[0061] One end of the fixed electrode 103 in the disturbance triggering unit 102 is inserted into the liquid conductive medium 104, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply 101 through a wire.

[0062] The multi-stage liquid level detection electrode 106 assembly includes three liquid level detection electrodes 106 positioned at different heights, labeled as electrode A, electrode B, and electrode C. These liquid level detection electrodes 106 are positioned at different heights, with their tips at different elevations. For example, the tip of electrode A is 3 mm above the bottom of the container, while the tips of electrodes 2 and 3 are 2 mm and 1 mm above the bottom of the container, respectively.

[0063] Electrode A (the liquid level detection electrode 106 with the highest height position) is connected to the second end of coil 108; electrode B is connected to tap A; electrode C is connected to tap B. In this way, power supply 101, fixed electrode 103, liquid level detection electrode 106, and coil 108 are connected in sequence to form a circuit.

[0064] When the float is in a horizontal position, the surface of the liquid conductive medium 104 also remains horizontal, with only electrodes B and C possibly immersed in the liquid. At this time, current flows out from the power source 101, passing through the fixed electrode 103, the liquid conductive medium 104, electrode B, tap B, and the second end of coil 108, forming a circuit. The current flowing through coil 108 generates a magnetic field, exerting a repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider.

[0065] When the float tilts and one end of the container sinks relatively, the liquid level at that end rises, potentially immersing more electrodes (such as electrodes B and C) into the liquid. At this time, current can flow through these newly immersed electrodes into different taps of coil 108. Because these taps are closer to the first end of coil 108, the total number of turns of coil 108 connected in the circuit decreases, resulting in a lower magnetic field strength and a reduced repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider.

[0066] Conversely, when the other end of the container rises relative to the top, the liquid level at that end decreases, and only electrode A1 may be immersed in the liquid. At this time, current can only flow into coil 108 through electrode A and tap A, increasing the total number of turns of coil 108 in the circuit, resulting in a stronger magnetic field and a greater repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider.

[0067] With this design, when one end of the slide rail 0212 is lowered, the total number of turns of the coil 108 in the circuit connected to the magnetic trigger mechanism at that end is greater than the total number of turns of the coil 108 in the circuit connected to the slide rail when it is raised, thereby generating different magnetic field strengths and repulsive forces, driving the permanent magnet slider to move and counteracting the disturbance of the floating plate.

[0068] In this embodiment, the power source 101 is a thermoelectric generator, which has a large and stable temperature gradient between its upper and lower walls, enabling it to output a stable voltage. It generates electricity using the temperature gradient inside the molten salt tank. The thermoelectric generator operates based on the Seebeck effect; when the junction of two different conductors or semiconductors is at different temperatures, an electromotive force is generated. The hot end of the thermoelectric generator contacts the bottom of the float, exposed to a high-temperature molten salt environment, reaching temperatures up to 500°C; the cold end contacts the upper part of the float, where the temperature is relatively lower, approximately 300°C. Within this 200°C temperature difference, the voltage and current generated by the thermoelectric generator are sufficient to drive the magnetic trigger mechanism.

[0069] The output of the thermoelectric generator is connected to the coil 108 and the fixed electrode 103 of the magnetic trigger mechanism via wires, providing power to the entire system. This design utilizes the inherent temperature gradient inside the molten salt tank, eliminating the need for an external power supply 101, enabling the system to operate autonomously and improving its independence and reliability.

[0070] Meanwhile, the output power of the thermoelectric generator changes with the temperature difference, and this characteristic can also serve as an adaptive mechanism for the system. When the molten salt temperature increases and the temperature difference widens, the output power of the thermoelectric generator increases, and the system's response capability is correspondingly enhanced, enabling it to cope with stronger disturbances. When the molten salt temperature decreases and the temperature difference narrows, the system's response capability is correspondingly reduced, but at this time the disturbance is usually weaker, and the system can still remain stable.

[0071] To prevent the two stabilizing devices from interfering with each other, the float body in this embodiment is wrapped with a ferromagnetic material for magnetic isolation, thereby reducing the mutual influence between the sliders of the two devices.

[0072] Specifically, a 5-millimeter-thick layer of ferromagnetic material can be wrapped around the outer surface of the float plate. This ferromagnetic material is made of high-temperature alloy steel, which has good high-temperature resistance and magnetic permeability, and can work stably for a long time in a molten salt environment.

[0073] The ferromagnetic material layer serves two main purposes: firstly, it can shield the influence of the internal magnetic field of the float plate on the external environment, preventing the internal magnetic field from interfering with other equipment in the molten salt tank; secondly, it can enhance the strength and uniformity of the internal magnetic field of the float plate, improving the working efficiency of the magnetic triggering mechanism.

[0074] In addition, the ferromagnetic material layer has excellent corrosion resistance, protecting the float from molten salt corrosion and extending its service life. The surface of the ferromagnetic material layer is also specially treated to have a low coefficient of friction, reducing the contact resistance between the float and the molten salt and improving the float's flexibility and response speed.

[0075] This embodiment also provides a single-tank molten salt energy storage system, including a single molten salt tank. At the top of the molten salt tank, a disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float 02 is provided. The diameter of the float is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the molten salt tank, with an appropriate gap to allow the float to float up and down with the molten salt surface. The main function of the float is to isolate the molten salt from the air or inert gas above, reducing heat loss and preventing oxidation of the molten salt.

[0076] The energy input device 03 (molten salt electric heater) receives surplus energy from the outside environment. The heat storage pump 05 pumps the cold salt in the cold salt zone 012 of the storage tank 01 to the energy input device 03 to heat the molten salt. Finally, the molten salt enters the hot salt zone 011 in the molten salt tank. The perturbation adaptive stabilizing float 02 moves down until it reaches the bottom of the storage tank to complete the heat storage. Similarly, the energy release process uses the heat release pump 06 to pump the hot salt in the hot salt zone 011 to the energy output device 04 (molten salt air heat exchanger) to release heat. The cold salt after heat release returns to the cold salt zone 012. The perturbation adaptive stabilizing float 02 moves up until it reaches the top of the storage tank to complete the heat release.

[0077] When a molten salt tank is subjected to external disturbances, such as earthquakes, wind loads, or equipment vibrations, the molten salt surface will fluctuate, causing disturbances to the float. At this time, the disturbance adaptive stabilization system inside the float will automatically sense this disturbance and generate a torque to counteract the disturbance by adjusting the internal mass distribution, thus keeping the float stable.

[0078] This design not only improves the operational stability of individual molten salt tanks and reduces molten salt fluctuations and splashing, but also reduces the oxidation rate and heat loss of the molten salt, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of the entire energy storage system. Furthermore, because the float employs an adaptive stabilization design, no external control system is required, greatly simplifying the system structure, improving reliability, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0079] Specifically, when the disturbance to the adaptive stabilizing float 02 during operation causes the float to tilt, the liquid conductive medium inside the glass tube tilts accordingly, causing the liquid level detection electrode away from the fixed electrode to disconnect from the liquid separation circuit. On the side that sinks, the number of induction coils connected to the electromagnet increases, and the repulsive force F1 of the first triggering device on the slider increases. At the same time, on the side that floats upward, the liquid conductive medium accumulates in the glass tube on the side away from the fixed electrode, and cannot form a circuit. The repulsive force F2 of the second triggering device on the slider disappears, and the slider moves upward, giving the adaptive stabilizing float 02 a downward pressure to balance the disturbance.

[0080] Furthermore, it should be noted that the mechanism by which the float plate in this invention can effectively suppress disturbances even when the liquid surface experiences inertial instability fluctuations during swaying is as follows: 1. The physical properties of liquid conductive media suppress fluctuations. High-density and high-viscosity design: The liquid conductive medium (such as mercury or high-concentration salt solution) in this invention has high density and high viscosity characteristics. High-density media have large inertia and are not easily affected by instantaneous acceleration; high viscosity significantly suppresses internal turbulence and splashing.

[0081] Container geometric constraints: The medium is contained in a narrow, long glass tube with a diameter only 1 / 8 to 1 / 5 of the width of the float. Figure 3 The surface tension effect and capillary action of the pipe wall on the liquid can significantly reduce the amplitude of inertial fluctuations.

[0082] 2. Threshold response mechanism of multi-stage electrodes Stepped height difference design: The liquid level detection electrodes are strictly arranged according to height differences (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm), requiring the liquid surface to be continuously tilted to a specific threshold before contact with electricity can occur. Inertial fluctuations are usually instantaneous small oscillations, making it difficult to reach the height that triggers higher electrodes.

[0083] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank, characterized in that, The float includes a float body, which includes a cavity. Two stabilizing devices are arranged orthogonally in the cavity. The two stabilizing devices rotate orthogonally to dynamically suppress float disturbance in a two-dimensional plane. The stabilizing device includes a slide rail disposed in the cavity, a slider slidably disposed on the slide rail, and a triggering mechanism. The triggering mechanism is used to control the slider to slide on the slide rail to suppress the disturbance of the floating plate. The slider is a permanent magnet slider; the triggering mechanism is a magnetic triggering mechanism, which is used to generate a magnetic field that produces a changing repulsive force on the permanent magnet slider; The magnetic triggering mechanism is provided at each end of the sliding direction of the slide rail; The two magnetic triggering mechanisms generate repulsive forces F1 and F2 on the permanent magnet slider, respectively; The float is in a stationary state or a disturbed state; when the float is in a stationary state, F1=F2; when the float is in a disturbed state, the repulsive force generated by the magnetic triggering mechanism on the permanent magnet slider on the relatively sinking side of the slide rail is greater than the repulsive force generated by the magnetic triggering mechanism on the relatively rising side of the permanent magnet slider. The magnetic triggering mechanism includes: The disturbance triggering unit includes a container filled with a liquid conductive medium. The conductive liquid responds to the tilt of the float body to generate a liquid surface shift and a position feedback signal is generated. The damping generation unit includes a dynamic magnetic source disposed in the cavity, which generates a changing magnetic field based on the position signal, and generates a driving magnetic field for the permanent magnet slider, driving the permanent magnet slider to slide towards the side of the slide rail that is relatively rising.

2. The disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic magnetic source includes an iron core and a coil wound around the iron core. The coil has a first end and a second end, and N taps are led out between the first end and the second end, where N is an integer greater than 0. The first end is connected to a power source. The disturbance triggering unit includes: A fixed electrode is inserted into a liquid conductive medium at one end and connected to a power source at the other end. A multi-stage liquid level detection electrode assembly includes at least two liquid level detection electrodes disposed at different height positions; among the at least two liquid level detection electrodes disposed at different height positions, the liquid level detection electrode at the highest height position is connected to the second end, and each of the remaining liquid level detection electrodes is connected to a different coil tap. The power supply, fixed electrode, liquid level detection electrode, and coil are connected in sequence to form a circuit; when one end of the slide rail is lowered, the total number of coil turns connected to the circuit is greater than when it is raised.

3. The disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least two of the liquid level detection electrodes are arranged sequentially from high to low in a direction that is consistent with the sliding direction of the slide rail; the height of the liquid level detection electrode connected to the circuit is proportional to the total number of turns of the coil connected to the corresponding circuit.

4. The disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-level liquid level detection electrode assembly includes N+1 liquid level detection electrodes set at different height positions.

5. The disturbance adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power source is a thermoelectric generator.

6. The disturbance-adaptive stabilizing float for a molten salt tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The float body is wrapped with a ferromagnetic material.

7. A single-tank molten salt energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes a molten salt tank, wherein the molten salt tank is provided with a disturbance adaptive stabilizing float as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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